Hip hop/Rap music
Stylistic origins	Jamaican Dancehall toasting alongside the rhythms of R&B, disco, and funk
Cultural origins	late 1960s/early 1970s: Kingston, Jamaica - early 1970s South Bronx, New York City
Typical instruments	Turntable, rapping, drum machine, sampler, synthesizer, human beatboxing
Mainstream popularity	Since late 1980s in the United States, worldwide beginning in early 1990s, among best-selling genres of music by early 2000s. Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Dancehall is a type of Jamaican Popular music which developed in the late 1970s initially as a more sparse and less political and religious variant of Reggae Toasting, Chatting, or Deejaying is the act of talking or Chanting over a Rhythm or beat. Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define Funk is an American musical style that originated in the mid- to late-1960s when African American musicians blended Soul music, Soul Kingston is the Capital and largest city of Jamaica and is located on the southeastern coast of the island country The City of New York Turntablism is the art of manipulating sounds and creating music using phonograph turntables and a DJ mixer. Rapping (also known as emceeing, MCing, spitting, or just rhyming) is the Rhythmic spoken delivery of Rhymes wordplay and For the early "drum machine" computers that used a rotating cylinder as their main memory see Drum memory A drum machine is an A sampler is an electronic musical instrument closely related to a Synthesizer.

British Hip Hop is a genre of music, and a culture that covers a variety of styles of rap music made in the United Kingdom. A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located ^[1] It is sometimes known as Brithop,^[2] and is generally classified as one of a number of styles of urban music. Urban contemporary is a music Radio format. The term was coined by the late New York DJ Frankie Crocker in the mid 1970s ^[3] British hip hop was originally influenced by the New York hip hop scene, with British rappers often adopting American accents in the early years. The City of New York Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Rapping (also known as emceeing, MCing, spitting, or just rhyming) is the Rhythmic spoken delivery of Rhymes wordplay and

In 2003, The Times, a UK newspaper, described British hip hop's broad ranging approach:

". The Times is a daily national Newspaper published in the United Kingdom since 1785 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. . . 'UK rap' is a broad sonic church, encompassing anything made in Britain by musicians informed or inspired by hip-hop's possibilities, whose music is a response to the same stimuli that gave birth to rap in New York in the mid-Seventies. ^[1]

Contents 1 Origins of British hip hop 2 UK & US 3 Media 4 Bhangra in the UK 5 History 5.1 Early years: 1980s 5.2 The first British hip hop labels 5.3 False dawn: 1985 5.4 The next generation 5.5 21st century 6 Women 7 References 8 See also 9 External links

Origins of British hip hop

Following an initial flurry of interest from major record labels in the 1980s, by the early 1990s the scene had moved underground after record companies pulled back, disappointed by the genre's lack of vital sales in the USA. In the mid-1990s hip hop in the UK started to experiment and diversify - often mutating into different genres entirely, such as trip hop, UK garage or Drum n Bass - and began making inroads into the US market. Trip hop is a music Genre also known as the Bristol sound or Bristol acid rap. UK Garage ( UKG) is an umbrella term that refers to several different varieties of modern Electronic dance music generally connected to the evolution of house While many rappers such as Derek B could not help but begin by imitating the styles and accents of their U. Derek B (born Derek Boland 15 January 1965, in London) is a British Rapper. S. heroes, there were many who realized that to merely transpose U. S. forms would rob U. K. hip-hop of the ability to speak for a disenfranchised British constituency in the way that U. S. hip-hop so successfully spoke to, and for, its audience. Attempts were made by U. K. rappers to develop styles more obviously rooted in British linguistic practices-Rodney P of the London Posse deliberately chose a London accent-although many succeeded only in adopting a slurred hybrid that located the rap somewhere in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. Rodney P (born Rodney Panton in Battersea, London) is an English MC who entered the UK hip hop scene in the 1980s London Posse were one of the earliest groups to emerge from the British hip hop scene initially being formed by Sipho the Human Beatbox who asked friends Rodney P ^[4]

UK & US

British hip hop is greatly influence by United States’ hip hop. Hip hop music thorough out the world is influenced by the United States hip hop but none are as similar as are the British and the US forms^[5]. The cultural diversity that exists in both these countries seems to be the relationship that makes them so comparable. The different cultures within these two countries are each creating their own form of hip hop individually^[6]. The effect of multi-cultural countries on music seems to be cross collaboration with the end result being a blending of all the different cultures. This merging of music puts the resultant hip hop from both the US and the UK on the top of the charts.

Media

The growth of British hip hop was given a boost when in 2002, the BBC launched a digital radio station 1Xtra devoted to "new black music" including hip hop, R&B, UK garage, dancehall, and drum and bass,^[7] however 1Xtra does not play exclusively British hip hop. UK Garage ( UKG) is an umbrella term that refers to several different varieties of modern Electronic dance music generally connected to the evolution of house Dancehall is a type of Jamaican Popular music which developed in the late 1970s initially as a more sparse and less political and religious variant of Reggae

The cable and satellite, Channel U TV has alsothe profile of British hip hop and grime. Channel U TV is a digital Satellite TV channel owned by Video Interactive Television

