A by-product is a secondary or incidental product deriving from a manufacturing process, a chemical reaction or a biochemical pathway, and is not the primary product or service being produced. Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale A chemical reaction is a process that always results in the interconversion of Chemical substances The substance or substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called A by-product can be useful and marketable, or it can have severe ecological consequences. Sao Paulo Stock Exchangejpg|thumb| Virtual market arena where buyer and seller are not present and trade via intemediates and electronical information Ecology (from Greek grc οἶκος oikos, "house(hold" and grc -λογία -logia) is the scientific study of
Major by-products
Animal sources
- dried blood and blood meal - from slaughterhouse operations
- chicken by-product meal - clean parts of the carcass of slaughtered chicken, such as necks, feet, undeveloped eggs, and intestines. Blood is a specialized Bodily fluid that delivers necessary substances to the body's cells such as nutrients and oxygen—and transports Waste products Blood meal is dried powdered blood used as a high- Nitrogen fertilizer A slaughterhouse, also called an abattoir (from the French verb abattre, "to strike down" or freezing works ( New Zealand Poultry by-product meal is a high-protein Commodity used as a major component in some Pet foods It is made from grinding clean rendered parts of
- chrome shavings - from a stage of leather manufacture
- collagen and gelatin - from the boiled skin and other parts of slaughtered livestock
- feathers - from poultry processing
- lanolin - from the cleaning of wool
- manure - from animal husbandry
- meat and bone meal - from the rendering of animal bones and offal
- poultry byproduct and poultry meal - made from unmarketable poultry bones and offal
- poultry litter - swept from the floors of chicken coops]
- whey - from cheese manufacturing
- fetal pigs
Vegetation
Minerals and petro chemicals
Other
- sludge - from wastewater treatment
See also
Leather is a material created through the Tanning of hides and Skins of Animals primarily Cattlehide The Tanning process Collagen is the main Protein of Connective tissue in Animals and the most abundant protein in Mammals making up about 50% of the whole-body protein Gelatin (also gelatine, from French gélatine) is a translucent colourless brittle nearly tasteless solid substance, extracted from the Feathers are one of the epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering or Plumage, on Birds They are considered the most complex integumentary structures Poultry is the category of Domesticated Birds which some humans keep for the purpose of collecting their eggs, or kill for their Meat and/or Lanolin, also called Adeps Lanae, wool wax, wool fat, anhydrous wool fat or wool grease, is a greasy yellow substance secreted by Wool is the fiber derived from the specialized skin cells called follicles of animals in the Caprinae family principally sheep, but the hair of certain species Manure is Organic matter used as Organic fertilizer in Agriculture. Animal husbandry, also called Animal science, stockbreeding or simple husbandry, is the agricultural practice of breeding Meat and bone meal (MBM is a product of the rendering industry Rendering is a process that converts waste animal tissue into stable value-added materials Offal is the Entrails and Internal organs of a Butchered Animal. In Agriculture, poultry litter or broiler litter is a material used as bedding in poultry operations to renderthe floor more manageable Whey or milk plasma is the liquid remaining after Milk has been Curdled and strained it is a By-product of the manufacture of Cheese Cheese is a Food made from Milk, usually the milk of cows, Buffalo, Goats or sheep, by coagulation. Fetal pigs are unborn pigs used in elementary as well as advanced Biology classes as objects for Dissection. Bran is the hard outer layer of Grain and consists of combined Aleurone and Pericarp. The germ is the "heart" of the Cereal kernel the Embryo of the Seed. Whole grains are cereal grains that Bran and germ as well as the Endosperm, in contrast to Refined grains, which retain only Stover consists of the leaves and stalks of corn (maize sorghum or soybean plants that are left in a field after harvest Distillers grains is a Cereal Byproduct of the Distillation process Biodiesel refers to a non-petroleum-based Diesel fuel consisting of short chain Alkyl ( Methyl or ethyl) Esters made by Not to be confused with Rapeseed oil. Grape seed oil (also called grapeseed oil or grape oil) is a Vegetable oil pressed from the seeds Molasses or Treacle is a thick Syrup by-product from the processing of the Sugarcane or Sugar beet into Sugar. Orange oil is an Essential oil produced by Glands inside the Rind of an orange fruit. Pectin (from Greek πηκτικός - pektikos, "congealed curdled" a white to light brown powder is a Heteropolysaccharide Sawdust is composed of fine particles of Wood. This material is produced from cutting with a Saw, hence its name Bark, also known as periderm is the outermost layer of stems and Roots of Woody plants such as Trees It overlays the Wood and consists Logging is the process in which Trees are cut down for Forest management and Timber. Lumber or timber is Wood in any of its stages from felling through readiness for use as structural Material for Construction, or Straw is an agricultural By-product, the dry stalk of a Cereal plant after the Grain or Seed has been removed Asphalt ( is a sticky black and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid that is present in most crude Petroleums and in some natural deposits sometimes termed asphaltum Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit Fly ash is one of the residues generated in the Combustion of Coal. Slag is the By-product of Smelting Ore to purify Metals They can be considered to be a mixture of metal Oxides however An ore is a volume of rock containing components or Minerals in a mode of occurrence that renders it valuable for mining Gypsum is a very soft Mineral composed of Calcium sulfate dihydrate with the Chemical formula Ca[[sulfur S]] O 4·2 Flue gas desulfurization (FGD is the technology used for removing Sulfur dioxide (SO2 from the exhaust flue gases in power plants that In Analytical chemistry, ash is the name given to all non- Aqueous residue that remains after a sample is Burned, and consist mostly of metal Oxides Smoke is the collection of airborne solid and liquid Particulates and Gases ref> ''Smoke Production and Properties'' - SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering Mineral oil or liquid Petroleum is a By-product in the Distillation of Petroleum to produce Gasoline and other petroleum Salt is a Dietary mineral composed primarily of Sodium chloride that is essential for Animal life but toxic to most land plants Desalination, desalinization, or desalinisation refers to any of several processes that remove excess salt and other Minerals from Water SLUDGE (Scripting Language for Unhindered Development of a Gaming Environment is a open source adventure game engine developed by Hungry Software Recycling involves processing used materials into new products in order to prevent the waste of potentially useful materials reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials reduce © 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
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