Burnley
St James Street, Burnley
Burnley shown within Lancashire
Area[1]	6. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 1 sq mi (15. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 82 km²)
Population	73,021 (2001 Census)
- Density	11,955/sq mi (4,616/km²)
OS grid reference	SD836326
- London	181 mi (290 km) SSE
District	Burnley
Shire county	Lancashire
Region	North West
Constituent country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	BURNLEY
Postcode district	BB10-12
Dialling code	01282
Police	Lancashire
Fire	Lancashire
Ambulance	North West
European Parliament	North West England
UK Parliament	Burnley
Website: Burnley Borough Council
List of places: UK • England • Lancashire

Coordinates: 53°47′20″N 2°14′53″W / 53.789, -2.248

Burnley is a large town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73,021. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology A nationwide Census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001 Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government Burnley is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire in North West England, named for its main town Burnley Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of Subdivisions of England used for the purposes of Local government outside Greater London Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The, also known as the Blackburn postcode area, is a group of postal districts around Accrington, Barnoldswick, Blackburn, Burnley The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. Lancashire Constabulary is the Home Office police force responsible for policing the ceremonial county of Lancashire in the North West England The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and The Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service is the county-wide statutory emergency fire and rescue service for the Shire county of Lancashire The North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust was formed on 1 July 2006 as part of Health Minister Lord Warner's plans to reduce the number of NHS North West England is a Constituency of the European Parliament. This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Burnley is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a list of places within the ceremonial county boundaries of Lancashire, England. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Burnley is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire in North West England, named for its main town Burnley Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland It lies 19 miles (30. 4 km) east of Preston at the confluence of the River Calder and River Brun. Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. The River Calder is a major tributary of the River Ribble starting above Burnley in Lancashire and is around 24 km / 15 miles in length The River Brun is a River in eastern Lancashire. Rising at the confluence of Hurstwood Brook (draining Wether Edge Hameldon and supplying the Hurstwood

It began life in the early medieval period as a small market town, but its main period of expansion came during the Industrial Revolution, when it became the world's largest producer of cotton cloth. Market town or market right is a legal term originating in the Medieval period for a European settlement that has the right to hold Markets The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the Today, Burnley has lost much of its industry, and is increasingly a dormitory town for Manchester, Leeds and the M65 corridor. A commuter town is an urban community that is primarily residential from which most of the Workforce commute out to earn their livelihood Leeds ( is located on the River Aire in West Yorkshire, England The M65 is a Motorway in Lancashire, England. It runs from just south of Preston through the major junction of the M6 and ^[2] The public sector is now the town's largest employer.

Contents 1 History 1.1 Origins 1.2 Industrial Revolution 1.3 Recent Times 2 Governance 2.1 Local 2.2 National 2.3 Europe 3 Geography 4 Demography 5 Transport 5.1 Road 5.2 Rail 5.3 Bus and coach 6 Economy and Industry 7 Sport 8 Culture and Nightlife 9 Media 10 Filmography 11 Education 11.1 Attainment 12 Twin Towns 13 People 13.1 Entertainment 13.2 Politics and the Church 13.3 Science and Industry 13.4 Sport 14 Notes 15 References 16 Further reading 17 External links 17.1 General information 17.2 Maps and photographs

History

Origins

Burnley's origins lie in prehistoric times, as indicated by the Stone Age flint tools and weapons that have been found on the moors around the town. Towneley Park comprises Towneley Hall a large Country house, and its surrounding estate on the outskirts of Burnley, Lancashire, England. Gawthorpe Hall, a National Trust property is an Elizabethan house situated southeast of the small town of Padiham, in the borough of Burnley The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as the National Trust, is a conservation organization in England, Wales The Leeds and Liverpool Canal is a Canal in the north of England, linking the cities of Leeds and Liverpool. The Stone Age is a broad prehistoric time period during which Humans widely used stone for toolmaking ^[3] Local place names Padiham and Habergham show the influence of the Angles, suggesting that some had settled in the area by the early seventh-century,^[4] but there is no definitive record of settlement until 1122, when a charter granted the church of Burnley to the monks of Pontefract Abbey. Padiham (ˡpædɪˌəm is a small town and Civil parish on the River Calder, about west of Burnley and south of Pendle Hill. The Angles is a modern English word for a Germanic-speaking people who took their name from the cultural ancestral region of Angeln, a modern district located in Pontefract is a Market town in West Yorkshire, England near the A1 (or Great North Road the M62 motorway, and Castleford. ^[5] In its early days, Burnley was a small farming community, gaining a corn mill in 1290, a market in 1294, and a fulling mill in 1296. A gristmill or grist mill is a building where Grain is ground into Flour, or the grinding mechanism itself ^[6] At this period, it lay within the manor of Ightenhill, one of five that made up the Honour of Clitheroe, then a far more significant settlement, and consisted of no more than 50 families. In medieval England, an honour could consist of a great lordship comprised of dozens or hundreds of manors Holders of honours (and the kings to whom they reverted Clitheroe is a town and Civil parish in the borough of Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England. ^[7] Little survives of early Burnley – the name means ‘meadow by the River Brun’ ^[8] – apart from the Market Cross, erected in 1295, which now stands in the grounds of an annexe of Burnley College. ^[9]

Over the next three centuries, Burnley grew in size to about 1,200 inhabitants by 1550, still centred around the church, St Peter’s, in what is now known as ‘Top o’ th’ Town’. Prosperous residents built larger houses, including Gawthorpe Hall and Towneley Hall, and in 1532 St Peter’s Church was largely rebuilt. Gawthorpe Hall, a National Trust property is an Elizabethan house situated southeast of the small town of Padiham, in the borough of Burnley Towneley Park comprises Towneley Hall a large Country house, and its surrounding estate on the outskirts of Burnley, Lancashire, England. ^[10] Burnley’s grammar school was founded in 1559, and moved into its own schoolhouse next to the church in 1602. A grammar school is one of several different types of School in the history of education in the United Kingdom and other English-speaking countries ^[11] Burnley began to develop in this period into a small market town. Market town or market right is a legal term originating in the Medieval period for a European settlement that has the right to hold Markets It is known that weaving was established in the town by the middle of the seventeenth-century,^[12] and in 1617 a new Market House was built. This article describes textile weaving For other senses of this word see Weaving (disambiguation. The town continued to be centred on St Peter’s Church until the market was moved to the bottom of what is today Manchester Road at the end of the eighteenth-century. ^[13]

