Citizendia
Your Ad Here

This article deals with the Bundesland Brandenburg. For the town, see Brandenburg an der Havel. Brandenburg an der Havel is a Town in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. For other uses, see Brandenburg (disambiguation).
Brandenburg
Flag Coat of arms
Coat of arms of Brandenburg
Details
Location
Map of Germany, location of Brandenburg highlighted
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Administration
Country Flag of Germany Germany
NUTS Region Flag of Europe DE4
Capital Potsdam
Minister-President Matthias Platzeck (SPD)
Governing parties SPD / CDU
Votes in Bundesrat 4 (of 69)
Basic statistics
Area  29,479 km² (11,382 sq mi)
Population 2,537,800 (10/2007)[1]
 - Density 86 /km² (223 /sq mi)
Other information
GDP/ Nominal € 48 billion (2005)
Website brandenburg.de

Brandenburg (listen (help·info); Lower Sorbian: Bramborska; Upper Sorbian: Brandenspeech) is one of the sixteen states of Germany. This article is about the Coat of arms of the German state of Brandenburg. Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics, ( NUTS) for the French nomenclature d'unités territoriales statistiques, is a Geocode Also see Potsdam New York (in the USA For the Potsdam Conference see Potsdam Conference. A minister-president (Ministerpräsident is the Head of government in a number of European countries or subnational governments who presides over the council of ministers Matthias Platzeck (born 29 December 1953) is a German politician A political party is a Political organization that seeks to attain and maintain political power within Government, usually by participating in electoral The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany. The Bundesrat ("federal council" or "upper house of German parliament" is the representation of the 16 Federal States ( Bundesländer) of Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages Lower Sorbian (dsb ''Dolnoserbski'' is a Slavic Minority language spoken in eastern Germany in the historical province of Lower Lusatia Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. It lies in the east of the country and is one of the new states that were re-created in 1990 upon the reunification of the former West Germany and East Germany. West Germany ( Inf German: Westdeutschland or West-Deutschland) was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany ( The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state The capital is Potsdam. Also see Potsdam New York (in the USA For the Potsdam Conference see Potsdam Conference. Brandenburg surrounds but does not include the national capital Berlin. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany.

Historically, Brandenburg was an independent state, the Margraviate of Brandenburg, which grew to become the core of independent Prussia and later the German state of Prussia. The Margraviate of Brandenburg (Markgrafschaft Brandenburg was a major Principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806 About half of historic Brandenburg was annexed by Poland following the establishment of the new Oder-Neisse border in 1945 by the Allies. The Oder-Neisse line (Granica na Odrze i Nysie Łużyckiej Oder-Neiße-Grenze was drawn in the aftermath of World War II as the eastern border of Germany and The state of Brandenburg was named after the town of Brandenburg an der Havel. Brandenburg an der Havel is a Town in the state of Brandenburg, Germany.

Contents

Geography

See also: List of places in Brandenburg

Brandenburg is bordered by Mecklenburg-Vorpommern in the north, Poland in the east, the Free State of Saxony in the south, Saxony-Anhalt in the west, and Lower Saxony in the northwest. This is a list of geographical features in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, sometimes translated as Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania or Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, is a state in Northern Germany comprising Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen ˈzaksən Swobodny Stat Sakska is the easternmost federal state of Germany. Saxony-Anhalt ( Sachsen-Anhalt) is one of the sixteen ''Bundesländer'' (federal states that make up the Federal Republic of Germany. Lower Saxony ( German: Niedersachsen ch is pronounced before an s --> lies in north-western Germany and is second

