A breakfast cereal is a packaged food product made from cereal intended to be consumed as part of a breakfast. Breakfast is the first meal of the day The word derives from the idea of break ing the '''fast''' of sleep It is usually eaten cold as a ready to eat meal and mixed with a liquid, such as milk or water, though occasionally yoghurt and fruit are also added. Milk is an opaque white liquid produced by the Mammary glands of female Mammals (including Monotremes. Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. Yoghurt, yogurt, yoghourt, youghurt or yogourt (see spelling below is a The exception to the rule are cereals such as oatmeal and porridge, which are eaten hot. Breakfast cereal health benefits There has been increasing interest in oatmeal in recent years due to its beneficial health effects Porridge, or porage, is a simple dish made by boiling Oats (normally crushed oats occasionally Oatmeal) or another cereal in Water

Breakfast cereals are marketed to all ages. For adults, companies such as Kellogg's, Sanitarium, Quaker Oats, Post, Nestlé, and General Mills promote their products for the health benefits gained from eating oat-based and high-fiber cereals. Kellogg Company (often referred to as simply Kellogg or Kellogg's, or even more formally Kellogg's of Battle Creek) is an American multinational The Sanitarium Health Food Company is a food company in Australia and New Zealand that produces a large range of breakfast cereals as well as a range The Quaker Oats Company is an American food conglomerate based in Chicago. Post Cereals (formerly Postum Cereals) was founded by C W Post. Nestlé is a multinational packaged food company founded and headquartered in Vevey, Switzerland General Mills ( is a Fortune 500 Corporation, mainly concerned with Food products which is headquartered in Golden Valley, Minnesota Oats redirects here It may mean either the common cereal oat discussed here or any cultivated or wild species of the Genus Avena. Dietary fibers are the indigestible portion of plant foods that move food through the Digestive system, absorbing water and easing Defecation. Manufacturers often fortify breakfast cereals with various vitamins and advertise this fact to attract customers. A vitamin is an Organic compound required as a Nutrient in tiny amounts by an Organism. Cereals with relatively high sugar content are also produced. Sugar is a class of edible Crystalline substances mainly Sucrose, Lactose, and Fructose.

The breakfast cereal industry is highly profitable, with gross profit margins around 40-45%,^[1] 90% penetration in some markets,^[2] and steady and continued growth throughout its history. ^[3]

Contents 1 History 1.1 Post 1.2 The 20th century 2 Muesli 3 Hot cereals 3.1 Canada 3.2 China 3.3 Greece 3.4 India 3.5 Russia 3.6 South Africa 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 6.1 External links

History

Breakfast cereals have their beginnings in the vegetarian movement in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, which influenced members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in the United States. Vegetarianism is the practice of a diet that excludes Meat (including game and slaughter by-products Fish (including Shellfish and other sea The Seventh-day Adventist (abbreviated " Adventist " Church is a Christian denomination which is distinguished mainly by its observance ^[4] The main Western breakfast at that time was a cooked breakfast of eggs, bacon, sausage, and beef. Western culture (sometimes equated with Western Civilization) are terms which are used to refer to Cultures of European origin An egg is a round or oval body laid by the female of many animals consisting of an Ovum surrounded by layers of Membranes and an outer casing which acts to nourish Bacon is a cut of Meat taken from the sides belly or back of a Pig that has been cured, smoked, or both A sausage is a prepared Food, usually made from Ground meat, animal fat salt and Spices (sometimes with other ingredients such as herbs typically packed Beef is the Culinary name for Meat from Bovines especially domestic Cattle (cows The first breakfast cereal, Granula (named after granules) was invented in the United States in 1863 by James Caleb Jackson, operator of the Jackson Sanitorium in Dansville, New York and a staunch vegetarian. Granula was the first manufactured Breakfast cereal invented by James Caleb Jackson in 1863. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the James Caleb Jackson ( March 28, 1811 - 1895 was the inventor of the first dry Whole grain Breakfast cereal which he called Granula Dansville is a Village in Livingston County, New York, United States. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The cereal never became popular; it was far too inconvenient, as the heavy bran nuggets needed soaking overnight before they were tender enough to eat.

