A jazz quartet busks for coins in New York City's Central Park. The culture of New York City is shaped by centuries of immigration the city's size and variety and its status as the cultural capital of the United States Central Park is a large public Urban park in New York City, with about twenty-five million visitors annually

Busking is the practice of performing music, dance, juggling, magic, and similar activities in public places to entertain passersby and solicit tips. A performance, in Performing arts, generally comprises an event in which one group of people (the performer or performers behave in a particular way for another group of people Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. Dance (from French danser, perhaps from Frankish) is an Art form that generally refers to movement of the body usually rhythmic Juggling is a physical human skill involving the movement of objects usually through the air for entertainment (see Object manipulation) A public space refers to an area or place that is open and accessible to all citizens regardless of Gender, Race, Ethnicity, Age or See also Entertainment (disambiguation and The Entertainer (disambiguation Entertainment is an activity designed to give people A tip (also called a gratuity) is a payment made to certain Service sector workers in addition to the advertised price of the transaction People engaging in this practice are called buskers. Busking is a British term used in many areas of the English-speaking world and in former British territories, such as Canada. In the United States, buskers are more often called street performers or street musicians. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Some buskers only work part time, while others make a full time living performing on the streets. A part-time job carries fewer hours per week than a Full-time job and usually pays less than a full-time job A permanent full-time job usually has benefits (such as health insurance however temporary full-time jobs usually do not have benefits A street is a Public thoroughfare in the built environment It is a Public parcel of land adjoining Buildings in an urban context

Description

See also: Category:Buskers

A street performer wraps one leg around his head, stands, jumps about, squeezes through a tennis racquet, swallows a sword and bends over in Southbank, Melbourne, Australia

Busking performances can be just about anything that people find entertaining. Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Buskers may do: musical performance, clowning, comedy, improvisation, balloon modelling, dance, acrobatics, contortions and escapes, juggling, magic, fire eating, sword swallowing, snake charming, fortune-telling, present a flea circus, street theatre, street art (sketching and painting, etc. Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. Clowns are comic performers stereotypically characterized by their Grotesque appearance colored wigs stylistic makeup, outlandish Costumes unusually Comedy (from the Greek κωμωδίαkomodia has a popular meaning (any discourse generally intended to amuse especially in Television, Film, and Improvisational theatre (also known as improv or impro) is a form of Theatre in which the Actors use Improvisational acting techniques Balloon modeling or balloon twisting is the shaping of special modeling Balloons into almost any given shape often a balloon animal. Dance (from French danser, perhaps from Frankish) is an Art form that generally refers to movement of the body usually rhythmic Acrobatics (from Greek Akros, high and bat, walking is one of the Performing arts, and is also practiced as a Sport. Contortion (sometimes contortionism) is an unusual form of physical display which involves the dramatic bending and flexing of the Human body. Escapology is the practice of escaping from restraints or other traps Juggling is a physical human skill involving the movement of objects usually through the air for entertainment (see Object manipulation) A fire eater is an Entertainer, often a Street artist or part of a Sideshow. Sword swallowing is a Performance art, in which the performer inserts a Sword into his or her Mouth and down the Esophagus towards the Stomach Snake charming is the practice of apparently hypnotising a Snake by simply playing an instrument Fortune-telling is the practice of predicting the future usually of an individual through mystical or supernatural means and often for commercial gain A flea circus refers to a circus Sideshow attraction in which Fleas are attached (or appear to be attached to miniature carts and other items and encouraged Street theatre is a form of theatrical Performance and presentation in outdoor Public spaces without a specific paying Audience. Street art is any Art developed in Public spaces — that is "in the Streets quot — though the term usually refers to art of an illicit nature as Painting (pān'tīng in Art, is the practice of applying Color to a Surface (support base such as e ), puppeteering, storytelling or recite poetry or prose as a bard, or do mime or a mime variation where the performer stands still as a living statue. A puppeteer is a person who manipulates an inanimate object — a Puppet — in real time to create the illusion of life Storytelling is the ancient art of conveying events in Words Images and Sounds often by Improvisation or embellishment For the Wikipedia guideline regarding editing articles see WikipediaManual of Style. Etymology The word is a Loanword from descendant languages of Proto-Celtic *bardos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gwerh2 The term living statue refers to a Mime artist who poses like a Statue or Mannequin, usually with realistic statue-like Makeup, sometimes for

People busk for a variety of reasons, including for money, for fun, the attention they get, to socialize or meet people, the love of their art, or to practice their skills or try out new material in front of an audience. Money is anything that is generally accepted as Payment for Goods and services and repayment of Debts. Recreation or fun is the expenditure of time in a manner designed for therapeutic refreshment of one's Body or Mind. The term socialization is used by sociologists, social psychologists and Educationalists to refer to the process of learning one’s Culture A skill is the learned capacity or talent to carry out pre-determined results often with the minimum outlay of time energy or both. Brooklyn Book Festival crowd by David Shankbonejpg|thumb|An audience at the Brooklyn Book Festival in New York City. Some buskers only work part time, while others make a full time living performing on the streets. A part-time job carries fewer hours per week than a Full-time job and usually pays less than a full-time job A permanent full-time job usually has benefits (such as health insurance however temporary full-time jobs usually do not have benefits A street is a Public thoroughfare in the built environment It is a Public parcel of land adjoining Buildings in an urban context Some buskers do professional entertainment gigs in addition to working the streets. Gig is a term commonly used by bands with reference to their live shows generally the bands play through a speaker system more recently however there has been the worlds first Silent

