Bottle pool, also known as bottle-billiards and bottle pocket billiards, is a hybrid billiards game combining aspects of both carom billiards and pocket billiards. Carom billiards, sometimes called carambole billiards or simply carambole and in some cases used as a synonym for the game of straight rail from Pocket billiards, most commonly referred to as pool, is the general term for a family of games played on a specific class of Billiards table, having 6 receptacles Played on a standard pool table, the game uses just two object balls, a cue ball, and a 6¾ inch tall, narrow-necked bottle called a shake bottle or tally bottle, traditionally made from leather, that is placed on the table and used as a target for caroms. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles Billiard balls are used in Cue sports, such as Carom billiards, pool, and Snooker. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles Those unfamiliar with the game sometimes mistakenly use its name as a synonym for the very different game of kelly pool. Kelly pool (also known as pea pool, pill pool, keeley, the keilley game, and killy) is a Pocket billiards game with numerous [1][2][3][4][5] Bottle pool has been described as combining "elements of billiards, straight pool and chess under a set of rules that lavishly rewards strategic shot making and punishes mistakes with Sisyphean point reversals. In Greek mythology, Sisyphus ( Greek: Σίσυφος, Latinized: Sisyphus (ˈsɪsɨfəs was a King punished in "[6]
Although bottle pool's origins remain obscure, tournament records and newspaper articles confirm that the game has been played since at least the late 1800s. [6] A mention appears in an 1894 New York Times newspaper article announcing a 64 player tournament to be played at a certain Hanover Clubhouse in Brooklyn, New York. Brooklyn (named after the Dutch town Breukelen) is one of the five boroughs of New York City. [1] The game was more well known in the early to mid 20th century, during which references to it appear in numerous books and publications including Sinclair Lewis' Main Street. Main Street is a satirical Novel written by Sinclair Lewis, and published in 1920 It is also known to have been played by some notable individuals, such as world renowned quantum chemist and biochemist Linus Pauling. Quantum chemistry is a branch of Theoretical chemistry, which applies Quantum mechanics and Quantum field theory to address issues and problems in Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes in living Organisms It deals with the Structure and function of cellular components such as Linus Carl Pauling (February 28 1901 – August 19 1994 was an American Scientist, Peace activist, Author and educator. [7][8][9]
Over time bottle pool developed an elitist image, its active play more commonly the province of gentlemen's clubs and select groups than patrons of billiard parlors. A gentlemen's club is a members-only private Club of a type originally set up by and for English Upper class men [6] For instance, bottle pool is known to have had a dedicated following with faculty at the University of Michigan from 1911 until approximately 1999 , and was the billiards game of choice at exclusive New York City enclaves such the Racquet Club, the Manhattan Athletic Club and the Union Club, the last being the oldest gentlemen's club in the United States. The University of Michigan Ann Arbor ( U of M, U-M, UM or simply Michigan) is a top-ranked Coeducational public research The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [3][6][10][11][12]
Despite being one of a short group of non-championship games still detailed in the Official Rules and Records Book of the Billiard Congress of America, as of 2006, bottle pool was known only to be the billiard sport of general choice at a few New York City social clubs such as the two mentioned previously. The Billiard Congress of America is a governing body for Cue sports in the United States. A veteran member of both those clubs opined in 2006 that there were then fewer than 1,000 dedicated bottle pool players nationwide. [6][13]
Contents |
General rules (Billiard Congress of America)
Set up
At the start of bottle pool, the shake bottle is placed inverted (neck down) on the center spot at the geographic center of the bed of a pool table. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles The two object balls used are the 1 ball and the 2 ball. Viewed from the racker's vantage point, the 1 ball is frozen to the diamond on the foot rail immediately adjacent to the right corner pocket, and the 2 ball to the diamond on the foot rail immediately adjacent to the left corner pocket. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles [13][2]
The player breaking starts with cue ball in hand from the kitchen (behind the head string) and must contact either of the two object balls in order to complete a legal break. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles The object of the game is to score exactly 31 points before any opponents, with a draconian penalty for overshooting that benchmark. [13][2]
