| Armed Forces of Germany Bundeswehr |
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|---|---|
 Bundeswehr logo |
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| Founded | November 12, 1955 |
| Current form | October 2, 1990 |
| Service branches | Heer (Army) Marine (Navy) Luftwaffe (Air Force) Streitkräftebasis (Joint Support Service) Zentraler Sanitätsdienst (Central Medical Services) |
| Headquarters | Bonn |
| Leadership | |
| Commander-in-Chief | Minister Franz-Josef Jung [1] Chancellor Angela Merkel (in the case of defense) [2] |
| Minister of Defense | Franz-Josef Jung |
| Chief of staff | General Wolfgang Schneiderhan |
| Military age | 17 |
| Conscription | 9 months |
| Available for military service |
18,917,537 (2005 est. Events 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) The German Army (Deutsches Heer heɐ) is the land component of the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany. An army (from Latin Armata "act of arming" via Old French armée) in the broadest sense is the land-based Armed forces The German Navy ( Deutsche Marine ( is the Navy of Germany and part of the Bundeswehr (German Armed Forces ( German 'luftvafe is a generic German term for an Air force. An air force, also known in some countries as an air army or historically an army air corps, is in the broadest sense the national military or armed service Streitkräftebasis (Joint Support Service SKB is a branch of the German Bundeswehr established in October 2000 as a result of major reforms of the Central Medical Services is the English translation of the German Zentraler Sanitätsdienst (in short Sanitätsdienst) which is the term Bonn is the 19th largest city in Germany. Located about 20 kilometres south of Cologne on the river Rhine in the Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia Franz Josef Jung (born 5 March 1949) is a German Politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU. (ˈaŋɡela doʁoˈteːa ˈmɛɐ̯kəl (born Angela Dorothea Kasner, 17 July 1954 in Hamburg, West Germany) is the Chancellor of Germany. Franz Josef Jung (born 5 March 1949) is a German Politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU. ), age 17–49 |
| Fit for military service |
15,258,931 (2005 est. ), age 17–49 |
| Reaching military age annually |
497,048 (2005 est. ) |
| Active personnel | 250,000 |
| Expenditures | |
| Percent of GDP | 1. 3% (FY06) |
The Bundeswehr (German for "Federal Defence Force"; listen ) is the name of the unified armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany and their civil administration and procurement authorities. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. For the military meaning see Armed forces. For the Soviet sports society see Armed Forces (sports society Armed Forces Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. German states are not allowed to maintain armed forces of their own as constitutional law prescribes that matters of defense fall into the sole responsibility of the federal government[3]. Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular
Contents |
General information
The Bundeswehr is divided into the military part (armed forces /Streitkräfte) and the civil part with the armed forces administration (Wehrverwaltung), the federal bureau of procurement (Bundesamt für Wehrtechnik und Beschaffung) and the federal bureau for information management and information technology of the Bundeswehr (Bundesamt für Informationsmanagement und Informationstechnik der Bundeswehr - short: IT-AmtBw). The military part the federal defense force consists of Army (Heer), Navy (Marine), Air Force (Luftwaffe), Joint Support Service (Streitkräftebasis), and Central Medical Services (Zentraler Sanitätsdienst) branches. An army (from Latin Armata "act of arming" via Old French armée) in the broadest sense is the land-based Armed forces The German Army (Deutsches Heer heɐ) is the land component of the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany. The German Navy ( Deutsche Marine ( is the Navy of Germany and part of the Bundeswehr (German Armed Forces An air force, also known in some countries as an air army or historically an army air corps, is in the broadest sense the national military or armed service ( German 'luftvafe is a generic German term for an Air force. Streitkräftebasis (Joint Support Service SKB is a branch of the German Bundeswehr established in October 2000 as a result of major reforms of the Central Medical Services is the English translation of the German Zentraler Sanitätsdienst (in short Sanitätsdienst) which is the term
The Bundeswehr has 200,500 professional soldiers, 55,000 18 to 25 year-old conscripts who serve for at least nine months under current rules [4], and 2,500 active reservists at a given time. The number of civilian employees is to be reduced to 75,000 during the coming years. Roughly 300,000 reservists are available to the Armed Forces and participate in defense exercises as well as abroad deployments.
