Republic of Bophuthatswana Bantustan of South Africa ← 1972 – 1994 → Flag Anthem Lefatshe leno la bo-rrarona Location of Bophuthatswana within South Africa Capital Mmabatho History  - Self-government June 1, 1972  - Re-integrated into South Africa April 27, 1994

Bophuthatswana (meaning gathering of the Tswana people)^[1] was a bantustan ("homeland") in the northwest of South Africa. A bantustan or more commonly black african homeland or simply homeland, was territory set aside for black inhabitants of South Africa and South-West The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's This is a list of national capitals of the world in alphabetical order Mmabatho ( Setswana for "Mother of the People" is the former capital of the North-West Province of South Africa. Self-governance is an abstract concept that refers to several scales of Organization. Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) A bantustan or more commonly black african homeland or simply homeland, was territory set aside for black inhabitants of South Africa and South-West The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa It had a surface area of approximately 40 000 km² and consisted of seven enclaves dispersed over the former South African provinces of Cape Province, Transvaal and Orange Free State. The Cape of Good Hope Province (commonly referred to simply as the Cape Province) was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of For the Russian theme park see Transvaal Park. The Transvaal (Afrikaans lit The Republic of the Orange Free State (Oranje-Vrystaat Dutch: Oranje-Vrijstaat) was an independent Boer republic in southern Africa The capital Mmabatho was situated in an area bordering Botswana. Mmabatho ( Setswana for "Mother of the People" is the former capital of the North-West Province of South Africa. The Republic of Botswana (Lefatshe la Botswana is a Landlocked nation in Southern Africa. The homeland was set up to house Setswana-speaking peoples. Tswana ( Setswana) is a Bantu language written in the Latin Alphabet. In 1983 it had more than 1,430,000 inhabitants.

History

Bophuthatswana was given nominal self-rule in 1971, and became nominally independent on December 6, 1977; Kgosi Lucas Mangope was appointed head of state. Events 1060 - Béla I of Hungary is crowned king of Hungary 1240 - Mongol invasion of Rus: Kiev Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays Kgosi Lucas Manyane Mangope is the former leader of the Bantustan of Bophuthatswana. In reality Bophuthatswana was a client state of apartheid-era South Africa and was not recognized as an independent country by any government other than that of South Africa (and Israel). Those relocated to Bophuthatswana lost their South African citizenship. In 1988 an attempted coup was suppressed by South Africa, who reinstated Mangope. The coup was later said to have been led by the opposition at the time, the People's Progressive Party (PPP) under the leadership of Rocky Malebana Metsing. A second coup in 1990 was also thwarted.

Economy

It was the richest of the TBVC states (nominally independent Bantustans), as it had platinum mines. Platinum (ˈplætɪnəm is a Chemical element with the Atomic symbol Pt and an Atomic number of 78 Mining is the extraction of valuable Minerals or other geological materials from the earth usually (but not always from an Ore body It also made money from the Sun City casino, which was a day trip from Johannesburg and Pretoria, where gambling was illegal under the National Party government (as it was in the whole country). Sun City is a luxury South African Casino resort situated in the North West Province. Johannesburg ( Pronounced /jō-hān'ĭs-bûrg'/ is the largest city in South Africa. Pretoria is a city located in the northern part of Gauteng Province, South Africa. The National Party ( Afrikaans: Nasionale Party) (with its members sometimes known as Nationalists or Nats) was the governing party of

Bophuthatswana coup

Bophuthatswana as of 1977

In the beginning of 1994 with South Africa heading for democratic elections, the autocratic President Lucas Mangope resisted reincorporation into South Africa. Kgosi Lucas Manyane Mangope is the former leader of the Bantustan of Bophuthatswana. 40 people were wounded when Bophuthatswana Defence Force troops opened fire on striking civil servants. See also Bureaucrat The term civil service has two distinct meanings Branch of governmental service in which individuals are hired on the basis Mangope took an increasingly hardline stance, rejected Independent Electoral Commission chairman Judge Johann Kriegler's plea for free political activity in the territory, and fired the staff of the Bophuthatswana Broadcasting Corporation, closing down two television stations and three radio stations. South Africa The Independent Electoral Commission in South Africa has managed all the country's national and local government elections since the Johann Christiaan Kriegler (born 1932 is a former Constitutional Court and Appeal Court judge from South Africa. Political freedom is the absence of interference with the sovereignty of an individual by the use of coercion or aggression

