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"Seven second delay" redirects here. For the WFMU radio program, see Seven Second Delay. Seven Second Delay is a radio show broadcast on radio station WFMU.
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Censorship
Censored
By Country

Algeria
Australia
Belarus
Bhutan
Burma
Canada
China
Cuba
East Germany
France
Germany
India
Indonesia
Iran
Ireland
Israel
Japan

Malaysia
Pakistan
Portugal
Russia
Samoa
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
South Asia
North Korea
Soviet Union
Sweden
Taiwan
Thailand
Tunisia
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
See also:
Freedom of speech by country
By media

Advertisements
Anime
Books
Films

Re-edited films
Internet
Music
Video games
By channel

BBC

MTV
By method

Book burning
Bleep censor
Broadcast delay
Content-control software
Expurgation
Pixelization
Postal censorship
Prior restraint
Self-censorship
Whitewashing
Gag order
By context

Corporate censorship
Under fascist regimes
Political censorship
In religion

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In radio and television, broadcast delay refers to the practice of intentionally delaying broadcast of live material. Censorship is the suppression of speech or deletion of communicative material which may be considered objectionable harmful or sensitive as determined by a censor The working conditions of Journalists in Algeria have evolved since the 1962 independence. Australia is a federation, and responsibility for censorship is divided between the states and the federal government Censorship in Belarus Freedom of press In 2007 Reporters Without Borders ranked Belarus 151st out of 168 countries in its global press freedom listing Censorship in Bhutan is comparable to its South Asian neighbours although not as focused or systematic as censorship in China. Censorship in Burma (or Myanmar refers to government policies in controlling and regulating certain information particularly on religious, ethnic, political In Canada the principles of Community standards and Public interests are the primary adjudicants of what may be published or broadcast by the media. Censorship in the People's Republic of China is the limiting or suppressing of the publishing dissemination and viewing of certain information in the People's Republic of China Censorship in Cuba has been reported on extensively and resulted in European Union sanctions as well as statements of protest from groups governments and noted individuals As with many Soviet-allied countries prior to the fall of the Berlin Wall the government of the former German Democratic Republic (German Deutsche Demokratische Republik) applied In standard conditions France does not have Censorship laws being a Liberal democracy respectful of Freedom of press. Censorship in Germany has taken many forms during the history of the region. Censorship in India mainly targets religious issues It is justified by the government as necessary to maintain communal harmony peace and tranquillity given the history of communal tension Censorship in Iran is the limiting or suppressing of the publishing dissemination and viewing of certain information in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Although Ireland does not currently exercise much censorship in practice the state has wide-ranging laws which allow censorship and has specific laws covering Films, Israel has media censorship laws based on British emergency regulations from 1945 that apply to domestic media foreign newspapers and wire service transmissions from In Japan, Article 21 of the Japanese Constitution guarantees freedom of expression and prohibits formal censorship Censorship is a growing concern for Malaysia as it attempts to adapt to a modern knowledge-based economy The Government of Pakistan censors all Internet traffic by means of Routing all connections through a central exchange which is administered by the Censorship has been a fundamental element of Portuguese national culture throughout the country's history. The United States Department of State Country Report on Human Rights Practices in Samoa states that "The law provides for freedom of speech and of the Censorship in Saudi Arabia is prevalent in the press and with internet access Censorship in Singapore mainly targets sexual political racial and religious issues as defined by an ever-shifting panoply of out-of-bounds markers. Censorship in South Asia can apply to books movies the Internet and other media North Korea (the Democratic People's Republic of Korea) has a high degree of censorship and no Freedom of the press. Censorship in the Soviet Union was pervasive and strictly enforced Sweden strongly protects freedom of speech and was a pioneer in officially abolishing Censorship. Censorship in the Republic of China ( Taiwan) was eliminated in 1987 Freedom of speech in Thailand was guaranteed in the articles 39 40 41 in the 1997 Constitution. Censorship in Tunisia has been an issue since the country gained independence in 1956. Freedom of expression in Turkey is regulated by domestic and international legislation which Censorship in the United Kingdom has a long history with variously stringent and lax laws in place at different times although a much more liberal approach has been taken in recent years According to the Reporters Without Borders Press Freedom Index the United States is currently ranked 48th in the world in terms of press freedom Freedom of speech is the concept of the inherent human right to voice one's opinion publicly without fear of Censorship or Punishment Advertising regulation refers to the Laws and rules defining the ways in which products can be advertised in a particular region Editing of anime in American distribution describes the process of altering Anime to prepare it to be distributed in the United States and forms part of the process Many societies have banned certain Books This is a partial list of books that have been banned. For nearly the entire History of film production certain films have been either Boycotted by political and religious groups or literally banned by a Regime A re-edited film is a Film that has been edited from the original theatrical release Internet censorship is control or suppression of the publishing or accessing of information on the Internet. Censorship of Music, the practice of censoring Music from the public may take the form of partial or total censorship with the latter banning the music entirely Similar to other forms of media Video games have been the subject of debate and Censorship. Censorship on MTV has been the subject of debate for years MTV the first and most popular Music Television network in the U Book burning (a category of biblioclasm or book destruction is the practice of destroying often ceremoniously, one or more copies of a book or other written material A bleep censor (or " bleeping " is the replacement of verbal Profanity with a beep sound (usually a) in television or radio Content-control software, also known as censorware or web filtering software, is a term for software designed and optimized for controlling what content Expurgation is a form of Censorship by way of purging anything noxious offensive sinful or erroneous usually from an artistic work Pixelization is a video- and image-editing technique where an image or part of it is blurred by displaying part or all of it at a markedly lower resolution Postal censorship is the Inspection or examination of Mail, most often by Governments that can include opening reading or marking of covers, Prior restraint is a Legal term referring to a Government 's actions that prevent materials from being published Self-censorship is the act of censoring or classifying one's own work ( Blog, Book (s Film (s or other means of expression out To Whitewash is to gloss over or cover up vices crimes or to exonerate by means of a perfunctory investigation or through biased presentation of data A gag order (or suppression order) is an order sometimes a legal order by a court or government other times a private order by an employer or other institution restricting Corporate censorship is Censorship by Corporations the sanctioning of speech by spokespersons employees and business associates by threat of monetary loss loss Censorship in Italy under Fascism Censorship in Italy was not created with Fascism, nor did it end with it but it had heavy influence in the life of Italians Political censorship exists when a Government attempts to conceal distort or falsify information that its citizens receive by suppressing or crowding out political news Censorship by religion is a form of Censorship where Freedom of expression is controlled or limited using Religious authority or on the basis of the teachings Radio is the transmission of signals by Modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible Light. Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic For the band see Broadcast (band Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and/or Video signals which transmit For the band see Broadcast (band Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and/or Video signals which transmit A short delay is often used to prevent profanity or other undesirable material from making it to air, including more mundane problems such as technical malfunctions or coughing. The original meaning of the adjective profane (from the Latin for "in front of or outside the Temple " was to refer to items not belonging to the church In Medicine, a cough ( Latin: tussis) is a sudden and often repetitively occurring defence Reflex which helps to clear the large breathing passages In this instance, it is often referred to as a seven-second delay or profanity delay.