Women have served in the medical service since 1975. In 2000, in a lawsuit brought up by Tanja Kreil, the European Court of Justice issued a ruling allowing women to serve in more roles than previously allowed. Tanja Kreil is a German electrician notable for filing a lawsuit against the Bundeswehr ( Germany 's Armed forces) with European Court of Justice This article refers to the European Union court not the European Court of Human Rights of the Council of Europe The Court of Justice Since 2001 they can serve in all functions of service without restriction, but they are not subject to conscription. There are presently around 14,500 women on active duty and a number of female reservists who take part in all duties including peacekeeping missions and other operations. Peacekeeping, as defined by the United Nations, is "a way to help countries torn by conflict create conditions for sustainable peace Two female medical officers have been promoted to a General rank so far.
History
The Cold War period 1955-1990
Germany had been without its own armed forces since the Wehrmacht was dissolved in the years following World War II. Wehrmacht (literally "defense force" was the name of the unified Armed forces of Germany from 1935 to 1945 World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Some smaller forces continued to exist as Border guard or naval minesweeping units, but not as a national defence force. Border Guard, Border Patrol, Border police, or Frontier police is a National security agency that performs Border control, i The responsibility for the security of Germany as a whole rested with the four Allied Powers: the U. In general allies are people groups or nations that have joined together in an association for mutual benefit or to achieve some common purpose S. , the UK, France, and the Soviet Union. Germany was completely demilitarised and any plans for a German military were forbidden by Allied regulations.
There was a discussion between the United States, the United Kingdom, and France over the issue of a revived German military. In particular, France was reluctant to allow Germany to rearm in light of recent history. However, after the project for a European Defence Community failed in the French National Assembly in 1954, France agreed to West German accession to NATO and rearmament. The European Defense Community ( EDC) was a plan proposed in 1950 by René Pleven, the French President of the Council (name of Prime Ministers till 1958 in response The North Atlantic Treaty
With growing tensions between the Soviet Union and the West especially after the Korean War, this policy was to be revised. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the While the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) was already secretly rearming, the seeds of a new West German force started in 1950, when former high ranking German officers were tasked by chancellor Konrad Adenauer to discuss the options for West German rearmament. The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state Konrad Hermann Josef Adenauer ( 5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967 was a German Statesman. The results of a meeting in the monastery of Himmerod formed the conceptual base to build the new armed forces in West Germany. Himmerod Abbey ( Kloster Himmerod) is a Cistercian monastery in the community of Großlittgen in the Verbandsgemeinde of Manderscheid The "Amt Blank" (Bureau Blank, named after its director Theodor Blank), the predecessor of the later Federal Ministry of Defence, was formed the same year to prepare the establishment of the future forces. Hasso von Manteuffel, a former general of the Wehrmacht and liberal politician, submitted the name Bundeswehr for the new forces. Hasso-Eccard Freiherr von Manteuffel ( January 14, 1897 &mdash September 24, 1978) was a German soldier and liberal politician of This name was later confirmed by the German Bundestag.
