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"Bromberg" redirects here. For other uses, see Bromberg (disambiguation).
Bydgoszcz
Skyline of Bydgoszcz
Flag of Bydgoszcz
Flag		 Coat of arms of Bydgoszcz
Coat of arms
Bydgoszcz (Poland)
Bydgoszcz
Bydgoszcz
Coordinates: 53°7′N 18°0′E / 53.117, 18
Country Flag of Poland Poland
Voivodeship Kuyavian-Pomeranian
County city county
Established before 1238
Town rights 1346/1349
Government
 - President (Mayor) Konstanty Dombrowicz
Area
 - City 175 km² (67. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Voivodeship The voivodeship or province (województwo has been a high-level Administrative subdivision of Poland since the 14th century Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (also known as Kuyavia-Pomerania Province or by its Polish name of województwo kujawsko-pomorskie or simply Kujawsko-Pomorskie A powiat (pronounced; Polish plural powiaty) is the second-level unit of Local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a County President of Bydgoszcz (Prezydent Bydgoszczy - is the head of the Bydgoszcz. Konstanty Dombrowicz (born September 4, 1947 in Ludowice, Poland) is a Polish Journalist and Politician; President Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 6 sq mi)
Elevation 60 m (197 ft)
Population (2006)
 - City 364,953
 - Density 2,085. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 4/km² (5,401. 3/sq mi)
 - Metro 460,499
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 - Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 85-001 to 85-915
Area code(s) +48 52
Car plates CB
Website: http://www.bydgoszcz.pl/

Bydgoszcz [ˈbɨdgɔʂt​͡ʂ] (Image:Ltspkr.png listen) (German: Bromberg (Image:Ltspkr.png listen), Lithuanian: Bydgoščius, Latin: Bydgostia) is a city in northern Poland, on the Brda and Vistula rivers, with a population of 369,151 (2004), agglomeration more than 400 000, which makes it the 8th biggest city in Poland. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time Daylight saving time ( DST Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks In common with many Countries, Polish car number plates indicate the Region of Registration of the Vehicle encoded in the number plate The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Lithuanian ( lietuvių kalba) is the official state language of Lithuania and is recognised as one of the official languages of the European Union. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The Brda (Brahe is a River in northwestern Poland, a tributary of the Vistula. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland It has been the capital of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1999, and was previously the capital of the Bydgoszcz Voivodeship (1947-1998) and before that, of the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1945-1947). Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (also known as Kuyavia-Pomerania Province or by its Polish name of województwo kujawsko-pomorskie or simply Kujawsko-Pomorskie Bydgoszcz Voivodeship (województwo bydgoskie was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in the years 1975&ndash1998 superseded by Kuyavian-Pomeranian Pomeranian Voivodeship (also known as Pomerania Province or by its Polish name of województwo pomorskie {{IPA-pl|p|o|'|m|o|r|s|k|j|e}} or simply Pomorskie Since 1999 it is also the seat of Bydgoszcz County. Bydgoszcz County (powiat bydgoski is a unit of territorial administration and local government ( Powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland

Bydgoszcz is part of the metroplex Bydgoszcz-Toruń with Toruń, only 45 km away, and over 850,000 inhabitants. Bydgoszcz-Toruń (Polish aglomeracja bydgosko-toruńska) is the name of the bi-polar agglomeration in the middle of the Vistula river created by 2 cities Bydgoszcz Bydgoszcz is the seat of Casimir the Great University, University of Technology and Life Sciences and a conservatory as well as a Collegium Medicum. Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz (Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy UKW is a university in Bydgoszcz, Poland. Bydgoszcz has a famous Concert Hall (Filharmonia Pomorska), opera house Opera Nova, From the Bydgoszcz Ignacy Jan Paderewski Airport there are flights to Warsaw, London, Dublin, Liverpool, Berlin,Katowice,Vienna, Copenhagen and Düsseldorf-Weeze (from 30th March 2008) as well charter flights to Antalya, Crete and Tunis. Bydgoszcz Ignacy Jan Paderewski Airport (Port lotniczy im Ignacego Jana Paderewskiego Bydgoszcz-Szwederowo is a Polish regional Airport in the City Warsaw (Warszawa; also known by other names) is the Capital and Largest city of Poland. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Dublin (ˈdʌblɨn/ /ˈdʊblɨn or /ˈdʊbəlɪn/, bˠalʲə aːha klʲiəh or cliə(ɸ is both the largest city and capital of Ireland. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Katowice (Katovice Kattowitz is a City in Silesia in southern Poland, on the Kłodnica Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Copenhagen (ˌkəʊpənˈheɪgən ˌkəʊpənˈhɑːgən ˈkəʊpənˌheɪgən ˈkəʊpənˌhɑːgən kʰøb̥ənˈhɑʊ̯ˀn kʰøb̥m̩ˈhɑʊ̯ˀn is the capital and largest city Antalya (formerly known as Adalia; from Pamphylian Greek: Αττάλεια Attália) is a city on the Mediterranean coast of southwestern Crete ( Greek: Κρήτη transliteration: Krētē, modern transliteration Kriti) is the largest of the Greek islands and the Tunis ( Arabic: تونس Tūnis) is the Capital of the Tunisian Republic and also the Tunis Thank to its location between Vistula and Odra water system on the Bydgoszcz channel the city is an important link in a water system connected via Noteć, Warta, Odra, Elbe with the Rhine and Rotterdam.

