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Boeing 777

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Boeing 777-200 of United Airlines, the launch customer of the 777
Type Airliner
National origin United States
Manufacturer Boeing Commercial Airplanes
Maiden flight June 12, 1994
Introduction June 7, 1995 with United Airlines
Status Active
Primary users Singapore Airlines
Air France-KLM
Emirates Airline
United Airlines
Produced 1993 - present
Number built 713 as of April 2008
Unit cost US$187. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout United Air Lines Inc, trading as United Airlines ( is a major airline of the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing building testing selling and maintaining Aircraft, Aircraft parts Boeing Commercial Airplanes is a unit of The Boeing Company, based in Renton, Washington consisting of the Seattle -based former Boeing The maiden flight of an Aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 United Air Lines Inc, trading as United Airlines ( is a major airline of the United States. Singapore Airlines Limited ( SIA) ( abbreviated zh 新航 Syarikat Penerbangan Singapura சிங்கப்பூர் ஏர்லைன்ஸ் ( is the Air France-KLM () is a European Airline Holding company incorporated under French law with its headquarters at Roissy-Charles de Gaulle Airport Emirates Airline (shortened form Emirates) ( Arabic: طيران الإمارات Tayarān al-Imārāt) is a subsidiary of The Emirates Group United Air Lines Inc, trading as United Airlines ( is a major airline of the United States. 5-253 million[1]

The Boeing 777 is an American long-range, wide-body twin-engine airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the wide-body aircraft is a large Airliner with twin aisles and typically a fuselage diameter of 5 to 6 metres (16 to 20 ft An airliner is a large Fixed-wing aircraft with the primary function of transporting paying passengers Boeing Commercial Airplanes is a unit of The Boeing Company, based in Renton, Washington consisting of the Seattle -based former Boeing The world's largest twinjet and commonly referred to as the "Triple Seven", it can carry between 283 and 368 passengers in a three-class configuration and has a range from 5,235 to 9,450 nautical miles (9,695 to 17,500 km). A twinjet is a Jet aircraft powered by two engines There are two common configurations of the engines one sees either engine slung under a wing and the other sees A nautical mile or sea mile is a unit of Length. It corresponds approximately to one minute of Latitude along any meridian. Distinguishing features of the 777 include the six wheels on each main landing gear, its circular fuselage cross section, the largest diameter turbofan engines of any aircraft, the pronounced "neck" aft of the flight deck, and the blade-like tail cone. The fuselage (from the French fuselé "spindle-shaped" is an Aircraft 's main body section that holds crew and passengers or Cargo A turbofan is a type of Jet engine, similar to a Turbojet. It essentially consists of a Ducted fan with a smaller diameter turbojet engine

Singapore Airlines is the largest operator of the Boeing 777 family with 75 in service (46 are the 777-200ER variant, 12 are 777-300s, and 17 are 777-300ERs with 2 on firm order and 13 more on option). Singapore Airlines Limited ( SIA) ( abbreviated zh 新航 Syarikat Penerbangan Singapura சிங்கப்பூர் ஏர்லைன்ஸ் ( is the As of February 2008, 53 customers have placed orders for 1,050 777s. [2]

Direct market competitors to the 777 are the Airbus A330-300, A340, and some variants of the A350 XWB, which is currently under development. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The 777 may eventually be replaced by a new product family, the Boeing Y3, which would draw upon technologies from the 787. Yellowstone is a Boeing Commercial Airplanes project to replace its entire civil aircraft portfolio with advanced technology aircraft WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Y3 may also replace the Boeing 747 series. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Contents

Development

Background

In the 1970s, Boeing unveiled new models: the twin-engine 757 to replace the venerable 727, the twin-engine 767 to challenge the Airbus A300, and a trijet 777 concept to compete with the DC-10 and the Lockheed L-1011 TriStar. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A trijet is an Aircraft powered by three Jet engines Early twin-jet designs were limited by the FAA 's " 60-minute rule " whereby WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [3] Based on a re-winged 767 design, the proposed 275-seat 777 was to be offered in two variants: a 2,700 nautical miles (5,000 km) transcontinental and an 4,320 nmi (8,000 km) intercontinental.

The twinjets were a big success, due in part to the 1980s ETOPS regulations. However the trijet 777 was cancelled (much like the trijet concept of the Boeing 757) in part because of the complexities of a trijet design and the absence of a 40,000 lbf (178 kN) engine. The cancellation left Boeing with a huge size and range gap in its product line between the 767-300ER and the 747-400. The DC-10 and L-1011, which entered service in early 1970s, were also due for replacement. In the meantime, Airbus developed the A340 to fulfill that requirement and to compete with Boeing.