Longer delays can also be introduced, as is sometimes done with nationally-broadcast programs in countries with multiple time zones. That can sometimes be simply achieved with a video tape recorder or similar technology. VTR redirects here For other meanings see VTR (disambiguation. In the context of modern digital video recorders, this can now be considered a class of time shifting. A digital video recorder ( DVR) or personal video recorder ( PVR) is a device that records video in a digital format to a Disk drive or other Timeshifting redirects here For the video game see TimeShift. In this instance, it is often called a tape delay or west-coast delay in the United States, so-called because special events (including award shows) broadcast live in the rest of the US are often tape-delayed on the west coast. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The " West Coast " " Western Seaboard " or " Pacific Seaboard " are terms for the westernmost coastal states of the Western United States This includes Southern California (with the exception of the Academy Awards, which airs live in Los Angeles and the rest of the west coast), despite the fact that Southern California is where many live televised events (American Idol, Dancing With The Stars), take place. Southern California, or So Cal, is defined as the southern portion of the U "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West American Idol, with the full title American Idol The Search for a Superstar for the first season only is an American reality-competition Dancing with the Stars is the name of a group of international Television series based on the format of the British series Strictly

Tape delay also refers to the process of broadcasting an event at a later scheduled time. This is because either a scheduling conflict prevents a live telecast, or a broadcaster seeks to maximize ratings by airing an event in a certain timeslot. A prominent example of the latter is coverage of the Olympic Games, when a broadcaster televises a high-profile event to air in prime time, even though that event occurs several hours earlier when most of the would-be viewers are at work. The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games Prime Time is the major News analysis current affairs and Politics programme broadcast on Radio Telefís Éireann in Ireland Sporting events aired on tape delay are often edited down for time considerations, highlighting the most interesting portions of the event.