Bhangra in the UK

According to Sanjay Sharma, Asians felt left out of the British hip-hop scene. None of the styles seemed to show a deep association with the South Asian population. ^[8]However, Members of the east Asian hip hop group Cobra summarized the feeling of the Asian populations of Britain: “Asians were lost, they weren’t accepted by whites, so they drifted into black culture, dressing like blacks, talking like them, and listening to Reggae. But Bhangra has given them their music and made them feel that they do have an identity. No matter if they are Gujuratis, Punjabis or whatever – Bhangra is Asian music for Asians. ” (Baumann, 1994) ^[9] From this quote the reader understands that the South Asians lacked a critical musical base and were forced to associate with music that wasn’t authentically South Asian. HC Hustler confirms the Asian musical predicament in their song “Big Trouble in Little Asia. ” HC Hustler sings: “Hey yo I see big trouble down in Little Asia, For an Asian growing up things get crazier and crazier, For my culture does not fit in with yours, Your corrupt culture makes my rich culture look poor. ” ^[10] From these two independent takes on the Asian hip hop scene the reader is given understanding that Asians wish for a music genre that Asians can culturally associate with. Bhangra was the genre that unlocked the door for Asian British music. ^[11] Bhangra spread among the Asian population because the Asian population culturally associated with it. Bhangra was the answer to the “Big Trouble in Little Asia. ”

History

Early years: 1980s

As in the US, British hip hop emerged as a scene from graffiti and breakdancing, and then through to DJing and rapping live at parties and club nights, with its supporters predominantly listening to and influenced by American hip hop. Graffiti (singular graffito; the plural is used as a Mass noun) is the name for images or lettering scratched scrawled painted or marked in any manner on property Breakdance, breaking, b-boying or b-girling is a Street dance style that evolved as part of the hip hop movement among A disc jockey (also known as DJ or deejay) is a person who selects and plays recorded music for an audience Rapping (also known as emceeing, MCing, spitting, or just rhyming) is the Rhythmic spoken delivery of Rhymes wordplay and Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Unlike in the US, it should be noted that the British hip hop scene was cross-racial from the beginning. This is due to the fact that various ethnic groups in Britain tend to not live in segregated areas, even in areas with a high percentage of non-white individuals. These places allow youth to share a cultural interchange with one another including musical genres such as hip hop. ^[12]

Due to the vast stretch of the British Empire, elements of music from all over the world (all the way to India and Asia) are evident in different types of UK hip hop. One notable genre of hip hop is grime which is marked originally by UK Garage beats, But now specifically made Grime beats in the background. According to leadership, hip hop was believed to have glorified gun culture and violence and for that reason it was publicly spoken out against. ^[13] One popular grime artist who would speak back was Dizzee Rascal who made it known that his existence and the music he made was “a problem for Anthony Blair. ” ^[14]

Cross pollination through migrating West Indians (who were influential in the growth of New York hip hop) helped develop a community interested in the music. The Caribbean (ˌkærəˡbiən kæ'rəbiən Cariben|Caraïben or Caraïben; Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Caribe is a Region consisting There were, however, British tunes starting to appear - the first ever British hip hop tune released on record was "London Bridge" by Newtrament and released on Jive records in 1984,^[15] though prior to this British artists were rapping live or recording amateur tapes. Newtrament was a DJ in London credited with releasing the second ever British hip hop record in the UK.

There were earlier pop records which dabbled with rap - such as Adam and the Ants' "Ant Rap" from the Prince Charming (CBS, 1981) LP, Wham's "Wham Rap (Enjoy What You Do)" (Inner Vision, 1982) or Malcolm McLaren's "Buffalo Gals" (Charisma, 1982) - but these are often considered pop appropriations of US rap, rather than the dawn of British hip hop culture. Prince Charming is a New Wave album by Adam & the Ants, released in 1981 (see 1981 in music) A gramophone "Wham" redirects here For other uses see Wham (disambiguation. Malcolm McLaren (born Malcolm Robert Andrew Edwards on January 22 1946 in London) is an English Impresario and musician

Over the next few years, more UK hip hop and electro music was released: Street Sounds Electro UK (Street Sounds, 1984), which was produced by Greg Wilson and featured an early appearance from MC Kermit, who later went on to form the Wilson produced Ruthless Rap Assassins; The Rapologists' "Kids Rap/Party Rap" (Billy Boy, 1984); DJ Richie Rich's "Don't Be Flash" (Spin Offs, 1985). Greg Wilson may refer to Greg Wilson, a British DJ Gregory Wilson, a magician Gregory V Herbie the Mastermind (real name Herbie Laidley has worked under a variety of Pseudonyms including The Rapologists and Mastermind (confusingly this is also the name of a DJ Releases were still few and far between, and the scene remained predominantly underground.

Although record labels began to take note of the underground scene throughout the 1980s and 1990s, radio play and publicity were still a difficulty in helping the fledgling scene to grow, and the scene only managed to survive through word of mouth and the patronage of pirate radio stations around the country. The term pirate radio usually refers to illegal or unregulated radio transmissions Mainstream radio did play British hip hop on occasion, and instrumental in giving the scene wider recognition were DJs such as Dave Pearce, Tim Westwood, and John Peel. Dave Pearce is a British dance DJ and Record producer, who has played gigs across the UK and the world although he is perhaps best known for his work in Tim Westwood (born 3 October 1957 is an English DJ and Presenter of Radio and Television. John Robert Parker Ravenscroft, OBE (30 August 1939 – 25 October 2004 known professionally as John Peel, was an English Disc jockey, radio

