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A signature Cox Brownie
A signature Cox Brownie

A brownie/brounie or urisk (Lowland Scots) or brùnaidh, ùruisg, or gruagach (Scottish Gaelic) is a legendary kind of creature popular in folklore around Scotland and England (especially the north). Scots ( The Scots leid) refers to Anglic varieties derived from early northern Middle English spoken in parts of Scotland and Northern Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. History The concept of folklore developed as part of the 19th century ideology of Romantic nationalism, leading to the reshaping of oral traditions to serve modern ideological Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland It is the Scottish counterpart of the Scandinavian tomte, the Slavic domovoi or the German Heinzelmännchen. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Terminology and usage As a cultural term "Scandinavia" has no official definition and is subject to usage by those who identify with the culture in question as well This article is about the mythical creature tomte For the band see Tomte (band. Slavic mythology is the Mythological aspect of the Religion that was practised by the ancient Slavs. A domovoi (домово́й literally "he of the house" is a house spirit in Slavic folklore. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The Heinzelmännchen are a race of fictional creatures appearing in a tale connected with the city of Cologne in Germany.

Contents

Tradition

Customarily brownies are said to inhabit houses and aid in tasks around the house. However, they do not like to be seen and will only work at night, traditionally in exchange for small gifts or food. They take quite a delight in porridge and honey. They usually abandon the house if their gifts are called payments, or if the owners of the house misuse them. Brownies make their homes in an unused part of the house. They were also known as the guardians of dragons.

The ùruisg had the qualities of man and spirit curiously commingled. He had a peculiar fondness for solitude at certain seasons of the year. About the end of Harvest he became more sociable, and hovered about farmyards, stables and cattle-houses. In Agriculture, the harvest is the process of Gathering mature crops from the fields Reaping is the cutting of Grain A barnyard ( British English: farmyard) is a Barn adjoined to a Yard. A stable is a Building in which Livestock, especially Horses are kept He had a particular fondness for the products of the dairy, and was a fearful intruder on milkmaids, who made regular libations of milk or cream to charm him off, or to procure his favour. A dairy is a facility for the extraction and processing of animal Milk &mdashmostly from goats or cows, but also from buffalo, Sheep Note This article is about the occupation For the flower see Cardamine californica. A libation (spondee in Greek) is a Ritual pouring of a drink as an offering to a god. Milk is an opaque white liquid produced by the Mammary glands of female Mammals (including Monotremes. For the 1993 hip-hop single by the Wu-Tang Clan see CREAM CREAM is an acronym for Cognitive Reliability Error Analysis Method a He could be seen supposedly only by those who had the second sight, though instances where he made himself visible to people not so Gifted have been rumoured. Second sight is a form of Extra-sensory perception whereby a person perceives information in the form of vision, about future events before they happen He is said to have been a jolly personable being with a broad blue bonnet, flowing yellow hair, and a long walking staff. A bonnet is a kind of Headgear which is usually brimless Only a few kinds of bonnets are still worn today most commonly by babies Blond (also spelled blonde, see below) or fair-haired is a Hair color characterized by low levels of the dark Pigment eumelanin " Walking stick " may also refer to a stick insect, of the Order Phasmatodea, which uses camouflage to resemble a stick or twig

Every manor house had its ùruisg, and in the kitchen, close by the fire was a seat, which was left unoccupied for him. A manor house or fortified manor-house is a Country house, which has historically formed the administrative centre of a manor (see Manorialism For the Banana Yashimoto novel see Kitchen (novel A kitchen, is a room or part of a room (sometimes called "kitchen The house of a proprietor on the banks of the River Tay was even at the beginning of the twentieth century believed to have been haunted by this sprite, and a particular apartment therein has been for centuries called "Seòmar Bhrùnaidh" (Brownie’s room). The Tay ( Gaelic: Tatha) is a river starting in the Highlands and flowing down into the centre of Scotland through Perth and When irritated through neglect or disrespectful treatment he would not hesitate to become wantonly mischievous. He was notwithstanding, rather gainly and good-natured rather than formidable. Though, on the whole, a lazy, lounging hobgoblin, he would often bestir himself on behalf of those who understood his humours, and suited themselves thereto. Hobgoblin is a term typically applied in folktales to describe a friendly or amusing Goblin. When in this mood, he was known to perform many arduous exploits in kitchen, barn and stable, with marvellous precision and rapidity. These kind turns were done without bribe, fee or reward, for the offer of any one of these would banish him forever. Kind treatment was all he ever wished for, and it never failed to procure his favour.