Design phase

In the mid-1980s Boeing produced proposals for an enlarged 767, dubbed 767X. There were also a number of in-house designations for proposals, of which the 763-246 was one internal designation that was mentioned in public. [4] The 767X had a longer fuselage and larger wings than the existing 767, and seated about 340 passengers with a maximum range of 7,300 nautical miles (13,500 kilometers). The airlines were unimpressed with the 767X: they wanted short to intercontinental range capability, a bigger cabin cross section, a fully flexible cabin configuration and an operating cost lower than any 767 stretch. By 1988 Boeing realized that the only answer was a new design, the 777 twinjet. A twinjet is a Jet aircraft powered by two engines There are two common configurations of the engines one sees either engine slung under a wing and the other sees [5]

Glass cockpit of United Airlines 777
Glass cockpit of United Airlines 777

Designing of the 777 was different from previous Boeing jetliners. A glass cockpit is an Aircraft cockpit that features electronic instrument displays. For the first time, eight major airlines (Cathay Pacific, American, Delta, ANA, BA, JAL, Qantas, and United) had a role in the development of the plane as part of a "Working Together" collaborative model employed for the 777 project. Cathay Pacific Airways Limited () is the largest Airline and Flag carrier of Hong Kong. American Airlines Inc (AA is a US -based airline and the world's Largest airline in total passenger miles transported and passenger fleet size Delta Air Lines Inc ( is a United States Airline based and headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. also known as or ANA, is an airline headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. British Airways plc ( is the national Airline and Flag carrier of the United Kingdom and one of the largest in Europe ( or JAL, is an airline of Japan It is one of the largest Airline operators in Asia. Qantas Airways Limited (ˈkwɔntəs ( is the National airline of Australia. United Air Lines Inc, trading as United Airlines ( is a major airline of the United States. [6]

At the first "Working Together" meeting in January 1990, a 23-page questionnaire was distributed to the airlines, asking each what it wanted in the new design. By March 1990 a basic design for the 767X had been decided upon; a cabin cross-section close to the 747's, 325 passengers, fly-by-wire controls, glass cockpit, flexible interior, and 10% better seat-mile costs than the A330 and MD-11. Aircraft flight control systems consist of Flight control surfaces, the respective cockpit controls connecting linkages and the necessary operating mechanisms to control A glass cockpit is an Aircraft cockpit that features electronic instrument displays. Available seat miles (ASM is a measure of an Airline flight's passenger carrying capacity ETOPS was also a priority for United Airlines. [7]

All software, whether produced internally to Boeing or externally, was to be written in Ada. Ada is a structured, Statically typed, imperative, and object-oriented high-level computer Programming language The bulk of the work was undertaken by Honeywell who developed an Airplane Information Management System (AIMS). This handles the flight and navigation displays, systems monitoring and data acquisition (e. g. flight data acquisition).

United's replacement program for its aging DC-10s became a focus for Boeing's designs. The new aircraft needed to be capable of flying three different routes; Chicago to Hawaii, Chicago to Europe and non-stop from the hot and high Denver to Hawaii. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the In Aviation, hot and high refers to very warm climates or very high Elevations that may compromise an aircraft's ability to operate safely The City and County of Denver (pronounced /ˈdɛnvɚ/ is the Capital and the most populous city of Colorado, in the United States [8]

In October 1990, United Airlines became the launch customer when it placed an order for 34 Pratt & Whitney-powered 777s with options on a further 34. [9] Production of the first aircraft began in January 1993 at Boeing's Everett plant near Seattle. Everett is the County seat and largest city in Snohomish County, Washington located north of Seattle. [10] In the same month, the 767X was officially renamed the 777, and a team of United 777 developers joined other airline teams and the Boeing team at the Boeing Everett Factory. The Boeing Company 's Everett Washington Factory is where Boeing 747s 767s 777s and the new 787 Dreamliner are built [11] Divided into 240 design teams of up to 40 members, working on individual components of the aircraft, almost 1,500 design issues were addressed. [12]

The 777 was the first commercial aircraft to be designed entirely on computer. A computer is a Machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. Everything was created on a 3D CAD software system known as CATIA, sourced from Dassault Systemes. CATIA (Computer Aided Three Dimensional Interactive Application is a multi-platform CAD / CAM / CAE commercial software suite developed by Dassault Systemes ( Dassault Systèmes SA) (daˈso () is a leading company specializing in 3D and PLM ( Product Lifecycle Management) This allowed a virtual 777 to be assembled, in simulation, to check for interferences and to verify proper fit of the many thousands of parts before costly physical prototypes were manufactured. [13] Boeing was not convinced of the abilities of the program, and built a mock-up of the nose section to test the results. Section 41 is the forward portion of a Boeing aircraft from the nose to aft of the cockpit. It was so successful that all further mock-ups were cancelled. [14]

Into production

The first Boeing 777 in commercial service, United Airlines' N777UA
The first Boeing 777 in commercial service, United Airlines' N777UA