The next generation of breakfast cereals was considerably more convenient, and, combined with clever marketing, they finally managed to catch on. In 1877, John Harvey Kellogg, operator of the Battle Creek Sanitarium in Battle Creek, Michigan, invented a biscuit made of ground-up wheat, oat, and cornmeal for his patients suffering from bowel problems. John Harvey Kellogg ( February 26, 1852 &ndash December 14, 1943) was an American Medical doctor in Battle Creek The Battle Creek Sanitarium, in Battle Creek, Michigan, United States, first opened on September 5, 1866 as the Western Health Wheat ( Triticum spp is a worldwide cultivated grass from the Levant area of the Middle East. Oats redirects here It may mean either the common cereal oat discussed here or any cultivated or wild species of the Genus Avena. Cornmeal is Flour ground from dried corn, and is a common Staple food. The product was initially also named "Granula", but changed to "Granola" after a lawsuit. His most famous contribution, however, was an accident. After leaving a batch of boiled wheat soaking overnight and rolling it out, Kellogg had created wheat flakes. His brother Will Keith Kellogg later invented corn flakes from a similar method, bought out his brother's share in their business, and went on to found the Kellogg Company in 1906. Will Keith Kellogg, usually referred to as W K Kellogg ( April 7, 1860 &ndash October 6, 1951) was a U Corn flakes are a popular Breakfast cereal originally manufactured by Kellogg's through the treatment of corn. With his shrewd marketing and advertising, Kellogg's sold their one millionth case after three years.

Post

Charles William Post, a patient at the Battle Creek Sanitarium, also made significant contributions to breakfast cereals. Charles William Post ( October 26 1854 - May 9 1914) also known as C After his 1893 visit, he started his own sanitarium, the La Vita Inn, and developed his own coffee substitute, Postum. Postum was a powdered Roasted grain beverage sold by the Kraft Foods company as a Coffee substitute. In 1897, Post invented Grape-Nuts and, coupled with a nation-wide advertising campaign, became a leader in the cereal business. Grape-Nuts is a Breakfast cereal developed by C W Post in 1897

The 20th century

In the 1930s, the first puffed cereal, Kix, went on the market. Kix, the first "puffed" cereal, was introduced in 1937 by the General Mills cereal company of Golden Valley, Minnesota. Beginning after World War II, the big breakfast cereal companies – now including General Mills, who entered the market in 1924 with Wheaties – increasingly started to target children. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including General Mills ( is a Fortune 500 Corporation, mainly concerned with Food products which is headquartered in Golden Valley, Minnesota Wheaties, a wheat and bran mixture baked into flakes is a Breakfast cereal introduced in 1924 and marketed by the General Sugar was added, and the once-healthy breakfasts began to look starkly different from their fiber-rich ancestors; Kellogg's Sugar Smacks, created in 1953, had 56% sugar by weight. Honey Smacks is a sweetened puffed Wheat Breakfast cereal made by Kellogg's. ^[5] Different mascots were introduced, first with the Rice Krispies elves and later pop icons like Tony the Tiger and the Trix Rabbit. Rice Krispies (known as Rice Bubbles in Australia) is a Brand of Breakfast cereal that was created in 1927 by Kellogg's and released Tony the Tiger (El Tigre Toño is the Advertising Cartoon Mascot for Kellogg 's Frosted Flakes (also known as Frosties Trix is a brand of Breakfast cereal made by General Mills for the North American market

Because of Kellogg, the city of Battle Creek, Michigan is nicknamed the "cereal city". ^[6]

Muesli

Main article: Muesli

Muesli is a popular breakfast cereal based on uncooked rolled oats, fruit and nuts. Muesli is a popular Breakfast cereal based on uncooked Rolled oats, fruit and nuts Rolled oats are traditionally oat Groats that have been rolled into flat flakes under heavy rollers It was developed around 1900 by the Swiss physician Maximilian Bircher-Benner for patients in his hospital. Maximilian Oskar Bircher-Benner ( August 22, 1867 &ndash January 24, 1939) was a Swiss Physician and a pioneer in ^[7] It is available in a packaged dry form such as Alpen, or it can be made fresh. Alpen is the brand name of a Muesli cereal that includes Wheat, Raisins Hazelnuts Almonds and Oats manufactured by the