Industrial Revolution

In the second half of the eighteenth-century, the manufacture of cotton began to replace that of wool. A cotton mill is a Factory housing spinning and Weaving Machinery Cotton was a leading sector in the Industrial Revolution, as cotton Burnley’s earliest known factories – dating from the mid-century – stood on the banks of the River Calder close to where it is joined by the River Brun, and relied on water power to drive the spinning machines, but by 1830 there were 32 steam engines in cotton mills throughout the rapidly expanding town. The River Calder is a major tributary of the River Ribble starting above Burnley in Lancashire and is around 24 km / 15 miles in length The River Brun is a River in eastern Lancashire. Rising at the confluence of Hurstwood Brook (draining Wether Edge Hameldon and supplying the Hurstwood The spinning jenny is a multi- Spool Spinning wheel. It was invented circa 1764 by James Hargreaves in Stanhill, near Blackburn Stationary steam engines are fixed Steam engines used for pumping or driving mills and factories and for power generation ^[14] By 1866, the town was the largest producer of cotton cloth in the world. ^[15] The eighteenth-century also saw the rapid development of coal mining: the drift mines and shallow bell-pits of earlier centuries were replaced by deeper shafts meeting industrial as well as domestic demand locally, and by 1800 there were over a dozen pits in the centre of the town alone. Drift mining is a method of accessing valuable geological material such as Coal, by cutting into the side of the earth rather than tunneling straight downwards (see Shaft A bell pit is a primitive method of Mining Coal where the coal lies near the surface on flat land ^[16] The first turnpike road through Burnley was begun in 1754, linking the town to Blackburn and Colne, and by the early nineteenth-century there were daily stagecoach journeys to Blackburn, Skipton and Manchester, the last taking just over two hours. A toll road, (also known as a tollway, turnpike, pike, or toll highway, especially if it is constructed to Freeway standards Blackburn ( is a large town in Lancashire, England. It lies to the north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley Colne is the second largest town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 20000 Blackburn ( is a large town in Lancashire, England. It lies to the north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley Skipton (also known as Skipton-in-Craven) is a Civil parish and historic Market town in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, ^[17] For the transportation of goods in bulk, the Leeds and Liverpool Canal arrived in 1796, and in 1848 the East Lancashire Railway Company’s extension from Accrington linked the town to the nation’s nascent railway network for the first time. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal is a Canal in the north of England, linking the cities of Leeds and Liverpool. ^[18] By 1851, the town’s population had reached almost 21,000. ^[19]

Burnley became incorporated as a municipal borough in 1861, and became, under the Local Government Act 1888, a county borough outside the administrative county of Lancashire. Municipal boroughs were a type of Local government which existed in England and Wales between 1835 and 1974 in Northern Ireland from 1840 to The Local Government Act 1888 (51 & 52 Vict c 41 was passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in 1888 and established County councils and County borough County borough is a term introduced in 1889 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (excluding Scotland) to refer to a Borough or a City But from a population of over 100,000 in 1911, the town's population has declined to today's figure,^[20] mirroring the decline in its traditional industries of textiles, mining and engineering. Under the Local Government Act 1972 Burnley's county borough status was abolished, and it was incorporated with neighbouring areas into the non-metropolitan district of Burnley. The Local Government Act 1972 (1972 c 70 is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, that reformed local government in England and Wales Burnley is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire in North West England, named for its main town Burnley

Recent Times

Burnley has lost significant portions of its traditional manufacturing base over the past twenty years.

In June 2001, the town received national attention following a series of violent disturbances arising from racial tension between elements of its white and immigrant communities. ^[21]

Governance

Burnley has three tiers of government, Burnley Borough Council and Lancashire County Council ("local"), the United Kingdom parliament ("national") and the European Parliament ("Europe"). Burnley is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire in North West England, named for its main town Burnley Lancashire County Council is the upper-tier Local authority for the Non-metropolitan county of Lancashire, England. The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories The European Parliament ( Europarl or EP) is the only directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU While the town itself is unparished, the rest of the borough has one further, bottom tier of government, the parish or town council. A Parish council is a unit of Local government in Great Britain. ^[22]

Local

Composition of Burnley Borough Council (as of May 2008)
Party		Group Leader	Seats	Change (on 2007)
	Liberal Democrat	Gordon Birtwistle	23	+5
	Labour	Julie Cooper	12	-5
	Conservative	Peter Doyle	6	0
	British National Party	Sharon Wilkinson	4	0
Total Seats			45

Burnley Borough Council has been governed since 2008 by the Liberal Democrats, led by Gordon Birtwistle. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. The British National Party (BNP is a Far-right and whites only political party in the United Kingdom. Burnley is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire in North West England, named for its main town Burnley The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the The mayor – a ceremonial post, which rotates annually – is currently Ida Carmichael (Conservative). A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. The borough comprises 15 wards, 12 of which – Bank Hall, Briercliffe, Brunshaw, Coal Clough with Deerplay, Daneshouse with Stoneyholme, Gannow, Lanehead, Queensgate, Rosegrove with Lowerhouse, Rosehill with Burnley Wood, Trinity, and Whittlefield with Ightenhill – fall within the town itself. A ward in the United Kingdom is an electoral district at subnational level represented by one or more councillors ^[23]

