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Bowmanville is the largest community in the Municipality of Clarington in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada. The Municipality of Clarington is a municipality in Ontario, Canada in the Regional Municipality of Durham Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page It is located about 75 km east of Toronto and 15 km east of Oshawa along the former Highway 2. Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario Highway 2 was the major east-west provincial highway in Southern Ontario, running from Windsor in the west to the Quebec boundary near Lancaster

Contents

Geography

Bowmanville is surrounded by farmland on three sides, and Lake Ontario to the south. Area code 905 (with overlay Area code 289) is a telephone dialing area for south central Ontario. Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. Nearby forests are mainly pine, elm, birch and oak, lying in the Bowmanville Creek and Soper Creek valleys and to the hills of the north as well as to the south. Farmlands formerly covered central Bowmanville until the population increased, thus establishing a nascent downtown core by the early 19th century. The harbour area of the town is known as Port Darlington.

History

Settlers were attracted to the area by the farmland, and creeks for water mills, first (including one still standing, now called Vanstone's Mill) at Bowmanville (originally Barber) Creek, at the present-day intersection of King Street and Scugog St. , from which businesses and housing spread east, and later on Soper Creek (including another still standing as the municipality's Visual Arts Centre).

The lands which would later become Bowmanville were first purchased by John Burk, who later sold it to Lewis Lewis. Lewis opened the first store in what was then called Darlington Mills. The store was purchased in about 1824 by Charles Bowman (for whom the town was eventually named) who then established the first post office. [1].

The success of the Vanstone Mill, fueled by the machinery of the Crown's land grant program, led to the rapid expansion of the Bowmanville settlement in the early years of the 19th century. Under the generous yet discriminate eyes of wealthy local merchants such as John Simpson and Charles Bowman, small properties would often be sold to promote settlement and small business. The town soon developed a balanced economy; all the while gradually establishing itself as a moderate player in shipping, rail transport, metal works and common minor business (including tanneries, liveries, stables and everyday mercantile commodity exchange).

By the time of Confederation, Bowmanville was a vital, prosperous and growing town, home to a largely Scots-Presbyterian community with all manner of farmer, working, and professional class making the town their home. The Scots people ( Scots Gaelic: Albannaich) are a Nation and an Ethnic group indigenous to Scotland. Presbyterianism is a family of Christian denominations within the Reformed branch of Protestant Western Christianity With local economic stability and accessible, abundant land available for the construction of housing, the town soon sported several new Churches, each designated to house both Free and Auld Kirk, Anglican and Protestant congregations, including the Bible Christian Church, later to be a major stream of Canadian Methodism. The Presbyterian Church in Canada is the name of a Protestant Christian church, of Presbyterian and reformed Theology Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs The Bible Christian Church was a Methodist church It was founded by William O’Bryan, a Wesleyan Methodist local preacher, on 1815-10-18 in Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations

At present, St. John's Anglican Church. St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church, St. Paul's United Church and the impressively ornate Trinity United Church (site of an old Auld Kirk church) still serve the community. The United Church of Canada was founded in 1925 as a merger of four Christian denominations two thirds of the Presbyterian Church in Canada (then the largest Canadian Protestant All of these edifices, quite appropriately, line or are in close proximity to present-day Church Street.

Local business organized and modernized nicely in the 20th century, with the Dominion Organ and Piano factory, the Bowmanville Foundry, and the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company (1910) all providing steady work for Bowmanville's ever-growing working populations. The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company was founded in 1898 by Frank Seiberling. Goodyear even went so far as to provide affordable housing for its employees, and present day Carlisle Ave. (built by magnanimous Goodyear president W. C. Carlisle) in the 1910's still stands as one of Ontario's best preserved examples of industrial housing. The land on which the Bowmanville Hospital was built was donated by J. W. Alexander, the owner of the then-prospering Dominion Organ and Piano factory.

Formal education evolved in-step with Ryersonian philosophies of the day, and the advent of the Central Public School (1889) and the Bowmanville High School (1890), (both designed by Whitby architect A. A. Post) were the finishing touches to the town that was a model of then-Ontario Premier Oliver Mowat's philosophy of education, expansion and innovation for the citizens of the province. Sir Oliver Mowat GCMG, PC, QC ( July 22, 1820 &ndash 19 April, 1903) was a Canadian politician

The 20th century saw a steady rise in the construction of area schools, with Vincent Massey P. S. (1955); Waverley P. S. (1978); Dr. Ross Tilley P. S. (1993); John M. James P. S. (1999) and Harold Longworth P. S. (2003) all accommodating gradual population increases and building developments in specific demographic areas of the town. The local school board (Northumberland/Newcastle)was amalgamated with neighboring Peterborough jurisdictions to form the Kawartha Pine Ridge District School Board in 1997. Kawartha Pine Ridge District School Board has its headquarters in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.