Contents

History

Originally a fishing settlement called Bydgozcya ("Bydgostia" in Latin), the city became a stronghold for the Vistula trade routes. In the 13th century it was the site of a castellany, first mentioned in 1238. A castellany was a District administered by a Castellan. Castellanies appeared during the Middle Ages and in most current States are now replaced The city was occupied by the Teutonic Knights from 1331-1337, and later by King Casimir III of Poland, who granted the city municipal rights on 19 April 1346. The Teutonic Order is a German Roman Catholic religious order. Casimir III the Great (Kazimierz Wielki April 30 1310 – November 5 1370 last King of Poland from the Piast dynasty (1333–1370 was the son of King Władysław German town law (Deutsches Stadtrecht or German municipal concerns ( Deutsches Städtewesen) concerns Town privileges used by many cities towns and villages Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer The city increasingly saw an influx of Jews after that date. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************

In the 15th-16th centuries Bydgoszcz was a significant site for corn trading. Maize (ˈmeɪz ( Zea mays L. ssp mays) known as corn in some countries is a cereal grain domesticated in Mesoamerica The Treaty of Bydgoszcz was signed in the city in 1657.

Bydgoszcz followed the history of Greater Poland until 1772, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia in the First Partition of Poland and incorporated into the Netze District and, later, West Prussia. Greater Poland or Great Poland, Polish Wielkopolska (Großpolen Latin: Polonia Maior) is a historical region of west-central Poland The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising The First Partition of Poland or First Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that ended the existence The Netze District or District of the Netze (Netzedistrikt or Netze-Distrikt Obwód Nadnotecki was a territory in the Kingdom of Prussia from 1772 West Prussia ( Prusy Zachodnie was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773&ndash1824 and 1878&ndash1918 which was created out of the earlier Polish During this time, a canal was built from Bydgoszcz to Nakło which connected the north-flowing Vistula River via the Brda to the west-flowing Noteć, which in turn flowed to the Oder via the Warta. History Nakło began to develop as a Pomeranian settlement by the middle of the 10th century The Noteć ( German: Netze, Latin: Natissis) is a River in central Poland with a length of 388 km (7th longest and a basin The Oder (known in Czech and Polish as Odra) is a River in Central Europe. The Warta (Warthe Varta is a River in western-central Poland, a tributary of the Oder river

In 1807 Bydgoszcz became part of the Duchy of Warsaw. Year 1807 ( MDCCCVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Duchy of Warsaw (Księstwo Warszawskie Duché de Varsovie Herzogtum Warschau Варшавское герцогство was a Polish state established by Napoleon In 1815 it returned to Prussian rule as part of the autonomous Grand Duchy of Poznań (the [[Province of Posen after 1848) and the capital of the Bromberg region. Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Grand Duchy of Posen (Großherzogtum Posen Wielkie Księstwo Poznańskie was an autonomous province of the Kingdom of Prussia in the Polish lands commonly known as " Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Bromberg was the northern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and After 1871 the city was part of the German Empire. The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification After World War I and the Great Poland Uprising, Bydgoszcz was annexed to Poland in 1919. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common It shifted in 1938 to the Pomeranian Voivodeship. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Pomeranian Voivodeship (also known as Pomerania Province or by its Polish name of województwo pomorskie {{IPA-pl|p|o|'|m|o|r|s|k|j|e}} or simply Pomorskie