Lancashire County Council has been governed since 1994 by Labour. Lancashire County Council is the upper-tier Local authority for the Non-metropolitan county of Lancashire, England. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the The town is represented on the council in 6 divisions: Burnley Central East, Burnley Central West, Burnley North East, Burnley Rural, Burnley South West, and Padiham & Burnley West. In the United Kingdom (UK, each of the electoral areas or divisions called constituencies elects one or more members to a parliament or assembly ^[24]

National

The Member of Parliament for Burnley since 2005 has been Kitty Ussher (Labour), who is currently Economic Secretary to the Treasury. Burnley is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Results Overview For events leading up to the date of the election see article Pre-election day events of the United Kingdom general Katherine Anne "Kitty" Ussher (born 18 March 1971 in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire) is a politician in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the The Economic Secretary to the Treasury is the fifth and most junior ministerial post in the UK Treasury, after the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Chief Secretary ^[25]

Europe

Burnley lies within the North West England European Parliament constituency, which elects 9 MEPs by proportional representation - currently 3 Conservative, 3 Labour, 2 Liberal Democrat and 1 UKIP. North West England is a Constituency of the European Parliament. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the The United Kingdom Independence Party (commonly known as UKIP, ˈjuːkɪp ^[26]

Geography

Climate chart for Burnley
J	F	M	A	M	J	J	A	S	O	N	D
69   6 1	51   6 1	61   9 2	51   11 4	61   15 7	66   18 10	66   19 12	79   19 12	74   17 10	76   13 7	79   9 3	79   7 2
temperatures in °C • precipitation totals in mm source: www.weather.com
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     2. The River Brun is a River in eastern Lancashire. Rising at the confluence of Hurstwood Brook (draining Wether Edge Hameldon and supplying the Hurstwood 7   43 34     2   43 34     2. 4   48 36     2   52 39     2. 4   59 45     2. 6   64 50     2. 6   66 54     3. 1   66 54     2. 9   63 50     3   55 45     3. 1   48 37     3. 1   45 36 temperatures in °F • precipitation totals in inches

The town lies in a natural three-forked valley at the confluence of the River Brun and River Calder, surrounded by open fields which evolve into wild moorland at higher altitudes. In Geology, a valley (also called a vale, dale, glen or strath and near or in Appalachia, a draw) is Confluence, in Geography, describes the meeting of two or more Bodies of water. The River Brun is a River in eastern Lancashire. Rising at the confluence of Hurstwood Brook (draining Wether Edge Hameldon and supplying the Hurstwood The River Calder is a major tributary of the River Ribble starting above Burnley in Lancashire and is around 24 km / 15 miles in length There are several large parks in the town, including Towneley Park, once the deer park for the 15th-century Towneley Hall, and three winners of the Green Flag Award, including Queens Park, which hosts a summer season of brass band concerts each year, and Thompson Park, which has a boating lake and miniature railway. Towneley Park comprises Towneley Hall a large Country house, and its surrounding estate on the outskirts of Burnley, Lancashire, England. A brass band is a Musical group generally consisting entirely of Brass instruments, most often with a percussion section A ridable miniature railway (USA 'riding railroad' or ' grand scale railroad' is a ground-level large scale model railway that hauls passengers using Locomotives ^[27] The landmark RIBA-award winning Panopticon Singing Ringing Tree, overlooking the town from the hills at Crown Point, was installed in 2006. The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA is a Professional body for Architects in the United Kingdom. ' Panopticons' is an arts and regeneration project of the East Lancashire Environmental Arts Network managed by Mid Pennine Arts ^[28]

To the west of Burnley lie the towns of Padiham, Accrington and Blackburn, with Nelson and Colne to the north. Padiham (ˡpædɪˌəm is a small town and Civil parish on the River Calder, about west of Burnley and south of Pendle Hill. Accrington is a town within the Hyndburn borough of Lancashire, in North West England. Blackburn ( is a large town in Lancashire, England. It lies to the north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley Nelson is a town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England with a population of 28998 in 2001 Colne is the second largest town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 20000 To the north west of the town lies the imposing and visually dramatic Pendle Hill, home of the Pendle Witches, whose summit stands 557m (1827ft) above sea level. Pendle Hill is located in the north-east of Lancashire, England, near the towns of Burnley, Colne, Nelson and Clitheroe The Pendle witch trials of 1612 are among the most famous witch trials in English history and some of the best recorded of the 17th century To the east of the town lie the hills of the South Pennines, and to the south, the Forest of Rossendale. The South Pennines are a region of Moorland and hill country in the North of England. The Rossendale Valley is part of the Forest of Rossendale, an upland area of North West England, principally in Lancashire.

The Pennine Way passes six miles east of Burnley; the Mary Towneley Loop, part of the Pennine Bridleway, and the Burnley Way offer riders and walkers clearly-signed routes through the countryside immediately surrounding the town. The Pennine Way is a National Trail in England. The trail runs 429 kilometres (268 mi from Edale, in the northern Derbyshire The Mary Towneley Loop, is a 47  Mile (68  km) circular route which forms part of the Pennine Bridleway National Trail, along the borders The Pennine Bridleway is a new National Trail under designation in Northern England

The Leeds and Liverpool Canal passes through the town on a 60ft high embankment known as the 'Straight Mile', built between 1796 and 1801 to avoid the need for locks, and today regarded as one of the seven wonders of the British waterways. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal is a Canal in the north of England, linking the cities of Leeds and Liverpool. ^[29]

Demography

Year	Population[30]
1911	106,322
1921	103,157
1931	98,258
1939	85,400
1951	84,987
1961	80,559
1971	76,489
2001	73,021

The United Kingdom Census 2001 showed a total resident population for Burnley of 73,021. A nationwide Census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001 The town is the main population centre in the Burnley-Nelson urban area, which has an estimated population of 149,796; for comparison purposes, this is about the same size as Huddersfield, Oxford or Poole. Huddersfield ( is a large Market town within the Metropolitan Borough of Kirklees, in West Yorkshire, England, 190 miles (306km north Oxford is currently bidding for the 2010 Wikimania Conference Oxford () is a city, and the County town of Oxfordshire, Poole ( is a large coastal town and seaport in Dorset on the south coast of England ^[31]