The Bundeswehr was officially established on the 200th birthday of Scharnhorst on 12 November 1955. Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst ( 12 November 1755 - 28 June 1813) was a General in Prussian service Chief Events 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) After an amendment of the Basic Law in 1955, West Germany became a member of NATO. The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany (Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland is the Constitution of Germany. The North Atlantic Treaty In 1956, conscription for all men between the ages of 18 and 45 was introduced, later augmented by a civil alternative with longer duration (see Conscription in Germany). Conscription (also known as the draft, the call-up or national service) is a general term for involuntary labor demanded by some established authority Germany has Conscription ( Wehrpflicht) for male citizens stated in the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany. In parallel, East Germany formed its own military force, the Nationale Volksarmee (NVA) which was eventually dissolved with the reunification of Germany in 1990. The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state History The creation of the National People’s Army on March 1, 1956, six months after the formation of the West German Bundeswehr, followed years German reunification (Deutsche Wiedervereinigung took place twice after 1945 first in 1957 the Saarland was permitted to join the Federal Republic of Germany Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar)
During the Cold War the Bundeswehr was the backbone of NATO's conventional defense in Central Europe. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the It had a strength of 495,000 military and 170,000 civilian personnel. The Army consisted of three corps with 12 divisions, most of them heavily armed with tanks and APCs. The Air Force owned significant numbers of tactical combat aircraft and took part in NATOs integrated air defence (NATINAD). The Navy was tasked and equipped to defend the Baltic Approaches, to provide escort reinforcement and resupply shipping in the North Sea and to contain the Soviet Baltic Fleet. The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
Unification of West and East Germany 1990
After reunification of Germany in 1990, the Bundeswehr was reduced to 370,000 military personnel in accordance with the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany between the two German governments and the Allies (2+4 Treaty). The Treaty on the Final Settlement With Respect to Germany, (or the Two Plus Four Agreement) was negotiated in 1990 between the Federal Republic of Germany The former East German Nationale Volksarmee (NVA) was disbanded. History The creation of the National People’s Army on March 1, 1956, six months after the formation of the West German Bundeswehr, followed years A small portion of its personnel and material were absorbed into the Bundeswehr.
About 50,000 Volksarmee personnel were integrated into the Bundeswehr on 2 October 1990. History The creation of the National People’s Army on March 1, 1956, six months after the formation of the West German Bundeswehr, followed years WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) This figure was rapidly reduced as conscripts and short-term volunteers completed their service. A number of senior officers (but no generals or admirals) received limited contracts for up to two years to continue daily operations. Personnel remaining in the Bundeswehr were awarded new contracts and new Bundeswehr ranks, dependent on their individual qualification and experience. Many received and accepted a lower rank than previously held in the Volksarmee. These were seen as demotions by critics.
In general, the unification process of the military - under the slogan "Armee der Einheit"/"Army of Unity" - is publicly seen as a major success and an example for other parts of the society.
With the reduction, a large amount of the military hardware of the Bundeswehr, as well as of the Volksarmee, had to be disposed of. A majority of armored vehicles and fighter jet aircraft were dismantled under international disarmament procedures. Ships were scrapped or sold, often to the Baltic states and Indonesia, the latter receiving 39 former Volksmarine vessels of various types. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia.
Mission
The role of the Bundeswehr is described in the German Basic Law (Art. The German Army (Deutsches Heer heɐ) is the land component of the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany. The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany (Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland is the Constitution of Germany. 87a) as defensive only. Its only 'active' role before 1990 was the "Katastropheneinsatz" (disaster control operation), where the Bundeswehr helped after natural disasters. After 1990, the international situation had changed from East-West-confrontation to general uncertainty and instability. Today, after a ruling of the Federal Constitutional Court in 1994 the term "defense" has been defined to not only include protection of the borders of Germany, but also crisis reaction and conflict prevention - or more broadly as guarding the security of Germany anywhere in the world. Security is the condition of being protected against danger loss and criminals According to the definition given by former Defence Minister Struck, it may be necessary to defend Germany even at the Hindu Kush. The Hindu Kush is a Mountain range located between Afghanistan and Pakistan. This requires the Bundeswehr to take part in operations outside of the borders of Germany, as part of NATO or the European Union and mandated by the UN. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security
Organization and command structure
With the growing number of missions abroad it was recognized that the Bundeswehr required a totally new command structure. A reform commission under the chairmanship of the former Federal President Richard von Weizsäcker presented its recommendations in spring 2000. Richard Karl Freiherr von Weizsäcker (born April 15 1920) is a German politician ( CDU)
In October 2000 the Joint Support Service, the Streitkräftebasis, was established to concentrate logistics and other supporting functions such as military police, supply and communications under one command. Medical support was reorganized with the establishment of the Central Medical Services. Central Medical Services is the English translation of the German Zentraler Sanitätsdienst (in short Sanitätsdienst) which is the term
The combat forces of the Army are organized into five combat divisions and participate in multi-national command structures at the corps level. A division is a large Military unit or formation usually consisting of around ten to thirty thousand soldiers This article is about a military unit For alternative meanings see Corps (disambiguation. The Air Force maintains three divisions and the Navy is structured into two flotillas. The Central Medical Services and the Joint Support Service are each organized into four regional commands. All of these services also have general commands for training, procurement, and other general issues. The Joint Support Service and the Central Medical Services are both organized in four regional commands of identical structure.