The Oder River forms a part of the eastern border, the Elbe River a portion of the western border. The Oder (known in Czech and Polish as Odra) is a River in Central Europe. The Elbe ( die Elbe Low German: de Ilv) is one of the major Rivers of Central Europe. The main rivers in the state itself are the Spree and the Havel. The Spree (ʃpʁeː Sprowja Sprjewja Spréva is a River in Saxony, Brandenburg and Berlin, Germany and in Ústecký The Havel (ˈhaːfəl is a river in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. In the southeast, there is a wetlands region called the Spreewald; it is the northernmost part of Lusatia, where the Sorbs, a Slavic people, still live. See also Spreewald (ship. The Spreewald ( German for " Spree forest" in Lower Sorbian: Błota Upper and Lower Lusatia Upper Lusatia ( Oberlausitz or Hornja Łužica) is today part of the German state of Saxony except for a small part east of Sorbs (Serbja Serby also known as Wends, Lusatian Sorbs or Lusatian Serbs, are a Slavic people settled in Lusatia These areas are bilingual, i. e. , German and Sorbian are both used. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. The Sorbian languages are classified under the Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages.

Protected areas

Brandenburg is known for its well-preserved natural environment and its ambitious nature protection policy which began in the 1990s. 15 large protected areas were designated following Germany's reunification. German reunification (Deutsche Wiedervereinigung took place twice after 1945 first in 1957 the Saarland was permitted to join the Federal Republic of Germany Each of them is provided with state-financed administration and a park ranger staff, who guide visitors and work to ensure nature conservation. Most protected areas have visitor centers.

National Parks

Biosphere Reserves

The Spreewald, a biosphere reserve by UNESCO
The Spreewald, a biosphere reserve by UNESCO

Nature Parks

Administration

The capital, Potsdam
The capital, Potsdam
Brandenburg an der Havel
Brandenburg an der Havel
Viadrina European University in Frankfurt (Oder)
Viadrina European University in Frankfurt (Oder)

Brandenburg is divided into fourteen (rural) counties (Landkreise),


  1. Barnim
  2. Dahme-Spreewald
  3. Elbe-Elster
  4. Havelland
  5. Märkisch-Oderland
  6. Oberhavel
  7. Oberspreewald-Lausitz
  1. Oder-Spree
  2. Ostprignitz-Ruppin
  3. Potsdam-Mittelmark
  4. Prignitz
  5. Spree-Neiße
  6. Teltow-Fläming
  7. Uckermark

and four urban districts (kreisfreie Städte),

  1. Brandenburg an der Havel
  2. Cottbus
  3. Frankfurt (Oder)
  4. Potsdam

History


History of Brandenburg and Prussia
Northern March
pre-12th century		 Old Prussians
pre-13th century
Margraviate of Brandenburg
1157–1618 (1806)		 Ordensstaat
1224–1525
Duchy of Prussia
1525–1618		 Royal (Polish) Prussia
1466–1772
Brandenburg-Prussia
1618–1701
Kingdom in Prussia
1701–1772
Kingdom of Prussia
1772–1918
Free State of Prussia
1918–1947
Brandenburg
1947–1952 / 1990–
Main article: Margraviate of Brandenburg