The racial composition of the borough is 91. 77% White and 7. 16% Asian or Asian British. The largest religious groups are Christian (74. 46%) and Muslim (6. 58%). 59. 02% of adults between the ages of 16 and 74 are classed as economically active and in work. ^[32]

Transport

Road

Burnley is served by Junctions 9, 10 and 11 of the M65 motorway, which runs west to Accrington, Blackburn and Preston, and northeast to Nelson and Colne. The M65 is a Motorway in Lancashire, England. It runs from just south of Preston through the major junction of the M6 and Accrington is a town within the Hyndburn borough of Lancashire, in North West England. Blackburn ( is a large town in Lancashire, England. It lies to the north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Nelson is a town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England with a population of 28998 in 2001 Colne is the second largest town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 20000 From the town centre, the A646 runs to Todmorden, the A679 to Accrington, the A671 to Clitheroe, and the A682 – Britain's most dangerous road^[33] – south to Rawtenstall and northeast to Nelson and the Yorkshire Dales. List of A roads beginning with 6 in Great Britain starting east of the A6 and A7 roads and west of the A1. Todmorden is a Market town and Civil parish, within the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, in West Yorkshire, England List of A roads beginning with 6 in Great Britain starting east of the A6 and A7 roads and west of the A1. Accrington is a town within the Hyndburn borough of Lancashire, in North West England. The A671 is a road in the North West of England, that runs between Oldham, Greater Manchester and Worston, near Clitheroe Clitheroe is a town and Civil parish in the borough of Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England. List of A roads beginning with 6 in Great Britain starting east of the A6 and A7 roads and west of the A1. Rawtenstall (pronounced "Rottenstall" ˈrɒtənˌstɔːl or ˈrɒʔnˌstɔːl is a town at the centre of the Rossendale Valley, in Lancashire, Nelson is a town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England with a population of 28998 in 2001 The Yorkshire Dales (also known as The Dales) is the name given to an upland area in Northern England.

Rail

Rail services to and from Burnley are provided by Northern Rail. Northern Rail (often referred to simply as Northern) is a Train operating company that has operated local passenger services in the north of England The town has three railway stations, Burnley Manchester Road, Burnley Central and, on the western outskirts of the town centre, Burnley Barracks. Burnley Manchester Road is a railway station serving the town of Burnley, Lancashire. Burnley Central railway station is a station in the town of Burnley, Lancashire and is on the East Lancashire Line. Burnley Barracks railway station is on the East Lancashire Line 800 metres west of Burnley Central railway station. (A fourth station, Rose Grove, serves the Rose Grove district west of Burnley. Rose Grove railway station serves the western area of Burnley in Lancashire, England, 17 km (11 miles east of Blackburn railway station ) Manchester Road station has an hourly semi-fast service west to Preston and Blackpool North and east to Leeds and York, whilst the Central and Barracks stations provide an hourly stopping service west to Blackpool South and Preston, and east to Nelson and Colne. Preston railway station serves the city of Preston in Lancashire, England and is a major station on the West Coast Main Line. Blackpool North railway station is the terminus of the main Blackpool branch line from Preston, in Lancashire, England. Leeds railway station (often known by its official name Leeds City) is the mainline railway station serving the city centre of Leeds in West Yorkshire, This article is about a railway station in England For the similarly named subway station in Brooklyn, New York City, see York Street (IND Sixth Avenue Blackpool South railway station is a single platform stop at the end of the Fylde coast branch line from Kirkham, in Lancashire, England Nelson railway station serves the town of Nelson in Lancashire, and is situated on the East Lancashire Line 3 km (2 miles away from the terminus at Colne railway station serves the Lancashire mill town of Colne which is situated close to Pendle Hill.

Bus and coach

The main bus operator in Burnley is Burnley & Pendle, although Northern Blue operate some local and coastal services and Tyrer Bus operate some tendered town services. Transdev Burnley & Pendle is a Bus operator running within the boroughs of Burnley and Pendle, and into the surrounding areas including Accrington Transdev Northern Blue is a Bus operator running from a depot in Plumbe Street Burnley in East Lancashire it is now a subsidiary of Transdev. Other services are provided by Coastlinks Express (X27 to Southport), First (589 to Rochdale, 592 to Halifax, West Yorkshire), Lancashire United (152 to Preston), Pennine (215 to Skipton), and Rossendale Transport (483 to Bury). Southport is a seaside town on the Irish Sea coast situated within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, in England, UK. FirstGroup plc ( is a Scottish Transport company operating in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Canada, USA Rochdale is a large Market town in Greater Manchester, England Halifax is a large Market town within the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, in West Yorkshire, England, with a population of 82056 in the Transdev Lancashire United is an English Bus operator running mainly in and around the boroughs of Blackburn, Hyndburn and the Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Skipton (also known as Skipton-in-Craven) is a Civil parish and historic Market town in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, Rossendale Transport (RT is a Bus operator running within the Borough of Rossendale (including the towns of Rawtenstall, Bacup and Bury is a town in Greater Manchester, England. It lies on the River Irwell, north-northwest of the city of Manchester, west-southwest of National Express operates three coach services to London each day, and one to Birmingham. National Express Group plc ( is a UK -based Transport group with headquarters in London that operates Bus, coach, rail London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Birmingham ( ˈbɜːmɪŋəm Ber -ming-um

The town has good bus links into Manchester, compensating for the lack of a direct rail link: the X43/X44 Witch Way service (operated by Burnley & Pendle) runs from Nelson to Manchester, via Burnley and Rawtenstall, using a fleet of specially-branded double-decker buses with leather seats. Nelson is a town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England with a population of 28998 in 2001 Rawtenstall (pronounced "Rottenstall" ˈrɒtənˌstɔːl or ˈrɒʔnˌstɔːl is a town at the centre of the Rossendale Valley, in Lancashire, The fastest journeys take 59 minutes.