The 777 included substantial international content, to be exceeded only by the 787. United Air Lines Inc, trading as United Airlines ( is a major airline of the United States. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout International contributors included Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Kawasaki Heavy Industries (fuselage panels), Fuji Heavy Industries, Ltd. (center wing section),[15] Hawker De Havilland (elevators), ASTA (rudder)[16] and Ilyushin (jointly designed overhead baggage compartment). ( is an international corporation based in Japan. It has headquarters in both Chūō-ku, Kobe and Minato Tokyo. or FHI, is a Japanese company which traces its origins to the Nakajima Aircraft Company (est Elevators are control surfaces usually at the rear of an Aircraft, which control the aircraft's orientation by changing the pitch of the aircraft and so also Aircraft flight control surfaces allow a pilot to adjust and control the aircraft's flight attitude Ilyushin (Илью́шин or Ilyushin Design Bureau is a Russian Design bureau and Aircraft Manufacturer (design office prefix [17]

On April 9, 1994 the first 777, WA001, was rolled out in a series of fifteen ceremonies held during the day to accommodate the 100,000 invited guests. Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) [18] First flight took place on June 14, 1994, piloted by 777 Chief Test Pilot John E. Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Cashman, marking the start of an eleven month flight test program more extensive than that seen on any previous Boeing model. [19]

On May 15, 1995 Boeing delivered the first 777, registered N777UA, to United Airlines. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 United Air Lines Inc, trading as United Airlines ( is a major airline of the United States. The FAA awarded 180 minute ETOPS clearance ("ETOPS-180") for PW4074 engined 777-200s on May 30, 1995, making the 777 the first aircraft to carry an ETOPS-180 rating at its entry into service. The Federal Aviation Administration ( FAA) is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation with authority to regulate and oversee all aspects of Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 [20] The 777's first commercial flight took place on June 7, 1995 from London's Heathrow Airport to Washington Dulles International Airport. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Washington Dulles International Airport is a public Airport located 25 miles (40 km) west of the Central business district of Washington D The development, testing, and delivery of the 777 was the subject of the documentary series, "21st century Jet: The Building of the 777. "

In 1996 Japan Air System held an airplane livery design contest for its 777. was the smallest of the big three Japanese Airlines headquartered in Ōta, Tokyo. [21][22] The winning design was featured on the JAS 777 for the airline's 25th anniversary in April 1997. [23]

Due to rising fuel costs, airlines began looking at the Boeing 777 as a fuel-efficient alternative compared to other widebody jets. With modern engines, having extremely low failure rates (as seen in the ETOPS certification of most twinjets) and increased power output, four engines are no longer necessary except for very large aircraft such as the Airbus A380 or Boeing 747. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Singapore Airlines is the largest operator of the Boeing 777 family with 75 in service, consisting of -200ER (46), -300s (12) and -300ERs (17). Singapore Airlines Limited ( SIA) ( abbreviated zh 新航 Syarikat Penerbangan Singapura சிங்கப்பூர் ஏர்லைன்ஸ் ( is the [24] Emirates Airline is second with 57 777s as of 2007, consisting of -300ERs (31), -300s (12), -200LRs (4), -200ERs (6), and -200s (3). Emirates Airline (shortened form Emirates) ( Arabic: طيران الإمارات Tayarān al-Imārāt) is a subsidiary of The Emirates Group [25]

Design

Main undercarriage of an American Airlines 777-200ER on landing approach
Main undercarriage of an American Airlines 777-200ER on landing approach

Boeing employed advanced technologies in the 777. In Aviation, the undercarriage or landing gear is the structure (usually wheels that supports an Aircraft on the ground and allows it to taxi American Airlines Inc (AA is a US -based airline and the world's Largest airline in total passenger miles transported and passenger fleet size These features included:

Section 41 on a Boeing 777, the only major part shared with the 767
Section 41 on a Boeing 777, the only major part shared with the 767

The 777 has the same Section 41 as the 767. Section 41 is the forward portion of a Boeing aircraft from the nose to aft of the cockpit. Section 41 is the forward portion of a Boeing aircraft from the nose to aft of the cockpit. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This refers to the part of the aircraft from the tip of the nose, going to just behind the cockpit windows. From a head-on view, the end of the section is very evident. This is where the bulk of the aircraft's avionics are stored.