Scoring
Points are scored in bottle pool in the following ways:
- Pocketing the 1 ball scores 1 point;[13]
- Pocketing the 2 ball scores 2 points;[13]
- Caroming the cue ball off both object balls scores 1 point;[13]
- Caroming the cue ball off one or both object balls and then into the bottle knocking it onto its side scores 5 points;[13]
- Caroming the cue ball off one or both object balls and then into the bottle knocking onto its base results in an automatic win. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles [13]
All of the above scoring possibilities can be combined, meaning the maximum number of points available on a single stroke is nine, accomplished by caroming into and pocketing both object balls combined with knocking over the bottle with the cue ball. The winning shot in the game (other than one which rights the shake bottle) must bring a player's score to exactly 31. If a player overshoots that benchmark, known as a "burst" in the game's terminology, the amount of points 31 is overshot by becomes the player's new score. This means, for example, that if a player has 30 points and then scores 5 points (instead of the requisite 1 point) by caroming the cue ball off an object ball and into the bottle knocking it on its side, the player's score resets to four points. [3][13]
When a player reaches exactly 31 points, he must announce this feat to all participants before the next player shoots a shot in order to be victorious. If this is not done, the player may not again invoke his winning score until his turn comes up again in rotation. If another player in the interim successfully scores exactly 31, and properly announces it, that player wins the game. [14]
Illegal shots and fouls
Any legally made scoring shot entitles a player to continue shooting. The penalty for a foul in the game is a loss of turn, any point scoring acts made on the same stroke are not counted, and 1 point is deducted from the player's total score. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles The incoming player after a foul accepts the table in position except if the cue ball is jumped off the table or a scratch occurs, in which case the incoming player has ball-in-hand from the kitchen. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles Three consecutive fouls in bottle pool results in a loss of game. [13]
In addition to standard fouls defined in the General Rules for Pocket Billiards, such as scratches, push shots, double hits and others, the following are specifically defined fouls peculiar to bottle pool: the cue ball fails to touch an object ball; the cue ball touches the bottle before contacting an object ball; the bottle is knocked over by an object ball; and an object ball is pocketed on the same stroke as an illegal shot. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles Illegal shots which are not fouls unless a ball is pocketed on the same stroke (thus resulting in a loss of turn, no score, but not a loss of points), include: causing an object ball to touch the bottle at all before the cue ball touches it (without knocking it over); and causing the bottle to go into a pocket or off the table as a result of action by the cue ball, after it has caromed off an object ball. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles [13]
Bottle and ball spotting rules
Whenever the shake bottle is knocked over it is immediately stood up open end down as close as possible to the position on the table at which it came to rest after being upset, as judged from the mouth of the bottle. When the shake bottle is knocked into a pocket, off the table, or where the open end of the bottle intrudes over a pocket opening such that it is impossible to replace it to its upset resting position, the shake bottle is replaced to the table's center spot. If the center spot is occupied by any ball, then it is placed on the head spot. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles If both the center and head spots are occupied, then it is placed on the foot spot. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles If none of the listed spots are available then it remains off the table until such time as the center spot becomes unobstructed. [13]
As in the games of snooker, English billiards, cowboy pool and others, pocketed balls are immediately respotted to their starting position. Snooker is a Cue sport that is played on a large Baize -covered table with pockets in each of the four corners and in the middle of each of the long English billiards, called simply billiards in many former British colonies and in Great Britain where it originated also known variously as the English game Cowboy pool, sometimes just called cowboy, is a hybrid pool game combining elements of English billiards through an intermediary game with more standard Where the second object ball, the cue ball or the bottle makes spotting the ball there impossible, it is spotted to the center spot. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles If the center spot is occupied, the ball is spotted to the head spot. Where both object balls have been potted on a shot, they are spotted with the same dictates for just one ball, first spotting the 1 ball, followed by the 2 ball. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles Thus, if the starting positions for the two object balls are each occupied, respectively by the cue ball and shake bottle, the 1 ball would be placed on the center spot and the 2 ball on the head spot. [13]