Some people manage only pocket change from busking, while others can amass substantial incomes. Income, refers to consumption opportunity gained by an entity within a specified time frame which is generally expressed in monetary terms An act that might make money at one place and time may not work at all in another setting. A busker's income depends on many conditions, including the composition of the audience, the type and quality of the performance, the weather, and the time of day. Location can be the key, and competition from other entertainers can also play a role, both positively and negatively. Competition is a rivalry between individuals groups nations or animals for territory or resources Busking can be the bottom rung of the entertainment industry, and some of the most famous groups and superstars started their careers as buskers. The entertainment industry (much of which is informally known as show business or show biz) consists of a large number of sub-industries devoted to Entertainment Examples include Jimmy Page, Roni Benise, The Blue Man Group, Cirque du Soleil, Carlos Santana, Stomp, Bob Hope, George Burns, Rod Stewart, Eric Clapton, Simon and Garfunkel (as "Tom and Jerry"), Jimmy Buffett, Bob Dylan, Stephane Grappelli, Joan Baez, Judy Collins, Pierce Brosnan, Robin Williams, The Opera Babes, Beck, Gerry Rafferty, Penn Jillette, Jewel and Joni Mitchell. James Patrick Page, OBE (born 9 January 1944 is an English Guitarist, Composer and record producer Roni Benise (best known as Benise and pronounced Buh-ness-say is an American self-taught and self-described "Nouveau Spanish Flamenco Guitarist" Blue Man Group ( Blue Man, BMG) is a creative organization founded by Phil Stanton Chris Wink and Matt Goldman it is centered on a trio of mute performers called Cirque du Soleil (French for "Circus of the Sun" in English sɜrk duː soʊˈleɪ is an entertainment company For the Costa Rican football player see Carlos Santana (footballer; for the Mexican academic see Carlos Santana Morales. Bob Hope, KBE KCSG ( May 29, 1903 &ndash July 27, 2003) was an American comedian and actor who appeared in George Burns ( January 20 1896 &ndash March 9 1996; born Nathan Birnbaum) was an American comedian, Actor Roderick "Rod" David Stewart, CBE (born 10 January 1945 is a Singer and Songwriter born and raised in London England and currently Eric Patrick Clapton, CBE (born 30 March 1945 is an English Blues-rock Guitarist, singer Songwriter and Composer Simon & Garfunkel are an American Singer-songwriter duo of Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel. James William "Jimmy" Buffett (born December 25 1946) is a Singer, Songwriter, Author, Businessman, and recently Bob Dylan (born Robert Zimmerman, May 24 1941 in Duluth, Minnesota) is an American singer-songwriter author poet and painter who has been a major Stéphane Grappelli ( January 26 1908 &ndash December 1 1997) was a French Jazz Violinist who founded the Joan Chandos Baez (born January 9, 1941 in Staten Island, New York) an American Folk singer and Songwriter known Judith Marjorie Collins (born May 1, 1939 in Seattle, Washington) is an American folk and standards Singer Pierce Brendan Brosnan, OBE Honour and so holds an honorary OBE Robin McLaurim Williams (born July 21 1951 or 1952 is an American television stage and film actor and Comedian who has won an Academy Award for his performance The Opera Babes are a classical music group consisting of Karen England (born 1974 Mezzo Soprano, and Rebecca Knight (born 1970 Soprano. Beck' s birth name was Bek see the sources given This is not a typo and should not be changed without good reason Gerry Rafferty (born Gerald Rafferty 16 April 1947 in Paisley) is a Scottish Singer and Songwriter. Penn Fraser Jillette (born March 5, 1955) is an American Comedian, Illusionist, juggler and Writer known Joni Mitchell, CC (born Roberta Joan Anderson on November 7 1943) is a Canadian Musician, Songwriter, and Many other buskers have also found fame and fortune.

Elements

Musicians polish their art at a railway station in Japan

There are several basic forms of busking. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Circle shows are shows that tend to gather a crowd around them. They usually have a distinct beginning and end. Usually these are done in conjunction with street theater, puppeteering, magicians, comedians, acrobats, jugglers and sometimes musicians. Street theatre is a form of theatrical Performance and presentation in outdoor Public spaces without a specific paying Audience. A puppeteer is a person who manipulates an inanimate object — a Puppet — in real time to create the illusion of life A comedian or comic is a person who seeks to entertain an audience primarily by making them laugh Acrobatics (from Greek Akros, high and bat, walking is one of the Performing arts, and is also practiced as a Sport. Juggling is a physical human skill involving the movement of objects usually through the air for entertainment (see Object manipulation) A musician is a person who plays or writes Music. Musicians can be classified by their roles in creating or performing music An instrumentalist plays a Circle shows can be the most lucrative, but the busker may have to worry about the crowd growing so big that it obstructs pedestrian traffic. Walk by acts are typically with the busker providing a musical or entertaining ambiance. There is no distinct beginning or end and the crowds do not particularly stop to watch. Sometimes an intended walk by act will spontaneously turn into a circle show. A good busker will control the crowd so the patrons don't obstruct foot traffic. Cafe busking is done mostly in cafes, restaurants, pubs and bars. A coffeehouse ( French / Portuguese: café; Spanish: cafetería; Italian: caffè A restaurant is a retail establishment that serves prepared Food to Customers. A bar (also called a Pub or Tavern) is a business that serves drinks especially Alcoholic beverages such as beer liquor and mixed drinks for consumption Musicians and balloon artists can frequently be found using this venue. Making a living on the piano bar principle is an experience well known by many musical keyboard artists. A piano bar (also known as a piano lounge) consists of a Piano or Electronic keyboard played by a professional Musician, located in A musical keyboard is the set of adjacent depressible levers or keys on a Musical instrument, particularly the piano Perhaps the most famous of these is Billy Joel, who later rose to fame. William Martin Joel (born May 9 1949 is an American Pianist and Singer-songwriter. His hit song "Piano Man" was written about a six month stint he did in 1972 at the "Executive Room" piano bar in Los Angeles. " Piano Man " was Billy Joel 's first major hit and is considered Joel's Signature song. ^[1]