Boeing made use of work done on the canceled Boeing 7J7, which had validated many of the chosen technologies. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A notable design feature is Boeing's decision to retain conventional control yokes rather than fit sidestick controllers as used in many fly-by-wire fighter aircraft and in some Airbus transports. A yoke, alternatively known as control column, is a device used for Piloting in most Fixed-wing aircraft, analogous to a Steering wheel Aircraft flight control systems consist of Flight control surfaces, the respective cockpit controls connecting linkages and the necessary operating mechanisms to control Boeing viewed the traditional yoke and rudder controls as being more intuitive for pilots. Aircraft flight control systems consist of Flight control surfaces, the respective cockpit controls connecting linkages and the necessary operating mechanisms to control

Folding wingtips were offered when the 777 was launched but no airline has purchased this option. This feature was meant to appeal to airlines who might use the aircraft in gates made to accommodate smaller aircraft. The feature was also meant to appeal to airports. Some airports who did not want to renovate their gates for large, wide bodied aircraft like the recent Airbus A380 would be more likely to offer service for airlines with the feature. [27][28]

Interiors

Economy class interior of EVA Air 777-300ER in 3-3-3 layout
Economy class interior of EVA Air 777-300ER in 3-3-3 layout

The interior of the Boeing 777, also known as the Boeing Signature Interior, has since been used on other aircraft, including the 767-400ER, 747-400ER, newer 767-200s and 767-300s. EVA Airways Corporation (E-V-A Air(ways) is a Taiwanese Airline based at Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport near Taipei, Taiwan WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The interior on the Next Generation 737 and the Boeing 757-300 is loosely based on the 777's interior but also blends in aspects from the 757-200 interior. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The 777 also features larger, more rounded, windows than most other aircraft. The 777-style windows were later adopted on the 767-400ER and Boeing 747-8. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Boeing 747-8 is the latest variant of the Boeing 747, officially announced in 2005 The Boeing 787 and Boeing 747-8 will feature a new interior evolved from the 777-style interior and, in the case of the 787, will have even larger windows. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Boeing 747-8 is the latest variant of the Boeing 747, officially announced in 2005

Some 777s also have crew rest areas in the crown area above the cabin. Separate crew rests can be included for the flight and cabin crew, with a two-person crew rest above the forward cabin between the first and second doors,[29] and a larger overhead crew rest further aft with multiple bunks.

Variants

Various Boeing 777 models await final delivery
Various Boeing 777 models await final delivery

Boeing uses two characteristics to define their 777 models. The first is the fuselage size, which affects the number of passengers and amount of cargo that can be carried. The 777-200 and derivatives are the base size. A few years later, the aircraft was stretched into the 777-300.

The second characteristic is range. The maximal total range is the distance an Aircraft can fly between Takeoff and Landing, as limited by fuel capacity in powered aircraft or cross-country Boeing defined these three segments:

These markets are also used to compare the 777 to its competitor, the Airbus A340. Airbus SAS (ˈɛərbʌs in English, Airbus2ogg|/ɛʁbys/]] in French, and /ˈɛːɐbʊs/ in German) is an aircraft manufacturing

When referring to variants of the 777, Boeing and the airlines often collapse the model (777) and the capacity designator (200 or 300) into a smaller form, either 772 or 773. Subsequent to that they may or may not append the range identifier. So the base 777-200 may be referred to as a "772" or "772A", while a 777-300ER would be referred to as a "773ER", "773B" or "77W". Any of these notations may be found in aircraft manuals or airline timetables. [31]

Initial models

777-200

Delta's 777-200 in livery commemorating the 2002 Winter Olympics
Delta's 777-200 in livery commemorating the 2002 Winter Olympics

The 777-200 (772A) was the initial A-market model. Delta Air Lines Inc ( is a United States Airline based and headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. A livery is a Uniform or other sign worn in a non-military context on a person or object (such as an airplane or Vehicle) to denote a relationship The 2002 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XIX Olympic Winter Games were a Winter Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 2002 The first customer delivery was to United Airlines (FAA: N777UA) in May 1995. United Air Lines Inc, trading as United Airlines ( is a major airline of the United States. The Federal Aviation Administration ( FAA) is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation with authority to regulate and oversee all aspects of It is available with a maximum take-off weight (MTOW) from 505,000 to 545,000 pounds (229 to 247 tonnes) and range capability between 3,780 and 5,235 nautical miles (7,000 to 9,695 km). The Maximum Takeoff Weight or Maximum Takeoff Mass of an Aircraft is the maximum weight at which the pilot of the aircraft is allowed to attempt to take off

The -200 is currently powered by two 77,000 lbf (343 kN) Pratt & Whitney PW4077 turbofans, 77,000 lbf (343 kN) General Electric GE90-77Bs, or 76,000 lbf (338 kN) Rolls Royce Trent 877s. Pratt & Whitney is an American Aircraft engine manufacturer of products widely used in both civil and military aircraft. The Pratt & Whitney PW4000 is a family of high-bypass turbofan Aircraft Engines with certified Thrust ranging from 52000 to 99040 GE Aviation, a subsidiary of General Electric, is headquartered in Evendale Ohio (a Cincinnati suburb WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Rolls-Royce plc ( is a British Aircraft engine maker and the second-largest in the world behind GE Aviation. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [1]

The first 777-200 built was used by Boeing's non-destructive testing (NDT) campaign in 1994–1995, and provided valuable data for the -200ER and -300 programs (see below). This A market aircraft was sold to Cathay Pacific Airways and delivered in December 2000. Cathay Pacific Airways Limited () is the largest Airline and Flag carrier of Hong Kong.