The first British hip hop labels

Music of the United Kingdom
History	Nationalities
Early popular music	England
1950s and 60s	Scotland
1970s	Wales
1980s	Ireland
1990s to present	Caribbean and Indian
Genres: (Samples) Classical - Folk - Hip hop - Opera - Popular - Rock - Jazz
By year: 1999 - 2000 - 2001 - 2002 - 2003 2004 - 2005 - 2006 - 2007
Awards	Mercury, BRIT Awards, Gramophone Awards
Charts	UK Singles Chart, UK classical chart, UK Albums Chart
Festivals	Cambridge Folk Festival, Creamfields, Download Festival, Edinburgh International Festival, Eisteddfodd, Glastonbury Festival, Homelands, Isle of Wight Festival, Royal National Mod, The Proms, Reading and Leeds Festivals , T in the Park, V Festival
Media	NME - Melody Maker - Mojo - Q - The Wire - The Gramophone
National anthem	"God Save the Queen"
Regions and territories
Birmingham - Cornwall - Isle of Man - Manchester - Northumbria - Scotland - Somerset - Wales Anguilla - Bermuda - Cayman Islands - Gibraltar - Montserrat - Turks and Caicos - Virgin Islands

The first UK record label devoted to releasing UK hip hop acts was founded in 1986. Music from the United Kingdom has lost great popularity since the 1960s when a wave of musicians helped to popularise Rock and roll. The diverse Nations that now make up the United Kingdom were much more distinct from each other prior to modern times The roots of British popular music for the rest of the 20th century and into the next were set during the 1950s Scotland is internationally known for its traditional music which has remained vibrant throughout the 20th century when many traditional forms worldwide lost popularity to Pop music In the 1970s, music from the United Kingdom further diversified Wales has a strong and distinctive tradition of Folk music related to the Celtic music of countries such as Ireland and Scotland. In the early 1980s in the United Kingdom, Punk rock diversified into genres such as Gothic rock (e Irish Music is the generic term for music that has been created in various genres on the entire island of Ireland, North and South of the border In the early 1990s American grunge bands such as Nirvana and Pearl Jam helped inspire the British alternative rock scene Music from Trinidad Large-scale Caribbean migration to England began in 1948 The music of India' includes multiple varieties of folk, popular, pop, and classical music. This article is concerned with Classical music in the sense elsewhere defined of formally composed and written music of chamber concert and church type as distinct from popular The history of Opera in the English language commences in the 17th century Music from the United Kingdom has lost great popularity since the 1960s when a wave of musicians helped to popularise Rock and roll. British rock and roll, or Brit rock, was born out of the influence of Rock and roll and Rhythm and blues from the United States, but added Jazz in Britain has been performed in the country since shortly after the music's first appearance on record in 1917 This is a summary of 1999 in music in the United Kingdom including the official charts from that year This is a summary of 2000 in music in the United Kingdom, including the official charts from that year This is a summary of 2001 in music in the United Kingdom, including the official charts from that year This is a summary of 2002 in music in the United Kingdom, including the official charts from that year This is a summary of 2003 in music in the United Kingdom, including the official charts from that year This article gives details on 2004 in music in the United Kingdom, including the official charts from that year This is a summary of 2005 in music in the United Kingdom, including the official charts This is a summary of 2006 in music in the United Kingdom including the official single and album charts This is a summary of the year 2007 in British music. It was the first year of Digital downloads being fully integrated into the charts leading to many songs not The Mercury Prize, formerly the Mercury Music Prize and currently known as the Nationwide Mercury Prize for Sponsorship reasons is an annual music prize The BRIT Awards, often simply called The BRITs, are the British Phonographic Industry 's annual pop music awards The Gramophone Awards are one of the most significant honours bestowed on the classical Record industry, often referred to as the Oscars for classical The UK Singles Chart is compiled by The Official UK Charts Company (OCC on behalf of the British record industry The UK classical chart is a commercial monitoring and marketing device used by the UK music industry to measure its effectiveness in promoting and selling albums nominally in the field The UK Albums Chart is a list of Albums ranked by sales in the United Kingdom. There are a large number of music festivals in the United Kingdom, covering a wide variety of genres Cambridge Folk Festival is an annual Music festival held on the site of Cherry Hinton Hall in Cherry Hinton, one of the villages subsumed by the city of Creamfields is a large Dance music festival featuring DJs and live acts The Download Festival is a three day Music festival held annually at Donington Park (which hosted the Monsters of Rock Festivals between 1980 and 1996 The Edinburgh International Festival is a festival of Performing arts that takes place in the city of Edinburgh, Scotland, over three weeks from around See also An eisteddfod (aɪˈstɛðvəd Welsh ə(iˈstɛðvɔd plural eisteddfodau or eisteddfods) is a Welsh Festival For the classical music and theatre festivals co-founded by Rutland Boughton between 1914 and 1926 see Glastonbury Festival (1914-1925 The For the Magic The Gathering expansion set see Homelands (Magic The Gathering. The Isle of Wight Festival is a Music festival which takes place annually on the Isle of Wight, England. The Royal National Mod, (Am Mòd Nàiseanta Rìoghail is the annual national mod, a festival of Scottish Gaelic song arts and culture The Proms, more formally known as The BBC Proms, or The Henry Wood Promenade Concerts presented by the BBC, is an eight-week summer season of daily Orchestral T in the Park is a major Music festival that has been held annually in Scotland since 1994 The V Festival is an annual music festival in England, the first to be held simultaneously at two sites - currently Hylands Park in Chelmsford and The New Musical Express (better known as the NME) is a Popular music Magazine in the United Kingdom which has been Melody Maker, published in the United Kingdom, was according to its publisher IPC Media, the world's oldest weekly Music Newspaper Mojo is a popular Music Magazine published by Bauer, monthly in the United Kingdom. Q is a Music Magazine published monthly in the United Kingdom, with a circulation of 130179 as of June 2007 The Wire is a British Avant garde music Magazine, founded in 1982 by jazz promoter Anthony Wood and journalist Chrissie Murray Gramophone is a magazine published monthly in London by Haymarket devoted to classical music and particularly recordings of classical A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's "God Save the Queen", or "God Save the King", is an anthem used in a number of Commonwealth realms It is the National This article is about Culture and the Arts in the city of Birmingham, England. Cornwall has been historically Celtic though Celtic-derived traditions had been Moribund for some time before being revived during a late 20th century Roots revival The Isle of Man is a small island nation in the Irish Sea, between Great Britain and Ireland. Manchester had an impressive music scene before 1976 with groups like The Hollies, The Bee Gees, Herman's Hermits, Wayne Fontana and The Mindbenders Here Northumbria is taken to mean the traditional counties of Northumberland, the northernmost county of England, and County Durham, Sunderland Scotland is internationally known for its traditional music which has remained vibrant throughout the 20th century when many traditional forms worldwide lost popularity to Pop music Somerset is a County in the southwest of England. The county has a well-documented and still vibrant Folk music heritage as it was studied by one of the Wales has a strong and distinctive tradition of Folk music related to the Celtic music of countries such as Ireland and Scotland. The music of Anguilla is part of the Lesser Antillean music area. Bermuda is an Atlantic island and an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, often treated as part of the Caribbean music area. The Cayman Islands a Caribbean island chain is a Crown Colony of the United Kingdom. Gibraltar is a British overseas territory with many musical influences Montserrat is a dependency of the United Kingdom. The influence of Irish traditions is apparent in Montserrat's symbols and heritage especially the Set dance -like The Turks and Caicos Islands are an overseas dependency of the United Kingdom. The music of the Virgin Islands reflects long-standing cultural ties to the island nations to the south as well as to various European colonialists Simon Harris' Music of Life label was home to rapper Derek B - the first UK rapper to achieve chart success. Simon Harris (born 1962 in London) is predominantly known as the founder of the British hip hop record label Music of Life, although he is also an influential Music of Life is a groundbreaking British independent dance music label formed in 1986 by two influential DJ remixers Froggy and Simon Harris. Derek B (born Derek Boland 15 January 1965, in London) is a British Rapper.

