Ancient City of Bosra*
UNESCO World Heritage Site
State Party	Syria
Type	Cultural
Criteria	i, iii, iv
Reference	22
Region†	Arab States
Inscription history
Inscription	1980  (4th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List. † Region as classified by UNESCO.

Bosra (Arabic: بصرى‎, also Bostra, Busrana, Bozrah, Bozra, Busra Eski Şam, Busra ash-Sham, Nova Trajana Bostra) is an ancient city administratively belonging to the Daraa Governorate in southern Syria. A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex As of 2008 there are a total of 878 World Heritage Sites located in 145 "State Parties" Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Daraa Governorate (مُحافظة درعةis one of the fourteen governorates (provinces of Syria. Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية It is a major archaeological site and has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established on November 16 A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex

History

The settlement was first mentioned in the documents of Tutmose III and Akhenaton (14th century BC). Thutmose III (sometimes read as Thutmosis or Tuthmosis III and meaning Thoth is Born) was the sixth Pharaoh of the Eighteenth Akhenaten (often alt: Akhnaten, or rarely Ikhnaton) (In English ˌɑkəˡnɑtən or approximately "AHK-en-AHT-en" his royal name Amenhotep Bosra was the first Nabatean city in the 2nd century BC. The Nabataeans ( Arabic: الأنباط, Al-Anbāṭ) were an ancient Semitic people Arabs of southern Jordan, Canaan The Nabatean Kingdom was conquered by Cornelius Palma, a general of Trajan, in 106. Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known as Trajan ( September 18 53 &ndash August 9 117) was a Roman Emperor who

Under the Roman Empire, Bosra was renamed Nova Trajana Bostra, and was the residence of the legio III Cyrenaica and capital of the Roman province Arabia Petraea. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Notice - The Legion III Cyrenaica living history (wwwlegioiiicyrenaica In Ancient Rome, a province (Latin provincia, pl provinciae) was the basic and until the Tetrarchy (circa For the Achaemenid satrapy of Arabia see Arabia (satrapy Arabia Petraea, also called Provincia Arabia or simply Arabia, was a frontier The city flourished and became a major metropolis at the juncture of several trade routes, including the Roman road to the Red Sea. A metropolis (from the Greek μήτηρ mētēr meaning 'mother' and πόλις pólis meaning 'city/town' is a big City, in most cases with A trade route is a logistical network identified as a series of pathways and stoppages used for the commercial transport of cargo The Roman Roads were essential for the growth of the Roman Empire, by enabling the Romans to move armies and trade goods and to communicate news The Red Sea is a Salt water Inlet of the Indian Ocean between Africa and Asia. The two Councils of Arabia were held at Bostra in 246 and 247 AD. The Councils of Arabia were two councils of the early Christian Church held in Bostra, in Arabia; one in 246 and the other in 247. The city continued under the Byzantine Empire, was conquered by the Sassanid Persians in the early 7th century, and finally conquered by the forces of the Rashidun Caliphate under Khalid ibn Walid in the Battle of Bosra in 634. The Rashidun Caliphate Army or Rashidun army was the primary military body of the Rashidun Caliphate 's Armed forces during the Muslim Khālid ibn al-Walīd (592-642 ( خالد بن الوليد) also known by Sunnis as Sayf-'ullah al-Maslul (the Drawn Sword of God, God's Withdrawn For battles of Basra see Battle of Basra. Battle of Bosra was fought to capture Bosra, which was the first important town to be captured Events By Place Oswald of Northumbria defeats Cadwallon ap Cadfan of Gwynedd in the Battle of Heavenfield and

Today, Bosra is a major archaeological site, containing ruins from Roman, Byzantine, and Muslim times. Archaeology, archeology, or archæology (from Greek grc ἀρχαιολογία archaiologia – grc ἀρχαῖος archaīos Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion The city features what is thought to be the best-preserved Roman theater in the world. Every year there is a national music festival hosted in the theater.

Notable people from Bosra

• Titus of Bostra, fl. Titus of Bostra ( Bosra, now in Syria) (died c378 was a Catholic theologian and bishop 4th century AD, Christian theologian
• Saint Antipater of Bostra, fl. Antipater of Bostra was a Greek Prelate and one of the foremost critics of Origen. 5th century AD, Christian bishop
• Bahira, ca. According to Islamic tradition Bahira was an Assyrian Christian Monk who foretold to the adolescent Muhammad his future 600 AD, Assyrian monk
• Ibn Kathir (1301-1373), Islamic scholar

Ancient Roman theater

Other ruins

A view of the citadel (the theater is located inside). The Assyrians are an Ethnic group whose origins lie in what is today Iraq, Iran, Turkey and Syria. Ismail ibn Kathir (ابن كثير (1301&ndash1373 was an Islamic scholar and renowned commentator on the Qur'an.

Roman ruins north of the citadel.

Nabatean Arch

External links

• Catholic Encyclopedia on Bosra