A bottler is a British term (may also be known as the "hat man" or "pitch man" in other areas) that describes the person with the job to pass the hat, usually by circulating through the audience with the money hat to collect donations. The term bottler came from a device old world performers used for collecting money. It was made from a glass bottle and a shaped leather pouch designed to allow coins in but not allow them to be removed easily without being noticed by the jingling of the coins against the glass. The first use of such contrivances was recorded by the famous Punch and Judy troupe of puppeteers in early Victorian times. Punch and Judy is a traditional popular English Puppet show featuring the characters of Punch and his wife Judy ^[2] Bottling itself can be an art form, and the difference between a good and a bad bottler can be crucial to the amount of money earned on a pitch. A bottler usually gets a cut of the money made on the pitch, although it's not commonly a full share. In olden days it was common for buskers to use a monkey as a bottler. That practice has diminished due to animal control laws, but as tribute to the monkey's service there is a device known as monkey stick which buskers use to get attention. This article is about a musical instrument -- for other uses see Mendoza (disambiguation. A monkey stick is a long stick with bottle caps or small cymbals attached such that they make an attention getting noise when shaken. It is frequently topped by a small monkey doll or figurine.

Locations

Living statues in Jubilee Gardens, London. The term living statue refers to a Mime artist who poses like a Statue or Mannequin, usually with realistic statue-like Makeup, sometimes for London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom.

See also: List of well-known busking locations and Category:Busking venues

The place where a busker performs is called their pitch. Some well-known Busking locations include the following Americas United States of America Central U Popular busking spots tend to be public places with large volumes of pedestrian traffic, high visibility, low background noise and as few elements of interference as possible. A pedestrian is a person travelling on foot whether Walking or Running. Traffic on Roads may consist of Pedestrians ridden or herded Animals Vehicles Streetcars and other Conveyances either singly In Acoustics and specifically in Acoustical engineering, background noise is any Sound other than the sound being monitored Good locations may include tourist spots, restaurants, cafes, bars and pubs, theater and entertainment districts, subways and bus stops, outside the entrances to large concerts and sporting events, almost any zócalo in Latin America, as well as plazas, piazzas, and town squares in other regions. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel A rapid transit, underground, subway, elevated railway or metro(politan system is an electric passenger railway A bus stop is a designated place where a Public transport Bus stops for the purpose of allowing passengers to board or leave a bus A concert is a live Performance, usually of Music, before an Audience. In many cities in Mexico, a zócalo is the main plaza or square set in the heart of the town Plaza ( / latin america) is a Spanish word related to "field" which describes an open urban Public space, such as a City square. For the Brazilian footballer see Wilson da Silva Piazza For the American baseball player see Mike Piazza For the coupé car Public square and city square redirect here For Public Square Cleveland see Public Square and for City Square in Leeds see Leeds City Square. Other places include shopping malls, strip malls, and outside of supermarkets and flea markets, although permission is usually required from management for these. A shopping mall or shopping centre is a building or set of buildings that contain Retail units with interconnecting Walkways enabling visitors Customer divider barjpg|thumb|In supermarkets sellers periodically change prices for classes of goods in response to market conditions rather than negotiating the price of each good A flea market or swap meet is a type of Bazaar where inexpensive or secondhand goods are sold or bartered

Some places require a paid license, a permit, or some other form of permission to busk. The verb license or grant license means to give permission The noun license is the document demonstrating that permission Some venues that do not regulate busking may still ask performers to abide by voluntary rules. In her movie and book, Underground Harmonies: Music and Politics in the Subways of New York (Anthropology of Contemporary Issues),Susie J. Tanenbaum talks about the old adage "Music has charms to soothe the savage beast". Her studies showed that in areas where buskers regularly perform crime rates tended to go down. She also discovered that those with higher education tended to appreciate and support buskers more than those of lessor learning. Some cities are encouraging buskers because they can be a tonic to the stresses of shopping and commuting, and can be an influence which is favorable for shopkeepers. ^[3] Some cities give preference to "approved" buskers in certain captive audience areas like subway stations and even publish schedules of performances. ^[4]

Busking is still quite common in Scotland, Ireland, and England with musicians and other street performers of varying talent levels. In the United States there has been a rebirth of this artform as the new millennium has started. Buskers are found on many streets and also in the underground and at train stations.

Names

These performers have not always been called buskers. The term busking was first noted in the English language around the middle 1860s. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States The word busk comes from the Spanish root word buscar, meaning "to seek" – buskers are literally seeking fame and fortune. ^[5][6] In obsolete French it evolved to busquer for "seek, prowl" and was generally used to describe prostitutes. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Prostitution is the act of performing Sexual activity in exchange for Money. In Italian it evolved to buscare which meant "procure, gain" and in Italy buskers are called buscarsi or, more simply, Buskers (see loan word). Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. A loanword (or loan word) is a word directly taken into one Language from another with little or no translation

Around the middle 1800s, Japanese Chindonya started to be seen using their skills for advertising, and these street performers are still occasionally seen in Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Chindon'ya (チンドン屋 also called Japanese marching band, and in the old times also called tōzaiya (東西屋 or hiromeya (広目屋 or 披露目屋 Advertising is a form of Communication that typically attempts to persuade potential Customers to Purchase or to consume more of a particular Brand

From the Renaissance to the early 1900s, busking was called minstrelsy in Europe and English-speaking lands. The Renaissance (from French Renaissance, meaning "rebirth" Italian: Rinascimento, from re- "again" and nascere minstrel was a medieval European Bard who performed songs whose lyrics told stories about distant places or about real or imaginary historical events Before that, itinerant musicians were known by the French term troubadours. For the word itinerant used to describe electrons from free-electron metals see Jellium. A musician is a person who plays or writes Music. Musicians can be classified by their roles in creating or performing music An instrumentalist plays a A troubadour ( IPA:, originally) was a composer and performer of Occitan Lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100&ndash1350 In old French the term jongleurs was also used to describe buskers. In northern France they were known as trouveres. In old German buskers were known as minnesingers and spielleute. Minnesang was the tradition of lyric and Song writing in Germany which flourished in the 12th century and continued into the 14th century The term busk is also used in music when a musician has to play something quickly from scratch, by ear or at sight, as in: I'll just busk it.