In late medieval and early modern times, Brandenburg was one of seven electoral states of the Holy Roman Empire, and, along with Prussia, formed the original core of the German Empire, the first unified German state. Also see Potsdam New York (in the USA For the Potsdam Conference see Potsdam Conference. Brandenburg an der Havel is a Town in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. Viadrina European University (Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder hence its frequent appearance as " European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder " in Frankfurt (Oder is a City in Brandenburg, Germany, located on the Oder River on the German- Polish border directly opposite the Barnim is a district in Brandenburg, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise Poland, the district of Märkisch-Oderland, Dahme-Spreewald is a district in Brandenburg, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise the districts of Oder-Spree, Spree-Neiße Elbe-Elster is a Kreis (district in the southern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Havelland is a geograhical region and district in Brandenburg, Germany. Märkisch-Oderland is a Kreis (district in the eastern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Oberhavel is a Kreis (district in the northern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Oberspreewald-Lausitz is a Kreis (district in the southern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Oder-Spree is a Kreis (district in the eastern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Ostprignitz-Ruppin is a Kreis (district in the northwestern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Potsdam-Mittelmark is a Kreis (district in the western part of Brandenburg, Germany. Prignitz (ˈpʁiːgnɪts is a Kreis (district in the northwestern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Spree-Neiße is a Kreis (district in the southern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Teltow-Fläming is a Kreis (district in the southwestern part of Brandenburg, Germany. The Uckermark is a historical region in northeastern Germany. Brandenburg an der Havel is a Town in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. Cottbus ( Lower Sorbian: Chóśebuz) is a City in Brandenburg, Germany, situated around 125 km southeast of Berlin on the Frankfurt (Oder is a City in Brandenburg, Germany, located on the Oder River on the German- Polish border directly opposite the Also see Potsdam New York (in the USA For the Potsdam Conference see Potsdam Conference. Prussia ( Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Prūsija Prūsija Prusy Old Prussian: Prūsa) was most recently a historic state The Northern March or North March (Nordmark was created out of the division of the vast Marca Geronis in 965 "Prussians" redirects here "Prussians" may also refer to citizens of the former German state of Prussia. The Margraviate of Brandenburg (Markgrafschaft Brandenburg was a major Principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806 Year 1806 ( MDCCCVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The monastic state of the Teutonic Knights (Deutschordensland sometimes known in English by the German term Ordensstaat (ˈɔːdn̩ˌʃtɑːt or "Order-State" The Duchy of Prussia or Ducal Prussia (Herzogtum Preußen Prūsijos kunigaikštystė Prusy Książęce was a Duchy in the eastern part of Prussia from Royal Prussia ( Prusy Królewskie was a province of the Kingdom of Poland from 1466 and then the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569 to 1772 Year 1772 ( MDCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Brandenburg-Prussia (Brandenburg-Preußen was a German Monarchy established by the Personal union between the Duchy of Prussia and the The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising Year 1772 ( MDCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising Year 1772 ( MDCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) The Margraviate of Brandenburg (Markgrafschaft Brandenburg was a major Principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806 The Prince-Electors (or simply Electors) of the Holy Roman Empire ( German: Kurfürst ( pl The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification Governed by the Hohenzollern dynasty beginning in 1415, it contained the future German capital Berlin. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. After 1618 the Margraviate of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Prussia were combined to form Brandenburg-Prussia, which was ruled by the same branch of the House of Hohenzollern. The Margraviate of Brandenburg (Markgrafschaft Brandenburg was a major Principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806 The Duchy of Prussia or Ducal Prussia (Herzogtum Preußen Prūsijos kunigaikštystė Prusy Książęce was a Duchy in the eastern part of Prussia from Brandenburg-Prussia (Brandenburg-Preußen was a German Monarchy established by the Personal union between the Duchy of Prussia and the In 1701 the state was elevated as the Kingdom of Prussia. The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising Franconian Nuremberg and Ansbach, Swabian Hohenzollern, the eastern European connections of Berlin, and the status of Brandenburg's ruler as prince-elector together were instrumental in the rise of that state. Ansbach, or Anspach, originally Onolzbach, is a town in Bavaria, Germany. Hohenzollern Castle ( German: Burg Hohenzollern) is a Castle, about 50 km south of Stuttgart Germany, considered home to the Hohenzollern The Prince-Electors (or simply Electors) of the Holy Roman Empire ( German: Kurfürst ( pl

Early Middle Ages

Main article: Northern March

Brandenburg is situated in territory known in antiquity as Magna Germania, which reached to the Vistula river. The Northern March or North March (Nordmark was created out of the division of the vast Marca Geronis in 965 Germania was the Latin Exonym for By the seventh century, Slavic peoples are believed to have settled in the Brandenburg area. The Slavs expanded from the east, possibly driven from their homelands in present-day Ukraine and perhaps Belarus by the invasions of the Huns and Avars. The Huns were an early confederation of Central Asian equestrian nomads or semi-nomads with a Turkic core of aristocracy The Caucasian Avars are a modern people of Caucasus, mainly of Dagestan. They relied heavily on river transport. The two principal Slavic groups in the present-day area of Brandenburg were the Hevelli in the west and the Sprevane in the east. The Hevelli or Hevellians (sometimes Havolane; Heveller or Stodoranen; Hawelanie or Stodoranie; Havolané or Stodorané) were a The Sprevane or Sprevani (Sprewanen Slavonic: Sprevjane) name were a Slavic tribe who lived around the river Spree, where Berlin