The white supremacist group Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (AWB) took the opportunity to move in and try to restore the apartheid status quo, but was humiliated in early March when, in the presence of photojournalists and a TV crew, uniformed members of the AWB on an armed incursion to the Mmabatho/Mafikeng area shot at people alongside the road, injuring and killing many. The Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (Afrikaner Resistance Movement or AWB, is a Political and Paramilitary group in South Africa under the leadership Photojournalism is a particular form of Journalism (the collecting editing and presenting of news material for publication or broadcast that creates images in order to tell Mafikeng (previously Mafeking) is the capital of the North-West Province of South Africa. ^[2] They themselves were shot at by members of the Bophuthatswana Defence Force (BDF) and the Police and forced to retreat. Three wounded AWB members were shot dead at point blank range by Ontlametse Bernstein Menyatsoe of the BDF while retreating. ^[3] These killings effectively spelt the end of white right-wing military opposition to democratic reforms. Mangope was replaced by an interim government, and on April 27 of the same year all ten homelands, including Bophuthatswana, were reincorporated into post-apartheid South Africa.

Post-apartheid South Africa

With the end of apartheid, of the 7 enclaves, 5 were added into the North West Province. For the online game see Jennifer Government NationStates. The nation-state is a certain form of State that derives its legitimacy The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa The Boer Republics (sometimes also referred to as Boer states were independent self-governed Republics created by the Dutch -speaking (proto Afrikaans) inhabitants South Africa is currently divided into nine provinces On the eve of the 1994 general election, South Africa's former homelands also known as Bantustans, were reintegrated Mapungubwe was a city in what is now northern South Africa. Flourishing from 1050 AD to 1270 AD at the confluence of the Shashe and Limpopo Swellendam is a small town in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Griquatown is a sheep farming town (primarily Dorpers, a South African breed which can now also be found in places such as Australia) Philippolis is a small town in the Free State province of South Africa. Winburg is a small mixed farming town in the Free State province of South Africa. Potchefstroom is an Academic city hosting the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University (previously known as Potchefstroom University Potchefstroom is an Academic city hosting the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University (previously known as Potchefstroom University Utrecht Lydenburg is a Town in Mpumalanga, South Africa. The town is slated to be renamed Mashishing, according to an announcement made on June 30 2006 Vryheid is a Coal mining and Cattle ranching town in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Griqualand East (also called East Griqualand) is a territory (20000 sq Griqualand West is an area of central South Africa with an area of 40000 km² that now forms part of the Northern Cape Province, which was inhabited by the Klein Vrystaat ( Afrikaans: Little Free State) was a short-lived Boer republic in what is now South Africa. Stellaland was a short-lived Boer Republic from 1882 until 1885, located in an area of Bechuanaland, west of the then South Goshen (named after the biblical Land of Goshen) was a short-lived Boer republic from 24 October 1882 until 7 August 1883 Zululand, the Zulu -dominated area of northern KwaZulu-Natal Province in South Africa, extends along the coast of the Indian Ocean from the Tugela The Natalia Republic was a short-lived Boer republic established in 1839 by local Afrikaans -speaking Voortrekkers shortly after the famous Battle The Republic of the Orange Free State (Oranje-Vrystaat Dutch: Oranje-Vrijstaat) was an independent Boer republic in southern Africa This article is about the former country in Africa For the present-day country see South Africa; for the region where both are located see Southern Africa } The Union of South Africa is the historic predecessor to the present-day state of the Republic of South Africa. Ciskei was a Bantustan in the south east of South Africa. It consisted of two separate blocks of land covering 2970 square miles (7700 km³ almost entirely The Transkei —which means "the area beyond the Kei River"—is a region situated in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Venda was a Bantustan in northern South Africa, now part of Limpopo province The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa North West is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Mafikeng. Thaba Nchu became part of the Free State and Moretele (the easternmost part) became part of Mpumalanga. Mpumalanga, (umˈpuːməlɑŋɡə – name changed from Eastern Transvaal on 24 August 1995) is a province of South Africa The capital, Mmabatho, is now the capital of the North West province.

See also

• Heads of State of Bophuthatswana
• Coins of Bophuthatswana

Further reading

• The Bang-bang Club: The Making of the New South Africa, Greg Marinovich and Joao Silva, William Heinemann, 2000 ISBN 0-434-00733-1
• Report of the Tebbutt Commission of Inquiry into the violence Bophuthatswana on 11 March 1994
• 72 days that shaped South Africa - compilation of newspaper excerpts from 1994

References