Influences

An organ grinder in Vienna, with barrel organ. The organ grinder was a musical novelty street performer of the 19th century and the early part of the 20th century and refers to the operator of a Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria.

There have been performances in public places for gratuities in every major culture in the world, dating back to antiquity. A tip (also called a gratuity) is a payment made to certain Service sector workers in addition to the advertised price of the transaction Culture (from the Latin cultura stemming from colere, meaning "to cultivate" generally refers to patterns of human activity and the symbolic "Ancient" redirects here For other uses see Ancient_(disambiguation. This art form was a common means of employment for entertainers before the advent of recording and personal electronics. Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. ^[7] Prior to that, a living human being had to produce any music or entertainment, save for a few mechanical devices such as the barrel organ, the music box, and the piano roll. A barrel organ (or roller organ) is a mechanical musical instrument consisting of Bellows and one or more ranks of pipes housed in a case usually A piano roll is the music Storage medium used to operate the Player piano, pianola or a Reproducing piano. These would develop into the organ grinders and the one man band performing in public. The organ grinder was a musical novelty street performer of the 19th century and the early part of the 20th century and refers to the operator of a A one-man band is a musician who plays a number of Musical instruments simultaneously using their hands feet limbs and various mechanical contraptions

Busking is a common form of employment among some itinerant groups of the Roma people, also known as Gypsies. The Romani people (singular Rom, plural Roma as a Noun; also known as Romanies or Roma people) are an ethnic group with origins Mentions of Roma music, dancers and fortune tellers are found in all forms of song poetry, prose and lore. It is believed by many that the Roma brought the word busking to England by way of their travels along the Mediterranean coast to Spain and the Atlantic ocean and then up north to England and the rest of Europe. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The distinctive sound of Roma music has strongly influenced bolero, flamenco, and jazz in Europe. Bolero is a name given to more than one type of Latin-American music and its associated dance and song Flamenco is a Spanish term that refers both to a musical genre known for its intricate rapid passages and a dance genre characterized by its audible footwork Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States European-style Gypsy jazz is still widely practiced among the original creators (the Roma People). Gypsy jazz (also known as "Gypsy Swing" is an idiom often said to have been started by Guitarist Jean "Django" Reinhardt in the 1930s Salsa, rumba, mambo and guajira from Cuba, the tondero and marinera from Peru, mariachi music from Mexico, and even American country music have all been influenced by their plaintive vocals, mournful violins and soulful guitar. Salsa music is a diverse and predominantly Latin American Caribbean genre that is popular across Latin America and among Latinos abroad Flamenco Rumba (also called Rumba Flamenca, Rumba Gitana, Gypsy Rumba or Spanish Rumba) is a style of Flamenco Music from Mambo is a Cuban musical form and Dance style The word mambo (which means conversation with the gods) is the name of a priestess in Haitian Punto Guajiro (also called Punto Cubano) with its Andalucian origins has been evolving in Cuba since the 1700s is the country music from the The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la Tondero is a Dance and Guitar rhythm from the Peruvian north coast ( Piura - Lambayeque) Marinera is a coastal dance of Peru, generally called the "National Dance of Peru Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. MARIACHI, the Mixed Apparatus for Radar Investigation of Cosmic-rays of High Ionization, is an apparatus for the detection of Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Country music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States and the Appalachian Mountains.

Mariachis are Mexican street bands that play a specific style of music by the same name. MARIACHI, the Mixed Apparatus for Radar Investigation of Cosmic-rays of High Ionization, is an apparatus for the detection of Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR ^[8] Mariachis frequently wear ornate costumes with intricate embroidery and beaded designs, large brimmed sombreros and the short charro jackets. The term costume can refer to Wardrobe and dress in general or to the distinctive style of dress of a particular people class or period Embroidery is the Art or Handicraft of decorating fabric or other Materials with designs stitched in strands of thread or In English -speaking countries sombrero typically refers to a type of hat originating in Mexico. In Mexico charro is a term referring to a traditional Horseman or Cowboy of Mexico, originating in the State of Jalisco. Because of their great popularity many Mariachis are in mainstream entertainment doing professional gigs. Mariachi groups busk when they perform for gratuities as strolling minstrels traveling through streets and plazas, as well as in restaurants and bars.

In the USA, medicine shows proliferated in the 1800s. Similar to the fabled gypsy bands of old Europe medicine shows were traveling Horse and buggy teams which peddled miracle medications and other products between various entertainment They were traveling vendors selling elixirs and potions to improve the health. They would often employ entertainment acts as a way of making the clients feel better. The people would often associate this feeling of well-being with the products sold. After these performances they would "pass the hat". Few medicines sold at medicine shows had curative or healing properties.

Folk music has always been a dominant presence in the busking scene. Folk music can have a number of different meanings including Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous Cafe, restaurant, bar and pub busking is a mainstay of this art form. Two of the more famous folk singers are Woody Guthrie and Joan Baez. Woodrow Wilson "Woody" Guthrie (July 14 1912–October 3 1967 was an American Singer-songwriter and Folk musician Guthrie's musical legacy Joan Chandos Baez (born January 9, 1941 in Staten Island, New York) an American Folk singer and Songwriter known The delta bluesmen were mostly itinerant musicians emanating from the Mississippi Delta region of the USA around the early 1920s and on. The Delta blues is one of the earliest styles of Blues music. They spread the gospel of the blues to many.

