Bruce Medal - Citizendia

The Catherine Wolfe Bruce Gold Medal is awarded every year by the Astronomical Society of the Pacific for outstanding lifetime contributions to astronomy. The Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP is a scientific and educational organization founded in San Francisco in 1889. Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study It is named after Catherine Wolfe Bruce, an American patroness of astronomy, and was first awarded in 1898. Catherine Wolfe Bruce ( January 22, 1816 &ndash March 13, 1900, New York was a noted American philanthropist and patroness of astronomy Patronage is the support encouragement privilege and often financial aid given by a person or an organization

See also: Bruce Medalists

Past laureates are:

The year 1898 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Simon Newcomb ( March 12 1835 &ndash July 11 1909) was a Canadian American Astronomer and Mathematician The year 1899 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Georg Friedrich Julius Arthur von Auwers ( September 12 1838 &ndash January 24 1915) was a German Astronomer The year 1900 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Sir David Gill FRS ( 12 June 1843 &ndash 24 January 1914) was a Scottish astronomer who is known for measuring astronomical distances The year 1902 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Honors and Awards Awards Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1872 Bruce Medal (1902 Named The year 1904 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Sir William Huggins, OM, FRS ( February 7 1824 &ndash May 12 1910) was an English Astronomer The year 1906 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Hermann Carl Vogel ( April 3 1841 &ndash August 13 1907) was a German Astronomer. The year 1908 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Edward Charles Pickering ( July 19 1846 – February 3 1919) was an American Astronomer and Physicist, brother The year 1909 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below George William Hill ( March 3, 1838 &ndash April 16, 1914) was a U The year 1911 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Jules Henri Poincaré ( 29 April 1854 &ndash 17 July 1912) (ˈʒyl ɑ̃ˈʁi pwɛ̃kaˈʁe was a French Mathematician The year 1913 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn, ( January 19, 1851 &ndash June 18, 1922) was a Dutch astronomer, best known for his extensive The year 1914 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Johan Oskar Backlund ( April 28 1846 &ndash August 29 1916) was a Swedish - Russian Astronomer. The year 1915 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below William Wallace Campbell ( April 11 1862 &ndash June 14 1938) was an American Astronomer. The year 1916 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below George Ellery Hale ( June 29 1868 &ndash February 21 1938) was an American solar Astronomer, born in Chicago The year 1917 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Edward Emerson Barnard ( December 16, 1857 – February 6, 1923) was an American Astronomer. The year 1920 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Ernest William Brown ( November 29 1866 &ndash July 22 1938) was an English Mathematician and Astronomer, who The year 1921 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Henri Alexandre Deslandres ( July 24, 1853 &ndash January 15, 1948) was a French Astronomer, director of the Meudon The year 1922 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Sir Frank Watson Dyson FRS ( January 8 1868 &ndash May 25 1939) was an English Astronomer who is remembered The year 1923 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Édouard Benjamin Baillaud ( February 14, 1848 &ndash July 8, 1934) was a French Astronomer. The year 1924 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington, OM (28 December 1882 – 22 November 1944 was an English Astrophysicist of the early 20th century The year 1925 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Henry Norris Russell ( October 25, 1877 &ndash February 18, 1957) was an American Astronomer who along with Ejnar The year 1926 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Robert Grant Aitken ( December 31 1864 &ndash October 29 1951) was an American Astronomer. The year 1927 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Herbert Hall Turner ( August 13 1861 &ndash August 20 1930) was a British Astronomer and Seismologist. The year 1928 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Walter Sydney Adams ( December 20 1876 &ndash May 11 1956) was an American Astronomer. The year 1929 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Frank Schlesinger ( May 11 1871 &ndash July 10 1943) was an American Astronomer. The year 1930 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Maximilian Franz Joseph Cornelius Wolf ( June 21 1863 – October 3 1932) was a German Astronomer, a pioneer of Astrophotography The year 1931 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Willem de Sitter ( May 6 1872 &ndash November 20 1934) was a Dutch mathematician physicist and astronomer The year 1932 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below John Stanley Plaskett ( November 17 1865 &ndash October 17 1941) was a Canadian Astronomer. The year 1933 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Carl Vilhelm Ludwig Charlier ( April 1 1862 &ndash November 5 1934) was a Swedish Astronomer. The year 1934 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Alfred Fowler ( March 22 1868 Yorkshire &ndash June 24 1940) was an English Astronomer. The year 1935 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Vesto Melvin Slipher ( November 11, 1875 &ndash November 8, 1969) was an American Astronomer. The year 1936 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Armin Otto Leuschner ( January 16 1868 &ndash April 22 1953) was an American Astronomer and educator The year 1937 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Ejnar Hertzsprung ( October 8, 1873, Copenhagen &ndash October 21, 1967, Roskilde) was a Danish chemist The year 1938 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Edwin Powell Hubble ( November 20, 1889 – September 28, 1953) was an American astronomer. The year 1939 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Harlow Shapley ( November 2 1885 &ndash October 20 1972) was an American Astronomer. The year 1940 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Frederick Hanley Seares ( May 17, 1873 &ndash July 20, 1964) was an American Astronomer. The year 1941 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Joel Stebbins ( July 30 1878 &ndash March 16 1966) was an American Astronomer who pioneered Photoelectric The year 1942 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Jan Hendrik Oort ( April 28, 1900 &ndash November 5, 1992) was a Dutch Astronomer. The year 1945 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below The year 1946 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Paul Willard Merrill ( August 15 1887 &ndash July 19 1961) was an American Astronomer whose specialty was Spectroscopy. The year 1947 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Bernard Ferdinand Lyot ( February 27 1897 in Paris &ndash April 2 1952 in Cairo) was a French Astronomer The year 1948 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Not to be confused with his grandfather Otto Wilhelm von Struve (1819 &ndash 1905 ---- Otto Struve ( August 12 1897 – The year 1949 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Sir Harold Spencer Jones KBE ( March 29 1890 Kensington, London &ndash November 3 1960) was an English See also Other events of 1950 Alfred Harrison Joy ( September 23, 1882, Greenville Illinois - April 18, 1973, Pasadena California) was an Astronomer The year 1951 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert ( 12 February 1893 &ndash 26 October 1970) was a Belgian Astronomer. The year 1952 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Padma Vibhushan Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, FRS ( Tamil: சுப்பிரமணியன் சந்திரசேகர் English ˌtʃʌndrəˈʃeɪkɑr( The year 1953 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Harold Delos Babcock ( January 24 1882 &ndash April 8 1968) was an American Astronomer, and the father of Horace W The year 1954 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Bertil Lindblad ( Örebro November 26 1895 &ndash Saltsjöbaden (outside Stockholm) June 25 1965) was a Swedish The year 1955 in Science and Technology included many events some of which are listed below Biography Along with Fritz Zwicky, he proposed that Supernovae could create Neutron stars He took advantage of wartime blackout conditions during The year 1956 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Albrecht Otto Johannes Unsöld ( April 20, 1905 &ndash September 23, 1995) was a German Astrophysicist known for his contributions The year 1957 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Ira Sprague Bowen ( December 21, 1898 &ndash February 6, 1973) was an American Astronomer. The year 1958 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below William Wilson Morgan ( January 3 1906 &ndash June 21 1994) was an American Astronomer. The year 1959 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren ( January 21 1908 &ndash July 4 1987) was a Danish astronomer and astrophysicist The year 1960 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Victor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian (Վիկտոր Համբարձումյան, Tbilisi &ndash August 12, 1996, Byurakan) was a Soviet The year 1961 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Rudolph Minkowski (born Rudolf Leo Bernhard Minkowski) ( May 28 1895 &ndash January 4 1976) was a German-American Astronomer The year 1962 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Grote Reber ( December 22, 1911 &ndash December 20, 2002) was an amateur astronomer and pioneer of Radio astronomy. The year 1963 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Seth Barnes Nicholson ( November 12, 1891 – July 2, 1963) was an American Astronomer. The year 1964 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Otto Hermann Leopold Heckmann ( June 23 1901 &ndash May 13 1983) was a German astronomer The year 1965 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Martin Schwarzschild ( May 31 1912 &ndash April 10 1997) was a German American Astronomer. The year 1966 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Dirk Brouwer ( Sep 1 1902, Rotterdam &ndash Jan 31 1966, New Haven) was a Dutch - American Astronomer The year 1967 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Ludwig Franz Benedict Biermann (Born on March 13 1907 in Hamm &ndash January 12 1986 in München) was a German The year 1968 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Willem Jacob Luyten ( Mar 7 1899, Semarang &ndash Nov 21 1994, Minneapolis) was a Dutch - American The year 1969 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Horace Welcome Babcock ( September 13 1912 &ndash August 29 2003) was an American Astronomer. The year 1970 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Sir Fred Hoyle FRS ( 24 June, 1915 &ndash 20 August, 2001) was an English Astronomer primarily The year 1971 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Jesse Leonard Greenstein ( October 15 1909 &ndash October 21 2002) was an American Astronomer. The year 1972 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Iosif Samuilovich Shklovsky ( Ио́сиф Самуи́лович Шкло́вский) ( Glukhov, Ukraine, July 1 1916 &ndash The year 1973 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Lyman Strong Spitzer Jr ( June 26, 1914 &ndash March 31, 1997) was an American theoretical physicist. The year 1974 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Sir Martin Ryle ( September 27, 1918 - October 14, 1984) was an English radio astronomer who developed revolutionary The year 1975 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Allan Rex Sandage (born June 18 1926 in Iowa City Iowa) is an American Astronomer. The year 1976 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Ernst Julius Öpik ( October 23, 1893 – September 10, 1985) was a notable Estonian astronomer and astrophysicist who spent the last The year 1977 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Bart Jan Bok ( Hoorn, April 28 1906 &ndash Tucson, August 5 1983) was a Dutch - American Astronomer The year 1978 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Hendrik Christoffel "Henk" van de Hulst ( Utrecht, Nov 19 1918 &ndash Leiden, Jul 31 2000) was a Dutch The year 1979 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below William Alfred "Willie" Fowler ( August 9, 1911 &ndash March 14, 1995) was an American Astrophysicist. The year 1980 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below George Howard Herbig (born January 2 1920) is an Astronomer at the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy. The year 1981 in Science and Technology involved many significant events listed below Riccardo Giacconi (born October 6, 1931) is an Italian-born American Nobel Prize -winning Astrophysicist. The year 1982 in Science and Technology involved many significant events listed below Margaret Burbidge FRS (born August 12, 1919 in Davenport) is an English Astrophysicist, noted for original research and holding many The year 1983 in Science and Technology involved many significant events as listed below Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich (Яков Борисович Зельдович ( March 8, 1914 &ndash December 2, 1987) was a prolific Soviet The year 1984 in Science and Technology involved some significant events Olin Chaddock Wilson ( January 13, 1909 &ndash July 13, 1994) was an American Astronomer best known for his work as a stellar The year 1985 in Science and Technology involved many significant events listed below Thomas George Cowling ( June 17 1906 &ndash June 16 1990) was an English Astronomer. The year 1986 in Science and Technology involved many significant events some listed below Fred Lawrence Whipple ( November 5, 1906 – August 30, 2004) was an American Astronomer. The year 1987 in Science and Technology involved many significant events some listed below Edwin Ernest Salpeter (born December 3 1924) is an Austrian-Australian-American Astrophysicist. The year 1988 in Science and Technology involved many significant events some listed below This article is on the astronomer John Bolton For other people named "John Bolton" see John Bolton (disambiguation. The year 1989 in Science and Technology involved many significant events some listed below Adriaan Blaauw (born April 12 1914, Amsterdam) is a Dutch Astronomer. The year 1990 in Science and Technology involved many significant events some listed below Charlotte Emma Moore Sitterly ( September 24 1898 &ndash March 3 1990) was an American Astronomer. The year 1991 in Science and Technology involved many significant events some listed below Donald Edward Osterbrock ( July 13, 1924 - January 11, 2007) was an American Astronomer, best known for his work on The year 1992 in Science and Technology involved many significant events some listed below Maarten Schmidt (born December 28 1929) is a Dutch Astronomer who measured the distances of astronomical objects called Quasars The year 1993 in Science and Technology involved many significant events listed below Martin John Rees Baron Rees of Ludlow, OM, PRS (born 23 June 1942 in York) is an English cosmologist The year 1994 in Science and Technology involved many significant events listed below Wallace Leslie William Sargent (born 1935 is an American Astronomer. The year 1995 in Science and Technology involved many significant events listed below Philip James Edwin Peebles (born April 25 1935) is a Canadian - American Physicist and theoretical cosmologist. The year 1996 in Science and Technology involved many significant events listed below Albert Edward Whitford ( October 22, 1905 &ndash March 28, 2002) was an American Astronomer. The year 1997 in Science and Technology involved many significant events listed below Eugene N Parker (born 10 June, 1927) is an American solar Astrophysicist who received his B The year 1998 in Science and Technology involved many events some of which are included below Donald Lynden-Bell CBE FRS (born April 5 1935 in Dover) is an English Astrophysicist, best known for his theories that galaxies The year 1999 in Science and Technology involved some significant events Geoffrey Ronald Burbidge (born September 24 1925) is a British - American Physics Professor in the University of California The year 2000 in Science and Technology involved some significant events Rashid Alievich Sunyaev ( Cyrillic: Рашид Алиевич Сюняев which might be more phonetically transliterated "Syunyayev" was born in Tashkent The year 2001 in Science and Technology involved many events some of which are included below Hans Albrecht Bethe (/hans ˈalbʀɛçt ˈbeːtə/ ( July 2 1906 &ndash March 6, 2005) was a German - American Physicist The year 2002 in Science and Technology involved some significant events Bohdan Paczyński or Bohdan Paczynski ( 8 February 1940 - 19 April 2007) was a Polish Astronomer, a leading scientist The year 2003 in Science and Technology involved some significant events Vera (Cooper Rubin (born 23 July 1928) is an Astronomer who has done pioneering work on Galaxy rotation rates The year 2004 in Science and Technology involved some significant events Chushiro Hayashi (林忠四郎 (born July 25 1920) is a Japanese Astrophysicist. The year 2005 in Science and Technology involved some significant events Robert Paul "Bob" Kraft (born June 16, 1927) is an American Astronomer. The year 2006 in Science and Technology involved some significant events Frank James Low (born Mobile Alabama, 23 November 1933) is a solid state Physicist who become a leader in the new field of Infrared The year 2007 in science and Technology involves many significant events Martin Harwit (born March 9, 1931 in Prague) is a Czech/American astronomer The year 2008 in science involves some significant events listed below Sidney van den Bergh (born 20 May 1929, Wassenaar) is a Canadian astronomer This is a list of Prizes that are named after people'. For other lists of eponyms (names derived from people see Lists of etymologies.

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