From 1939-45 during World War II, Bydgoszcz was overrun by Nazi Germany and annexed to the Reichsgau Wartheland. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers Reichsgau Wartheland (initially Reichsgau Posen, sometimes briefly called Warthegau) was the name given by Nazi German government to the largest subdivision On September 3 1939, shortly after the war started, the Bromberg Bloody Sunday incident occurred in which numerous Poles and Germans were killed; the incident was used by Nazi propaganda for retaliation against Poles after Bydgoszcz was occupied by the Wehrmacht on September 9. Events 36 BC - In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius Bloody Sunday (Bromberger Blutsonntag Krwawa Niedziela is the term used to describe an incident that took place at the beginning of World War II. The Polish people, or Poles, (Polacy) are a Western Slavic Ethnic group of Central Europe, living predominantly in Poland. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as Nazi propaganda is the term that describes the psychologically powerful Propaganda within Nazi Germany, much of which was centered around Jews consistently Wehrmacht (literally "defense force" was the name of the unified Armed forces of Germany from 1935 to 1945 Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian The city's Jewish citizens were repressed, as thousands of people were sent to concentration camps and/or executed. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Bydgoszcz was the site of Bromberg-Ost, a female subcamp of Stutthof. Bromberg-Ost or Konzentrationslager Bromberg-Ost, was the female subcamp of the German Concentration camp Stutthof between 1944-1945 in the Stutthof was the first concentration camp built by the Nazi Germany regime outside of Germany. The subcamp staffed several female SS guards (Aufseherin) and was commanded by the Oberaufseherin Johanna Wisotzki and a male commandant. The ( German for "Protective Squadron" abbreviated SS - or ( Runic)- was a major Nazi organization under Adolf Hitler and the Of the 55000 guards who served in Nazi concentration camps, about 3700 were women Of the 55000 guards who served in Nazi concentration camps, about 3700 were women A deportation camp was situated in Smukała village, now part of Bydgoszcz. According to Nowa encyklopedia powszechna PWN, 37,000 citizens of the city died during the war. Internetowa encyklopedia PWN ( Polish for Internet PWN Encyclopedia) is a free online Polish-language Encyclopedia published by Wydawnictwo [1]

In 1945 Bydgoszcz was liberated and annexed again to Poland.

In 1981 Solidarity's activists were violently suppressed in Bydgoszcz. Bydgoszcz events (wypadki bydgoskie refers to a turning point in the early history of the Solidarity movement

River Brda at night
River Brda at night

Economy

Major corporations

Education

Bydgoszcz
Bydgoszcz

Transport

Bydgoszcz
Bydgoszcz

Airports

Railway stations

Bus stations

Culture

Museums

It occupies several buildings: - Main building (Gdańska 4 St. ) - The White Granary (Mennica St. )

Classical music

Popular music

Alternative music festival "Low Fi" http://www.lowfi-festival.com

Theatre

Opera Nova
Opera Nova

Sports

Sports clubs

Sports facilities

Łuczniczka.
Łuczniczka.

Sports events

Politics

Bydgoszcz constituency

River Brda.
River Brda. Łuczniczka is an Arena in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It is primarily used for Volleyball and Basketball. Zdzisław Krzyszkowiak Stadium ( pl Bydgoski Stadion Miejski im Polonia Stadium (pl Stadion Polonii Bydgoszcz) is a multi-use Stadium in Bydgoszcz, Poland. Motorcycle speedway, usually referred to as speedway, is a Motorcycle sport involving four and sometimes up to six riders competing over four anti-clockwise The Speedway Grand Prix of Poland is a speedway event that is a part of the Speedway Grand Prix Series The Speedway Grand Prix of Europe is a speedway event that is a part of the Speedway Grand Prix Series The Mieczysław Połukard Criterium of Polish Speedway League Aces (Kryterium Asów Polskich Lig Żużlowych im The International Association of Athletics Federations ( IAAF) is the international governing body for the sport of athletics. The 2008 World Junior Championships in Athletics is the 2008 version of the World Junior Championships in Athletics.

Members of Polish Sejm 2007-2011 elected from Bydgoszcz constituency:

Members of Polish Senate 2007-2011 elected from Bydgoszcz constituency:

People

Hotel "Pod Orłem".
Hotel "Pod Orłem". Members of Parliament V Term of Office - Elections were held on 25 September 2005 and MPs took office on 19 October 2005. Left and Democrats (Lewica i Demokraci (LiD was a Centre-left political Coalition in Poland which was created on September 3 2006 before the Civic Platform ( Platforma Obywatelska, PO is a Christian-democratic and liberal-conservative Polish political party. Civic Platform ( Platforma Obywatelska, PO is a Christian-democratic and liberal-conservative Polish political party. The Polish People's Party ( Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe, PSL also translated as Polish Peasant(s Party) is a Political party in Poland. Tomasz Latos (born March 08, 1964 in Poznań) is a Polish politician Law and Justice ( Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, PiS is a Polish political party. Law and Justice ( Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, PiS is a Polish political party. Paweł Bartosz Olszewski (born December 11, 1979 in Bydgoszcz, Poland) is a Polish economist and politician Bydgoszcz City Councillor Civic Platform ( Platforma Obywatelska, PO is a Christian-democratic and liberal-conservative Polish political party. Teresa Piotrowska (born February 05, 1955 in Tczew) is a Polish politician Civic Platform ( Platforma Obywatelska, PO is a Christian-democratic and liberal-conservative Polish political party. Civic Platform ( Platforma Obywatelska, PO is a Christian-democratic and liberal-conservative Polish political party. Radosław Tomasz "Radek" Sikorski (raˈdɔswaf ˈtɔmaʃ (ˈradɛk ɕiˈkɔrskʲi (born 23 February 1963 in Bydgoszcz) is a conservative Civic Platform ( Platforma Obywatelska, PO is a Christian-democratic and liberal-conservative Polish political party. Andrzej Walkowiak (born January 21, 1961 in Bydgoszcz) is a Polish politician Law and Justice ( Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, PiS is a Polish political party. Janusz Zemke (born February 24, 1949 in Kowalewo) is a Polish politician Left and Democrats (Lewica i Demokraci (LiD was a Centre-left political Coalition in Poland which was created on September 3 2006 before the The Senate ( Senat) is the upper house of the Polish Parliament. Civic Platform ( Platforma Obywatelska, PO is a Christian-democratic and liberal-conservative Polish political party. Jan Rulewski (born April 18 1944 in Bydgoszcz, Poland) is a Polish Politician, activist of Solidarity; a Member of the Civic Platform ( Platforma Obywatelska, PO is a Christian-democratic and liberal-conservative Polish political party.