Beginning in the early 900s, Henry the Fowler and his successors conquered territory up to the Oder River. The Oder (known in Czech and Polish as Odra) is a River in Central Europe. Slavic settlements such as Brenna[2] (Brandenburg an der Havel), Budusin[3] (Bautzen), and Chośebuz[4] (Cottbus) came under imperial control through the installation of margraves. Brandenburg an der Havel is a Town in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. Bautzen ( pronounced, until 1868: Budissin; Upper Sorbian: Budyšin; Lower Sorbian: Budyšyn) is a Cottbus ( Lower Sorbian: Chóśebuz) is a City in Brandenburg, Germany, situated around 125 km southeast of Berlin on the The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in Their main function was to defend and protect the eastern marches. Mark from the Old English mearc and march (or various plural forms of these words derived from the Frankish word marka ("boundary" In 948 Emperor Otto I established margraves to exert imperial control over the pagan Slavs west of the Oder River. Otto I the Great ( 23 November 912 &ndash 7 May 973) son of Henry I the Fowler and Matilda of Ringelheim, was Duke Otto founded the Bishoprics of Brandenburg and Havelberg. The Bishopric of Brandenburg was a Roman Catholic Diocese established by Otto the Great in 948, including the territory between the Elbe The Bishopric of Havelberg (Bistum Havelberg was a Roman Catholic Diocese founded by King Otto I, King of the Germans in 946 The Northern March was founded as a northeastern border territory of the Holy Roman Empire. The Northern March or North March (Nordmark was created out of the division of the vast Marca Geronis in 965 The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in However, a great uprising of Wends drove imperial forces from the territory of present-day Brandenburg in 983. The region returned to the control of Slavic leaders.

12th century

Eisenhard Castle in Belzig
Eisenhard Castle in Belzig

During the 12th century the Ottonian German kings and emperors re-established control over the mixed Slav-inhabited lands of present-day Brandenburg, although some Slavs like the Sorbs in Lusatia adapted to Germanization while retaining their distinctiveness. Belzig is a town in Brandenburg, Germany with a population of 11808 The Ottonian dynasty was a dynasty of Germanic Kings (919-1024 named after its first emperor but also known as the Saxon dynasty after the family's origin Sorbs (Serbja Serby also known as Wends, Lusatian Sorbs or Lusatian Serbs, are a Slavic people settled in Lusatia Upper and Lower Lusatia Upper Lusatia ( Oberlausitz or Hornja Łužica) is today part of the German state of Saxony except for a small part east of Germanisation (also spelled Germanization) is either the spread of the German language, people and culture either by force or Assimilation The Roman Catholic Church brought bishoprics which, with their walled towns, afforded protection from attacks for the townspeople. With the monks and bishops, the history of the town of Brandenburg an der Havel, which was the first center of the state of Brandenburg, began. Brandenburg an der Havel is a Town in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. In 1134, in the wake of a German crusade against the Wends, the German magnate Albert the Bear was granted the Northern March by the Emperor Lothar III. The Northern Crusades or Baltic Crusades were Crusades undertaken by the Catholic kings of Denmark and Sweden, the German Livonian Albert the Bear (Albrecht der Bär c 1100&ndash18 November 1170 was the first Margrave of Brandenburg (as Albert I from 1157 to his death and was briefly Duke The Northern March or North March (Nordmark was created out of the division of the vast Marca Geronis in 965 Lothair III of Supplinburg (1075 &ndash 1137 was Duke of Saxony (1106 King of Germany (1125 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1133 to 1137 He formally inherited the town of Brandenburg and the lands of the Hevelli from their last Wendish ruler, Pribislav, in 1150. Pribislav Henry (Pribislaw-Heinrich c 1075 &ndash 1150 was a Christian Prince and the last ruler of the Slavic Hevelli tribe in the After crushing a force of Sprevane who occupied the town of Brandenburg in the 1150s, Albert proclaimed himself ruler of the new Margraviate of Brandenburg. The Margraviate of Brandenburg (Markgrafschaft Brandenburg was a major Principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806 Albert, and his descendants the Ascanians, then made considerable progress in conquering, colonizing, Christianizing, and cultivating lands as far east as the Oder. The House of Ascania (Askanier was a Dynasty of German rulers Within this region, Slavic and German residents intermarried. During the 13th century the Ascanians began acquiring territory east of the Oder, later known as the Neumark (see also Altmark). The Neumark ( also known as the New March (Nowa Marchia or East Brandenburg ( was a region of the Prussian Province of Brandenburg, See German tanker Altmark for the ship named after Altmark and Stary Targ for a Polish Pomeranian village

