Two Boer Wars were fought between the British Empire and the two independent Boer republics, the Orange Free State and the South African Republic (Transvaal Republic), founded by settlers known as Voortrekkers who made the Great Trek from the Cape Colony. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. Boer (ˈbuːr in Dutch ˈbʊɚ/ /boʊɚ or /ˈbɔr/ in English is the Dutch word for Farmer which came to denote the descendants of the proto Afrikaans The Republic of the Orange Free State (Oranje-Vrystaat Dutch: Oranje-Vrijstaat) was an independent Boer republic in southern Africa This article is about the former country in Africa For the present-day country see South Africa; for the region where both are located see Southern Africa Voortrekkers can also refer to a youth organization see Voortrekkers (youth organization. The Great Trek was an eastward and north-eastward migration during the 1830s and 1840s of the Boers ( Dutch / Afrikaans for "farmers" who The Cape Colony, part of modern South Africa, was established by the Dutch East India Company in 1652 with the founding of Cape Town.
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First Boer War
The First Boer War (1880–1881), also known as the "Transvaal War," was a relatively brief and small-scale conflict in which Boer settlers successfully revolted against a British attempt to annex the Transvaal, and re-established an independent republic. See also Second Boer War,, South African Wars (1879-1915 The First Boer War ( Dutch: Eerste Boerenoorlog, Afrikaans: See also Second Boer War,, South African Wars (1879-1915 The First Boer War ( Dutch: Eerste Boerenoorlog, Afrikaans: For the Russian theme park see Transvaal Park. The Transvaal (Afrikaans lit
Second Boer War
The Second Boer War (1899–1902), by contrast, was a lengthy war involving large numbers of troops from many British possessions, which ended with the conversion of the Boer republics into British colonies, with a promise of limited self-government. See also First Boer War,, South African Wars (1879-1915 The Second Boer War ( Dutch: Tweede Boerenoorlog, Afrikaans: Self-governance is an abstract concept that refers to several scales of Organization. These colonies later formed part of the Union of South Africa. } The Union of South Africa is the historic predecessor to the present-day state of the Republic of South Africa.
The war often called the "Boer War" is the Second Boer War.
The Second Boer War was the first time that Australian and New Zealand troops had fought abroad. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Sixty-two percent of the first contingent were New Zealand-born. They were known as the New Zealand mounted rifles and they wore a fern leaf symbol. There was no difficulty in finding volunteers-200 troops set off 10 days after war was declared. Eventually 6495 men and 800 horses were sent (a higher proportion per head of population than Australia or Canada). About 8000 Canadians fought in South Africa, about one-third came from the militia and the rest were paid by government officals.
The British victory in the Second Boer War was secured through the use of "scorched earth" tactics, including the use of concentration camps, however these were not places of forced labor, systematic abuse and mass murder as they would become under the Nazis, who used the same name in German for their detention camps, although conditions in the British run camps were severely criticized. Internment is the imprisonment or confinement of people commonly in large groups without trial Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German
See also
Bibliography
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- Davenport, T. R. H. , and Christopher Saunders (2000). South Africa: A Modern History, 5th ed. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0312233760.
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- Judd, Denis, and Keith Surridge (2003). The Boer War. Basingstoke, U. K. : Palgrave Macmillan. ASIN B000OLSIXQ. The Amazon Standard Identification Number ( ASIN) is a unique identification number assigned by Amazon ISBN 0719561698 (paperback).
- Pakenham, Thomas (1979). The Boer War. New York: Random House. ISBN 0394427424.
- Plaatje, Sol T. (1990). Mafeking Diary: A Black Man’s View of a White Man's War. Ohio University Press. ISBN 0821409441.
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- van Hartesveldt, Fred R. (2000). The Boer War. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0313306273.
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