The town's futuristic bus station, designed by Manchester-based SBS Architects, won the UK Bus Award for Infrastructure in 2003. ^[34]

Economy and Industry

Burnley's traditional employment base has been in decline for several decades. The last deep coal mine, Hapton Valley Colliery, closed in February 1981 and the last steam-powered mill, Queen Street Mill, in 1982. Over the next two decades, Burnley's two largest manufacturers both closed their factories: Prestige in July 1997 and Michelin in April 2002. Michelin (full name SCA Compagnie Générale des Établissements Michelin) ( based in Clermont-Ferrand in the Auvergne Région ^[35][36] The town has struggled to recover: its employment growth between 1995 and 2004 placed it 55th of England's 56 largest towns and cities,^[37] and as of 2007 it was the 21st most deprived local authority (out of 354) in the United Kingdom. ^[38] 13% of its workforce currently claims incapacity benefit (national average 7%). Incapacity Benefit is a United Kingdom state benefit intended for those below the State Pension age who cannot work because of illness or disability ^[39]

The largest employment sector in the town is now public administration, education and health (31. 2%), followed by manufacturing (21. 9%). ^[40] Key manufacturing employers today are in highly specialised fields: Gardner Aerospace, Safran Aircelle and Unison Engine Components (aerospace components) and TRW Automotive (automotive components). Safran ( is a French conglomerate involved in defense, Aerospace propulsion and equipment Communications and Security. ^[41] In 2004, the Lancashire Digital Technology Centre was established on land formerly occupied by the now-closed Michelin factory to provide support and incubation space for start-up technology companies. Michelin (full name SCA Compagnie Générale des Établissements Michelin) ( based in Clermont-Ferrand in the Auvergne Région

The town's main shopping street is St James Street, onto which Charter Walk shopping centre opens. A shopping mall or shopping centre is a building or set of buildings that contain Retail units with interconnecting Walkways enabling visitors The town centre is home to a good number of major high street multiples, including Marks and Spencer, Next and W H Smith, and a healthy mix of other shops, including specialist food shops, independent record shops and an independent bookshop. Marks & Spencer Group plc (also M&S, Marks and Sparks, and Marks) is a British Retailer with 843 stores in more than 30 Next plc ( is a British clothes Retailer, with its headquarters in Enderby, Leicester. This article is about the retail chain for people of that name see William Henry Smith. A large council-run market is open six days a week. On the edge of the town centre, three retail parks house big box stores, including Currys, Focus DIY and PC World; there are also a number of mill shops. In the United Kingdom, a retail park is a grouping of many retail warehouses and superstores with associated Car parking Its North American Big-box store is a term that refers to a style of physically large Chain store, and by extension to the company behind the store Currys is an electrical Retailer in the UK and Republic of Ireland, and is owned by DSG International plc. Focus DIY is a privately owned chain of DIY stores in the UK. This article is about PC World the UK computer retailer For the British magazine Personal Computer World An outlet store or factory outlet or "Best Saving Outlet" is a retail store in which Manufacturers sell their stock directly to the public A second town centre shopping centre, 'The Oval', housing 32 further units, is scheduled for construction in 2008-2010, but has yet to secure the anchor tenant needed for the project to proceed. ^[42]

Sport

Burnley has good sporting facilities for a town of its size. The new £29m St Peter's Centre offers swimming, squash courts and a fitness suite, while the nearby Spirit of Sport complex includes a large sports hall, and several indoor courts and synthetic pitches. A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, or simply a pool, is an artificially enclosed Body of water intended for Swimming or Squash is a racquet sport that was formerly called squash racquets, a reference to the "squashable" soft ball used in the game (compared with the The word γυμνάσιον (gymnasion was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual Education of young men (see Gymnasium ^[43] There is an outdoor athletics track at Barden Lane, where the Burnley Athletic Club meets. For golfers, there are both 9 hole and 18 hole municipal golf courses at Towneley Park, along with an 18-hole pitch and putt course. Towneley Park comprises Towneley Hall a large Country house, and its surrounding estate on the outskirts of Burnley, Lancashire, England. Pitch and putt is an amateur sport similar to Golf but organized as an independent sport played and developed mainly in Ireland since the 1940s ^[44] (The private Burnley Golf Club also welcomes visiting players. ) There are tennis courts at Towneley Park, as well as at the Burnley Lawn Tennis Club, eleven bowling greens around the town,^[45] and a £235,000 skate park at Queens Park, which opened in 2003. A tennis court is where the game of Tennis is played It is a firm rectangular surface with a low net stretched across the center Bowls (also known as Lawn Bowls or Lawn Bowling) is a precision Sport in which the goal is to roll slightly radially asymmetrical Balls A skatepark is a purpose-built Recreational environment for Skateboarders to ride and develop their technique There are also basketball, caving and judo clubs in the town.

The town's sporting life is dominated by Burnley Football Club, which was founded in 1882, and has played its home matches at Turf Moor since 1883, where attendance currently averages 12,000. Burnley Football Club, nicknamed The Clarets, is a professional football club managed by Owen Coyle and based in Burnley, Lancashire Year 1882 ( MDCCCLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Turf Moor is a football stadium located in Burnley, Lancashire, and is the home ground of English football club Burnley F Year 1883 ( MDCCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common ^[46] The club was one of the 12 founder members of the Football League in 1888, and is one of only four to have held continuous membership of that league. The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs Year 1888 ( MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Nicknamed the Clarets, in 2007-08 they play in the Championship. The Football League Championship (often referred to as The Championship for short or the Coca-Cola Football League Championship for sponsorship reasons Other football clubs in the town include Burnley United and Burnley Belvedere, members of the West Lancashire Football League. History The league was formed in 1904 although 1905-06 was the first season