Variations
The game has been sometimes played with the larger and heavier, unnumbered carom billiard balls in lieu of pocket billiard balls. Carom billiards, sometimes called carambole billiards or simply carambole and in some cases used as a synonym for the game of straight rail from Such was the case at Michigan State University's billiard room where the faculty devoted their time to bottle pool. Not incidentally, in that room three-cushion billiards which uses these larger balls was also a mainstay, and was where touring three-cushion professional, Carl Conlon was a fixture until his death in 1997. Carom billiards, sometimes called carambole billiards or simply carambole and in some cases used as a synonym for the game of straight rail from In this variation, a solid-yellow (or dotted) second cue ball is used in place of the 1 ball, and the red ball, known traditionally as the carombola, is used in place of the 2 ball. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles The use of such balls makes the game more difficult as the larger balls must still be made in the same-sized pool pockets. [5][6]
The rules promulgated by the Manhattan Athletic Club in the 1890s diverge in a number of ways from the modern rules published by the BCA (though they do use the numbered 1 and 2 balls, rather than carom billiards balls). Those house rules provide that when a player bursts, his score is set to zero rather than to the number of points 31 is overshot; pocketed object balls are replaced on the "red-ball spot" (the foot spot), or if occupied, frozen to the foot rail in the original position of the 1 ball and if occupied, of the 2 ball; and no foul rules whatever are proferred. TemplateCuegloss will have to be hacked to support multi-page articles [3]
References
- ^ a b New York Times Company (January 11, 1894). Bottle-Billiards Tournament. Retrieved March 1, 2007.
- ^ a b c Hoyle, Edmond (1907). Hoyle's Games - Autograph Edition. New York: A. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous L. Burt Company, Page 297-8.
- ^ a b c d Shamos, Michael Ian (1993). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Billiards. New York, NY: Lyons & Burford, Page 30. The City of New York ISBN 1-55821-219-1.
- ^ Ozone Billiards, Inc. (2001-2006). Advertisement for "tally bottles", confusing bottle pool with kelly pool. Kelly pool (also known as pea pool, pill pool, keeley, the keilley game, and killy) is a Pocket billiards game with numerous Retrieved March 1, 2007.
- ^ a b The Michigan Daily (2007). Pool hall gives students a chance to play with history by Cortney Dueweke. Retrieved March 1, 2007.
- ^ a b c d e f New York Times Company (August 21, 2006). Billiards With a Bottle. And This Game Is Dying? by Harry Hurt III. Retrieved March 1, 2007.
- ^ Google (2007). Google book search for "Bottle pool.". Shows numerous mentions of bottle pool during the early to mid 1900s, but few mentions later in the century. Retrieved March 1, 2007.
- ^ Sinclair Lewis (October, 1920). Main Street: the story of Carol Kennicott. Main Street is a satirical Novel written by Sinclair Lewis, and published in 1920 New York: Grosset & Dunlap, Page 349. Grosset & Dunlap is a United States Book publisher founded in 1898
- ^ Oregon State University (2007). Special Collections: Linus Pauling The Nature of the Chemical Bond, A documentary History. Retrieved March 1, 2007.
- ^ New York Times Company (February 11, 2007). Inside the Union Club, Jaws Drop by Christopher Gray. Retrieved March 1, 2007.
- ^ The Regents of the University of Michigan (February 22, 1999). Article in The University Record: Calling all bottle pool players by Joanne Nesbit. Retrieved March 1, 2007.
- ^ Billiards Room (2006). Michigan Union Billiards & Game Room: Fun Facts. Retrieved March 1, 2007.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m BCA Rules Committee (November, 1992). Billiards - The Official Rules and Record Book. Iowa City, Iowa: Billiard Congress of America, Pages 111-112. Iowa City is a city in Johnson County, Iowa, United States. It is the principal city of the Iowa City Iowa Metropolitan Statistical Area which ISBN 1-87849-302-7.
- ^ BCA Rules Committee (1970). Official Rule Book For All Pocket and Carom Billiard Games. Chicago, Illinois: Billiard Congress of America, Pages 53-54. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. ISBN B000JWEG18.
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