The direct equivalent from Airbus is the Airbus A330-300. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout As of August 2007, 84 Boeing 777-200 aircraft were in airline service. [32]

777-200ER

Air France 777-200ER touches down at Paris Charles de Gaulle airport
Air France 777-200ER touches down at Paris Charles de Gaulle airport

Originally known as the 777-200IGW (for "increased gross weight"), the longer-range B market 777-200ER (772B) features additional fuel capacity, with increased MTOW range from 580,000 to 631,000 pounds (263 to 286 tonnes) and range capability between 6,000 and 7,700 nautical miles (11,000 to 14,260 km). Air France (formally Société Air France) is one of the world's largest Airlines Air France is based in Paris, France, and is a subsidiary of ER stands for Extended Range. The first 777-200ER was delivered to British Airways in February 1997,[33] who also were the first carrier to launch, in 2001, a 10 abreast economy configuration in this airframe, which had originally been designed for a maximum 9 abreast configuration. British Airways plc ( is the national Airline and Flag carrier of the United Kingdom and one of the largest in Europe British Airways plc ( is the national Airline and Flag carrier of the United Kingdom and one of the largest in Europe

The 777-200ER can be powered by any two of a number of engines: the 84,000 lbf (374 kN) Pratt & Whitney PW4084 or Rolls-Royce Trent 884, the 85,000 lbf (378 kN) GE90-85B, the 90,000 lbf (400 kN) PW4090, GE90-90B1, or Trent 890, or the 92,000 lbf (409 kN) GE90-92B or Trent 892. Pratt & Whitney is an American Aircraft engine manufacturer of products widely used in both civil and military aircraft. The Pratt & Whitney PW4000 is a family of high-bypass turbofan Aircraft Engines with certified Thrust ranging from 52000 to 99040 Rolls-Royce plc ( is a British Aircraft engine maker and the second-largest in the world behind GE Aviation. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Pratt & Whitney PW4000 is a family of high-bypass turbofan Aircraft Engines with certified Thrust ranging from 52000 to 99040 WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout In 1998 Air France took delivery of a 777-200ER powered by GE90-94B engines capable of 94,000 lbf (418 kN) thrust. Air France (formally Société Air France) is one of the world's largest Airlines Air France is based in Paris, France, and is a subsidiary of WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Rolls Royce Trent 800 is the leading engine for the 777 with a market share of 43%. The engine is used on the majority of 777-200s, ERs and 300s but is not offered for the 200LR and 300ER. [34]

On March 1997, China Southern Airlines made history by flying the 1st Boeing 777 scheduled transpacific route, which was the flagship Guangzhou-Los Angeles route. China Southern Airlines ( Simplified Chinese: 中国南方航空公司 (,) is an Airline based in Guangzhou in the Guangdong Province On April 2, 1997, a Boeing 777-200ER, tail registration 9M-MRA (dubbed the "Super Ranger") of Malaysia Airlines, broke the Great Circle Distance Without Landing record for an airliner by flying east (the long way) from Boeing Field, Seattle, to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, a distance of 20,044 km (10,823 nmi), in 21 hours, 23 minutes, more than a scheduled range of B777-200LR. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Malaysia Airlines (MAS ( Malay:Syarikat Penerbangan Malaysia Chinese:马来西亚航空公司) is the Flag carrier of Malaysia. A great circle is a Circle on the surface of a Sphere that has the same circumference as the sphere dividing the sphere into two equal Hemispheres. Boeing Field, officially King County International Airport is a two- Runway Airport owned and run by King County Washington, USA Kuala Lumpur (ˈkwɑːləlʊmˈpʊər Malay /kwɑlɑlʊmpʊ/ and locally /kwɑləlʊmpɔ/ or even /kɔlɔmpɔ/ or often abbreviated as K For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The flight was non-revenue with no passengers on board. The plane is also recognized for another feat; the longest ETOPS-related emergency flight diversion (192 minutes under one engine power) was conducted on a United Airlines' Boeing 777-200ER carrying 255 passengers on March 17, 2003 over the southern Pacific Ocean [35] —not without causing regulatory consternation. United Air Lines Inc, trading as United Airlines ( is a major airline of the United States. Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar.

The direct equivalents to the 777-200ER from Airbus are the Airbus A340-300 and the proposed A350-900. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout As of August 2007, 397 Boeing 777-200ER aircraft were in airline service, with 34 further firm orders. [32]

777-300

An Emirates 777-300 landing at London Heathrow Airport
An Emirates 777-300 landing at London Heathrow Airport

The stretched A market 777-300 (773A) is designed as a replacement for 747-100s and -200s. Emirates Airline (shortened form Emirates) ( Arabic: طيران الإمارات Tayarān al-Imārāt) is a subsidiary of The Emirates Group Compared to the older 747s, the stretched 777 has comparable passenger capacity and range, and also burns one third less fuel and has 40% lower maintenance costs.