Building on Derek B's success, Music of Life went on to sign groups such as Hijack, the Demon Boyz, Hardnoise (later Son of Noise) and MC Duke. Derek B (born Derek Boland 15 January 1965, in London) is a British Rapper. Music of Life is a groundbreaking British independent dance music label formed in 1986 by two influential DJ remixers Froggy and Simon Harris. Hijack were a hip hop group from Brixton in London, featuring Kamanchi Sly, DJ Supreme, DJ Undercover, Ulysses The Demon Boyz were a British hip hop group formed in London by Demon D Mike J and DJ Devastate Hardnoise were one of the founding fathers of the British hip hop scene and - along with early label-mates Hijack - set the template for the UK hardcore MC Duke (later just Duke was a British rapper from the East End of London, who recorded with DJ Leader 1 Their Hard as Hell series mixed homegrown talent like Thrashpack and the She Rockers with US artists such as Professor Griff. The Hard as Hell series of compilation albums were produced and released by English label Music of Life records between 1987 and 1990. Thrashpack were a British hip hop group who released four singles on the Music of Life label between 1987 and 1990. The She Rockers were a female hip hop trio from London, the most famous member of which was Betty Boo (born Alison Moira Clarkson in Kensington Richard "Professor Griff" Griffin is an American Rapper and Spoken word artist and is a member of the Hip hop group Public Music of Life was swiftly followed by other labels such as Mango Records and Kold Sweat. Music of Life is a groundbreaking British independent dance music label formed in 1986 by two influential DJ remixers Froggy and Simon Harris. Mango Records was a London based subsidiary of Island Records. Kold Sweat were a record label founded in the early 1990s by Angelo Starr releasing predominantly British hip hop records Another successful British hip-hop artist that emerged from Music of life, was Usher D[1], due to being originally from Jamaica, he would often mix hip-hop with reggae music.

Moving away from its US roots, British hip hop started to develop its own sounds: acts like Hijack, II Tone Committee, Hardnoise, and Silver Bullet developed a fast and hardcore style, while many other acts took influences from elsewhere. Hijack were a hip hop group from Brixton in London, featuring Kamanchi Sly, DJ Supreme, DJ Undercover, Ulysses II Tone Committee aka Tones of Twice, composed of Mista Bohze Defy Sace and DJ Krashslaughta and emerged from the Glasgow Hip Hop scene of the late 80’s History Hardnoise were one of the founding fathers of the British hip hop scene and - along with early label-mates Hijack - set the template for the UK hardcore Silver Bullet was a rapper born in and raised in London, England. Hardcore hip hop is a form of Hip hop music that developed in the late 1980s

