| Brunswick Records | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Parent company | Brunswick Records |
| Founded | 1916 |
| Distributing label | Koch Entertainment (In the US) |
| Genre | Historic: Various Current: Soul music |
| Country of origin | US |
| Official website | http://brunswickrecords.com/ |
Brunswick Records is a United States based record label. Koch Entertainment LP is a North American entertainment company with offices in New York, Nashville, and Toronto. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Soul music is a Music genre that combines Rhythm and blues and Gospel music, originating in the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the In the Music industry, a record label can be a Brand and a Trademark associated with the Marketing of music recordings and Music The label is currently distributed by Koch Entertainment. Koch Entertainment LP is a North American entertainment company with offices in New York, Nashville, and Toronto.
Contents |
History
From 1916
Records under the "Brunswick" label were first produced by the Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company (a company based in Dubuque, Iowa which had been manufacturing products ranging from pianos to sporting equipment since 1845). The Brunswick Corporation, formerly known as the Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company, is a United States -based Corporation that has been involved in Dubuque is a city in the US State of Iowa, located along the Mississippi River. The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers Year 1845 ( MDCCCXLV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The company first began producing phonographs in 1916, then began marketing their own line of records as an after-thought. The phonograph, or gramophone, was the most common device for playing recorded Sound from the 1870s through the 1980s Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year These first Brunswick Records used the vertical cut system like Edison Records Discs, and were not sold in large numbers. Edison Records was the first Record label, pioneering Recorded sound and an important player in the early Record industry. They were recorded in the US but sold only in Canada.
In January of 1920, a new line of Brunswick Records were introduced in the US and Canada that employed the lateral cut system that was then becoming the default cut for 78 disc records. Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar A gramophone The parent company marketed them extensively, and within a few years Brunswick became one of the USA's Big Three record companies, along with Victor and Columbia Records. Victrola redirects here For other uses see Victrola (disambiguation The Victor Talking Machine Company ( 1901 – 1929 Columbia Records is an American Record label founded in 1888 Columbia is the oldest surviving Brand name in pre-recorded sound being the first record company The Brunswick line of home phonographs were also commercially successful.
In late 1924, Brunswick acquired the Vocalion Records label. Year 1924 ( MCMXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Vocalion Records was a Record label historically active in the United States and in the United Kingdom.
Audio fidelity of early 1920s acoustically recorded Brunswicks is above average for the era. They were pressed into good quality shellac, although not as durable as that used by Victor. Shellac is the commercial resin marketed in the form of amber flakes made from Lac, the secretion of the family of lac-producing insects though most commonly from the In the spring of 1925 Brunswick introduced its own version of electrical recording (licenced from General Electric) using photoelectric cells, which Brunswick eventually called the "Light-Ray Process" . Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Introduction When a Metallic surface is exposed to Electromagnetic radiation above a certain threshold Frequency, the light is absorbed and Electrons These early electric Brunswicks have a rather harsh distinctive equalization which does not compare well to early electric Columbias and Victors, and the company's logbooks from 1925-27 show many recordings that were unissued for technical reasons having to do with the GE system's electronic and sonic inconsistencies.
