A bulbul tarang (or Indian banjo) is a string instrument from India and Pakistan. A string instrument (or stringed instrument) is a Musical instrument that produces Sound by means of Vibrating strings In the Hornbostel-Sachs India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Its name literally means "waves of nightingales".
The instrument employs two sets of strings, one set for drone, and one for melody. The melody strings run under a key plate with keys similar to those of a piano or, more often, typewriter. The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers A typewriter is a mechanical or Electromechanical device with a set of "keys" that when pressed cause characters to be printed on a medium Depressing the keys as the strings are plucked or strummed activates stops on the key plate which shorten the strings and changes their pitch.
The melody strings are commonly tuned to the same note, or in octaves, while the drone strings are tuned to the 1st and 5th of the melody strings. Tuned in this manner, the instrument is uni-tonic, or unable to modulate to new keys. In Music, modulation is most commonly the act or process of changing from one key ( tonic, or tonal center) to another The melody strings may be tuned to different pitches if desired, however, rendering it multi-tonic, but more difficult to play. The bulbul tarang is most commonly played as accompaniment to singing.
The Indian version is sometimes known as the "Indian Banjo" or "Japan Banjo"; in Japan it is known as the "Taisho Koto".
The instrument has found its way into western music, including recordings by Henry Threadgill and Air, and in the Brooklyn experimental band Polygraph Lounge. It is featured on two recordings by the seminal post-modern jug band Washboard Jungle: "Old Joe Clark" and "Boutros Boutros-Ghali".