As the town grew and prospered, so arrived Bowmanville's grand era of architectural building and refinement. Many excellently maintained specimens of Italianate, Gothic Revial, Colonial Brick and Queen Anne architecture line the central aspect of Bomwanville's oldest neighborhood, and this contributes to the present-day attractiveness and sense of history that the old town radiates so nicely.

Much of Bowmanville's residential and commercial architectural heritage was either lost or threatened by demolition and modern development from 1950-1980, but a 25 year renaissance in appreciation and awareness (led largely by local historians and LACAC members) helped to preserve the precious remnants of days gone by.

Bowmanville was incorporated as a village in 1852 and as a town in 1858. Year 1852 ( MDCCCLII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1858 ( MDCCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common In 1974, the municipality was amalgamated with Clarke Township and Darlington Township to form the Town of Newcastle as part of the municipal restructuring that created the Regional Municipality of Durham from Ontario. Clarke Township was a township in Upper Canada, later Ontario, located on the north shore of Lake Ontario. Darlington Township was a township in Upper Canada, later Ontario, located on the north shore of Lake Ontario. Ontario County was the name of two historic counties in the Canadian province of Ontario. Newcastle was renamed Clarington in 1993.

Housing developments arrived in the 1950s around Bowmanville and did not boom until the 1970s in the northern portion and lasted into the late-20th century and continues to this day. Developers include Halminen, Greenpark, Melody Homes and Tribute, Baywood among others. Luxury homes are about 4 km north of Bowmanville. The population rose to about 10,000 in the 1970s, about 20,000 in the 1980s, about 25,000 in the 1990s and today is about 30,000. In the 1980s, Highway 401 was later expanded to six lanes from four and later Highway 2 added another two lanes west of Bowmanville. Some have referred to this as the "lane-era" of Bowmanville.

Prisoner of War camp

Camp 30, the Lake Ontario Officers’ Camp-Bowmanville, held captive German army officers from the Afrika Korps, fliers from the Luftwaffe and naval officers from the Kriegsmarine. Farms surrounded the camp that had been a delinquent boys’ school prior to the war. In several accounts by former POWs, the prison was represented as very humane, in that the prisoners were well treated and well fed.

Among the German officers transferred from England to Bowmanville was Korvettenkapitän Otto Kretschmer, who was the top U-boat ace of World War II. Commodore Otto Kretschmer ( May 1, 1912 - August 5, 1998) was a German U-boat Commander of the Kretschmer assumed the duties of the senior naval officer, sharing the command with the senior Luftwaffe officer Oberstleutnant Hans Hefele and the senior army officer General Leutnant Hans von Ravenstein.

The Bowmanville boys’ school had been quickly turned into Camp 30, Lake Ontario Officers’ Camp, by surrounding the existing school buildings with a barbed wire fence. The facility, which had been designed to house 300 boys, was a little cramped and undersized for grown men. Two twelve-foot high fences with electric lights every twelve feet and nine guard towers surrounded the fourteen-acre site. The fence had sixty miles of barbed wire looped around the small perimeter. Lieutenant Colonel R. O. Bull M. C. had a support staff plus the Veterans Guard of Canada, consisting of nine officers and 239 other ranks under his command to guard the prisoners.

When the naval prisoners arrived at Bowmanville, there were no recreational facilities. The naval officers quickly transformed the camp. Flower and vegetable gardens were planted, sports fields, tennis courts and a swimming pool were built. The quarters were expanded, giving the prisoners better living conditions. The prisoners received money from home or earned extra money by manufacturing wooden furniture. They were able to purchase beer, cigarettes and dry goods from Eaton's mail order catalogue. Eaton's was once Canada 's largest Department store Retailer. It was an ideal life except that there were no women and no freedom. For some there was the urge to get back to the war and defend their country, and for others a desire to remain POWs for the duration of the war.

A daily routine of exercise, sporting events and work assignments was established. As well as English being taught, professors from the nearby University of Toronto gave lectures for university credit classes. A school was also formed, which taught midshipmen seamanship and navigation courses.

Current movies were shown each week. National and religious holidays were observed, and music concerts were given regularly. Elaborate stage plays were produced. Extraordinary puppets were designed and fabricated for puppet shows. Although the conditions were good in the Canadian POW camps, there was very little to do, and the routine was always the same.

Economy

Bowmanville is home to a Goodyear factory, the historic Bowmanville Foundry, the Darlington Nuclear Generating Station, a Royal Canadian Mounted Police headquarters, and a deep water marina on Lake Ontario. The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company was founded in 1898 by Frank Seiberling. Darlington Nuclear Generating Station is a Canadian Nuclear power station located on the north shore of Lake Ontario in Clarington, Ontario For other uses of this word see Marina (disambiguation. A marina is a sheltered Harbor where Boats and Yachts Bowmanville was a finalist for the ITER project. ITER is an international Tokamak ( Magnetic confinement fusion) research/engineering proposal for an experimental project that will help to make the transition from Many people who live in Bowmanville work for General Motors Canada situated nearby in Oshawa, or work in Toronto using Highway 401, or the GO Train which leaves from Oshawa. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. GO Transit is the interregional public transit system serving the Conurbation in Ontario, Canada referred to by Metrolinx as the Bowmanville has become a "bedroom community", as most of its citizens work outside of the town and return to rest and play. Bowmanville now has a short service bus route.

