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 Horse Botfly (Gasterophilus intestinalis)
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Oestridae (also called botfly or "bumfly" bot fly) is a family of Oestroidea. Arthropods are Animals belonging to the Phylum Arthropoda (from Greek ἄρθρον arthron, " Joint " Insects ( Class Insecta) are a major group of Arthropods and the most diverse group of Animals on the Earth with over a million described True flies are Insects of the Order Diptera ( Greek: di = two and pteron = wing possessing a single pair of Brachycera is a suborder of Diptera. It is a major suborder consisting of around 120 families. The Brachyceran infraorder Muscomorpha is a large and diverse group of flies containing the bulk of the Brachycera and in fact most of the known Diptera. Schizophora is a section of true flies containing 78 families which are collectively referred to as Muscoids, even though - technically Calyptratae is a subsection of Schizophora in the Insect order Diptera, commonly referred to as the calyptrate muscoids (or simply Oestroidea is a superfamily of Calyptratae. Cuterebrinae is a subfamily of Oestridae which includes large parasitic flies this group has historically been treated as a family but all recent Gasterophilinae is a subfamily of Oestridae which includes large parasitic flies this group has historically been treated as a family but all recent Hypodermatinae is a subfamily of Oestridae which includes large parasitic flies some of which are known as warble flies. Oestrinae is a subfamily of Oestridae which includes parasitic flies attacking a range of different hosts Warble fly is a name given to the genus Hypoderma, large flies which are Parasitic on Cattle and Deer. In Biological classification, family ( Latin Oestroidea is a superfamily of Calyptratae. It is one of several families of hairy flies whose larvae live as parasites within the bodies of mammals, such as the Desert Woodrat. True flies are Insects of the Order Diptera ( Greek: di = two and pteron = wing possessing a single pair of In Roman mythology, the larvae or lemures (singular lemur) were the spectres or spirits of the dead they were the malignant version of the Parasitism is a type of symbiotic relationship between Organisms of different Species. Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands The Desert Woodrat ( Neotoma lepida) is a small species of Pack rat native to desert regions of western North America, ranging from southeastern Oregon There are approximately 150 known species worldwide.
Only one bot fly species attacks humans, the Dermatobia hominis. The genus Dermatobia contains only one species D hominis, the only species of Bot fly that attacks humans (in addition to a wide range of other For many years the deer botfly was cited as the fastest flying insect in the Guinness Book of World Records, but the claim has been refuted and is no longer considered probable. The name deer botfly (also deer nose bot) refers to any species in the genus Cephenemyia, within the family Oestridae. Guinness World Records, known until 2000 as The Guinness Book of Records (and in previous U
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Life cycle
- Botflies deposit eggs in a host body, or sometimes use an intermediate vector: common houseflies for example. The housefly (also house fly, house-fly or common housefly) Musca domestica, is the most common of all Flies
- Eggs are deposited in animal skin directly, or the larvae drop from the egg: the body heat of the animal induces hatching upon contact. The skin is the outer covering of living tissue of an animal (or plant A larva ( Latin; plural larvae) is a juvenile form of Animal with indirect development, undergoing Metamorphosis (for example Some forms of botfly also reside in the digestive tract when consumed by a licking action.
- Myiasis can be caused by larvae burrowing into the skin (or tissue lining) of the host animal. Myiasis (ˈmaɪəsɨs or /maɪˈaɪəsɨs/ is an animal or human disease caused by parasitic dipterous fly larvae feeding on the host 's Necrotic
- Mature larvae drop from the host and complete the pupal stage in soil. A pupa ( Latin pupa for doll pl pupae or pupas) is the life stage of some Insects undergoing transformation
- They do not kill the host animal, and thus are true parasites (though some species of rodent-infesting botflies do consume the host's testes/ovaries). Parasitism is a type of symbiotic relationship between Organisms of different Species. The testicle (from Latin testiculus, diminutive of testis, meaning "witness" virility plural testes) is the male "Ovaria" redirects here This is also a proposed section and a Synonym of Solanum.
- The bot fly presents annual difficulties to equestrian caretakers, as it lays eggs on the insides of horse’s front legs, on the cannon bone and knees, and sometimes on the throat or nose, depending on what type of bot fly does the laying. For the Roman class see Equestrian (Roman Equestrianism refers to the skill of riding or driving Horses This broad description The equine forelimb is the front or thoracic limb of the Horse. The knee is the lower extremity Joint connecting the Femur, Patella, and the Tibia. In Anatomy, the throat is the anterior part of the Neck, in front of the vertebral column. Anatomically a nose is a protuberance in Vertebrates that houses the Nostrils or nares which admit and expel air for respiration in conjunction with the These eggs, which look like small, yellow drops of paint, must be carefully removed during the laying season (late summer and early fall) to prevent infestation in the horse. When a horse rubs its nose on its legs, the eggs are transferred to the mouth, and from there to the intestines, where the larva grows and migrates to the skin. In Anatomy, the intestine is the segment of the alimentary canal extending from the Stomach to the Anus and in humans and other mammals consists A larva ( Latin; plural larvae) is a juvenile form of Animal with indirect development, undergoing Metamorphosis (for example When ready to emerge, a thumbnail-sized lump will appear on the horse, which is not painful, but if the lump happens to be where the saddle or bridle go, the horse will be out of commission until the wound made by the young bot fly’s emergence heals. A saddle is a supportive structure for a rider or other load fastened to an animal's back by a girth. A bridle is a piece of equipment used to control a Horse. The bridle fits over a horse's head and has the purpose of controlling the horse Additionally, migrating larva may cause mouth sores, ulcers in the stomach, and blockage of the pyloric valve which could lead to colic. The pylorus (from Greek πυλωρος = "gate guard" is the region of the Stomach that connects to the Duodenum. Colic in Horses is defined as Abdominal pain, but it is a clinical sign rather than a diagnosis Removal of the eggs (which adhere to the host’s hair) is tricky, since the bone and tendons are directly under the skin on the cannon bones: eggs must be removed with a sharp knife (often a razor blade) or rough sand paper, and caught before they reach the ground. A tendon (or sinew) is a tough band of Fibrous connective tissue that usually connects Muscle to Bone and is capable of withstanding tension During this process the human can also become infected. Bots can be controlled with several types of dewormers, including dichlorvos, ivermectin, and trichlorfon
Locations
Botflies live in a variety of places, mostly warm and damp climates including throughout Brazil and Chile, as well as far north as the southern United States. Dichlorvos (22-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate or DDVP is a highly volatile Organophosphate, widely used as a Fumigant to control household pests in Ivermectin (2223-dihydroavermectin B1a + 2223-dihydroavermectin B1b is a broad-spectrum Antiparasitic medication traditionally used against Worms Metrifonate ( INN) or trichlorfon ( USAN) is an Organophosphate Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.
Countries with known botfly encounters:
- Brazil
- Chile
- United States
- Mexico
- Honduras
- Dominican Republic
- Peru
- Chile
- Argentina
- Several small provinces in Africa.
References
- Pape, T. (2001). Phylogeny of Oestridae (Insecta: Diptera). Systematic Entomology 26, 133–171. doi: 10. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. 1046/
External links
- Encyclopedia.com article
- "Bug Attack" documentary: includes footage and description of botflies
- A snopes article concerning a botfly infestation
- Human Botfly, Description and Cure
- Footage of a Human Botfly removal
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