There are two members of the Lancashire Cricket League in the town. The Lancashire League is a competitive league of local Cricket clubs drawn from the small to middle-sized mill towns mainly but not exclusively of East Lancashire Burnley Cricket Club play their home matches at Turf Moor, on a field next to the football ground, while Lowerhouse Cricket Club play at Liverpool Road. Honours 1st XI League Winners - 14 - 1893 1897 1901 1906 1907 1908 1913 1950 1956 1964 1970 1978 1979 2006 Worsley Honours 1st XI League Winners - 1 - 2005 Worsley Cup Winners - 1 - 2004 2nd XI League Winners

Culture and Nightlife

Burnley is well-served for a town of its size. There is a 9-screen multiplex cinema in the town centre, operated by Apollo Cinemas, and a theatre called the Mechanics Institute, which plays host to touring comedians and musical acts, as well as staging amateur dramatics. For the fictional character called Megaplex see Megaplex (Transformers. Theatre (or theater, see spelling differences) is the branch of the Performing arts defined by Bernard Beckerman as what "occurs when one A second performance space, the purpose-built £1. 5m Burnley Youth Theatre, opened nearby in 2005. For art lovers, there is a small contemporary visual arts gallery, the Mid-Pennine Gallery, and - on the outskirts of Burnley - larger galleries in the town's two stately homes, Towneley Hall and Gawthorpe Hall. Towneley Park comprises Towneley Hall a large Country house, and its surrounding estate on the outskirts of Burnley, Lancashire, England. Gawthorpe Hall, a National Trust property is an Elizabethan house situated southeast of the small town of Padiham, in the borough of Burnley There are also two local museums: the town's Historical Society operates the Museum of Local History in the historic surroundings of the Weavers' Triangle, while the Queen Street Mill Textile Museum celebrates Burnley's weaving past.

Once a year, Burnley hosts the two-day Burnley National Blues Festival, one of the largest Blues festivals in the country, drawing fans from all over Britain to venues spread across the town. The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression In the 1970s, it was also an important venue for Northern Soul;^[47] several local pubs still hold regular Northern Soul nights. Northern soul is a type of mid-tempo and uptempo heavy-beat Soul music (of mainly African American origin that was popularized in Northern England from In recent years, the town has also hosted an annual balloon festival in the setting of Towneley Park. Burnley Balloon Festival is a balloon festival held in Towneley Park, Burnley. Towneley Park comprises Towneley Hall a large Country house, and its surrounding estate on the outskirts of Burnley, Lancashire, England.

Burnley has a lively nightlife, drawing clubbers from all over the north-west. The town is dominated by the club Lava Ignite; other major bars and nightclubs include Fusion (electro, retro, ghetto, house and techno), Calamity Jane's (cowboy-themed), Smackwater Jacks, Isabar, Posh, The Hellbound Rockclub @ Graffiti Club and Sanctuary Rock Bar. A cowboy is an animal Herder who tends Cattle on Ranches in North America, traditionally on horseback and often performs a multitude of Burnley has a small gay scene, centred on the Guys as Dolls bar (previously the Garden Bar) in St James Street. There are also chain-owned bars, such as Wetherspoons and Walkabout. J D Wetherspoon plc (commonly referred to as Wetherspoons or Spoons) is a British Pub chain, founded by Tim Martin in 1979 Walkabout is a chain of Australian themed bars operating in the UK.

The local brewery, Moorhouse's, was founded in 1865, and currently operates six pubs in the area, while more Bénédictine is drunk in one local working men's club, the Burnley Miners Club, than anywhere else in the world, after a local regiment stationed in Normandy during World War I brought back a taste for the drink. Moorhouse's is an independent Brewery founded in 1865 by William Moorhouse in Burnley in Lancashire, England as a producer of Mineral Bénédictine is an Herbal Liqueur Beverage produced in France. Working men's clubs are a type of private social club founded in the 19th century in industrial areas of Great Britain, particularly the North of England Normandy (Normandie Norman: Normaundie) is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All ^[48]

Media

Local radio for Burnley and its surrounding area is currently provided by 2BR and BBC Radio Lancashire. 2BR is a commercial radio station in East Lancashire. It broadcasts from studios in the Lomeshaye Industrial Estate in Nelson. A third, community station, Burnley Community Radio, is presently awaiting the results of its application for a five-year licence from Ofcom. Community radio is a type of Radio service that caters to the interests of a certain area broadcasting material that is popular to a local audience but is overlooked by more The Office of Communications (Y Swyddfa Gyfathrebiadau or as it is more often known Ofcom is the independent regulator and competition authority for the Communication

There are two local newspapers: the Burnley Express, published on Tuesdays and Fridays, and the daily Lancashire Telegraph, which publishes a local edition for Burnley and Pendle. The Burnley Express is a Newspaper for the town of Burnley England and its local area The Lancashire Telegraph, formerly the Lancashire Evening Telegraph, is a local tabloid newspaper distributed in East Lancashire. Pendle is a local government district and Borough of Lancashire, England, on the North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire borders

Filmography

Parts of the film Whistle Down the Wind (1961) and the television series All Quiet on the Preston Front and Juliet Bravo were filmed in the town. Bradshaw Gass & Hope is an English firm of architects founded in 1862 by Jonas James Bradshaw (1837-1912 Whistle Down the Wind is a 1961 British Film, directed by Bryan Forbes, screenplay by Keith Waterhouse and Willis Hall All Quiet On The Preston Front was a BBC Comedy drama about a group of friends in the fictional Lancashire town of Roker Bridge, and Juliet Bravo was a British Television series which ran between 1980 and 1985 (For example, Burnley Fire Station was the location of Social Services in the first series of Juliet Bravo, and Burnley public library was used for exterior shots of the Magistrates Court in the same series. )

Education

A grammar school for boys was first founded in St Peter's Church in 1559, its first headmaster a former chantry priest, Gilbert Fairbank. A grammar school is one of several different types of School in the history of education in the United Kingdom and other English-speaking countries Chantry is the English term for the establishment of an institutional Chapel on private land or within a greater church where a priest would chant masses In 1602, one of the governors, John Towneley, paid for a new schoolhouse to be built in the churchyard;^[49] the school moved again in 1876 to a new building on Bank Parade, which can still be seen today. ^[50] The equivalent school for girls, Burnley Girls' High School, was established in 1909 on a site in Ormerod Road,^[51] and relocated on Kiddrow Lane in the 1960s.