In 1703, John Brand wrote in his description of Zetland that:

“Not above forty or fifty years ago, every family had a brownie, or evil spirit, so called, which served them, to which they gave a sacrifice for his service; as when they churned their milk, they took a part thereof, and sprinkled every corner of the house with it, for Brownie’s use; likewise, when they brewed, they had a stone which they called ‘Brownie’s stane’, wherein there was a little hole into which they poured some wort for a sacrifice to Brownie. John Brand ( August 19, 1744 &ndash September 11, 1806) was an English Antiquarian. Shetland (formerly spelled Zetland, from etland; Old Norse non Hjaltland; Sealtainn is an Archipelago off the northeast coast of Brewing is the production of Alcoholic beverage and Alcohol fuel through fermentation. They also had some stacks of corn, which they called Brownie’s Stacks, which, though they were not bound with straw ropes, or in any way fenced as other stacks used to be, yet the greatest storm of wind was not able to blow away straw off them. ”

The brownies seldom discoursed with man, but they held frequent and affectionate converse with one another. Human beings, humans or man (Origin 1590–1600 L homō man OL hemō the earthly one (see Humus They had their general assemblies too, and on those occasions they commonly selected for their rendezvous the rocky recesses of some remote torrent, whence their loud voices, mingling with the water’s roar, carried to the ears of some wondering superstition detached parts of their unearthly colloquies. In a certain district of the Scottish Highlands, "Peallaidh an Spùit" (Peallaidh of the Spout), "Stochdail a’ Chùirt", and "Brùnaidh an Easain" (Brownie of the little waterfall) were names of note at those congresses, and they still live in legends which continue to amuse old age and infancy. The Scottish Highlands ( Scottish Gaelic: A' Ghàidhealtachd, Scots: Hielans) include the rugged and Mountainous Every stream in Breadalbane had an ùruisg once according to Watson the Scottish place name expert, and their king was Peallaidh. (Peallaidh's name is preserved in "Obair Pheallaidh", known in English as "Aberfeldy". English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States ) It may be the case, that ùruisg was conflated with some water sprite, or that ùruisg were originally water sprites conflated with brownies.

British folklore also included a figure, Billy Blind, much like the brownie, but appearing only in ballads. Billy Blind, Billy Blin, Billie Blin, or Belly Blin is an English and Scottish household spirit much like a brownie.

Modern culture

A modernized version of the Cleveland Browns's brownie elf mascot, minus the crown.
A modernized version of the Cleveland Browns's brownie elf mascot, minus the crown.

Brownies were popularized in the humoristic poems of Canadian-American artist and author Palmer Cox. Palmer Cox ( April 28, 1840 &ndash July 24, 1924) was a Canadian Illustrator and Author, best known for his

By extension, the name of Brownies was given to the junior branch of the Girl Guides (American Girl Scouts) as well as their Canadian counterparts. A Brownie is a member of a section of some Guiding organisations who is between the ages of 7 and 10 This is an article about the young person in the Scouting movement The Girl Scouts of the United States of America (GSUSA is a Youth organization for girls in the United States and American girls living abroad

The Cleveland Browns are occasionally called the Brownies by their fans and used a brownie elf as an official mascot from their beginnings in 1946 until owner Art Modell phased it out in the mid-1960s. The Cleveland Browns are a professional American football team based in Cleveland, Ohio. Arthur B Modell (born June 23, 1925, Brooklyn, New York) is a former National Football League team owner The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 It was revived on a limited basis by the Browns since the team returned in 1999. During the 2004 Season, The Brownie appeared on the Team's sideline ponchos and equipment trunks.

The defunct St. Louis Browns baseball team also used the brownie as a mascot. The Baltimore Orioles are a professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.