Once Brunswick's engineers had tentative control of their new equipment, the company expanded its popular music recording activities dramatically, exploiting its impressive roster of stars to the utmost: the dance bands of Isham Jones, Ben Bernie, and Abe Lyman, banjoist Harry Reser and his various ensembles (especially the Six Jumping Jacks), and most famously the legendary Al Jolson (whose record labels modestly proclaimed him "The World's Greatest Entertainer With Orchestra"). Isham Jones ( 31 January, 1894 &ndash 19 October, 1956) was a United States bandleader violinist bassist and Songwriter Ben Bernie ( May 30, 1891, Bayonne New Jersey - October 23, 1943) born Bernard Anzelevitz, was an American Jazz Abe Lyman (August 4 1897 - October 23 1957 was a popular bandleader from the 1920s to the 1940s Harry F Reser ( 17 January 1896 – 27 September 1965) was an American Banjo player and bandleader Al Jolson (May 26 1886 October 23 1950 born in Lithuania, Russian Empire, was a highly acclaimed American singer comedian and actor and the first openly Brunswick also embarked on an ambitious domestic classical recording program, recording the New York String Quartet, the Cleveland Orchestra under Nikolai Sokoloff (who had been recording acoustically for Brunswick since 1924), and in a tremendous steal from Victor, the New York Philharmonic with conductors Willem Mengelberg and Arturo Toscanini. The Cleveland Orchestra, located in Cleveland, Ohio is one of the major symphony Orchestras in the United States. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Nikolai Sokoloff ( 28 May 1886 &ndash 25 September The New York Philharmonic is the oldest active Symphony Orchestra in the United States, organized during 1842 Joseph Willem Mengelberg ( 28 March 1871 &ndash 21 March 1951) was a Dutch conductor. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Arturo Toscanini (ɑrˈturɔ ˌtɔskɑˈnini (March 25 1867 &ndash January The popular records, which used small performing groups, were tricky enough to make with the photoelectric cell process; symphony orchestra recording, however, exacerbated the problems of the "Light-Ray" system to new levels. Very few of the orchestra records were approved for issue and those that did appear on the market often combined excellent performances with embarrassingly execrable sound. Therefore Brunswick found it expedient and ultimately cheaper to contract with European companies (whose electrical recording systems were more reliable than Brunswick's) to fill their electrical classical catalogue. Among the recordings Brunswick imported and issued under their own label were historic performances conducted by Hans Pfitzner and Richard Strauss -- the latter conducting critically-acclaimed performances of his symphonic poems Don Juan and Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks, recorded in Berlin in 1929-30 by Parlophone. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Hans Erich Pfitzner ( May 5, 1869 &ndash May 22, Richard Georg Strauss (11 June 1864 &ndash 8 September 1949 was a German Composer of the late Romantic era and early modern era particularly noted Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Parlophone is a Record label, founded in Germany in 1896 by the Carl Lindström Company. Some of these recordings have been reissued on CD.
Brunswick itself switched to a more conventional microphone recording process in 1927, with better results all round. Prior to this, however, they had introduced the Brunswick Panatrope, the first home phonograph that reproduced records electrically. This met with critical acclaim, and composer Ottorino Respighi selected the Brunswick Panatrope to play a recording of bird songs in his composition The Pines of Rome. For the astronomer see Lorenzo Respighi (1824—1889 For the crater named after Lorenzo Respighi see Respighi (crater. Bird vocalization includes both Bird calls and bird songs In non-technical use bird songs are the bird sounds that are melodious to the human ear Pini di Roma ( English “Pines of Rome” is a 1924 work by the Italian Composer Ottorino Respighi, and is considered
Jack Kapp became record company executive of Brunswick in 1930. Jack Kapp was a record company executive with Brunswick Records who founded Decca Records in 1934
In April 1930, Brunswick-Balke-Collender sold Brunswick Records to Warner Brothers, who hoped to make their own soundtrack recordings for their sound-on-disc Vitaphone system. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Warner Bros Entertainment Inc (or Warner Bros, Warner Bros Pictures) is one of the world's largest producers of Film and Vitaphone was a Sound film process used on features and nearly 2000 Short subjects produced by Warner Bros A number of interesting recordings were made by actors during this period, featuring songs from musical films. Actors signed up to make recordings included Noah Beery, Charles King, and J. Noah Beery ( January 17 1882 – April 1 1946) was an American actor Charles King may refer to Charles King (composer, English composer and musician of the 17th and 18th century Harold Murray. During this period they also signed Bing Crosby, who was to become their biggest recording star. Harry Lillis “Bing” Crosby ( May 3, 1903 &ndash October 14, 1977) was an Academy Award winning American Popular When Vitaphone was abandoned in favor of sound-on-film systems -- and record industry sales plummeted due to the Great Depression--Warners leased Brunswick to the American Record Corporation (ARC) in December 1931. Sound-on-film refers to a class of Sound film processes where the sound accompanying picture is physically recorded onto photographic film usually but not always the same The American Record Corporation, often known as ARC Records or simply ARC, was a United States based Record company. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
In 1932, the British branch of Brunswick was acquired by Decca Records. Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. Decca Records is a British Record label established in 1929 by Edward Lewis.