Legends

It is also said that Pan Twardowski spent some time in the city of Bydgoszcz, where, in his memory, a figure was recently mounted in a window of a tenement, overseeing the Old Town. Jan Krzysztof Bielecki (ˈjan ˈkʃɨʃtɔf bʲɛˈlɛtskʲi born May 3, 1951) is a Polish liberal politician Zbigniew Boniek ('zbigɲɛf 'bɔɲɛk (born 3 March 1956 in Bydgoszcz) is a former Polish footballer and coach Mieczysław Sylwester Garsztka ( December 31, 1896 - June 10, 1919) was a Polish pilot a Flying ace of the German Jacek Gollob (born October 27 1969 in Bydgoszcz, Poland) is a Polish Motorcycle speedway rider who won the Polish Championship Tomasz Robert Gollob (born April 11 1971 in Bydgoszcz, Poland) is a Polish Motorcycle speedway rider who has appeared Hugo Emil Hergesell ( May 29, 1859, Bromberg - June 6, 1938, Berlin) was a German Meteorologist. Marcin Jaskulski is a Polish -born Australian journalist based in the North-Western NSW town of Bourke New South Wales[http //www Jan Kulczyk, born June 24, 1950, in Bydgoszcz, is a prominent Polish businessman Walter Leistikow ( 25 October, 1865 - 24 July, 1908) was a German artist from Bromberg (Bydgoszcz. Eberhard von Mackensen ( September 24, 1889 &ndash May 19, 1969) was a German General who served in World War Paweł Bartosz Olszewski (born December 11, 1979 in Bydgoszcz, Poland) is a Polish economist and politician Bydgoszcz City Councillor Edmund Michał Piszcz (b November 17, 1929 in Bydgoszcz, Poland) was since 22 October[[ 988]] the Bishop of Warmia, Katarzyna Radtke, née Schewe (born 31 August 1969 in Bydgoszcz) is a retired Polish race walker. Marian Adam Rejewski ( 16 August 1905 &ndash 13 February 1980 was a Polish Mathematician and cryptologist who in 1932 solved the Enigma machine Morris David Rosenbaum ( 11 July 1831 – 10 August 1885) was a prominent Businessman in early Utah and one of the few Jan Rulewski (born April 18 1944 in Bydgoszcz, Poland) is a Polish Politician, activist of Solidarity; a Member of the Vivian Schmitt, formerly known as Anna B, (born 31 March 1978 in Bydgoszcz, Poland, raised in Berlin, Germany Radosław Tomasz "Radek" Sikorski (raˈdɔswaf ˈtɔmaʃ (ˈradɛk ɕiˈkɔrskʲi (born 23 February 1963 in Bydgoszcz) is a conservative Grażyna Szapołowska (born September 19, 1953 in Bydgoszcz, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodship, Poland) is a Film actress Kurt Waldemar Tank ( February 24 1898 - June 5 1983) was a resourceful German aeronautical Engineer and test Janusz Turowski (born 7 February 1961 in Bydgoszcz) is a Polish football coach and former player Friedrich Wedeking ( October 10, 1862 &ndash May 5, 1973) was the first German Supercentenarian. Pan Twardowski (pronounced tfar'dɔfski is a Polish Folklore character a sorcerer who entered a Pact with the Devil. At 1:13 p. m. and 9:13 p. m. the window opens and Pan Twardowski appears, to the accompaniment of weird music and devilish laughter. He takes a bow, waves his hand, and then disappears. This little show gathers crowds of amused spectators.

Sister cities

Bydgoszcz Twin Cities sign on the Theatre Square
Bydgoszcz Twin Cities sign on the Theatre Square

See also

References

External links


The Roman Catholic Diocese of Bydgoszcz { Latin: Bydgostien(sis } is an Diocese located in the city of Bydgoszcz in the Ecclesiastical
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