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Harpoon

A Harpoon missile on display at the USS Bowfin museum at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. First patrol Following fitting out the submarine proceeded via Newport Rhode Island, to New London Connecticut, her base for shakedown training A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development open to the public which acquires conserves researches communicates and exhibits the Pearl Harbor is a Harbor on the Island of O{{okina}}ahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu. The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the
Type Anti-ship missile
Service history
In service 1977
Production history
Manufacturer Boeing Integrated Defense Systems
Unit cost US$720,000
Specifications
Weight 1,144-1,385 lb (519-628 kg) depending on launch platform
Length 15. Anti-ship missiles are a Missile designed for use against Ships Most anti-ship missiles are of the Sea-skimming type and use a combination of The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 4 ft (4. 7 m)
Diameter 1. 1 ft (0. 34 m)
Warhead 487 lb (221 kg)
Engine turbojet engine
Wingspan 3 ft (0. TurboJET (噴射飛航 is the brand name for the operations of the Hong Kong -based Shun Tak-China Travel Ship Management Limited (信德中旅船務管理有限公司 91 m)
Operational
range		 58-196 mi (93-315 km) depending on launch platform
Speed 537 mph (864 km/h)
Guidance
system		 Active radar
Launch
platform		 multi-platform:
  • RGM-84A surface-launched
  • AGM-84A air-launched
  • UGM-84A submarine-launched

The Harpoon is an all-weather, over-the-horizon, anti-ship missile system, developed and manufactured by the McDonnell Douglas Corporation of the United States of America, with manufacturing now taken over by Boeing Integrated Defense Systems, the new owner of its factory in Missouri. Over-the-horizon radar, or OTH (sometimes also beyond the horizon, or BTH) is a design concept for Radar systems to allow them to detect targets Anti-ship missiles are a Missile designed for use against Ships Most anti-ship missiles are of the Sea-skimming type and use a combination of McDonnell Douglas was a major American Aerospace manufacturer and Defense contractor, producing a number of famous commercial and military aircraft Boeing Integrated Defense Systems ( Boeing IDS) based in St Louis, Missouri, USA, is a unit of The Boeing Company responsible for Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee In 2004, Boeing delivered the 7,000th Harpoon unit since the weapon's introduction in 1977. The missile system has also been further developed into a land-strike weapon, the Standoff Land Attack Missile (SLAM). The Standoff Land Attack Missile or SLAM is a subsonic over-the-horizon all-weather Cruise missile which grew out of the United States Navy 's Harpoon

The regular Harpoon uses active radar homing, and a low-level, sea-skimming cruise trajectory to improve survivability and lethality. Active radar homing is a Missile guidance method in which a Guided missile contains a Radar Transceiver and the electronics necessary for it Sea skimming is a technique many Anti-ship missiles utilize to avoid Radar and Infrared detection during their approach The missile's launch platforms include:

The missiles somewhat comparable to the Harpoon are the French-made Exocet, the Swedish RBS-15, the Russian SS-N-25 Switchblade, the British Sea Eagle and the Chinese Yingji. The Exocet is a French -built Anti-ship missile whose various versions can be launched from surface vessels submarines and airplanes The RBS-15 (Robotsystem 15 is a long-range Fire-and-forget surface-to-surface and air-to-surface, Anti-ship missile. The Zvezda Kh-35 Uran ( NATO reporting name SS-N-25 'Switchblade') is Russian Subsonic Anti-ship missile. The BAe Sea Eagle is a medium Weight, ' fire-and-forget ' Sea-skimming Anti-ship missile designed and built by BAe Dynamics (now The Yingji-82 or YJ-82 (鹰击-82 literally "Eagle Strike" NATO reporting name: CSS-N-8 Saccade) is a Chinese


Contents

The Original Harpoon

The Harpoon was first introduced in 1977 after the sinking of the Israeli destroyer Eilat in 1967 by a Soviet-built Styx anti-ship missiles from an Egyptian missile boat. World War II Zealous was one of four British destroyers of the Home Fleet that rescued 525 Norwegians who had been hiding from German patrols in caves on the The P-15 Termit (П-15 "Термит" Termite) was a type of Missile developed by the Soviet Union 's Raduga design bureau

Initially developed as an air-launched missile for the United States Navy P-3 Orion patrol planes, the Harpoon has been adapted for use on Air Force B-52H bombers, which can carry from eight to 12 of the missiles. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

The following discussion of user countries and weapons platforms is quite incomplete.