The borough moved to comprehensive education in 1981,^[52] and today has five 11-16 secondary schools:

• Blessed Trinity RC College
• Hameldon Community College
• Shuttleworth College
• Sir John Thursby Community College
• Unity College

These opened in September 2006 as part of the first wave of a nationwide 10-15 year programme of capital investment funded by the Department for Education and Skills called Building Schools for the Future. A comprehensive school is a Secondary school and State school for children from the age of 11 to at least 16 that does not select children on the basis of academic Blessed Trinity RC College is a mixed 11-16 Comprehensive school in Burnley, Lancashire, England, with specialist status as a Humanities Hameldon Community College is a mixed 11-16 Comprehensive school in Burnley, Lancashire, England, with specialist status as a Business Shuttleworth College is a mixed 11-16 Comprehensive school in Burnley, Lancashire. Sir John Thursby Community College is a mixed 11-16 Comprehensive school in Burnley, Lancashire. For other Unity Colleges please see the disambiguation page Unity College. The Department for Education and Skills (DfES was a United Kingdom government department between 2001 and 2007 The schools currently occupy the buildings of Burnley's seven previous secondary schools; over the next four years all are to be completely rebuilt. Burnley Schools' Sixth Form, which forms a sixth element of the BSF programme, offers sixth form provision on the site of the former Barden High School.

Burnley College is the borough's main tertiary education provider, offering vocational and professional training, adult education, and a small number of degree courses, as well as some GCSE courses and a full range of A levels. Tertiary education, also referred to as third stage third level and' post-secondary education', is the educational level following the completion of a school providing A vocation is an occupation for which a person is suited trained or qualified Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults A degree is any of a wide range of status levels conferred by institutions of Higher education, such as universities, normally as the result of successfully completing The General Certificate of Secondary Education ( GCSE) is the name of an academic qualification awarded in a specified subject generally taken in a number of subjects by The A-level, short for Advanced Level, is a General Certificate of Education qualification in England, Northern Ireland and Wales, It is scheduled to move to a new £70million campus off Princess Way in September 2009.

Attainment

The town's educational attainment is below the national average at all levels. In 2007, 72% of children at the end of Key Stage 2 achieved at least Level 4 in English (national average 80%), and 70% in Mathematics (national average 77%). Key Stage 2 is the legal term for the four years of schooling in maintained schools in England and Wales normally known as Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 and Year 6 when pupils are aged between ^[53] At the end of Key Stage 3, the figures achieving at least Level 5 were 66% in English (national average 74%), and 66% in Mathematics (national average 76%). Key Stage 3 is the legal term for the three years of schooling in maintained schools in England and Wales normally known as Year 7 Year 8 and Year 9 when ^[54] 41. 1% of students at the end of Key Stage 4 achieved at least 5 A*-C grades at GCSE (national average 62. Key Stage 4 is the legal term for the last two years of compulsory schooling in maintained schools in England, Wales and Northern Ireland - normally known 0%). ^[55] Three of the town's five secondary schools are currently in the bottom 5% nationally for adding value between the end of Key Stage 2 and the end of Key Stage 4;^[56] two of the five schools are currently in special measures. Special measures is a status applied by Ofsted and Estyn, the schools inspection agencies to schools in England and Wales (Respectively ^[57]

Twin Towns

Burnley is twinned with:

• Vitry-sur-Seine (since 1958)
• Jhelum (since 2007) – unofficial^[58]

People

Entertainment

Probably the best-known Burnley figure in the field of entertainment is actor and gay rights activist Sir Ian McKellen,^[59] who was born in the town in 1939. Vitry-sur-Seine is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. Jhelum or Jehlum ( Urdu: جہلم) is a city in northern Punjab Province Jhelum District, Pakistan. Sir Ian Murray McKellen, CH, CBE (born 25 May 1939 is an English stage and screen actor the Other actors born in the town include Julia Haworth^[60] (Coronation Street), Richard Moore^[61] and Lisa Riley^[62] (Emmerdale), Alice Barry^[63] and Jody Latham^[64] (Shameless), and film actor Lee Ingleby. Julia Louise Haworth (born 27 July 1979 in Burnley, Lancashire, England) is an English Actress best known Coronation Street (commonly known as 'Corrie' is an award-winning Soap opera created by Tony Warren Richard Moore is an English actor known for playing Jarvis Skelton on ITV 's Emmerdale from 2002 - 2005. Lisa Riley (born June 13 1975 in Bury, Greater Manchester is an English Actress and Television presenter best known for playing the role Emmerdale, known as Emmerdale Farm until 1989 is a British Soap opera that has aired on ITV since 1972 Alice Barry (born 1950 Burnley, Lancashire, England) is an English actress Jody Lee Latham (born 1 January 1982 in Burnley) is an English Actor and Television presenter, best known for his role Shameless is a BAFTA award-winning British Comedy drama Television series set in the fictional Chatsworth Estate (the choice Lee Ingleby (born 28 January 1976 is a British Film, Television, and stage Actor. ^[65] Paul Abbott,^[66] creator of Shameless, is another native of the town. Paul Abbott (born 22 February 1960 in Burnley, Lancashire) is a BAFTA award-winning English Television Television producer and executive Peter Salmon^[67] was also born in Burnley. Peter Salmon (born May 15, 1956) is a British Television producer and executive