Caveman and Outlaw Posse developed a jazz influenced style, whilst MC Mell'O' mixed jazz and hardcore. Caveman was a British hip hop group originally from High Wycombe consisting of MCM the Principal and Diamond J Outlaw Posse were a British hip hop group formed by Bello B (real name Isaac Bello and K-Gee (real name Karl Gordon MC Mell'O' comes from Battersea in south London, and was originally known for his bodypopping skills rather than his rapping going under the tag Moomin Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States London Posse and Black Radical Mk II were more influenced by Reggae, whilst the Wee Papa Girl Rappers, Cookie Crew and Monie Love achieved chart success with more radio friendly hip hop. London Posse were one of the earliest groups to emerge from the British hip hop scene initially being formed by Sipho the Human Beatbox who asked friends Rodney P Black Radical Mk II is a British hip hop artist from North London - Tottenham, real name Felix Joseph (born 1970 Reggae is a Music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s The Wee Papa Girl Rappers were one of the first female British hip hop groups to make an impact Cookie Crew were a rap music duo formed in Clapham, South London in 1983. Simone Wilson or Simone Gooden (born July 2, 1970, in London) known by her Stage name Monie Love, is a female English

Other acts and styles developed from the hip hop scene, resulting in new genres to describe them - for example Massive Attack^[16] with trip hop, or Galliano with Acid Jazz. Massive Attack are an English Trip hop group founded in 1988 by Robert Del Naja, Grantley Marshall, and Andrew Vowles in Bristol Trip hop is a music Genre also known as the Bristol sound or Bristol acid rap. Galliano was a London based Acid jazz group which started up in 1988 Acid jazz (also known as groove jazz in USA is a Musical genre that combines elements of Jazz, Funk and Hip-hop Most

False dawn: 1985

Despite the chart success of some British born hip hop artists - for example Slick Rick, Young MC and Zev Love X, who all moved to the US at an early age - the majority of the scene was still underground and small scale. Ricky Walters (born January 14 1965) better known by Stage names Slick Rick, MC Ricky D and Rick the Ruler, is a Grammy Marvin Young (born May 10 1967) better known by his stage name Young MC is an American rapper. Daniel Dumile (duːməleɪ is a British born American hip hop artist who has taken on several Stage names in his career most famously MF

A mindset began to develop - typified by the Gunshot tune "No Sell Out",1991 or Son of Noise's tune "Poor But Hardcore", 1992 - that distrusted successful artists who did not utilise the hardcore style most associated with the scene. Gunshot was a British hip hop group formed by MC Mercury, MC Alkaline, Q-Roc and DJ White Child Rix in the area of Leyton Hardnoise were one of the founding fathers of the British hip hop scene and - along with early label-mates Hijack - set the template for the UK hardcore Silver Bullet's chart success was applauded due to an uncompromisingly rapid delivery, whereas Derek B and Rebel MC were scorned when their more pop influenced styles earned them success. Silver Bullet was a rapper born in and raised in London, England. Derek B (born Derek Boland 15 January 1965, in London) is a British Rapper. Conquering Lion (aka Congo Natty aka Rebel MC aka Tribe Of Issachar aka X Project aka Ras Project) is the Stage name of Such artists were often branded "sell outs".

Hip Hop Connection - the first major British hip hop magazine - was founded in 1989 and by the early 1990s the British hip hop scene seemed to be thriving. Hip Hop Connection (HHC is the longest running monthly periodical devoted entirely to Hip hop culture. Not only was there a firm base of rappers in London - such as Blade, Black Radical Mk II and Overlord X - but many distinct scenes developed nationally. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Blade (Born August 2 19?? is a British rapper born in the Armenian quarter of Iran and came to Black Radical Mk II is a British hip hop artist from North London - Tottenham, real name Felix Joseph (born 1970 Overlord X (real name BJ Balogun born in Hackney) was one of the earliest British hip hop artists to receive national acclaim in the UK with his most well known

Bristol's scene (specifically, the St. Pauls area) produced The Wild Bunch (later better known as Massive Attack), and major crews like the Scratch Perverts and Smith & Mighty, and later became the home of trip hop. St Pauls is an inner Suburb of Bristol, England, situated just north east of the City centre and west of the M32. Massive Attack are an English Trip hop group founded in 1988 by Robert Del Naja, Grantley Marshall, and Andrew Vowles in Bristol The Scratch Perverts are a collective of turntablist DJs from the UK, formed in 1996 by Tony Vegas, Prime Cuts and DJ Renegade Smith & Mighty are a Drum & Bass / Trip hop group from Bristol, consisting of Rob Smith, Ray Mighty and Peter D Rose Discography Trip hop is a music Genre also known as the Bristol sound or Bristol acid rap.

Nottingham was the birthplace of the Stereo MCs, whilst Leeds spawned Braintax and Breaking the Illusion (who both founded Low Life Records) as well as Nightmares on Wax. Stereo MCs are an English Electronica group. Members "The Head" - born Nick Hallam, 11 June Braintax is a British hip hop artist and producer Joe Christie had also recorded or appeared under the pseudonyms Brando Flux and Joey Brains Low Life Records was an Independent record label promoting UK hip hop music Nightmares on Wax is DJ and musician George Evelyn (born c 1970 also known as DJ EASE (Experimental Sample Expert from Leeds, UK.

Greater Manchester gave birth to the Ruthless Rap Assassins, Krispy 3 (later Krispy), the Kaliphz and MC Tunes. The Kaliphz were a British hip hop crew formed in Rochdale by 2-Phaan (real name Mush Khan and Jabba da Hype MC Tunes (born Nicky Lockett, 1970 is a British Rapper from Moss Side, Manchester.