Since 1939
In 1939, the American Record Corp. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. was bought by the Columbia Broadcasting System for $750,000, which discontinued the label in 1940. CBS Broadcasting Inc ( CBS) is an American radio and Television network. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This, along with the lower than agreed-upon production numbers, violated the Warners lease agreement, resulting in the Brunswick trademark being transferred to American Decca (Which WB had a financial interest in), along with all masters recorded up to December 1931. Rights to recordings from late December 1931 on were retained by CBS/Columbia. Columbia Records is an American Record label founded in 1888 Columbia is the oldest surviving Brand name in pre-recorded sound being the first record company
In 1944, Decca revived the Brunswick label, mostly for reissues of recordings from earlier decades, particularly Bing Crosby's early hits of 1931 and jazz items from the 1920s. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
After World War II, American Decca releases were issued in the United Kingdom on the Brunswick label until 1968 when the MCA Records label was introduced in the UK. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. MCA Records was an American -based record company owned by MCA Inc During the war, British Decca sold its American branch.
In the 1950s, American Decca made Brunswick its leading Rock and Roll label, featuring artists such as Buddy Holly. "Reet Petite (The Sweetest Girl in Town" (original subtitle The Finest Girl You Ever Want To Meet) is a song made popular by Jackie Wilson. Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African Charles Hardin "Buddy" Holley (September 7 1936 – February 3 1959 was an American Singer-songwriter and a pioneer of Rock and roll. Holly was transferred to co-owned Coral Records. For the label that owned Coral Records see Decca Records. In the latter part of the 1950s and into the 1960s, it was primarily used for African-American acts with Jackie Wilson its only major recording star. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa Jack Leroy "Jackie" Wilson Jr ( June 9, 1934 &ndash January 21, 1984) was an American singer Jackie Wilson's manager Nat Tarnopol, who was also an executive with the label, acquired 50% interest in Brunswick from Decca in 1964. Nat Tarnopol (1931–1987 played a vital role in producing and shaping R&B music throughout the 1960s and 1970s as the president and owner of Brunswick Records. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Tarnopol acquired the rest of Brunswick from Decca in 1970 to settle disputes with Decca management. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Legal problems caused Brunswick to become dormant by 1981 in which Tarnopol licensed Brunswick recordings from 1957 onward. Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) The Tarnopol family only claims ownership of Brunswick recordings since Tarnopol joined Brunswick in 1957. Decca parent company Universal Music controls the Decca era pre-Tarnopol Brunswick recordings. Universal Music Group (UMG is the largest Business group and family of Record labels in the Recording industry. The Decca-era Brunswick jazz catalogue is managed by Verve Records. Verve Records is an American Jazz Record label now owned by the Universal Music Group. The official Brunswick Records web site has a detailed history of the Tarnopol-era Brunswick Records.
Brunswick Today
Today, Brunswick is run by president and CEO Paul Tarnopol, Nat's son. The Brunswick catalog is currently distributed by Koch Entertainment. Koch Entertainment LP is a North American entertainment company with offices in New York, Nashville, and Toronto. Many of the recordings, supervised by producer Carl Davis in Chicago, which established Brunswick as a major force in R&B/soul music in the 60s and 70s have been re-mastered and re-issued in recent years. Soul music is a Music genre that combines Rhythm and blues and Gospel music, originating in the United States. Davis formed sister label Dakar Records in 1967. Dakar Records (1967-1976 was a record label started by Carl Davis in 1967 while employed at Brunswick Records. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Dakar was first distributed by Atlantic Records, then by Brunswick in 1972 after Brunswick became an independent label. Atlantic Records ( Atlantic Recording Corporation) is an American Record label best known for its many recordings of Rhythm & blues, Rock Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Brunswick and Dakar artists include the Chi-Lites, Tyrone Davis, Barbara Acklin, Young-Holt Unlimited, as well as Jackie Wilson.
See also
External links
- Official site
- Brunswick Records: From Brunswick to Warner Bros., Decca, et. al.
- History of Brunswick and Vocalion
- Both Sides Now page on Brunswick's history and LP catalogue
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