The counterculture of the hippies of the 1960s occasionally staged "be-ins", which resemble some present-day busker festivals. Counterculture (also " counter-culture " is a sociological term used to describe the values and norms of behavior of a Cultural group, or The Hippie Subculture was originally a Youth movement that began in the United States during the early 1960s and spread around the world Bands and performers would gather at public places and perform for free, passing the hat to make money. The San Francisco Bay Area was at the epicenter of this movement — be-ins were staged at Golden Gate Park and San Jose's Bee Stadium and other venues. The San Francisco Bay Area, commonly known as the Bay Area, or the Bay, is a geographically and ethnically diverse metropolitan region that surrounds the Golden Gate Park, located in San Francisco California, is a large Urban park consisting of 1017 acres (4 Some of the bands that performed in this manner were Janis Joplin with Big Brother and the Holding Company, the Grateful Dead, Jefferson Airplane, Quicksilver Messenger Service, Country Joe and the Fish, Moby Grape, and Jimi Hendrix. Janis Lyn Joplin ( January 19, 1943  – October 4, 1970) was an American singer songwriter and music arranger from Big Brother and the Holding Company is an American rock band that formed in San Francisco in 1965 as part of the psychedelic music scene The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in the San Francisco Bay Area. Jefferson Airplane was an American rock band from San Francisco, a pioneer of the Psychedelic rock movement Quicksilver Messenger Service is an American Psychedelic rock band formed in 1965 in San Francisco and considered as a part of the city's Country Joe and the Fish was a rock band most widely known for musical protests against the Vietnam War, from 1966 to 1971. Moby Grape is an American rock group from the 1960s known for having all five members contribute to singing and songwriting and that collectively merged elements James Marshall Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix) (November 27 1942 – September 18 1970 was an American Guitarist, Singer and Songwriter The hedonistic pursuits of the hippies, including the controversial free love and illegal drug use tainted the image of busking, especially among the religious right. Hedonism is the Philosophy that Pleasure is of ultimate importance, the most important pursuit The term free love has been used since at least the nineteenth century to describe a Social movement that rejects Marriage, which is seen as a form The illegal drug trade or drug trafficking is a global Black market consisting of the cultivation manufacture distribution and sale of illegal Drugs

Christmas caroling can also be a form of busking, as wassailing included singing for alms, wassail or some other form of refreshment such as Figgy pudding. A Christmas carol (also called a Noël) is a carol ( Song or Hymn) whose lyrics are on the theme of Christmas, or the winter Wassailing is the practice of people going door-to-door singing Christmas carols In modern times it is most commonly known through reference in various traditional Christmas Wassail is a hot spiced punch often associated with Christmas Figgy pudding is a British-style Pudding resembling something like a white Christmas pudding. In Ireland the traditional Wren Boys and in England Morris Dancing can be considered part of a busking tradition. A morris dance is a form of English Folk dance usually accompanied by music

One of the latest trends is Cyber Busking. Artists post work on the Internet for people to download, and if people like it they make a donation through PayPal or snail mail. PayPal is an E-commerce business allowing payments and Money transfers to be made through the Internet. Snail mail is a derogatory Retronym — named after the Snail with its proverbially slow Speed — used to refer to letters and missives

Pitfalls

Street performers exhibiting a chained bear and a monkey.

Some people stereotype buskers as being unemployed, homeless or beggars. A stereotype (from Greek: stereo + týpos = "solid impression" is a generalized perception of first impressions behaviors presumed by a group Unemployment occurs when a person is available to work and currently seeking work but the person is without work. Homelessness is the condition and social category of people who lack housing because they cannot afford or are otherwise unable to maintain regular safe and adequate shelter "Beggar" redirects here Distinguish from Begga and Bega. Most buskers are not, and these terms are normally derogatory when referring to a busker. Words and phrases are pejorative if they imply disapproval or contempt Some people will heckle buskers and stigmatize them as such regardless of their social status. A heckler is a person who shouts a disparaging comment at a performance or event or interrupting set-piece speeches for example at a political meeting Social stigma is severe social disapproval of personal characteristics or Beliefs that are against cultural norms. In Sociology or Anthropology, social status is the honor or prestige attached to one's position in Society (one's Social position)

Conflicts and fights over pitch do happen. Career buskers may try to maintain a "right of pitch" over others. Generally it is considered first come first serve. Some buskers will send a person ahead of them to fend others off a pitch until they arrive. This practice is known as "squatting" and is greatly looked down upon by other buskers. At times, a compromise may be reached between competing buskers and a pitch will be shared on a rotational basis.

Beggars have been known to congregate around buskers trying to intercept those patrons who want to pay the busker for their services and convert the donation to themselves. The buskers refer to these types as "spongers". Beggars may also try to extort money from buskers by being obnoxious and harassing people until the busker pays them to go away. Extortion, outwresting, or exaction is a criminal offense, which occurs when a person Unlawfully obtains either money property or services Harassment refers to a wide spectrum of offensive behaviour The term commonly refers to behaviour intended to disturb or upset and when the term is used in a legal sense it refers

Buskers may find themselves targeted by thieves due to the very open and public nature of their craft. In Criminal law, theft (also known as stealing or filching) is the illegal taking of another person's Property without that person's freely-given Buskers may have their earnings, instruments or props stolen. Income, refers to consumption opportunity gained by an entity within a specified time frame which is generally expressed in monetary terms A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified for the purpose of making Music. A theatrical property, commonly referred to as a prop, is any object held or used on stage by an Actor for use in furthering the plot or story line of a Theatrical One particular technique that thieves use against buskers is to pretend to make a donation while actually taking money out instead, a practice known as "dipping" or "skimming". George Burns described his days as a youthful busker this way:^[9]

Law

A street performer in Edinburgh, Scotland

The first recorded instance of laws affecting buskers were in ancient Rome in 462 BCE. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC The Law of the Twelve Tables made it a crime to sing about or make parodies of the government or its officials in public places; the penalty was death. The Law of the Twelve Tables ( Lex Duodecim Tabularum, more informally simply Duodecim Tabulae) was the ancient Legislation that stood at the foundation ^[10][11] Louis the Pious "excluded histriones and scurrae, which included all entertainers without noble protection, from the privilege of justice". Louis the Pious (778 &ndash 20 June 840) also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was the King of Aquitaine from 781 and co-Emperor A jester, joker, jokester, fool, wit-cracker, prankster, or buffoon is a member of a profession that came into popularity Clowns are comic performers stereotypically characterized by their Grotesque appearance colored wigs stylistic makeup, outlandish Costumes unusually ^[12] In 1530, Henry VIII ordered the licensing of minstrels & players, fortune-tellers, pardoners and fencers, as well as beggars who could not work. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of If they did not obey they could be whipped on two consecutive days. ^[13]