It features a 33 ft 3 in (10. 1 m) fuselage stretch over the baseline 777-200, allowing seating for up to 550 passengers in a single class high density configuration and is also 29,000 pounds (13 tonnes) heavier. The 777-300 has tailskid and ground maneuvering cameras mounted on the horizontal tail and underneath the forward fuselage to aid pilots during taxi due to the aircraft's length.

It was awarded type certification simultaneously from the U. S. FAA and European JAA and was granted 180 min ETOPS approval on May 4, 1998 and entered service with Cathay Pacific later in that month. The Federal Aviation Administration ( FAA) is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation with authority to regulate and oversee all aspects of The Joint Aviation Authorities, or JAA, is an associated body of the European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC representing the Civil aviation regulatory Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Cathay Pacific Airways Limited () is the largest Airline and Flag carrier of Hong Kong.

The typical operating range with 368 three-class passengers is 6,015 nautical miles (11,135 km). A nautical mile or sea mile is a unit of Length. It corresponds approximately to one minute of Latitude along any meridian. It is typically powered by two of the following engines: 90,000 lbf (400 kN) PW4090 turbofans, 92,000 lbf (409 kN) Trent 892 or General Electric GE90-92Bs, or 98,000 lbf (436 kN) PW-4098s. The Pratt & Whitney PW4000 is a family of high-bypass turbofan Aircraft Engines with certified Thrust ranging from 52000 to 99040 WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Since the introduction of the -300ER in 2004, all operators have selected the ER version of the -300 model. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This aircraft has no direct Airbus equivalent but the A340-600 is offered in competition. As of August 2007, 60 Boeing 777-300 aircraft were in airline service. [32]

Longer range models

777-200LR

A GE90 engine mounted on a 777-200LR.
A GE90 engine mounted on a 777-200LR. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

The 777-200LR (772C) ("LR" for "Longer Range") became the world's longest range commercial airliner when it entered service in 2006. Boeing named this plane the WorldLiner for its ability to connect almost any two airports in the world, although it is subject to ETOPS restrictions. It is capable of flying 9,450 nautical miles (17,501. 40 km) in 18 hours. Developed alongside the 777-300ER, the 777-200LR achieves this with either 110,000 lbf (489 kN) thrust General Electric GE90-110B1 turbofans, or as an option, GE90-115B turbofans used on the -300ER.

Rolls Royce originally offered the Trent 8104 engine with a thrust of 104,000 to 114,000 lbf (463 to 507 kN) that has been tested up to 117,000 lbf (520 kN). Rolls-Royce plc ( is a British Aircraft engine maker and the second-largest in the world behind GE Aviation. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout However, Boeing and Rolls Royce could not agree on risk sharing on the project so the engine was eventually not offered to customers. Instead GE agreed on risk-sharing for the development of long range derivatives of the Boeing 777. The agreement stipulated that only GE engines would be offered on the 777-200LR and 777-300ER. [36]

The 777-200LR was initially proposed as a 777-100X. [37] It would have been a shortened version of the 777-200, analogous to the Boeing 747SP. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The shorter fuselage would allow more of the take-off weight to be dedicated to fuel tankage, increasing the range. Because the aircraft would have carried fewer passengers than the 777-200 while having similar operating costs, it would have had a higher cost per seat. With the advent of more powerful engines the 777-100X proposal was replaced by the 777X program, which evolved into the Longer Range 777-200LR.

The 777-200LR WorldLiner, presented at the Paris Air Show 2005. (now with PIA)
The 777-200LR WorldLiner, presented at the Paris Air Show 2005. The Paris Air Show ( Salon International de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace Paris-Le Bourget) is an international trade fair for the aerospace business (now with PIA)

The -200LR features a significantly increased MTOW and three optional auxiliary fuel tanks manufactured by Marshall Aerospace in the rear cargo hold. Pakistan International Airlines Corporation, more commonly known as Pakistan International Airlines or PIA ( Urdu: پی آئی اے or پاکستان The Marshall companies have been internationally associated with aerospace engineering for over ninety years [38] Other new features include raked wingtips, a new main landing gear and additional structural strengthening. The roll-out was on February 15, 2005 and the first flight was at March 8, 2005. Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1618 - Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The second prototype made its first flight on May 24, 2005. Events 1218 - The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. 1276 - Magnus Ladulås is crowned Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The -200LR's entry into service was in January 2006. The only mass-produced aircraft with greater unrefueled range is the KC-10 Extender military tanker. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Aerial refueling, also called air refueling, in-flight refueling ( IFR) air-to-air refueling ( AAR) or tanking, is