As the scene grew, it became less common for British rappers to imitate American accents (those that did were often ridiculed) and British rap became more assured of its identity.

Caveman signed to a major label - Profile Records, the label home of Run DMC - and Kold Sweat came into their own, discovering groups like The SL Troopers, Dynametrix,Unanimous Decision and Katch 22, whose "Diary of a Blackman" was banned by Radio 1 for using a sound clip from the National Front. Caveman was a British hip hop group originally from High Wycombe consisting of MCM the Principal and Diamond J Profile Records was a Record label known as Panorama Records until Cory Robbins and Steve Plotnicki bought the label from MCA Records. Run-DMC was a pioneering hip hop group during the 1980s founded by Joseph "[The Reverend] Run" Simmons, Darryl "D Kold Sweat were a record label founded in the early 1990s by Angelo Starr releasing predominantly British hip hop records A Unanimous Decision is a winning criterion in several Full-contact Combat sports such as Boxing, Kickboxing, Muay Thai,

In 1991, Hijack released The Horns of Jericho (Rhyme Syndicate Records, 1991) on Ice-T's recently formed Rhyme Syndicate label. Hijack were a hip hop group from Brixton in London, featuring Kamanchi Sly, DJ Supreme, DJ Undercover, Ulysses The Rhyme Syndicate was Ice-T 's posse of Rappers DJs and friends The Rhyme Syndicate also lent its name to Ice-T's first record company Rhyme The first single, "The Badman is Robbin'", was a top 40 hit and they went on sell more than 30,000 albums.

The predicted UK hip hop boom never achieved its predicted success. The Horns of Jericho (Rhyme Syndicate Records, 1991) was never released in the US, while record companies dropped artists, citing poor sales and lack of interest. Mango Records closed down, and the British public began to turn their affections to drum n bass (jungle), a fusion of hip hop and ragga. Mango Records was a London based subsidiary of Island Records. Oldskool jungle is the name given to a style of Electronic music that incorporates influences from genres including Breakbeat hardcore, techno,

British hip hop was also affected by the record industry clamping down on sampling, beginning to charge for the use of samples and prosecuting those who used them without permission. In Music, sampling is the act of taking a portion or sample, of one Sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or element of a new recording Larger US acts could afford to licence samples and still turn a profit for their labels, a luxury not available to many smaller UK artists.

The next generation

As the old rappers left the scene, a new generation, raised on hip hop and electronica, was coming of age: The Herbaliser released Remedies (Ninja Tune, 1995), Mr Scruff released the "Frolic EP Pt 1" (Pleasure Music, 1995), Mark B released "Any More Questions?" (Jazz Fudge, 1995) and DJ Skitz released "Where My Mind Is At/Blessed Be The Manor" (Ronin Records, 1996) featuring a young rapper called Roots Manuva on guest vocals who had previously released the single "Next Type of Motion" (Sound of Money, 1995). Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Electronica includes a wide range of contemporary Electronic music designed for a wide range The Herbaliser is a Jazz / hip-hop band formed by Jake Wherry and Ollie Teeba and in London, England during the early 1990s Ninja Tune is a London -based Independent record label started in 1991 by DJs Matt Black and Jonathan More, better known as Coldcut Mr Scruff is the recording name of Andy Carthy (born in 1972 in Macclesfield, England) a British DJ and artist Roots Manuva (born Rodney Smith, 1972 is a rapper from Stockwell, South London.

Record labels that attempted to merge British hip hop style and sensibilities with modern dance music began to emerge, like Mark Rae's Grand Central (home to Aim, Rae & Christian, and Fingathing, among others) or DJ Vadim's Jazz Fudge. Mark Rae was the head of Independent record label Grand Central Records and one half of DJ and production duo Rae & Christian. Grand Central Records was an Independent record label based in the Northern Quarter of Manchester, UK. DJ Vadim (aka Vadim Peare is a prolific DJ and producer born in St Increasingly, these artists managed to avoid the issues surrounding sampling by making music themselves (bands such as the Stereo MCs began playing instruments and sampling their own tunes) or searching out more obscure records where a most cost effective licensing deal could be arranged. Stereo MCs are an English Electronica group. Members "The Head" - born Nick Hallam, 11 June

British hip hop began to go through a renaissance,^[17] its style shifting from the hardcore template of its youth and moving into more melodic territory.

In 1998 Mark B and Blade released "Hitmen for Hire EP", which featured guest appearances from Lewis Parker and Mr Thing (of the Scratch Perverts). Blade (Born August 2 19?? is a British rapper born in the Armenian quarter of Iran and came to Lewis Parker is thought of as the definitive British hip-hop producer Mr Thing is a British Hip hop producer. He is a former member of the Scratch Perverts. The Scratch Perverts are a collective of turntablist DJs from the UK, formed in 1996 by Tony Vegas, Prime Cuts and DJ Renegade The EP was a success, and led to the successful 2001 album The Unknown. Roots Manuva, Blak Twang, Mud Family, Task Force, Phi Life Cypher, Jeep Beat Collective and Ty all came to the public's attention, while veteran acts Rodney P, Mike J, and MC Mell'O' returned to the scene. Roots Manuva (born Rodney Smith, 1972 is a rapper from Stockwell, South London. Blak Twang, born Tony Olabode in Manchester, England who also uses the Pseudonyms of Taipanic and Tony Rotton, is a British rapper Mud Family is a North London -based UK hip hop crew formed by Skinnyman, Mongo and Chester P in the 1990s Task Force is an underground British hip hop group from Highbury in London, England. Phi Life Cypher is a British hip hop group based in Luton and signed to the Zebra Traffic label Ty is the recording name of British hip-hop artist Ben Chijioke Rodney P (born Rodney Panton in Battersea, London) is an English MC who entered the UK hip hop scene in the 1980s The Demon Boyz were a British hip hop group formed in London by Demon D Mike J and DJ Devastate MC Mell'O' comes from Battersea in south London, and was originally known for his bodypopping skills rather than his rapping going under the tag Moomin