In the United States under Constitutional Law and most European common law, the protection of artistic free speech extends to busking. Constitutional law is the study of foundational or basic Laws of nation states and other political organizations Common law refers to law and the corresponding legal system developed through decisions of courts and similar tribunals rather than through legislative statutes or executive Art refers to a diverse range of Human activities creations and expressions that are appealing to the Senses or Emotions of a human individual Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak freely without Censorship or Limitation. In the USA and most places the designated places for free speech behavior are the public parks, streets, sidewalks, thoroughfares and town squares or plazas. Public is of or pertaining to the people relating to or affecting a nation state or community opposed to private; as the public treasury a road or lake A park is a protected area of Land and Water, usually in its natural or semi-natural (landscaped state and set aside for some purpose often to do with human A street is a Public thoroughfare in the built environment It is a Public parcel of land adjoining Buildings in an urban context A sidewalk (chiefly North American English) pavement ( British English and Philadelphia dialect) footpath ( Australian English A street is a Public thoroughfare in the built environment It is a Public parcel of land adjoining Buildings in an urban context Public square and city square redirect here For Public Square Cleveland see Public Square and for City Square in Leeds see Leeds City Square. Plaza ( / latin america) is a Spanish word related to "field" which describes an open urban Public space, such as a City square. Under certain circumstances even private property may be open to buskers, particularly if the management allows or it is open to the general public and busking does not interfere with its function and it allows other forms of free speech behaviors or has a history of doing so. ^[14]

While there is no universal code of conduct for buskers, there are common law practices to which many buskers conform. Most jurisdictions have corresponding statutory law. Statutory law or statute law is written Law (as opposed to oral or Customary law) set down by a Legislature or other governing It is common law that buskers or others should not impede pedestrian traffic flow, block or otherwise obstruct entrances or exits, or do things that endanger the public. In US Law, endangerment comprises several types of Crimes involving conduct that is wrongful and reckless or wanton and likely to produce death or grievous bodily Public is of or pertaining to the people relating to or affecting a nation state or community opposed to private; as the public treasury a road or lake It is common law that most places require special permits to use electronically amplified sound and have limits on the volume of amplified sound. Sound' is Vibration transmitted through a Solid, Liquid, or Gas; particularly sound means those vibrations composed of Frequencies The volume of any solid plasma vacuum or theoretical object is how much three- Dimensional space it occupies often quantified numerically It is common law that any disturbing or noisy behaviors may not be conducted after certain hours in the night. These curfew limitations vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. It is common law that "performing blue" (i. e. using adult material that is sexually explicit or any vulgar or obscene remarks or gestures) is generally prohibited unless performing for an adults-only environment such as in a bar or pub.

In most English-speaking countries, it is common law that unless invited to do so, busking for a captive audience where people cannot move away is generally not acceptable. In some locations, like the London and New York subway platforms, preference is given to "approved" buskers but performing on the trains is not allowed. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The City of New York Throughout the rest of world, busking on public transport may be commonplace.

Busking with beer bottles in Sydney, Australia

One town in Scotland began requiring licenses for all buskers after numerous complaints about one particular busker, who repeatedly played The Archies "Sugar Sugar" on a penny whistle. Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. For the self-titled syndicated version of the 1968-1978 animated television franchise of which The Archies were a part please see The Archie Show. For the Baby Bash song see Suga Suga " Sugar Sugar " was a four week 1969 number-one hit single by fictional The tin whistle, also called the tinwhistle, whistle, pennywhistle or Irish whistle, is a simple six-holed Woodwind instrument  Other towns in the British Isles limit the licenses issued to bagpipers because of the volume and difficulty of the instrument.  Places requiring licenses for buskers also often require auditions of anyone applying for a busking license. 

In the late 1920s and early 1930s, busking had grown to be quite a controversial enterprise in New York. The country was in the midst of a horrible economic depression and many people had turned to busking as a source of income. Buskers were everywhere and fights over pitches were alarmingly common between the buskers themselves and the buskers, merchants, and vendors. Out of frustration over the complaining, fighting, and violence, Mayor Fiorello La Guardia banned busking in New York on the grounds of safety issues regarding the escalating conflicts. LaGuardia redirects here For the airport see LaGuardia Airport. Busking went on, but on a much smaller scale. If anybody complained about a busker, at their discretion the police could order the busker to move on or could even arrest him or her. In 1970 poet Allen Ginsburg challenged the constitutionality of this ban. The ban was lifted in 1970 after being found to be unconstitutional by NY Mayor Lindsay. ^[15]

Case law

United States

Street performers in clown costume

In the United States there have been numerous legal cases about regulations and laws that have decided the rights of buskers to perform in public. Case law' (also known as decisional law or judicial precedent) is that body of reported Judicial opinions in countries that have Common law A right is a legal or moral Entitlement or Permission. Rights are of vital importance in theories of Justice and deontological ethics Most of these laws and regulations have been found to be unconstitutional when challenged. Constitutional law is the study of foundational or basic Laws of nation states and other political organizations In the USA about the only reasons that can be used to regulate or ban busking behavior are public safety issues and noise issues in certain areas that require silence like hospital zones, around churches, funeral homes, cemeteries and transport terminals where announcements need to be heard. Such laws must be narrowly tailored to eliminate only the perceived evils by limiting the time, place and manner that busking may be practiced. They must also leave open reasonable alternative venues.