Late Middle Ages

In 1320 the Brandenburg Ascanian line came to an end, and from 1323 up until 1415 Brandenburg was under the control of the Wittelsbachs of Bavaria, followed by the Luxembourg dynasty. The Wittelsbach family is a European Royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria. Bavaria ( German:, with an area of 70553 Km² (27241 square miles and almost 12 The House of Luxembourg was a mediæval Luxembourgian noble family Under the Luxembourgs, the Margrave of Brandenburg gained the status of a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire. This article lists the Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg during the period of time that Brandenburg was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire The Prince-Electors (or simply Electors) of the Holy Roman Empire ( German: Kurfürst ( pl In 1415, the Electorate of Brandenburg was granted by Emperor Sigismund to the House of Hohenzollern, which would rule until the end of World War I. For other nobles of the same name please see Sigismund. Sigismund ( February 14, 1368 – December 9, World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The Hohenzollerns established their capital in Berlin, by then the economic center of Brandenburg.

16th and 17th centuries

Main article: Brandenburg-Prussia

Brandenburg converted to Protestantism in 1539 in the wake of the Protestant Reformation, and generally did quite well in the 16th century, with the expansion of trade along the Elbe, Havel, and Spree Rivers. Brandenburg-Prussia (Brandenburg-Preußen was a German Monarchy established by the Personal union between the Duchy of Prussia and the Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time The Hohenzollerns expanded their territory by acquiring the Duchy of Prussia in 1618, the Duchy of Cleves (1614) in the Rhineland, and territories in Westphalia. The Duchy of Prussia or Ducal Prussia (Herzogtum Preußen Prūsijos kunigaikštystė Prusy Książęce was a Duchy in the eastern part of Prussia from The Duchy of Cleves (Herzogtum Kleve was a state of the Holy Roman Empire in present Germany (part of North Rhine-Westphalia) and the Netherlands The Rhineland ( Rheinland in German) is the general name for the land on both sides of the river Rhine in the west of Germany. Westphalia (Westfalen) is a region in Germany, centred on the cities of Bielefeld, Bochum, Dortmund, Gelsenkirchen, Münster The result was a sprawling, disconnected country known as Brandenburg-Prussia that was in poor shape to defend itself during the Thirty Years' War. Brandenburg-Prussia (Brandenburg-Preußen was a German Monarchy established by the Personal union between the Duchy of Prussia and the For the Mauritanian Thirty Years' War see Char Bouba war. For the band see The 30 Years War.