Hot cereals

Most hot cereals can be classified as porridges, in that they consist of cereal grains which are soaked and/or boiled to soften them and make them palatable. Porridge, or porage, is a simple dish made by boiling Oats (normally crushed oats occasionally Oatmeal) or another cereal in Water

Canada

Common hot cereals in Canada include oatmeal, Cream of Wheat and Red River cereal. Breakfast cereal health benefits There has been increasing interest in oatmeal in recent years due to its beneficial health effects Cream of Wheat is a hot Breakfast cereal invented in 1893 by wheat millers in Grand Forks North Dakota. Red River Cereal is a Porridge, or hot cereal made of Wheat, Rye, and Flax, produced in Canada, with some availability elsewhere These hot cereals are typically served with maple syrup or brown sugar and milk or cream. Yoghurt is a popular addition to Red River cereal. Yoghurt, yogurt, yoghourt, youghurt or yogourt (see spelling below is a Due to commercial availability, instant oatmeal has become increasingly popular, in flavors such as peaches and cream, maple and brown sugar, and cinnamon raisin.

China

In China, a popular breakfast combination is fried bread and rice congee. Youtiao, you char kway, or yau ja gwai, sometimes known in English as Chinese cruller or fried bread stick,

Greece

In Greece, cornmeal is poured into boiling milk to create a cereal of a thick consistency which is often served to young children. Cornmeal is Flour ground from dried corn, and is a common Staple food.

India

In India, a popular breakfast combination is poha and milk. Flattened rice (also called beaten rice) is a dehusked rice which is flattened into flat light dry flakes Milk is an opaque white liquid produced by the Mammary glands of female Mammals (including Monotremes. Poha is flattened rice flakes or wheat flakes and mixed with hot milk, sugar or jaggery and a minute quantity of cardamom, making a wholesome breakfast. Jaggery (also Transliterated as jaggeree) is a traditional unrefined Sugar used throughout South and South East Asia The name cardamom (or cardamon is used for herbs within two genera of the Ginger family Zingiberaceae, namely Elettaria and Amomum This is very popular in West India. History (For detailed history please read the respective articles of the three western states Maharashtra, Goa, Gujarat) Parts of Gujarat In North India, a similar breakfast is Dalia, made with whole wheat grits. It can be made both sweet(cooked in milk with sugar) or salty (cooked in water using vegetables)

Russia

In Russia, a popular breakfast is kasha, a porridge of buckwheat (гречка), farina (манна), or other grains. Kasha is a Porridge commonly eaten in Eastern Europe. In English kasha generally refers to Buckwheat groats but in Slavic countries kasha Kasha is found throughout much of Eastern Europe, including Poland, Croatia, and Lithuania.

South Africa

Pap is a kind of porridge used in a variety of African meals eaten throughout the day. Pap ( a traditional Porridge made from Mielie-meal (ground Maize or other grain is a Staple food of the Bantu inhabitants of In other parts of Africa it is known as ugali, sadza, and banku.

Porridge brands unique to South Africa include Jungle Oats and Bokomo Maltabella (made from malted sorghum). ^[8]

See also

• Cereal box prize
• Cerealicious
• Farina
• Grits
• List of breakfast cereals

Notes

References

• Breakfast Cereals and How They Are Made, Elwood F. Caldwell, American Association of Cereal Chemists, 2000, ISBN 1891127152
• Cerealizing America: The Unsweetened Story of American Breakfast Cereal , Scott Bruce, Faber & Faber, 1995, ISBN 0571198511

External links

• Cereal Buzz: Breakfast Cereal News & Reviews
• Breakfast Cereal Compared - Nutrition facts and ingredients of 50 popular cereals compared side-by-side.
• The Early Days of Breakfast Cereals
• The History of Cereal
• Post Heritage

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