The House Elves featured in the Harry Potter series have characteristics of brownies. Harry Potter is a series of seven Fantasy novels written by British author J

Arthur Stillwell, founder of Port Arthur, Texas, claimed that brownies instructed him to establish the city at its present location. Arthur Edward Stilwell ( October 21 1859 &ndash September 26 1928) was the founder of Kansas City Southern Railway. Port Arthur is a city in Jefferson County within the Beaumont &ndashPort Arthur Metropolitan Statistical Area of the U

In the book "Dragon Rider", written by Cornelia Funke, brownies were depicted as cat-like, mushroom-eating creatures that live alongside dragons rather than being creatures who do house chores, aiding in house tasks, and getting treats for it. Dragon Rider ( Drachenreiter) is a 1997 German novel by Cornelia Funke. Cornelia Caroline Funke (FOON-ka (kuh means "spark'" in German) was born December 10, 1958, in Dorsten, North Rhine-Westphalia Instead they are creatures who love to eat mushrooms and have a connection to dragons rather than brownies in folklore and mythology.

In the book "The Blue Girl" written by Charles de Lint, Brownies secretly live in the school alongside Adrian the ghost. Charles de Lint (born December 22, 1951) is a Canadian Fantasy Author and Celtic Folk musician Along with writers They who usually refer to themselves as fairies.

In the film Willow, two brownies "helped" Willow throughout the film. Willow is a 1988 Fantasy film directed by Ron Howard, based on a story by George Lucas. Their names were Franjean and Rool. The same pair appear in the trilogy of novels set after the film's events, "Shadow Moon", "Shadow Dawn", and "Shadow Star". Shadow Moon is a fantasy novel written by Chris Claremont and George Lucas. Shadow Dawn is a Fantasy novel written by Chris Claremont and George Lucas. Shadow Star is the third and final book in the Chronicles of the Shadow War trilogy

In "The Divide", "Back to the Divide", and "Jinx on the Divide" by Elizabeth Kay, brownies are small elf-like creatures that practice reading crystal balls and are called "Ragamuckies. Elizabeth Kay, born July 9, 1949 in London, is an English writer "

Four brownies serve Elena the godmother in the Mercedes Lackey book The Fairy Godmother

Numerous references exist in Enid Blyton's books, where brownies are depicted as fun-loving creatures on the lookout for adventure, such as in the book "Tuppenny, Feefo and Jinks". Mercedes Lackey (born June 24, 1950) New York New York (also known as Misty Lackey) is a prolific American author of fantasy novels The Fairy Godmother is a novel by Mercedes Lackey, published in 2004 and the first book of the Tales of the Five Hundred Kingdoms series Enid Mary Blyton ( August 11 1897 &ndash November 28 1968) was a British children's writer. Big-Ears, a character in Blyton's Noddy series of books, is also a brownie. Noddy is a character created by British Children's author Enid Blyton, originally published between 1949 and 1963

The myth of the brownie is central to Neil Gaiman's novel, American Gods. Neil Richard Gaiman (ˈgeɪmən (born November 10, 1960) is an English author of Science fiction and Fantasy short stories and American Gods is a Novel by Neil Gaiman. The novel is a blend of Americana, Fantasy, and various strands of ancient and modern In the novel, the brownie is portrayed as a powerful Germanic spirit that protects and provides for a town (in this case, Lakeside, Wisconsin), while at the same time taking young people as sacrifices. Lakeside is a town in Douglas County, Wisconsin, United States.

In the science-fiction novel, The Mote in God's Eye by Larry Niven and Jerry Pournelle, the Watchmaker sub-species of the Moties are nicknamed "brownies" by the crew of the INSS MacArthur. The Mote in God's Eye, by Larry Niven and Jerry Pournelle, is a Science fiction Novel that was first published in 1974 Laurence van Cott Niven (born April 30, 1938 Los Angeles California) is a US Science fiction author. Jerry Eugene Pournelle (born August 7, 1933) is an American Science fiction Writer, Essayist and Journalist The Mote in God's Eye, by Larry Niven and Jerry Pournelle, is a Science fiction Novel that was first published in 1974 The Mote in God's Eye, by Larry Niven and Jerry Pournelle, is a Science fiction Novel that was first published in 1974

The Spiderwick series of books by Holly Black and Tony DiTerlizzi feature a brownie named Thimbletack, undergoing an often combative relationship with the new residents of the Spiderwick estate. Holly Black née Riggenbach in 1971 and during her early years her family lived in a "decrepit Victorian house" Tony DiTerlizzi (born September 6, 1969) is an American Fantasy Artist, Children's book creator and motion picture

The world creation project Santharia includes a Brownie race. Some of them live as house-spirits, others have their own community.

References

See also

External links

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