Beginning near the end of that devastating conflict, however, Brandenburg enjoyed a string of talented rulers who expanded their territory and power in Europe. The first of these was Frederick William, the so-called "Great Elector", who worked tirelessly to rebuild and consolidate the nation. Frederick William (Friedrich Wilhelm February 16 1620 &ndash April 29 1688) was the Elector of Brandenburg and the He moved the royal residence to Potsdam. Also see Potsdam New York (in the USA For the Potsdam Conference see Potsdam Conference.

Kingdom of Prussia and united Germany

Main article: Kingdom of Prussia
Sanssouci Palace, the former summer palace of Frederick the Great, today a World Heritage site
Sanssouci Palace, the former summer palace of Frederick the Great, today a World Heritage site

When Frederick William died in 1688, he was followed by his son Frederick, third of that name in Brandenburg. The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising Sanssouci is the former summer palace of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, at Potsdam, near Frederick II (Friedrich II January 24 1712 August 17 1786) was a King of Prussia (1740&ndash1786 from the A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex Biography Born in Königsberg, he was the third son of Frederick William Elector of Brandenburg by his father's first marriage to Louise Henriette As the lands that had been acquired in Prussia were outside the boundaries of the Holy Roman Empire, Frederick assumed (as Frederick I) the title of "King in Prussia" (1701). King in Prussia (König in Preussen was a title used by the Electors of Brandenburg from 1701 to 1772 Although his self-promotion from margrave to king relied on his title to the Duchy of Prussia, Brandenburg was still the most important portion of the kingdom. However, this combined kingdom is known as the Kingdom of Prussia. The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising

Brandenburg remained the core of the Kingdom of Prussia, and it was the site of the kingdom's capitals, Berlin and Potsdam. When Prussia was subdivided into provinces in 1815, the territory of the Margraviate of Brandenburg became the Province of Brandenburg. } The Province of Brandenburg (Provinz Brandenburg was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1815 to 1946 In 1881, the City of Berlin was separated from the Province of Brandenburg. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. However, industrial towns ringing Berlin lay within Brandenburg, and the growth of the region's industrial economy brought an increase in the population of the province. The Province of Brandenburg had an area of 39,039 km² (15,073 sq mi) and a population of 2. 6 million (1925). After World War II, the Neumark, the part of Brandenburg east of the Oder-Neisse Line, was transferred to Poland; and its native German population expelled. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Neumark ( also known as the New March (Nowa Marchia or East Brandenburg ( was a region of the Prussian Province of Brandenburg, The Oder-Neisse line (Granica na Odrze i Nysie Łużyckiej Oder-Neiße-Grenze was drawn in the aftermath of World War II as the eastern border of Germany and Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The remainder of the province became a state in East Germany when Prussia was dissolved in 1947. The State of Brandenburg was completely dissolved in 1952 by the Socialist government of East Germany. The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state

East Germany and reunified Germany

Main article: German reunification

In 1952, the East German government divided Brandenburg among several Bezirke or districts. German reunification (Deutsche Wiedervereinigung took place twice after 1945 first in 1957 the Saarland was permitted to join the Federal Republic of Germany (See Administrative division of the German Democratic Republic). Following the redrawing of Germany 's national boundaries after 1945 there were five states or Länder in the Soviet occupation zone: Most of Brandenburg lay within the Potsdam, Frankfurt (Oder), or Cottbus districts, but parts of the former province passed to the Schwerin, Neubrandenburg and Magdeburg districts (town Havelberg). Havelberg is a town in the district of Stendal, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. East Germany relied heavily on lignite as an energy source, and lignite strip mines marred areas of eastern Brandenburg. Lignite, often referred to as brown coal, or Rosebud coal by Northern Pacific Railroad, is a soft brown fuel with characteristics that put it somewhere The industrial towns surrounding Berlin were important to the East German economy, while western Brandenburg remained mainly agricultural.