The minister of defense or the chancellor is supported by the Chief of defense (CHOD, Generalinspekteur) and the service chiefs (Inspekteure) and their respective staffs in his or her function as commander-in-chief. The Inspector General of the Bundeswehr ( German: Generalinspekteur der Bundeswehr (GenInspBw) is the highest-ranking military post in the German Federal Armed The CHOD and the service chiefs form the Military Command Council (Militärischer Führungsrat) with functions similar to those of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in the United States. The Joint Chiefs of Staff ( JCS) is a group comprising the Chiefs of service of each major branch of the Armed services in the United States armed forces The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Subordinate to the CHOD is the Armed Forces Operational Command (Einsatzführungskommando). For smaller missions one of the service HQs (e. g. the Fleet Command) may exercise command and control of forces in missions abroad. The term parliamentary army is often used when German troops are committed to operations abroad, as Bundestag members must approve each and every deployment by a simple majority. This has led to some discontentment with Germany's allies about troop deployments e. g. in Afghanistan since parliamentary consent over such issues is relatively hard to achieve in Germany.
The Bundeswehr in general is still among the world's most technologically advanced and best-supplied militaries, as befits Germany's overall economic prosperity and infrastructure. Its budget is, however, steadily shrinking and among the lowest military budgets in NATO in terms of share of GDP.
Operations
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Since the early 1990s the Bundeswehr has become more and more engaged in international operations in and around the former Yugoslavia, and also in other parts of the world like Cambodia or Somalia. Central Medical Services is the English translation of the German Zentraler Sanitätsdienst (in short Sanitätsdienst) which is the term The Feldjäger are the Military police of the Bundeswehr, Germany's armed forces See also Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian The Kingdom of Cambodia ( formerly known as Kampuchea (, transliterated: Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchea) is a country in South East Somalia ( Soomaaliya; الصومال) officially the Somali Republic ( Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, جمهورية الصومال) and formerly known After the September 11, 2001 attacks, German forces were employed in most related theaters except Iraq. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics.
Currently (November 26, 2007) there are Bundeswehr forces in:
- Afghanistan
- ISAF
- 3,600 personnel
- (mandate limit: 3,500)
- Kosovo
- KFOR
- 2,230 personnel
- (mandate limit: 8,500)
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- EUFOR (former SFOR)
- 340 personnel
- (mandate limit: 2,400)
- since 2 December 2004 under European Union Command
- Georgia
- UNOMIG
- 12 personnel
- Ethiopia and Eritrea
- UNMEE
- 2 personnel
- Horn of Africa/Indian Ocean
- Enduring Freedom
- 250 personnel
- (mandate limit: 1,400)
- Frigate
- Maritime Patrol Aircraft
- Mediterranean Sea
- Active Endeavour
- 0 personnel
- Sudan
- Coast of Lebanon
- UNIFIL II
- 830 personnel
- (mandate limit: 1,400)
The actual number of troops serving in an abroad deployment complies with the requirements of the current security situation. Events 43 BC - The Second Triumvirate alliance of Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus ("Octavian" later "Caesar Augustus" Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, International Security Assistance Force (10 ( ISAF) is a NATO -led security and development mission in Afghanistan established by the United Nations The Kosovo Force ( KFOR) is a NATO -led international force responsible for establishing a safe and secure environment in Kosovo, the self-proclaimed independent Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Latin script: Bosna i Hercegovina, Cyrillic script: Босна и Херцеговина is a country on the Balkan EUFOR or European Union Force is a term used to describe European Union military deployments and has been used four times so far in FYROM from March 2003 to December The Stabilisation Force (SFOR was a NATO -led multinational force in Bosnia and Herzegovina which was tasked with upholding the Dayton Agreement. Events 1409 - The University of Leipzig opens 1755 - The second Eddystone Lighthouse is destroyed by fire "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in Georgia ( საქართველო, Sakartvelo) is a Transcontinental country in the Caucasus region situated at the dividing line between NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page Eritrea () ( Ge'ez: ኤርትራ ʾErtrā, Arabic: إرتريا Iritriya) officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in The United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea ( UNMEE) was established in July 2000 to monitor a Ceasefire in the border war that began in 1998 The Horn of Africa (alternatively Northeast Africa, and sometimes Somali Peninsula; shortened to HOA) is a Peninsula in East Africa The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's Oceanic divisions covering about 20% of the water on the Earth 's surface Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF is the official name used by the U For the bird see Frigatebird. A frigate /ˈfrɪgɪt/ is a warship Operation Active Endeavour is a naval operation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Sudan (officially the Republic of Sudan) ( السودان al-Sūdān is a country in northeastern Africa. The United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS was established by the UN Security Council under UN Security Council Resolution 1590 of 24 March 2005 The United Nations African Union Mission in Darfur ( UNAMID) is a joint African Union and United Nations peacekeeping mission formally approved Lebanon (ˈlɛbənɒn Arabic: ar لبنان Lubnān) officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic (ar الجمهورية اللبنانية United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701 is a resolution intended to resolve the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict. For the bird see Frigatebird. A frigate /ˈfrɪgɪt/ is a warship A Fast Attack Craft (FAC (Schnellboot is a small (100 to 400 Tonnes, fast (up to ca A minesweeper is a Naval Warship designed to counter the threat posed by Naval mines The dedicated purpose-built minesweeper first appeared during List of ships Gallery In addition to the numbers above, 40 soldiers are permanently on stand-by for medical evacuation operations around the world in assistance of ongoing German or coalition operations (STRATAIRMEDEVAC).
In support of Allied stabilization efforts in Iraq, the Bundeswehr is also training the new Iraqi forces in locations outside Iraq, such as the United Arab Emirates and Germany.
Since 1994, more than 60 soldiers have died in abroad deployments, about 20 through hostile activity.
Traditions
Former German military organisations have been the old German state armies, the Reichswehr (1921-1935) and the Wehrmacht (1935-1945). The Reichswehr ( German for "National Defence" formed the military organisation of Germany from 1919 until 1935 when it was Wehrmacht (literally "defense force" was the name of the unified Armed forces of Germany from 1935 to 1945 The Bundeswehr, however, does not consider itself as their successor and does not follow the traditions of any former German military organisation. The word tradition comes from the Latin traditionem acc of traditio which means "a giving up delivering up surrendering" and is used in a number of The official Bundeswehr traditions are based on three major lines:
- the defence reformers at the beginning of the 19th century such as Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, and Clausewitz
- the members of the military resistance against Hitler such as Claus von Stauffenberg and Henning von Tresckow
- its own tradition since 1955
As its symbol the Bundeswehr uses a form of the Iron Cross. Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst ( 12 November 1755 - 28 June 1813) was a General in Prussian service Chief August Wilhelm Antonius Graf Neidhardt von Gneisenau ( 27 October 1760 &ndash 23 August 1831) was a Prussian Field marshal Carl Philipp Gottlieb von Clausewitz (ˈklaʊzəvɪts ( July 1, 1780 – November 16, 1831) was a Prussian soldier military historian Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately Claus Philipp Maria Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg ( 15 November 1907 &ndash 21 July 1944) was a German army officer Henning von Tresckow Henning Hermann Robert Karl von Tresckow ( January 10 1901 &ndash July 21 1944) was a Major General in the For other meanings please see Iron Cross (disambiguation The Iron Cross ( was a Military decoration of the Kingdom of Prussia The Iron Cross has a long history, having been awarded as a military wartime decoration for all ranks since 1813, and earlier associated with the Teutonic knights. Year 1813 ( MDCCCXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Teutonic Order is a German Roman Catholic religious order. The name Bundeswehr was proposed by the former Wehrmacht general and liberal politician Hasso von Manteuffel. Hasso-Eccard Freiherr von Manteuffel ( January 14, 1897 &mdash September 24, 1978) was a German soldier and liberal politician of