The Harpoon has been procured by many U. S. Allies, especially by the NATO countries, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, U. K. etc.

The Harpoon has also been adapted for use on the F-16 Fighting Falcon, in use by the USA, Singapore, and the United Arab Emirates. It has been carried by several US Navy aircraft, including the P-3, the A-6 Intruder, the S-3 Viking, and the F/A-18 Hornet. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

The Royal Australian Air Force can fire AGM-84 series missiles from its F-111C/G Aardvarks, F/A-18 Hornets, and P-3C Orion aircraft. The Royal Australian Air Force ( RAAF) is the Air Force branch of the Australian Defence Force. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Royal Australian Navy deploys the Harpoon on major surface combatants and in the Collins class submarines. The Royal Australian Navy ( RAN) is the naval branch of the Australian Defence Force. Design and construction Much of the technology and computer design expertise came from Kockums of Sweden. The Spanish Air Force and the Chilean Navy are another AGM-84D customer and can fire the missiles from F/A-18, F-16, surface ships, and the P-3 Orion aircraft. The Spanish Air Force ( Spanish: Ejército del Aire; literally "Army of the Air" is the Air force of Spain. The Chilean Navy (Armada de Chile is the naval force of Chile. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The British Royal Navy deploys the Harpoon on several types of surface ship and submarine, and the Royal Air Force uses it on the Nimrod MR2 maritime patrol aircraft. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

The Canadian Forces Maritime Command (Canadian Navy) uses Harpoons on its Halifax-Class Patrol frigates. "MARCOM" redirects here For the historical (1936–1950 U Description Weapons Systems The primary weapon deployed by Halifax -class vessels is the CH-124 Sea King helicopter which acts in concert with shipboard The Royal New Zealand Air Force has the capability of carrying the Harpoon on its five P-3 patrol planes as its only source of maratime striking power against surface ships. The Royal New Zealand Air Force ( RNZAF) is the air arm of the New Zealand Defence Force.

The Republic of Singapore Air Force also operates 5 modified Fokker-50 Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA) which are fitted with sonars and sensors to fire the Harpoon missile. The Pakistani Navy uses the Harpoon on its naval frigates and P-3C Orions. Pakistan Navy ( Urdu: پاک بحریہ) is the naval branch of the Military of Pakistan. For the bird see Frigatebird. A frigate /ˈfrɪgɪt/ is a warship The Turkish Navy uses Harpoons on surface combatants and Type-209 submarines. The Turkish Navy (Türk Deniz Kuvvetleri is a branch of the Turkish Armed Forces. The Turkish Air Force will operate the SLAM-ER.

57 Harpoons were reportedly sold to the Republic of China Air Force (Taiwan). Republic of China Air Force Personnel53000 The Taiwanese navy also includes four guided-missile destroyers and several guided-missile frigates with the capability of carrying the Harpoon. This is not surprising, since these are either former USN destroyers or identical to U. S. N. frigates - the Oliver Hazard Perry-class. Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry (August 20 1785 &ndash August 23 1819 was an officer in the United States Navy.

Harpoon Block ID

This version featured a larger fuel tank and reattack capability, but was not produced in numbers because its intended mission (confrontation with the Soviet Union) was, after 1991, considered unlikely.