On November 10, 2005, a 777-200LR set a record for the longest non-stop flight by passenger airliner by flying 11,664 nautical miles (13,422 statute miles, or 21,602 km) eastwards (the westerly great circle route is only 5,209 nautical miles) from Hong Kong, China, to London, UK. Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The journey took 22 hours and 42 minutes. This was logged into the Guinness World Records and surpassed the 777-200LR's design range of 9,450 nmi with 301 passengers and baggage. Guinness World Records, known until 2000 as The Guinness Book of Records (and in previous U [39]

On February 2, 2006, Boeing announced that the 777-200LR had been certified by both FAA and EASA to enter into passenger service with airlines. Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. [40] The first Boeing 777-200LR was delivered to Pakistan International Airlines on February 26, 2006 and the second on March 23, 2006. Pakistan International Airlines Corporation, more commonly known as Pakistan International Airlines or PIA ( Urdu: پی آئی اے or پاکستان Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. PIA has at least nine 777s in service and the company plans to replace all of its older jets with the series.

Other customers include Air India and Turkmenistan Airlines. Air India Limited ( एअर इंडिया) is the national Airline of India with a worldwide network of passenger and cargo services Turkmenistan Airlines is the Flag carrier Airline of the former soviet republic of Turkmenistan. In November 2005, Air Canada confirmed an order for the jets. Air Canada () is Canada 's largest Airline and Flag carrier. The airline founded in 1937 has had its corporate headquarters in Montreal Also that month Emirates Airline announced they bought ten -200LRs as part of a larger 777 order (42 in all). Emirates Airline (shortened form Emirates) ( Arabic: طيران الإمارات Tayarān al-Imārāt) is a subsidiary of The Emirates Group On September 12, 2006, Qatar Airways announced firm orders for the Boeing 777-200LR along with Boeing 777-300ER. Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Qatar Airways Company QCSC (القطرية is the Flag carrier airline of Qatar, based in Doha. [41] On October 10, 2006, Delta Air Lines announced two firm orders of the aircraft to add to its long-haul routes and soon after announced three more orders. Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Delta Air Lines Inc ( is a United States Airline based and headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. [42] Air New Zealand is looking at the possibility of using the 777-200LR variant to add to their -200ERs for a new Auckland to New York route, beginning an ultra-long range route. Air New Zealand Limited (, Air New Zealand is a scheduled passenger Airline based in Auckland, New Zealand, and the national Flag carrier The Auckland metropolitan area or Greater Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Later, Air New Zealand elected to focus on the Boeing 787 and 777-300ER for future plans instead. [43]

The closest Airbus equivalent is the A340-500. The proposed future A350-900R model, aims to have a range up to 9,500 nautical miles or 17,600 km. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout As of August 2007 4 Boeing 777-200LR aircraft were in airline service, with firm orders for 44 aircraft. [32]

777-300ER

A 777-300ER of Singapore Airlines, the world's largest operator of the 777
A 777-300ER of Singapore Airlines, the world's largest operator of the 777

The 777-300ER is the Extended Range (ER) version of the 777-300 and contains many modifications, including the GE90-115B engines, which are the world's most powerful jet engine with 115,300 lbf (513 kN) thrust. Singapore Airlines Limited ( SIA) ( abbreviated zh 新航 Syarikat Penerbangan Singapura சிங்கப்பூர் ஏர்லைன்ஸ் ( is the WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Other features include raked wingtips, a new main landing gear, extra fuel tanks (2,600 gallons), as well as strengthened fuselage, wings, empennage, nose gear, engine struts and nacelles, and a higher MTOW, 775,000 lb versus 660,000 lb for the 777-300. Empennage émpənij is an Aviation term used to describe the Tail portion of an Aircraft. The maximum range is 7,930 nautical miles (14,685 km). A nautical mile or sea mile is a unit of Length. It corresponds approximately to one minute of Latitude along any meridian. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand The 777-300ER program was launched by Air France, though for political reasons, Japan Airlines was advertised as the launch customer. Air France (formally Société Air France) is one of the world's largest Airlines Air France is based in Paris, France, and is a subsidiary of ( or JAL, is an airline of Japan It is one of the largest Airline operators in Asia. The first flight of the 777-300ER was February 24, 2003. Events 303 - Galerius, Roman Emperor, publishes his edict that begins the persecution of Christians in his portion of the Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Delivery of the first 777-300ER to Air France occurred on April 29, 2004. Air France (formally Société Air France) is one of the world's largest Airlines Air France is based in Paris, France, and is a subsidiary of Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " [33]

The main reason for the 777-300ER's extra 1,935 nmi (3,550 km) range over the 777-300 is not merely the capacity for an extra 2,600 gallons of fuel (45,220 to 47,890 gal), but the increase in the maximum take-off weight (MTOW).