Transportation

Since the 1950s, Bowmanville has been accessible via Highway 401 and served by three interchanges: Waverly Road—Durham Road 57 (Exit 431), Liberty Street—Durham Road 14 (Exit 432) and Bennett Road (Exit 435), that also serves the retirement community of Wilmot Creek on the Lake Ontario shore. Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. The interchange with Highway 35 and Highway 115 to Lindsay and Peterborough (exit 436) lies 500 m east of Bennett. Highway 35 is a provincial highway in Ontario Canada, running from Highway 401 in Clarington to Highway 60 near Dwight (and Algonquin Highway 115 is a provincially maintained highway in Central Ontario, Canada, which runs from the Highway 401 junction west of Newcastle Lindsay ( 2001 population 16930 is a community on the Scugog River in the Kawartha Lakes region of southern Ontario, Canada, Peterborough is a City on the Otonabee River in central-eastern Ontario, Canada, 125 kilometres

Bowmanville is bisected by Canadian Pacific Railway, and the Canadian National lines run to the south of town. The Canadian Pacific Railway ( Bowmanville had its own transit system, Clarington Transit from 2002-2005, and is now part of the Durham Region Transit East Region, as well as having connections to GO Transit and VIA Rail. Clarington Transit is the former public transit agency in Clarington Ontario. Durham Region Transit (DRT is the regional Public transit operator in Durham Region, east of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. GO Transit is the interregional public transit system serving the Conurbation in Ontario, Canada referred to by Metrolinx as the VIA Rail Canada (also referred to as VIA Rail and VIA; ˈviːə 'vee-ah' is an independent Crown corporation offering intercity passenger rail

Education

Public education is provided by the Kawartha Pine Ridge District School Board. Kawartha Pine Ridge District School Board has its headquarters in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. There are eight elementary schools in Bowmanville and two secondary schools, Bowmanville High School and Clarington Central Secondary School. Bowmanville High School is a High school in Bowmanville, Ontario, in Canada.

The Peterborough Victoria Northumberland and Clarington Catholic District School Board oversees public Catholic education through three elementary and one secondary school (St. The Peterborough Victoria Northumberland and Clarington Catholic District School Board has its headquarters in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. Stephen's Secondary School).

Private schools include Durham Christian High School.

Notable places

The Mosport International Raceway which hosts both minor grand prix races and major racing events by CASCAR, the SCCA, and American Le Mans Series annually is located north of Bowmanville. Mosport International Raceway (formerly Mosport Park) is a multi-track facility located north of Bowmanville Ontario. The Sports Car Club of America ( SCCA) is a club and sanctioning body supporting Road racing, rally, and Autocross in the United States The American Le Mans Series ( ALMS) is a Sports car racing series based in the United States and Canada.

Bowmanville is home to the largest private zoo in Canada, the Bowmanville Zoo. The Bowmanville Zoo is a Zoo in Bowmanville, Ontario, Canada. The zoo's residents have been in films, including the now deceased Bongo and his brother Caesar (lions) from Ghost in the Darkness, and there is a primate making wild but accurate National Hockey League playoff predictions. The lion ( Panthera leo) is a member of the family Felidae and one of four Big cats in the Genus Panthera. The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America The elephants are taken for walks occasionally through the town and have been known to make an appearance at Bowmanville High School's first football game of the season.

The annual Santa Claus Parade is held the third Saturday of each November. The route extends from the Post Office at Church St. and Temperance St. , south on Scugog Rd. , east on King St. and south on Liberty St. to Memorial Park.

Sports

In the 1960s the Oshawa Generals and Bobby Orr played hockey in the old Bowmanville Arena on Queen Street while awaiting the Oshawa Civic Arena's completion. The Oshawa Generals are a Junior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey League. Robert Gordon "Bobby" Orr OC (born March 20 1948 in Parry Sound, Ontario) is a retired Canadian Ice hockey defenseman

The present day Junior A hockey team is called The Bowmanville Eagles. The Bowmanville Eagles are a Tier II Junior "A" Ice hockey team from Bowmanville, Ontario, Canada.

Nearest places

External links

References

  1. ^ Thickson, J. Courtice (pronounced "Curtis" is a community located in Ontario, Canada about 60 km east of Toronto, adjacent to Oshawa and west Newcastle is a community in the Municipality of Clarington in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada. Orono is a community (population approximately 1800 in the Municipality of Clarington, Ontario, Canada. Port Hope is a Municipality in Ontario, Canada, about 109 km east of Toronto and about 159 km west of Kingston. "History of West Durham Region" Bowmanville Statesman, March 3, 1832.

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