In the US, laws regulating or banning busking must be applied evenly to all forms of free speech. Busking cannot be prohibited in an area where other forms of free speech are not prohibited. For example if busking is regulated or banned but people are allowed to conduct free speech behavior for pickets, protests, religious, political, educational, sports or other purposes then the law is illegal. In the USA any form of regulation on artistic free speech must not be judgmental, and permits must not be so restrictive, complex, difficult or expensive to obtain that they inhibit free speech.

Puppet Bike in Chicago, Illinois

In 1979, in Goldstein v. Puppet Bike is a small Street performer group in Chicago. The bike which is complete with a fully mobile stage is a common sight on the streets of the Downtown area Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Town of Nantucket, the Town of Nantucket tried to regulate buskers as vendors, which the court did not accept as valid. ^[16].

In 1983, in Davenport v. City of Alexandria, Virginia, a judge ruled that a ban on busking and other business-related activities on the streets of the central city area was unconstitutional. Alexandria is an Independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Several courts found that there was no legitimacy to the cities allegations of safety issues that were alleged to be related to busking. ^[17]

In 1985, in Friedrich v. Chicago 619 F. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Supp. , 1129. D. C. Ill, a Chicago court ruled in favor of allowing buskers in the city. In Chicago busking was restricted in certain areas. In the decision, buskers won injunctive relief from the cities enforcement of the ban in some of the contested areas. They also obtained relief from a permit scheme on the use of amplifiers because the scheme was judgmental and at the discretion of the issuers. ^[18]

In 1996, in Bery v. New York, 97 F. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous 3d 684, 2d Cir. , visual artists won the right to sell their art. ^[19].

In 1997, in Harry Perry and Robert "Jingles" Newman v. Los Angeles Police Department, ref>U. S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, case number 96-55545. </ref> buskers won the right to perform and sell their original music CDs and tapes on the street. Local businesses had complained about the competition from street artists and tried to prohibit busking. ^[20].

In 1999, in Turley v. NYC, US 2nd Cir Appeal 98-7114 (1999), the judge ruled that New York City busking permit schemes were too complex and difficult to obtainm, and that the costs were unreasonably high. The City of New York ^[21]

In 2001, street Performers won a lawsuit in Waikiki, Hawaii, after local businesses got the city to push through an ordinance to ban busking on a very popular area, allegedly for safety reasons. Waikiki ( Hawaiian: Waikīkī ʋaikiːkiː or waikiːkiː is a neighborhood of Honolulu, in the City & County of Honolulu, on the south The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the Buskers prevailed in court by proving the safety concerns were not founded. ^[22].

In 2003, District Judge Henry Lee Adams Jr. issued an injunction barring the city of St. Augustine, Florida from enforcing a recent ordinance banning street performances on St. St Augustine is the County seat of St Johns County, Florida, in the United States. George Street. Judge Adams' order states, "Street performances are a form of expression protected by the First and Fourteenth Amendments of the United States Constitution. " Merchants got the city to ban busking for alleged safety issues. After public outcry, and a lawsuit^[23] with Judge Adams decision, St. Augustine acceded and as of March 2003 allows busking. ^[24].

In 2005, a judge rejected Seattle Center rules on buskers. Seattle Center is a fairground, Park and arts and entertainment center in Seattle Washington. "Magic Mike" Berger, a magician and balloon-twisting busker, took the Seattle Center to court and won injunctive relief and a court ordered settlement of over US $47,000. An injunction is an Equitable remedy in the form of a Court order, whereby a party is required to do or interact with in certain ways all right or to refrain from Seattle Center had some of the most liberal rules regarding busking but even they could not pass constitutional muster. The Business Improvement District formed to manage Seattle Center claimed that they had the right to manage 62 square blocks in the center of the city like private property. They wanted to limit the time, places and numbers of buskers performing. The judge rejected the regulations, pointing out that. . . "while a street performer cannot offer a meek oral request for a donation from passers by, a beggar who does not perform can solicit Seattle Center visitors with relative impunity, subject only to general criminal prohibitions on aggressive panhandling. "^[25][26]

Anecdotes

A street musician in Sevilla

• Benjamin Franklin was a busker of sorts. Benjamin Franklin ( April 17 1790 was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. He composed songs, poetry and prose about the political situation and went out in public and performed them. He would then sell printed copies of them to the public. He was dissuaded from busking by his father who convinced him the stigmas that some people attach to busking were not worth it. It was this experience that helped form his beliefs in free speech which he wrote about it in his journals. ^[27]
• Paul McCartney of the Beatles fame donned a disguise and went busking. Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE (born 18 June 1942 is an English rock Singer, Bass guitarist songwriter Composer, The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 Deception (also called beguilement or subterfuge) is the act of convincing another to believe Information that is not true or not the whole truth as in He reportedly did very well. In an interview on Britain's Radio One he revealed: "It was for a film thing (Give My Regards To Broad Street, 1984) and it was something I'd always wanted to do, so I scruffed myself up a bit, put on a false beard and shades, and went down to Leicester Square tube station. Give My Regards to Broad Street is the name of a film and soundtrack album masterminded by Paul McCartney. It was really cool. A couple of people came up and said, 'Is it you?' but I just said, 'Oh, no'. But I got a few shillings and I thought, 'This doesn't feel right,' so I gave it to charity. "^[28]
• It has also been reported that Sting has also donned a disguise and gone out busking. Gordon Matthew Thomas Sumner, CBE (born October 2, 1951) better known by his Stage name Sting, is a three time Academy Award He reportedly made £40. "He pulled a hat down over his eyes, but one woman said: 'It's Sting. ' The man behind her said: 'You silly cow. It's not him. He's a multi-millionaire. '"^[29]
• The world-famous classical violinist Joshua Bell played as an incognito street busker at the Metro station L'Enfant Plaza in Washington, D.C. on January 12, 2007. Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to mainstream music produced in or rooted in the traditions of Western liturgical and Secular music The violin is a bowed String instrument with four strings usually tuned in Perfect fifths It is the smallest and highest-pitched member Joshua David Bell (born 9 December 1967) is an American Grammy Award -winning Violinist. L'Enfant Plaza is a Washington Metro station in Washington DC Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Among 1,097 people who passed by, only one recognized him and only a couple more were drawn to his music. However, every single child who passed by attempted to stop and listen, before being hastened on by their parents. For his nearly 45 minute performance, Bell collected $32. 17 (not counting $20 from a passerby who recognized him). ^[30]
• Singer-songwriter Peter Mulvey recorded an entire album down in the Boston Subway, where he was a regular busker. Singer-songwriter is a term that refers to Performers who write, compose and sing their own material including Lyrics Peter Mulvey is an acoustic musician based out of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority ( MBTA) is "a body politic and corporate and a political subdivision" of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts In most cases, songs were recorded in one or two takes. ^[31]
• Bon Jovi has been known to take to the streets from time to time. Bon Jovi is an American Hard rock band from Sayreville New Jersey. Among the most famous Bon Jovi busks were those at London’s Covent Garden and Moscow’s Red Square. ^[32]

See also

References

External links

Press

• Striving to make music under the streets of NYC - article on Busking from MSNBC
• Busking for Stardom from LA Weekly
• Notes From the Underground - What busking could teach the music industry, from the Washington Monthly
• Teen goes from busking to starring in The New World from The London Free Press
• What this town needs is a little street music from the University of Washington's Office of News and Information (uwnews. MSNBC is a 24-hour cable television news channel based in the United States and available in Canada. LA Weekly is a free weekly Tabloid -sized Newspaper (a so-called " Alternative weekly " in Los Angeles California The Washington Monthly is a monthly Magazine of United States Politics and Government that is based in Washington D The London Free Press is a daily Newspaper based in London, Ontario, Canada. See Washington (disambiguation for other uses The University of Washington, founded in 1861, is a public research University org)
• Busking Can Pay for Travel in Europe from the Transitions Abroad magazine
• Busking their butts from the Montreal Mirror
• Buskers: Scourge or Saviours of our cities? from CLUAS Indie Music webzine

Resources

• Performers.net - articles on how to busk and a forum for those who are professional buskers.
• Busker Alley - Busker videos and more!
• Vocalist - An excellent British buskers resource page.
• Busker Central - Monster busker reference site
• Street Arts and Buskers advocacy group - part of Community Arts Advocates, Inc.
• Eurobuskers - European busking site with information, articles and forums
• Street Magic - Street magic resources, articles, and interviews for magicians who busk.
• Music Under New York - fact sheet about busking in New York City subways, as part of the MTA's "Arts for Transit" program

Festivals

• Busking Cancer Busking Cancer has been established as an annual fund raising event for Cancer Research UK (registered charity No. The New York City Subway is a Rapid transit system owned by the City of New York and leased to the New York City Transit Authority, a subsidiary agency The Metropolitan Transportation Authority ( MTA) is a Public benefit corporation responsible for Public transportation in the U 1089464). Funds are raised by the buskers themselves seeking sponsorship for the event and, of course, in the traditional busking sense.
• Ferrara Buskers Festival A non competitive parade of the best street musicians in the world. In terms of tradition and dimension it is one of the most important festival of this kind and takes place in the medieval and renaissance stage of the historical centre of an Italian town.
• Artisti in Piazza, International Buskers Festival Excellent musicians and excentric jugglers as well as actors, inventors, story tellers, painters, sculptors and acrobats will be the protagonists of one of the best European fantasy happening. It happens in Pennabilli, medieval town rare beauty in the greenest heart of Italy.
• World Buskers Festival An annual ten-day festival of busking in Christchurch, New Zealand where international buskers perform comedy/acrobatics/circus acts, most of whom have made it beyond the basic street-performer stage and into clubs and big events but wish to preserve their roots.
• Toronto BUSKERFEST An annual festival of street performers held in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, featuring performers from around the world and 350,000 spectators
• Halifax International Buskers Festival Held annually since 1987 in Halifax Nova Scotia, Canada at a number of stages set up along the community' s scenic downtown waterfront boardwalk, the festival draws tens of thousands of spectators daily each year. Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario The City of Halifax (est 1841 is the capital of the province of Nova Scotia and shire town of Halifax County Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The high popularity of fire-dancing at the festival in recent years has prompted some spectacular after-dark Fire Shows to be added outside of the regular daily performance schedule.
• Waterloo Busker Carnival held in the city of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
• Edmonton International Street Performers Festival in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
• Bangor International Busking Festival
• Banbridge BuskFest
• Dundas International Buskerfest in Dundas, Ontario, Canada
• International Festival of Street Art BuskerBus in Wrocław, Poland
• Vernasca Bascherdeis Festival A buskers parade in Vernasca, a little Italian village. Waterloo is a City in Ontario, Canada. It is the smallest of the three cities in the Regional Municipality Edmonton (ˈɛdmɨntɨn is the capital of the Canadian province of Alberta. This article refers to Dundas, a constituent community of Hamilton Ontario since 2001 in south central Ontario. Wrocław (Breslau Vratislav Vratislavia or Wratislavia Yiddish: ברעסלוי) is the chief City of the historical region of Lower Silesia Vernasca is a Comune (municipality in the Province of Piacenza in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 120 km northwest
• Street Performance World Championship Held in Dublin, Ireland every year.
• Fremantle Street Arts Festival Australia's biggest street performance festival. Held every Easter in Fremantle Western Australia. Features the best international, national and local performers.
• KL International Buskers' Festival 2006
  • Photos - KL International Buskers' Festival 2006

Other

• Streetnote - a record label that promotes street music in the USA
• Busker Du (dialup) - record street musicians from your cellphone or payphone. Automatically posts to audio blog.
• Busker Wars is an online game where the user acts out their life as a busker
• Graeco-Roman mosaic of street musicians from Cicero's villa in Pompeii, by Dioscuris of Samos