Contents

Early use

The radio station WKAP in Allentown, Pennsylvania, introduced a tape delay system consisting of an external playback head, which was spaced far enough away from the record head to allow for a five-second delay. This article is about radio broadcasting for other uses see Radio (disambiguation. WSAN is an AM Radio station located in Allentown Pennsylvania, in the Lehigh Valley region of Pennsylvania, United States For the song by Billy Joel, see " Allentown (song." For the neighborhood in Pittsburgh A system of rollers guided the tape over the playback head before it wound up on the take up reel. This system was introduced in 1952 when WKAP started a talk show called "Open Mic". It is believed that this was the first time a telephone call-in show was broadcast with the telephone conversation "live" on the air. The FCC rules at the time prohibited the broadcasting of a live phone conversation. However, there was no rule prohibiting a taped playback of a phone call, provided that a "beep" tone was heard by the caller every 15 seconds so that the caller knew he was being recorded. The five-second delay constituted a "taped" phone conversation, thus complying with FCC regulations. See Legal fiction. In the Common law tradition legal fictions are suppositions of fact taken to be true by the Courts of Law, but which are not necessarily

John Nebel, who began a pioneering radio talk show in New York city in 1954, was one of the early users of a tape delay system. Long John Nebel (born John Zimmerman) ( June 11, 1911 – April 10, 1978) was an influential New York City Talk radio A talk show ( American) or chat show ( Global) is a Television or Radio program where one person or group of people come together to The City of New York

Computerized delay

In 1977, the capacity of RAM (random-access memory) had reached 16kb (kilobits) per chip, enough to think about using computerized, digital audio means to create a sufficient delay for obscenity deletion. A kilobit is a unit of information abbreviated kbit (or kb) The standard definition is 1 kilobit = 103 bit = 1000 Bit. Digital audio uses Digital signals for Sound reproduction. This includes analog-to-digital conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, storage By storing audio digitally, it was possible to move a "virtual tape head" along recorded audio. Eventide Inc. Eventide is an expansion set from the trading card game Magic The Gathering. created the first digital broadcast delay for this purpose. The device (known colloquially as a "dump box") had a large "DUMP"/"DELAY DUMP" button that would bring the delay to zero, thus removing the segment with the obscenity. In addition to this convenience, it would also "rebuild" the delay time by unnoticeably lengthening the normal pauses in spoken material. Thus, a minute or so later, the broadcaster would again have full delay, with the listener often unaware that material had been deleted.

In modern systems, a profanity delay can be a software module manually operated by a broadcast technician that puts a short delay (usually between five and ten seconds) into the broadcast of live content. This gives the broadcaster time to censor the audio (and video) feed. Censorship is the suppression of speech or deletion of communicative material which may be considered objectionable harmful or sensitive as determined by a censor This can be accomplished by cutting directly to a non-delayed feed, essentially jumping past the undesired moment (something that can be quite jarring to a viewer or listener). In other cases, dedicated hardware units similar to the original digital unit but with improved quality and editing capability can be used. These products can even "build up" delay with difficult program material such as music. Alternately, a silence or bleep noise can be inserted to "cover up" the audio. A bleep censor (or " bleeping " is the replacement of verbal Profanity with a beep sound (usually a) in television or radio This is more difficult to do with live content, however, and more often appears on recorded material.

Examples

Canada

United Kingdom

'I'm a Celebrity, Get me Out of Here!' is broadcast on a 5 second delay using a system introduced by Time Delay TV which instantly cuts out profanity.

United States

See also

External links

References

  1. ^ The Independent: "And the winner is..." Retrieved February 13, 2007
A bleep censor (or " bleeping " is the replacement of verbal Profanity with a beep sound (usually a) in television or radio A radio edit is a major Remix of a musical performance to make it more suitable for broadcast to the public via Commercial radio. Censorship of Music, the practice of censoring Music from the public may take the form of partial or total censorship with the latter banning the music entirely
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