Brazzaville Brazzaville Map of the Republic of Congo showing Brazzaville. Coordinates: 4°16′S 15°17′E / -4.267, 15.283 Capital district Brazzaville Government  - Governor Hugues Ngouélondélé Area  - City 100 km² (38. A capital territory or capital District is normally a specially designated Administrative division where a Country 's seat of Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 6 sq mi) Population (2001)[1] [2]  - City 1,018,541  - Urban 1. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. 5 million  - Metro Incl. Kinshasa: 9 million

Brazzaville district

Brazzaville is the capital and largest city of the Republic of the Congo and is located on the Congo River. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central Kinshasa (formerly French: Léopoldville, formerly Dutch: Leopoldstad, German: Leopoldstadt) is the Capital The Republic of the Congo (République du Congo Kongo: Repubilika ya Kongo; Lingala: Republiki ya Kongó) also known as Congo-Brazzaville The Congo River (for a time known as the Zaire River) is the largest River in Western Central Africa. As of the 2001 census, it has a population of 1,018,541 in the city proper, and about 1. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. 5 million in total when including the suburbs located in the Pool Region. Pool is a region of the Republic of the Congo in the southeastern part of the country ^[1] The populous city of Kinshasa (more than 7 million inhabitants in 2004),^[2] capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, lies just across the Congo River from Brazzaville. Kinshasa (formerly French: Léopoldville, formerly Dutch: Leopoldstad, German: Leopoldstadt) is the Capital The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo often referred to as DR Congo, DRC or RDC, and formerly known or referred to Together with Kinshasa, the combined conurbation of Kinshasa-Brazzaville has thus nearly 9 million inhabitants. A conurbation is an Urban area or Agglomeration comprising a number of Cities, large Towns and larger urban areas that through Population

Brazzaville was founded in 1880 on the site of a village named Nkuna by an Italian born French explorer, Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza, after whom the city was named. Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Pietro Paolo Savorgnan di Brazzà, best known as Pierre Paul François Camille Savorgnan de Brazza ( January 26, 1852 - September 14, Over a third of the population of the Republic of Congo lives in the capital, and it is home to 40% of non-agricultural employment. It is also a financial and administrative capital.

Geography

Kinshasa seen from Brazzaville. The two capitals are separated by the Congo River

Brazzaville is located at 4°16′S, 15°17′E [1]. In order to distinguish between the two African countries with "Congo" in their names, the Republic of the Congo is sometimes called Congo-Brazzaville, as opposed to Congo-Kinshasa (the Democratic Republic of the Congo, known from 1971 to 1997 as Zaire, the capital of which is Kinshasa). The Republic of Zaire (pronunciation; République du Zaïre was the name of the present Democratic Republic of the Congo between October 27, 1971 Kinshasa (formerly French: Léopoldville, formerly Dutch: Leopoldstad, German: Leopoldstadt) is the Capital Kinshasa lies on the southern bank of the Congo, across from Brazzaville. This is the only place in the world where two national capital cities are situated on opposite banks of a river, within sight of each other.

While Kinshasa lies to the south, Brazzaville lies to the north of the Congo River. The city is 506 km (314 mi) inland from the Atlantic Ocean and south of the equator. The equator (sometimes referred to colloquially as "the Line") is the intersection of the Earth 's surface with the plane perpendicular to the The city is a commune that is separated from the other regions of the republic; it is surrounded by the Pool Region. |||}The Republic of the Congo is divided into ten Regions ( régions, singular région) (capitals in parentheses Bouenza ( Around the city is a large savanna. A savanna or savannah is a Tropical or Subtropical Grassland or Woodland Ecosystem. The town is relatively flat, and situated at an altitude of 317 metres (1,040 ft).

History

The city was founded on 10 September 1880 on the site of a village named Nkuna by a Franco-Italian explorer, Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza, after whom the city was named. Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Pietro Paolo Savorgnan di Brazzà, best known as Pierre Paul François Camille Savorgnan de Brazza ( January 26, 1852 - September 14, The local leader, Makoko of the Téké signed a treaty of protection with de Brazza which subjugated his lands to the French Empire. The city was built four years later in order to become a competitor with Léopoldville (now Kinshasa) which was built by the Belgians on the other side of the river. Kinshasa (formerly French: Léopoldville, formerly Dutch: Leopoldstad, German: Leopoldstadt) is the Capital Kinshasa (formerly French: Léopoldville, formerly Dutch: Leopoldstad, German: Leopoldstadt) is the Capital The site was occupied from October 1880 until May 1882 by a small squad of troops led by Senegalese Sergeant Malamine Camara, who prevented the land from falling into Belgian hands. Malamine Camara was a Senegalese sergeant in the French colonial army, and a key figure in the extension of French colonial rule in the Congo Basin

French control over the area was made official by the Berlin Conference of 1884. See also Congress of Berlin (1878 and Berlin Conference of 1954 (Cold War Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The city became the capital first of the French Congo, and then of French Equatorial Africa, a federation of states which encompassed Gabon, the Central African Republic and Chad. French Congo was the original French Colony established in the present-day area of the Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and the Central African French Equatorial Africa ( Afrique équatoriale française, AEF) was the federation of French colonial possessions in Middle Africa, extending Gabon (gəˈbɒn or /gaˈbõ/ in French) is a country in west central Africa sharing borders with Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, Republic Central Africa|Central African FederationThe Central African Republic ( CAR) République Centrafricaine ʀepyblik sɑ̃tʀafʀikɛn or Centrafrique) is a Landlocked Chad (Tchad تشاد Tshād) officially known as the Republic of Chad, is a Landlocked country in Central Africa. In 1924, the Congo-Océan railway was brought into service which linked Brazzaville with the port of Pointe-Noire. The Congo-Ocean Railway (COR or CFCO links the Atlantic port of Pointe-Noire (now in the Republic of Congo) with Brazzaville, a distance of 502 kilometres Pointe-Noire is the second largest city in the Republic of the Congo, and a district in the Kouilou province