Harpoon Block IE

The Block IE version uses an optical seeker head borrowed from the AGM-62 Walleye, a GPS receiver and the data link from the AGM-65 Maverick missile. The AGM-62 Walleye is a Television -guided Glide bomb which was produced by Martin Marietta and used by the United States armed forces during Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth Debt AIDS Trade in Africa (or DATA) is a Multinational non-government organization founded in January 2002 in London by U2 's The AGM-65 Maverick is an air-to-ground tactical missile (AGM designed for close air support A missile (see also pronunciation differences) is a self-propelled explosive Projectile used as a weapon towards a target It is an intermediate range, all-weather weapon which can attack ships in port, which are close together, or a land target. The reuse of electronics and sensors already in service in other weapons reduced its development cost. A sensor is a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or by an instrument

It's operational designation is the AGM-84F. [1][2]

SLAM ATA (Block IG)

This version, under development, gives the SLAM a reattack capability as well as an image comparison capability similar to the Tomahawk cruise missile; that is, the weapon can compare the target scene in front of it with an image stored in its on-board computer during terminal phase target acquisition and lockon. The Tomahawk Land Attack Missile (TLAM is a long-range all-weather subsonic cruise missile An image (from Latin imago) or picture is an artifact usually two-dimensional that has a similar appearance to some subject &mdashusually A computer is a Machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. [3]

Harpoon Block II

Harpoon Block II test firing from USS Decatur.
Harpoon Block II test firing from USS Decatur. History Following a combination shakedown and transit cruise to the west coast during which Decatur visited San Juan Puerto Rico; Puerto Vallarta

In production at Boeing facilities in Saint Charles, Missouri is the Harpoon Block II, intended to offer an expanded engagement envelope and advanced counter measures together with improved targeting. St Charles ( French: "Saint-Charles" Spanish: "San Carlos" is a city in and the county seat of St Electronic Countermeasures ( ECM') are a subsection of Electronic warfare which includes any sort of electrical or electronic device designed to trick Specifically, the Harpoon was initially designed as an open-ocean weapon; Block II continues progress begun with Block IE, and provides the Harpoon with a littoral water attack capability.

The key improvements of the Harpoon Block II are obtained by incorporating the inertial measurement unit from the Joint Direct Attack Munition program, and the software, computer, Global Positioning System (GPS)/inertial navigation system and GPS antenna/receiver from the SLAM Expanded Response (SLAM-ER), an upgrade to the SLAM. inertial guidance systemAn inertial measurement unit, or IMU is the main component of Inertial guidance systems used in air-, space-, and Watercraft Overview The JDAM is not a weapon rather it is a "bolt-on" upgrade for unguided gravity bombs installed during build up of the munition by Naval Ordnancemen or Air Force Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth

The first international customer for Harpoon Block II systems was the Royal Danish Navy, which ordered 50 upgrade kits in 1997; the first systems were delivered in 2002. The Royal Danish Navy ( RDN) (officially Kongelige Danske Marine in Danish but commonly Søværnet (literally 'Sea Defence' is the sea-based

Harpoon Block III

With the addition of a robust datalink system, Harpoon Block III provides inflight target updates, positive terminal control and connectivity with future network architecture, resulting in more control after the weapon is released. In Telecommunication a data link is the means of connecting one location to another for the purpose of transmitting and receiving digital information The datalink already provides autonomous, all-weather, over-the-horizon capability. In Telecommunication a data link is the means of connecting one location to another for the purpose of transmitting and receiving digital information

The Harpoon Block III Weapon System provides the U.S. Navy and its allies with Surface Warfare (SuW) capabilities from ships and aircraft. Harpoon Block III creates a highly capable weapon for the open water and littoral warfare environment, adding Global Positioning System capability, littoral performance improvement and a precision moving target solution. Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth

The 500-pound blast warhead delivers lethal firepower for conventional anti-ship missions, such as open-ocean, near-land, or ships in port. The datalink updated Global Positioning System/Inertial Navigation System improves mid-course guidance to the target area. In Telecommunication a data link is the means of connecting one location to another for the purpose of transmitting and receiving digital information Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth The accurate navigation solution allows users to discriminate target ships from islands, other nearby land masses, obstructions, or ships. Harpoon Block III will be deployable from Harpoon missile system platforms with existing command and launch equipment, the F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, and the Multi-Mission Maritime Aircraft (MMA) like P-3 Orion. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Operational history

In 1981 and 1982 there were two accidental launches of Harpoon missiles from US and Danish surface ships. Cause A navy investigation into the matter initially concluded that a technical malfunction was the cause of the launch as it happened in the absence of the missile launch key

In 1986, the United States Navy sank at least two Libyan patrol boats in the Gulf of Sidra. Gulf of Sidra is a body of water in the Mediterranean Sea on the northern coast of Libya; it is also known as Gulf of Sirte. Two Harpoon missiles were launched from the USS Yorktown with no confirmed results and several others from A-6 Intruder aircraft that were said to have hit their targets. History Yorktown was commissioned on July 4 1984 at Yorktown Virginia, and was designed to take advantage of the American Aegis technology WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [4][5] Initial reports claimed that the USS Yorktown scored hits on a patrol boat, but action reports indicated that the target may have been a false one and that no ships were hit by those missiles. [6]

In 1988, Harpoon missiles were used to sink the Iranian frigate Sahand during Operation Praying Mantis. See also Iranian frigate Sabalan Iranian frigate Alvand Iranian frigate Alborz Current Iranian Operation Praying Mantis was an April 18, 1988 attack by US naval forces in retaliation for the Iranian mining of the Persian Another was fired at the Combattante II class missile boat Joshan, but failed to strike because the FAC had already been mostly sunk by RIM-66 Standard missiles. The RIM-66 Standard MR (SM-1MR/SM-2MR is a medium range Surface-to-air missile (SAM originally developed for the United States Navy (USN An Iranian Harpoon was also fired at the destroyer USS Wainwright. Shakedown Between January and May the guided missile frigate completed her outfitting at Boston Massachusetts. The missile passed along the side of the warship but apparently it failed to detect and engage the ship.

In December 1988, a Harpoon launched by an F/A-18 Hornet airplane from the aircraft carrier USS Constellation[7] killed one sailor when it struck the Jagvivek, a 250 ft long Indian merchant ship, during an exercise at the Pacific Missile Range near Kauai, Hawaii. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout History 1960–1969 Following fitting out and acceptance trials Constellation departed her home port of Norfolk Virginia, on 7 February India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Located in the State of Hawaii on the western shores of Kauai, the Pacific Missile Range Facility ( PMRF) at Barking Sands is the world's largest Kauai (in standard Hawaiian kauˈaʔi in Kauai- Ni{{okina}}ihau dialect; usually spelled Kauai outside the Hawaiian Islands and ˈkaʊɑɪ or /kaʊˈɑɪ/ The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the A Notice to Mariners had been issued warning of the danger, but when the Jagvivek strayed into the test range, the unarmed Harpoon, loaded with an inert warhead, locked onto it instead of its intended target. Summary of Corrections A close companion to the Notice to Mariners is the Summary of Corrections.

General characteristics

Harpoon Block II test firing from USS Thorn.
Harpoon Block II test firing from USS Thorn. See also List of United States Navy destroyers

References

  1. ^ FAS Harpoon article
  2. ^ Global Security Harpoon article
  3. ^ Global Security Harpoon article
  4. ^ Time (magazine). The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and High-Tech Firepower. April 7, 1986. Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar)
  5. ^ Ronald Reagan. Letter to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President Pro Tempore of the Senate on the Gulf of Sidra Incident. March 26, 1986. Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar)
  6. ^ The New York Times. PENTAGON REVISES LIBYAN SHIP TOLL. March 27, 1986. Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar)
  7. ^ The New York Times / AP. U.S. Rocket Hits Indian Ship Accidentally, Killing Crewman. December 13, 1988. Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar)

External links

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