21st century

A new generation of artists emerged following the turn of the century, including Nicky Spesh, Whitecoat, Foreign Beggars The Fuhrerman and Jehst. Nicky Spesh hails from North London, England. An emerging member of the British hip hop and Grime scene alongside the likes of Sway DaSafo Foreign Beggars are a critically acclaimed British hip hop group based in London William G Shields (born 25 December 1979 better known as Jehst or a slew of aliases including The High Plains Drifter and Jay Star is an English rapper and At the same time a new style of electronic music emerging in the early 2000s, influenced heavily by hip hop and UK garage. Electronic music is music that employs Electronic musical instruments and Electronic Music technology in its production UK Garage ( UKG) is an umbrella term that refers to several different varieties of modern Electronic dance music generally connected to the evolution of house The new genre was dubbed grime (sometimes called eskibeat or sublow). Grime is a genre of music which emerged in London, UK, primarily a development of UK garage, Dancehall, and hip hop. Notable grime acts include Dizzee Rascal, J-Dawg, Wiley, Sway DaSafo, Lady Sovereign, Ghetto, AC & Terra and Kano. Dylan Mills (born 1985 in Bow, East London) known professionally as Dizzee Rascal, is a British Rapper, Record producer and Richard Kylea Cowie (born 19 January, 1979) better known by his stage name Wiley is a British Grime producer and Derek Andrew Safo (born 5 September, 1982) is a British hip hop Rapper of Ghanaian origins who uses the stage names Louise Amanda Harman (born 19 December 1985) known as Lady Sovereign, is an English Rapper. Justin Juee Clarke Samuel(born 9 October 1984of Jamaican/ Grenadian decent better known by his stage name Ghetto or Ghets is a grime rapper from Plaistow, Kane Brett Robinson (born 21 May 1985 in East Ham, Newham, London) better known as Kano, is a British

There is some controversy over whether grime is a subgenre of British hip hop or a genre in its own right. Early records such as Pow (Forward Riddim) by Lethal Bizzle made numerous references to guns and were subsequently banned from receiving air play. Lethal Bizzle (also known as Lethal B born 14th September 1984 Maxwell Ansah is a Rapper from Walthamstow, East London, born to Ghanaian

Further success followed as The Streets released his 2002 album Original Pirate Material, and became one of the first of the new breed of British hip hop artists to gain respectable sales, though his verbal style resulted in him being shunned by many artists in the scene. Mike Skinner (born 27 November 1978) more commonly known by his stage name The Streets, is a Rapper from Birmingham, England Such success has caused a surge in media exposure of other British hip hop acts.

Women have contributed to hip hop’s evolution in Britain from the Beginning. At first they played upon their more masculine characteristics, like Monie Love and Queen Latifa. As the industry grew, women began to play on their sexuality. They slowly faded from the spotlight, until recently. The current British hip hop scene features strong women like Estelle and Ms Dynamite. These women more fairly represent British women. Welsh rap group Goldie Lookin' Chain also achieved chart success with their tongue-in-cheek take on hip hop. The Welsh people ( Welsh: Cymro ("Welshman" Cymraes ("Welsh woman" Cymry ("Welshmen/women" Cymry Not to be confused with GLC the American rapper or the Greater London Council Goldie Lookin Chain is a rap-pop music group based in Newport

In November 2005, BBC News picked up on the growing success of what it terms Brithop, describing the growing number of urban, hip-hop and grime acts emerging in the 21st century. Grime is a genre of music which emerged in London, UK, primarily a development of UK garage, Dancehall, and hip hop. ^[2] The BBC article followed the success of rapper Sway at the MOBO awards. Derek Andrew Safo (born 5 September, 1982) is a British hip hop Rapper of Ghanaian origins who uses the stage names Other subcultures have emerged in Britain due to the availability and accessibility of hip-hop, most notably that of clip-hop in southern England and youn in Scotland.

A new generation of hip-hop producers such as Shief (who's currently working with Nathan Alan (drummer for Amy Winehouse), along with Tia Jean who's song written for Beyonce) also contributed to the scene; more notable names are Joe Buddha, who has worked with hip-hop acts such as Estelle (a British female rapper & vocalist) & Klashnekoff. Darren Kandler, known by his stage name Klashnekoff (pronounced K-Lash-Nek-Off or Ricochet Klashnekoff, is a British rapper from Aldershot Other producers include Virtu-oso who has worked with Persona Bars and other producers like Harry Love who has worked with the likes of Jehst and Verb T. Harry Love is a British hip hop Record producer and Dj from Laylow Ladbroke Grove London William G Shields (born 25 December 1979 better known as Jehst or a slew of aliases including The High Plains Drifter and Jay Star is an English rapper and Verb T is a UK hip-hop artist based in London. He has released three albums and two EPs as well as numerous singles As well as collaborating with rappers, some producers also do their own projects, e. g. Joe Buddha has an album with Klasnekoff entitled, Lionheart- Tussle With The Beast & Virtu-oso has an EP he released for free entitled, The Short Film EP. An extended play ( EP) is a Vinyl record, CD, or Music download which contains more music than a single, but is too short to qualify Some producers have garnered respect in the US, with producers like Lewis Parker collaborating with Ghostface Killah on his albums Fishscale and More Fish

The internet has also become a prominent tool in the creation, promotion and distribution of British hip hop music. Lewis Parker is thought of as the definitive British hip-hop producer Dennis Coles, better known by his Stage name Ghostface Killah, is an American rapper and member of the Wu-Tang Clan. This article is about an album entitled fishscale Information on the scales of a fish can be found at fish scale. More Fish is the sixth solo album from Ghostface Killah, released on December 12, 2006 through the Def Jam label.

In the past, women in the various genres that fall under the umbrella of hip hop have been largely portrayed as sex objects, sultry seductresses, temperamental divas, or some combination of these. ^[18] Recently, several female artists who defy these stereotypes have emerged on the UK scene. Grime artist, Lady Sovereign has achieved huge success both in the UK and the US with her tomboy style. ^[19] Ms Dynamite (also known as Lady Dynamite), who released her first album in 2002, has become known for the straightforward political and social commentary in her music. ^[20]Singer, songwriter, and rapper Estelle said of the difficult position of female rappers “I think they get a tough ride because some of them don’t see themselves above and beyond the bull shit and no one’s really given them that break. ”^[21]

Dizzee Rascal has been a huge success in the British hip-hop world where he brings his own unique style and flavor to the table. In a sense he’s a reflection of the gangster American rap in Britain in an interview Dizzee showed his stab wounds like 50 cent and 2pac “he represents the same old story told from Vallejo to Kansas City to Kingston to Cap Town, rap that talks locally and connects globally. ”^[22]In the article titled Britain’s Great Black Hip-Hop Hope Sanneh says that what makes Dizzee’s hip-hop style different from the American hip-hop is the British language that built around rhythms of speech. Dizzee managed to create his own style and beats that sound very distinctive from the American hip-hop music. The author of the article also says that “he may dress like an American rapper, but he loves American hip-hop too much to imitate it. ”^[23] During 2003 he also won the Mercury Prize.

Dizzee Rascal's embrace of the "gangster style of hip-hop," however, has brought about criticism from political figures like David Blunkett, who worries that Brit hip-hop may perpetuate violence. ^[24] But, there are British artists that argue that British Hip-hop should not be lumped together/considered the same as American Hip-hop. British hip-hop, claims Roots Manuva, "is more healthy" than hip-hop, and is about making the music, not exploiting wealth or hitting it rich. ^[25]. This is what distinguishes British Hip-hop from American Hip-hop which is considered more commercial/international.

In 2007 The Fuhrerman a young and upcoming outspoken artist released a mixtape. He uses a raw energy and poetic style simmilar to Eminem or Nas ignoring his british accent. In recent raps he has been known to highlight the influx of immigrants in England and the terrorist boming attacks in ecent history. He said he enjoys speaking his mind and its only the truth which annoys people

An example of the historical journey of British hip-hop can be heard in the 74 minute mix An England Story [2] produced by the Heatwave [3]. The mix negotiates the relationship between the UK and the Caribbean through its rhythms, beat patterns, and various styles of vocal expression, tracing the transformation of music in the UK from 1983 onward, from reggae to grime and beyond. Reggae is a Music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s GrimE (Grim Engine is an Adventure game engine, created by Bret Mogilefsky at LucasArts using the Free software scripting language ^[26]

Women

Women have contributed to hip hop’s evolution in Britain from the Beginning. ^[27]At first they played upon their more masculine characteristics, like Monie Love and Queen Latifa. As the industry grew, women began to play on their sexuality. They slowly faded from the spotlight, until recently. The current British hip hop scene features strong women like Estelle and Ms Dynamite. These women more fairly represent British women. ^[28]

In the past, women in the various genres that fall under the umbrella of hip hop have been largely portrayed as sex objects, sultry seductresses, temperamental divas, or some combination of these. [15] Recently, several female artists who defy these stereotypes have emerged on the UK scene. Grime artist, Lady Sovereign has achieved huge success both in the UK and the US with her tomboy style. [16] Ms Dynamite (also known as Lady Dynamite), who released her first album in 2002, has become known for the straightforward political and social commentary in her music. [17]Singer, songwriter, and rapper Estelle said of the difficult position of female rappers “I think they get a tough ride because some of them don’t see themselves above and beyond the bull shit and no one’s really given them that break. ”[18]

References

See also

• Music of the United Kingdom
• Hip hop
• Grime
• UK garage
• Scottish hip-hop

External links

• ukhh.com
• UKGraffiti.com
• britishhiphop.co.uk
• leedshiphop.co.uk
• ukrunnings.co.uk
• ragomagazine.com

Music from the United Kingdom has lost great popularity since the 1960s when a wave of musicians helped to popularise Rock and roll. Hip hop is a cultural movement which developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among African Americans and Latinos. Grime is a genre of music which emerged in London, UK, primarily a development of UK garage, Dancehall, and hip hop. UK Garage ( UKG) is an umbrella term that refers to several different varieties of modern Electronic dance music generally connected to the evolution of house Scottish hip-hop is the Scottish manifestation of the Hip hop culture comprising the five elements of MCing, DJing, Beatboxing,

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