One of the most visible traditions is the Großer Zapfenstreich, a form of military tattoo that goes back to the landsknecht era. The de '''Großer Zapfenstreich''' ("Grand Tattoo" is a military Ceremony performed in Germany and Austria. A military tattoo is a military drum performance It dates from the seventeenth century when the British Army was fighting in the Low Countries ( Belgium Landsknechts (singular Landsknecht, German plural Landsknechte, sometimes also in English publications were European most often German, Mercenary Another expression of the traditions in the German armed forces is the ceremonial vow (Gelöbnis) of recruits, during basic training. The Reichswehreid and from August 1934 Führereid was the name for three different versions of the Oath of allegiance of the German Forces called Annually on July 20, the date of the assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler by Wehrmacht officers in 1944, recruits of the Wachbataillon vow at the Bendlerblock, where the officers had their headquarters. Events 1304 - Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle - King Edward I of England takes the last rebel stronghold Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately The Wachbataillon (full name "Wachbataillon beim Bundesministerium der Verteidigung (WachBtl BMVg" (Guard battalion at the Ministry of Defence is the German The Bendlerblock is a building in Berlin, located in the Stauffenbergstraße (originally named 'Bendlerstrasse' south of the The wording of the ceremonial vow of conscripts is:
- "I pledge to loyally serve the Federal Republic of Germany and to bravely defend the law and the freedom of the German people. "
Professional soldiers and officers of the Bundeswehr have to swear an oath with the same wording, but beginning with "Ich schwöre, . . . " ("I swear. . . ").
Transformation
According to the new threat scenario facing Germany and its allies, the Bundeswehr is currently reorganising itself. To realise growth in mobility and the enlargement of the air force's capabilities, the Bundeswehr is going to buy 60 A400M transporters as well as 180 EF2000 fighters and also several UAV models. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV is an unpiloted Aircraft. UAVs can be remote controlled or fly autonomously based on pre-programmed flight plans or more complex dynamic For the ground forces it is currently developing a land soldier system and a new generation of transportation vehicles and light tanks, such as the Fennek, the Boxer MRAV, KMW Grizzly or the Puma (IFV). Infanterist der Zukunft is the German Bundeswehr 's program as part of the Future Soldier project The Fennek, named after the fennec (a small species of desert Fox) or LGS Fennek, with LGS being short for Leichter Gepanzerter Spähwagen The Boxer is a German - Dutch multirole Armoured fighting vehicle designed to accomplish a number of operations The KMW Grizzly is a new medium weight highly protected vehicle developed by Krauss-Maffei Wegmann (KMW designed for operation with the German Army based The Puma is a German Infantry fighting vehicle, currently in the pre-production stage Further, the German Navy is going to receive five new Braunschweig class corvettes, the new F125 class frigates and two more Type 212 submarines. Technical details They feature reduced radar and infrared signature (" stealth " beyond the Sachsen class frigate) and should have been equipped with Development At the beginning of the 1990s the German Navy was seeking a replacement for the Type 206 submarines Initial study started on a Type 209
References
See also
External links
- Bundeswehr - Official site (in German)
- Federal Ministry of Defence official site (in German, English and French)
- Bundesamt für Wehrtechnik und Beschaffung official site (in German)
- Bundesamt für Informationsmanagement und Informationstechnik der Bundeswehr official site (in German)
- Territoriale Wehrverwaltung official site (in German)
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