In 1944, Brazzaville hosted a meeting of the Free French forces and representatives of France's African colonies. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Free French Forces (Forces Françaises Libres FFL) were French fighters in World War II who decided to continue fighting against Axis forces This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The resulting Brazzaville Declaration was intended to redefine the relationship between France and its African colonies after World War II. After the Fall of France during World War II, and the alignment of many West African French colonies with the Free French, Charles de Gaulle World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including

Until the 1960s, the city was divided into European (the center of the city) and African sections (Poto-Poto, Bacongo, and Makélékélé). The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 Poto-Poto is the name of one of the original residential neighborhoods of the city of Brazzaville, capital of the Republic of Congo. The Bakongo or the Kongo people (meaning "hunter" also sometimes referred to as Congolese, live along the Atlantic coast of Africa In 1980 it became a "commune" separated from the Pool Region and divided into seven "arrondissements": Makélékélé (1), Bacongo (2), Poto-Poto (3), Moungali (4), Ouenzé (5), Talangaï (6) and Mfilou (7). Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) Pool is a region of the Republic of the Congo in the southeastern part of the country

The city has frequently been a staging ground for regional conflicts, including conflicts between rebel and government forces and between forces of the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Angola. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo often referred to as DR Congo, DRC or RDC, and formerly known or referred to Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (República de Angola Pronounced ʁɛˈpublikɐ dɨ ɐ̃ˈgɔlɐ Repubilika ya Ngola is a country in south-central It was also the scene of bloody civil wars throughout the 1990s which resulted in thousands of civilian deaths and which forced hundreds of thousands of refugees to flee the city.

Industry

Industries present in Brazzaville include: machine shops, textiles, tanning, and manufacturing. A textile is a flexible material comprised of a network of natural or artificial Fibres often referred to as thread or Yarn. Tanning is the process of converting Putrescible skin into non-putrescible Leather, usually with Tannin, an Acidic Chemical compound Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale As a key port on the Congo River, the city takes deliveries of raw materials, such as: rubber, wood and agricultural products. The Congo River (for a time known as the Zaire River) is the largest River in Western Central Africa. A raw material is something that is acted upon or used by Organisms, or by human labour or Industry, for use as a Building material to create some product Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs From here they are generally sent onward to Pointe-Noire for export. Pointe-Noire is the second largest city in the Republic of the Congo, and a district in the Kouilou province

Buildings and institutions

The Nabemba Tower, a landmark in Brazzaville.

Notable buildings in the city include St Anne's Basilica, built in 1949 by Roger Erell, and known for its green tiled roof; Erell also designed a house in the city for Charles de Gaulle. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A tile is a manufactured piece of hard-wearing material such as Ceramic, stone, metal or even Glass. Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle ( ( 22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French General and statesman who led the Free French Other buildings include the Nabemba Tower and the Congressional Palace. Other features include the Marien Nguouabi Mausoleum, Brazzaville Zoo and the Poto-Poto School of Painting.

The World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa is based in Brazzaville on a vast campus at the Cité du Djoué.

Transport

Taxis in Brazzaville

The city is home to Maya-Maya Airport and a railway station on the Congo-Ocean Railway. Maya-Maya Airport is an Airport located in Brazzaville, the capital of the Republic of the Congo. |}A train station, railway station, railroad station, or station yard is a facility at which Passengers may board and alight from Trains The Congo-Ocean Railway (COR or CFCO links the Atlantic port of Pointe-Noire (now in the Republic of Congo) with Brazzaville, a distance of 502 kilometres It is also an important river port, with ferries sailing to Kinshasa and to Bangui via Impfondo. ||-||-|-||-||-||-||-||-||-|} A port is a facility for receiving Ships and transferring cargo See also Merchant ship A ferry is a form of transport usually a Boat or Ship, used to carry (or ferry) passengers and Kinshasa (formerly French: Léopoldville, formerly Dutch: Leopoldstad, German: Leopoldstadt) is the Capital Bangui is the Capital of and the largest city in the Central African Republic. Impfondo is a town in the north eastern Republic of the Congo with a population of around 20000 people lying on the Oubangui River. The port for ferries to Kinshasa is known locally as "The Beach". The Congo River Rapids lie on the outskirts of the city, where the Djoué River meets the Congo, rendering river transport to the coast impossible, qualifying the railway as a portage railway

Sister Cities

• Dresden, Germany
• Washington, D.C., United States
• Olathe, Kansas, USA

References

• FallingRain Map - elevation = 155m

• Chavannes, Charles de. (1929) “Le Sergent Sénégalais Malamine. ” Annales de l’Académie des Sciences Coloniales, vol. 3:159-187.
• Petringa, Maria. (2006) Brazza, A Life for Africa (2006) ISBN 9781-4259-11980
• Tiepolo, M. (1996) "City Profile: Brazzaville" in Cities v. 13, pp. 117-124
• Brisset-Guibert, Hervé (2007) Brazzavile petit guide historique, in the site www. presidence. cg ("palais presidentiel")

External links

• Brazzaville travel guide from Wikitravel