The present State of Brandenburg was re-established on October 3 [5] 1990. Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) As in other former parts of East Germany, the lack of modern infrastructure and exposure to West Germany's competitive market economy brought widespread joblessness and economic difficulty. In the recent years, however, Brandenburg's infrastructure has been modernized and joblessness has slowly declined. In 1995 the governments of Berlin and Brandenburg proposed to merge the states in order to form a new state with the name of "Berlin-Brandenburg". The merger was rejected in a plebiscite in 1996: While West Berliners voted for a merger, East Berliners and Brandenburgers voted against it. A referendum (plural referendums or referenda) ballot question, or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita

Politics

List of minister presidents of Brandenburg

Matthias Platzeck
Matthias Platzeck
For earlier rulers, see List of rulers of Brandenburg
  1. 1947 - 1949: Karl Steinhoff (SED, formerly SPD)
  2. 1949 - 1952: Rudolf Jahn (SED)
  3. 1990 - 2002: Manfred Stolpe (SPD)
  4. since 2002: Matthias Platzeck (SPD)

September, 2004 State Election

seat results - September 19, 2004
seat results - September 19, 2004
See also Elections in Germany
party 1999 2004 Difference
 % S  % S  % S
Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) 39. This article lists the Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg during the period of time that Brandenburg was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire Karl Steinhoff ( November 24, 1892 &ndash July 19, 1981) was a Minister-President ( Ministerpräsident) of the German The Socialist Unity Party of Germany ( German: Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands, SED) was the governing party of the German Democratic Rudolf (Rudi Jahn ( November 4 1906 &ndash September 30 1990) was a German politician ( KPD, SPD) and Manfred Stolpe (born May 16, 1936) was Federal Minister of Transport Building and Housing of the Federal Republic of Germany from 2002 until 2005 Matthias Platzeck (born 29 December 1953) is a German politician The following information deals with elections in Germany, including elections to the Federal Diet (the lower house of the federal parliament the Landtags 3 37 31. 9 33 -7. 4 -4
The Left Party (Die Linke. The Left (Die Linke is a German political party that came into being on 16 June 2007 as a merger of The Left Party/PDS the former ) 23. 3 22 28. 0 29 +4. 7 +7
Christian Democratic Union (CDU) 26. The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany. 6 25 19. 4 20 -7. 2 -5
German People's Union (DVU) 5. The German People's Union (Deutsche Volksunion DVU is a Nationalist Political party in Germany. 3 5 6. 1 6 +0. 8 +1
all others 5. 5 0 14. 6 0 +9. 1 ±0

Miscellaneous

The coat of arms of Brandenburg is a red eagle on white. This article is about the Coat of arms of the German state of Brandenburg. The Eagle is used in Heraldry as a charge, as a Supporter, and as a crest.

Brandenburg is served by the same three airports that serve Berlin. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. They are Tegel International Airport, Tempelhof International Airport, and Schönefeld International Airport. For the United States Air Force military use of this facility see Tempelhof Central Airport Berlin-Tempelhof Airport also Berlin-Schönefeld Airport () is an international airport located in the town of Schönefeld in Brandenburg, adjacent to Berlin 's southern border Schönefeld Airport will eventually become Berlin-Brandenburg International Airport, while Tempelhof and Tegel will close after BBI is established. Berlin-Brandenburg International Airport ( German: Flughafen Berlin Brandenburg International) is the tentative name of a new airport that will use some of the

References

  1. ^ State population. Portal of the Federal Statistics Office Germany. Retrieved on 2007-04-25. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar.
  2. ^ Barford, Paul M. (2001). The Early Slavs: Culture and Society in Early Medieval Eastern Europe. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 421. ISBN 0801439779.  
  3. ^ Institut für Sorbische Volksforschung in Bautzen (1962). Lětopis Instituta za serbski ludospyt. Bautzen: Domowina.  
  4. ^ Room, Adrian (2006). Placenames of the World. Jefferson: McFarland & Company, 433. ISBN 0786422483.  
  5. ^ Ländereinführungsgesetz (1990)

External links

Dictionary

Brandenburg

-proper noun

  1. One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation.
  2. A town in Germany.
© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic