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Brownsville is a low-income residential neighborhood located in eastern Brooklyn, New York. Brooklyn (named after the Dutch town Breukelen) is one of the five boroughs of New York City. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous It is part of Brooklyn Community Board 16. Brooklyn Community Board 16 is a local governmental body in the New York City borough of Brooklyn that encompasses the neighborhoods of

Brownsville is bordered by East New York Avenue to the north (on the Bedford-Stuyvesant border), East 98th Street to the west (East Flatbush) and the Long Island Rail Road to the south (adjacent to the neighborhood of Canarsie). Bedford-Stuyvesant (pron \ˈstī-və-sənt\ (also known as Bed-Stuy) is a neighborhood in the central portion of the New York City, USA, borough East Flatbush is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. Canarsie is a Neighborhood in the southeastern portion of the borough of Brooklyn, in New York City, United States. [1]

The zip code for the neighborhood is 11212. The area should not be confused with Ocean Hill, a subsection of Bedford-Stuyvesant. Ocean Hill is a subsection of Bedford-Stuyvesant in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. Bedford-Stuyvesant (pron \ˈstī-və-sənt\ (also known as Bed-Stuy) is a neighborhood in the central portion of the New York City, USA, borough

The area is patrolled by the 73rd Precinct located at 1470 East New York Avenue. New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) property in the area is patrolled by P. The New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA provides housing for low and moderate income residents throughout the five boroughs of New York City. S. A. 2.

Contents

Demographics

Brownsville has a population over 65,000. Over half the population lives below the poverty line and receives public assistance (AFDC, Home Relief, Supplemental Security Income, and Medicaid). Some residents would disagree with this statement. Brownsville is predominantly African American and West Indian including Jamaicans, Guyanese, Trinidad and Tobago, Puerto Ricans, Barbados, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa The Caribbean (ˌkærəˡbiən kæ'rəbiən Cariben|Caraïben or Caraïben; Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Caribe is a Region consisting Jamaica (ˈdʒəˈmeɪkə} is an Island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. Guyana (ɡaɪˈænə or /ɡiːˈɑːnə/ officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana and previously known as British Guiana, is the only Nation state The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (ˈtrɪnɪdæd ən təˈbeɪgoʊ is an archipelagic state in the southern Caribbean, lying northeast of the South American Puerto Ricans in the United States (also referred to as the "Puerto Rican Diaspora," " Nuyorican " "Stateside Puerto Ricans" "mainland Barbados ( Portuguese word for bearded-ones, bɑrˈbeɪdoʊz -dɒs situated just east of the Caribbean Sea, is an independent Island nation Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: The Dominican Republic ( Spanish: República Dominicana;) is a nation located in the Caribbean region and shares the island of Hispaniola with The vast majority of households are renter occupied. [2]

Land use

Brownsville is dominated by public housing developments of various types. Public housing is a form of Housing tenure in which the property is owned by a Government authority which may be central or local There is also a significant concentration of semi-detached multi-unit rowhouses similar to that found in East New York and Soundview surrounding the public housing developments. East New York is a low-income residential neighborhood located in eastern Brooklyn, a borough of New York City. Soundview is a low income residential neighborhood geographically located in the south central section of the borough of The Bronx in New York City. Many of which however have been torn down and replaced by vacant lots or newly constructed subsidized attached multi-unit rowhouses. There is also a smaller number of tenements in the area. The neighborhood contains the highest concentration of NYCHA projects in Brooklyn. The total land area is one square mile.

Low income public housing projects

  1. 104-14 Tapscott Street; one 4-story building.
  2. Brownsville Houses; twenty-seven buildings, 6 and 7-stories tall
  3. Glenmore Plaza; four buildings, 10, 18 and 24-stories tall.
  4. Howard Avenue; five buildings, 3-stories tall.
  5. Howard Avenue-Park Place; eight buildings, 3-stories tall.
  6. Howard Houses; ten buildings, 7 and 13-stories tall.
  7. Hughes Apartments; three, 22-story buildings.
  8. Sethlow Houses; four buildings, 17 and 18-stories tall.
  9. Marcus Garvey (Group A); three buildings, 6 and 14-stories tall.
  10. Ocean Hill-Brownsville; five rehabilitated tenement buildings, 4-stories tall.
  11. Prospect Plaza Houses, three vacant 12-story buildings in the process of being rehabilitated. Prospect Plaza Houses was a notorious public housing project built in the 1950s in the Bedford-Stuyvesant section of New York in the Borough of Brooklyn (Really in the Ocean Hill section of Brooklyn Community Board 16)
  12. Reverend Randolph Brown; two, 6-story buildings. Ocean Hill is a subsection of Bedford-Stuyvesant in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. Brooklyn Community Board 16 is a local governmental body in the New York City borough of Brooklyn that encompasses the neighborhoods of
  13. Sutter Avenue-Union Street; three rehabilitated tenement buildings, 4 and 6-stories tall.
  14. Tapscott Street Rehab; eight, 4-story rehabilitated tenement buildings.
  15. Tilden Houses; eight, 16-story buildings.
  16. Van Dyke I; 22 buildings, 3 and 14-stories tall.
  17. Van Dyke II; one 14-story building.
  18. Woodson Houses; two buildings, 10 and 25-stories tall.

History

Brownsville was politically radical from the 1880s to the 1950s, it elected Socialist and American Labor Party candidates to the state assembly throughout the 1920s and 1930s. Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of Electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution The American Labor Party was a Political party in the United States active almost exclusively in the state of New York. The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. [4]

As early as the 1910s, the area had acquired a reputation as a vicious slum and breeding ground for crime. The 1910s decade ran from January 1 1910 through December 31 1919 A slum, as defined by the United Nations agency UN-HABITAT, is a run-down area of a city characterized by substandard housing and squalor and lacking in tenure security It has been known throughout the years for its criminal gangs and in the 1930s and 1940s achieved notoriety as the birthplace of Murder, Inc. A predominantly Jewish neighborhood until the 1960s, when its population had become largely African-American and Puerto Rican, Brownsville's unemployment rate was 17 percent. The 1940s decade ran from 1940 to 1949 Events and trends The 1940s was a period between the radical 1930s and the conservative 1950s which also leads the period to be Murder Inc, Murder Incorporated or Brownsville Boys was the name given by the press for an Organized crime group in the 1920s to 1940s that carried PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa Puerto Ricans in the United States (also referred to as the "Puerto Rican Diaspora," " Nuyorican " "Stateside Puerto Ricans" "mainland Half of all families in the district lived on less than $5,000 a year. As Jimmy Breslin wrote in 1968, Brownsville reminded him of

Berlin after the war; block after block of burned-out shells of houses, streets littered with decaying automobile hulks. Jimmy Breslin (born October 17, 1930) is a Pulitzer Prize -winning American Columnist and Author. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The stores on the avenues are empty and the streets are lined with deserted apartment houses or buildings that have empty apartments on every floor.

In 1968 Brownsville was the theater for a protracted and highly contentious teacher strike. [5] The Board of Education had experimented with giving the people of the neighborhood control over the school. A board of education or a school Board or school committee is the title of the Board of directors of a school local School district The new administration laid off several teachers in violation of union contract rules. An academic administration is a branch of University or College employees responsible for the maintenance and supervision of the institution and separate from the The teachers were all white and mostly Jewish, and the resulting strike served to badly divide the whole city. The resulting strike dragged off and on for half a year, becoming known as one of the "Ten Plagues" of John Lindsay. John Vliet Lindsay ( November 24, 1921 – December 19, 2000) was an American Politician who served as a member of the

Social problems

Many social problems associated with poverty from crime to drug addiction have plagued the area for some time. Poverty (also called penury) is deprivation of common necessities that determine the quality of life including food clothing shelter and safe Drinking water, and Drug addiction is widely considered a pathological state. The disorder of addiction involves the progression of acute Drug use to the development of drug-seeking Despite crime declines versus their peaks during the crack and heroin epidemics violent crime continues to be a serious problem in the community. Crack cocaine or crack is a solid smokable form of Cocaine. It is a freebase form of cocaine that can be made using baking soda ( Sodium bicarbonate Heroin ( INN: diacetylmorphine, BAN: diamorphine) is a semi-synthetic opioid synthesized from Morphine, a derivative [6] Brownsville has significantly higher dropout rates and incidents of violence in its schools. [7] Students must pass through metal detectors and swipe ID cards to enter the buildings. This is reminiscent of a prison environment; many feel this encourages bad behavior. Other problems in local schools include low test scores and high truancy rates. Drug addiction is also a serious problem in the community. Due to the lucrative drug trade in the area, many addicts reside in the community. Peer pressure among children who come from broken homes contributes to the high rate of usage. Many households in the area are headed by a single mother which contributes to the high poverty rate. [8] Many of whom had their children at a very young age and unfortunately could not provide for their children. [9] Many of the families living in Brownsville have been in poverty for generations. The incarceration rate in the area is also very high. [10] Many if not most males in the community have been arrested at some point in their lives. [11] This has a direct correlation to aggressive policing tactics including "sweeps" due to the area's high crime rate. Brownsville is home to a significant number of inmates currently held in New York state prison and jail facilities.

Urban renewal

After a wave of arson ravaged the low income communities of New York City throughout the 1970s, many if not most of the residential structures in Brownsville were left seriously damaged or destroyed. The city began to rehabilitate many formally abandoned tenement style apartment buildings and designate them low income housing beginning in the late 1970s. Also many subsidized multi unit townhouses and newly constructed apartment buildings have been or are being built on vacant lots across across the neighborhood.

Transportation

Brownsville is accessible from the IRT. The Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT was the operator of the original underground New York City Subway line that opened in 1904 as well as earlier Elevated railways Its main thoroughfare is Pitkin Avenue. The 3, L, A, and C trains are accessible to Brownsville residents. The 3 Seventh Avenue Express is a Rapid transit service of the New York City Subway. The L 14th Street–Canarsie Local is a Rapid transit service of the New York City Subway, providing local service along the full length of the BMT Canarsie Line The A Eighth Avenue Express is a Rapid transit service of the New York City Subway. The C Eighth Avenue Local is a Rapid transit service of the New York City Subway.

Facts

Notable natives

References

  1. ^ Brownsville Long Island New York
  2. ^ Brooklyn Community District 16
  3. ^ NYCHA locations in Brownsville
  4. ^ Pritchett, Wendell E. James Williams can refer to In American politics: James Williams (Delaware representative (1825&ndash1899 U Otis Ray Wilson (born September 15 1957 in Brooklyn New York) is a former American football Linebacker in the National Football Brian Daniel Carenard, better known by his stage name Saigon, is an American rapper Brownsville, Brooklyn : Blacks, Jews, and the changing face of the ghetto Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 2002. ISBN 0226684466
  5. ^ Berube, Maurice R. and Marilyn Gittell. Confrontation at Ocean Hill-Brownsville; the New York school strikes of 1968 New York, Praeger [1969] OCLC: 19279
  6. ^ 73rd Precinct CompStat Report
  7. ^ NYC Dropout Rates
  8. ^ Brooklyn Social Concerns
  9. ^ Brooklyn Social Concerns
  10. ^ Brooklyn Social Concerns
  11. ^ Brooklyn Social Concerns
  12. ^ Bleyer, Jennifer. "Battlefield Medics Shaped in Civilian Setting", The New York Times, December 6, 2005. Events 1060 - Béla I of Hungary is crowned king of Hungary 1240 - Mongol invasion of Rus: Kiev Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. "The program, called the Academy of Advanced Combat Medicine, started at Kings County two years ago when officers from the 5,300-person Eighth Medical Brigade, based at Fort Wadsworth on Staten Island, decided to train their reservists in a civilian emergency room. The hospital's highly regarded, extremely busy emergency room admits 1,200 major trauma patients each year, among the most in the city. "
  13. ^ Salamon, Julie. "Toil, Tears and Sweat in Brooklyn", The New York Times, February 6, 2004. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Accessed November 19, 2007. Events 1095 - The Council of Clermont, called by Pope Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. "The words of a native son, Alfred Kazin, spoken by an actor evoking the writer's Brownsville childhood in the 1920's, resonate today. "
  14. ^ Vecsey, George. "SPORTS OF THE TIMES; The Pearl Fits In At Syracuse", The New York Times, March 9, 1984. Events 590 - Bahram Chobin is crowned as king Barham VI of Persia. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Accessed December 5, 2007. Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. "This part of the legend does survive: Washington admits that when he was 8 years old at the Howard Housing Project in Brownsville, his elders asked him: Who do you think you are, the Pearl?"

Van Dyke I Houses.

Local retail, the Riverdale Towers sit in the background.

Large vacant Lot.

Brownsville Brooklyn Skyline.

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