- For the replica temple in Hawaii, see Byodo-In Temple. The Temple is a non-denominational Buddhist temple located on the island of O'ahu in Hawai'i at the Valley of the Temples.
Byōdō-in (平等院?) is a Pure Land Buddhist temple in the city of Uji in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Pure Land Buddhism ( Jìngtǔzōng; 浄土教 Jōdokyō; Korean: ko-Hang 정토종 jeongtojong; Vietnamese: 浄土宗 vi Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices is a city on the southern outskirts of the city of Kyoto, in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. WikipediaWikiProject Japanese prefectures for guidelines --> is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kinki region of the island of Honshū For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics.
History
This temple was originally built in 998 in the Heian period as a rural villa of Fujiwara no Michinaga, one of the most powerful members of the Fujiwara clan. Events By Place Europe Otto III retakes the city of Rome and reinstates his cousin Pope Gregory V, after mutilating The is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. Fujiwara no Michinaga (藤原 道長 966 - 3 January 1028; Japanese calendar 万寿4年12月4日 represents the highpoint of the Fujiwara regents The Fujiwara clan (藤原氏 Fujiwara-shi) descending from the Nakatomi clan, was a powerful family of Regents in Japan that monopolized the regent positions This villa was changed to a Buddhist temple by Fujiwara no Yorimichi in 1052. (990-1074 son of Michinaga, was a Japanese Court noble He succeeded his father to the position of Sessho in 1017 and then went on to become Kampaku The most famous building in the temple is the Phoenix Hall (鳳凰堂 hōō-dō) or the Amida Hall, constructed in 1053. Amitābha ( Sanskrit: अमिताभ Amitābha (wordstem pronunciation; Chinese: 阿彌陀佛 Ēmítuó Fó; Tibetan: འོད་དཔག་མེད་ The only remaining original building is the Phoenix Hall, surrounded by a scenic pond; additional buildings making up the compound were burnt down during a civil war in 1336.
The main building in Byōdō-in, the Phoenix Hall consists of a central hall, flanked by twin wing corridors on both sides of the central hall, and a tail corridor. The central hall houses an image of Amida Buddha. The roof of the hall displays statues of the Chinese phoenix, called hōō in Japanese. Fenghuang are mythological Chinese birds that reign over all other birds
The Phoenix Hall, completed in 1053, is the exemplar of Fujiwara Amida halls. It consists of a main rectangular structure flanked by two L-shaped wing corridors and a tail corridor, set at the edge of a large artificial pond. Though its official name is Amida-dō, it began to be called Hōō-dō, or Phoenix Hall, in the beginning of the Edo period. The, also referred to as the Tokugawa period (徳川時代 Tokugawa-jidai) is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868 This name is considered to derive both from the building's likeness to a phoenix with outstretched wings and a tail, and the pair of phoenixes adorning the roof.
Inside the Phoenix Hall, a single image of Amida (c. 1053) is installed on a high platform. The Amida sculpture is made of Japanese cypress and is covered with gold leaf. It was executed by Jōchō, who used a new canon of proportions and a new technique, yosegi, in which multiple pieces of wood are carved out like shells and joined from the inside. Jōchō (定朝 d 1057 also known as Jōchō Busshi, was a Japanese sculptor of the Heian period. is a type of traditional Japanese Parquetry which originated in Japan’s culturally rich Edo Period. The statue measures about three meters high from its face to its knees, and is seated. Applied to the walls of the hall are small relief carvings of celestials, the host believed to have accompanied Amida when he descended from the Western Paradise to gather the souls of believers at the moment of death and transport them in lotus blossoms to Paradise. Raigō paintings on the wooden doors of the Phoenix Hall, depicting the Descent of the Amida Buddha, are an early example of Yamato-e, Japanese-style painting, and contain representations of the scenery around Kyoto. A ("welcoming approach" is an appearance of Amida Buddha on a purple cloud at the time of one's death Yamato-e (大和絵 is a style of Japanese painting inspired by Tang dynasty paintings and developed in the late Heian period.
There is a garden with a pond in front of the building, which in 1997 was dredged as part of an archeological dig.
The Byōdō-in museum stores and displays most of Byōdō-in's national treasures, including 52 wooden Bodhisattvas, the temple bell, the south end Phoenix, and other historically noteworthy items. In the Buddhist context a bodhisattva (बोधिसत्त्व bodhisattva;; Vietnamese Bồ Tát; बोधिसत्त bodhisatta
Japan commemorates its longevity and cultural significance by displaying its image on the 10 yen coin, and the 10,000 yen note features the phoenix image. The banknotes of the Japanese yen are part of the physical form of Japan's currency In December 1994, UNESCO listed the building as a World Heritage Site as part of the "Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto". United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established on November 16 A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex The UNESCO World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto Uji and Otsu Cities encompasses 17 locations in Japan The Phoenix Hall, the great statue of Amida inside it, and several other items at Byōdō-in are national treasures. The Ministry of Education Culture Sports Science and Technology of the government of Japan designates the most famous of the nation's cultural properties as National
A full-size replica of the temple was built in 1968 at the Valley of the Temples on O'ahu, Hawaii. The Temple is a non-denominational Buddhist temple located on the island of O'ahu in Hawai'i at the Valley of the Temples. Oahu (usually Oahu outside Hawaiian and Hawaiian English) known as ''"The Gathering Place", is the third largest of the The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the
External links
- Official homepage (in Japanese)
- High-resolution photos of Byodo-in
- Byodoin profile on Asian Historical Architecture
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