Musicians born in the town include Danbert Nobacon, Alice Nutter, Lou Watts and Boff Whalley (Chumbawamba),^[68] as well as classical composer John Pickard. Danbert Nobacon, real name Nigel Hunter was vocalist and keyboard player of the Leeds based Anarchist band Chumbawamba, but was born in Burnley Chumbawamba are an English band who began their career playing Anarcho-punk, but over a 25-year career have gone on to play music ranging from pop -influenced Lou Watts is a member of British anarchist band Chumbawamba.She is one of several female singers in the band along with Alice Nutter and Jude Abbot. Boff Whalley (real name Allan Mark Whalley, born 1961 Burnley, Lancashire) is the lead Guitarist for the band Chumbawamba are an English band who began their career playing Anarcho-punk, but over a 25-year career have gone on to play music ranging from pop -influenced John Pickard (born 11 September, 1963) is a British classical Composer. ^[69]

The nineteenth-century author and clergyman Silas Hocking^[70] wrote his most famous work, Her Benny (1879), while living in Burnley. Silas Kitto Hocking ( March 24, 1850 – September 15, 1935) was an English Novelist and Methodist preacher Crime writer Stephen Booth is another native of the town. Stephen Booth is a British crime-writer born in 1952 in Burnley, Lancashire UK ^[71]

Politics and the Church

Shahid Malik,^[72] Labour MP for Dewsbury, Phil Willis,^[73] Liberal Democrat MP for Harrogate & Knaresborough, and Sir Vincent Fean,^[74] HM Ambassador to Libya, were born in Burnley, as were James Yorke Scarlett,^[75] commander of the Heavy Brigade at the Battle of Balaclava, and the sixteenth-century Catholic martyr Robert Nutter. Shahid Malik (born November 24, 1967 Burnley) is British Member of Parliament George Philip Willis (born November 30 1941, Burnley) is a politician in the United Kingdom General Sir James Yorke Scarlett, GCB, (1799-1871 was the son of the 1st Baron Abinger, was a British general and hero of the Crimean The Battle of Balaclava, fought on 25 October 1854, was a key battle during the Crimean War, fought between the allied forces of the United Kingdom Robert Nutter (b at Burnley, Lancashire, c 1550 executed at Lancaster, 26 July[[ 600]] was an English Catholic martyr ^[76]

Science and Industry

Engineer Willis Jackson^[77] was born and educated in the town. Willis Jackson Baron Jackson of Burnley ( 29 October 1904 &ndash 17 February 1970) was a British technologist and electrical

Sport

Burnley's sporting figures include England and Lancashire cricketer James Anderson,^[78] England and Everton Women's goalkeeper Rachel Brown,^[79] Pakistan and Tranmere midfielder Adnan Ahmed,^[80] Bury FC manager Chris Casper,^[81] Commonwealth Games Gold Medal-winning gymnast Craig Heap,^[82] and Neil Hodgson, 2003 World Superbike champion. James Michael "Jimmy" Anderson (born 30 July 1982 in Burnley Lancashire) is an international English Cricketer He plays First-class Rachel Brown (born July 2 1980) is an English footballer, currently playing as Goalkeeper for Everton Ladies and Adnan Farooq Ahmed ( Urdu:) (born June 7, 1984 in Burnley, England) is a professional footballer who is currently playing Bury Football Club is an English association football team based in Bury, Greater Manchester. Christopher Martin "Chris" Casper (born 28 April 1975, Burnley, Lancashire) is an English football manager The Commonwealth Games is a multinational Multi-sport event. Held every four years it involves the elite athletes of the Commonwealth of Nations. Craig Heap (born in Burnley, England) is a retired Commonwealth Games Gold medal winning Gymnast who has represented England Neil Hodgson (born in Burnley, Lancashire) is a Motorcycle racer who won the 2000 British Superbike championship and the 2003 Superbike Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. The Motorcycle Safety Foundation groups motorcycles into the following three separate classes street, off-road, and dual-sport. ^[83] Ron Greenwood,^[84] former manager of the England football team, was born in nearby Worsthorne. Ronald 'Ron' Greenwood CBE ( 11 November 1921 — 9 February 2006) was an English football player and manager The English national football team represents England in international football and is controlled by The Football Association, the governing body for football Worsthorne is a rural village on the eastern outskirts of Burnley in Lancashire, England.

Notes

References

• Mike Barratt, Ian McKellen: An Unofficial Biography, Virgin Books, 2006 ISBN 0-7535-1074-X
• Steve Chapples, General Scarlett: The Burnley Hero of Balaclava, Arncliffe Press, 2006
• Brian Hall, Burnley: A Short History, Burnley Historical Society, 2002
• Brian Hall & Ken Spencer, Burnley: A Pictorial History, Phillimore, 1993 ISBN 0-85033-866-2
• Guy Rickards, 'Icarus Soaring: The Music of John Pickard' in Tempo, n. s. , 201 (July 1997), pp. 2-5
• Kev Roberts, Northern Soul Top 500, Goldmine Publications, 2000 ISBN 0-9539-2910-8

Further reading

• Walter Bennett, The History of Burnley, 4 vols. , Burnley Corporation, 1946-1951
• Ken Bolton & Roger Frost, Burnley, Francis Frith, 2006 ISBN 1-84589-131-7
• Mike Townend, Burnley, Tempus Publishing, 2004 ISBN 0-7524-1566-2
• Mike Townend, Burnley Revisited, Tempus Publishing, 2006 ISBN 0-7524-3996-0

External links

General information

• Burnley Borough Council Official council site
• Visit Burnley Official tourism site

Maps and photographs

• Burnley in 1890 | Old Ordnance Survey Maps
• Burnley in 1910 | Old Ordnance Survey Maps
• Burnley in 1953-55 | Old Ordnance Survey Maps
• Burnley in 2007 | Photographs of Burnley town centre and surrounding area
• Burnley in 2007 | Photographs of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal in Burnley

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