An Air Canada 777-300ER with thrust reversers and spoilers deployed after landing
An Air Canada 777-300ER with thrust reversers and spoilers deployed after landing

The -300ER is slightly less fuel efficient than the regular -300 because it weighs slightly more and has engines that produce more thrust. Air Canada () is Canada 's largest Airline and Flag carrier. The airline founded in 1937 has had its corporate headquarters in Montreal Thrust reversal, also called reverse thrust, is the temporary diversion of an Aircraft engine 's exhaust or changing of propeller pitch so that the thrust produced In Aeronautics a spoiler (sometimes called a lift dumper) is a device intended to reduce lift in an aircraft Both the -300 and -300ER weigh approximately 360,000 lb empty and have the same passenger and payload capacity, but the ER has a higher MTOW and therefore can carry about 110,000 lb more fuel than the -300. This enables the -300ER to fly roughly 34% farther with the same passengers and cargo. Without the increase in fuel capacity due to larger fuel tanks, the -300ER's range would still be 25% greater at equal payload. In a maximum payload situation, the -300 would only be able to fill its fuel tanks about 60%, while the -300ER could be filled to full capacity.

Since the introduction of the -300ER, six years after the -300's first delivery, all orders for the -300 series have been the ER variant. The 777-300ER's direct Airbus equivalent is the A340-600HGW.

The 777-300ER has been test flown with only one working engine for as long as six hours and 29 minutes (389 minutes) over the Pacific Ocean as part of its Extended-range Twin-engine Operational Performance Standards (ETOPS) trials. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions 180 minutes of successful and reliable operation on one workable engine are required for the ETOPS 180-minute certification.

As of August 2007 96 Boeing 777-300ER aircraft were in airline service with 173 firm orders. [32]

777 Freighter

The 777 Freighter (777F) is an all-cargo version of the 777-200LR. The 777F is expected to enter service in late 2008. [44] It amalgamates features from the 777-200LR and the 777-300ER, using the -200LR's structural upgrades and 110,000 lbf (489 kN) GE90-110B1 engines, combined with the fuel tanks and undercarriage of the -300ER.

With a maximum payload of 103 tons, the 777F's capacity will be similar to the 112 tons of the 747-400F, with a nearly identical payload density. Units of mass There are three similar units of Mass called the ton: Long ton (simply ton in countries such as the United As Boeing's forthcoming 747-8 will offer greater payload than the -400F, Boeing is targeting the 777F as a replacement for older 747F and MD-11F freighters. The Boeing 747-8 is the latest variant of the Boeing 747, officially announced in 2005 WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout It was launched on May 23, 2005. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

The 777F promises improved operating economics compared to existing 100+ ton payload freighters. With the same fuel capacity as the 777-300ER, the 777F will have a range of 4,895 nmi (9,065 km) at maximum payload, although greater range will be possible if less weight is carried. For example, parcel and other carriers which are more concerned with volume than weight will be able to make non-stop trans-Pacific flights.

Airbus currently has no comparable aircraft but is developing two models with similar specifications to the 777F. The A330-200F will carry less payload but is a smaller and a cheaper alternative. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout With a capacity of around 90 tons the proposed A350-900F will be a more capable competitor, although slightly smaller than the 777F. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The MD-11F is another comparable aircraft but with less range than the 777F. When the 777F enters service in 2008, it is expected to be the longest-range freighter in the world. The 747-400ERF can carry more cargo and travel farther than the 777F, but the 747-8F replacing it will have less range than the 747-400ERF in the interest of more payload.

On November 7, 2006, FedEx Express canceled its order of ten Airbus A380-800Fs, citing the delays in delivery. Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. FedEx Express is a cargo airline based in Memphis, Tennessee, USA. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout FedEx Express said it would buy 15 777Fs instead, with an option to purchase 15 additional 777Fs. [45] FedEx's CEO stated that "[t]he availability and delivery timing of this aircraft, coupled with its attractive payload range and economics, make this choice the best decision for FedEx. "[45]

Air France-KLM has signed on as the 777F launch customer. Air France-KLM () is a European Airline Holding company incorporated under French law with its headquarters at Roissy-Charles de Gaulle Airport The order is for five aircraft with the first delivery in 2008. In May 2008, there were firm orders for 78 777 freighters from 11 airlines. [46]

On May 19, 2008, Boeing released a photo of the first 777 Freighter emerging from Boeing's paint hangar in Everett, Washington. Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Everett is the County seat and largest city in Snohomish County, Washington located north of Seattle. [47] On May 21, 2008, the 777F made an official rollout ceremony in Everett, Washington. Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Everett is the County seat and largest city in Snohomish County, Washington located north of Seattle.

777 Tanker (KC-777)

The KC-777 is a proposed tanker version of the 777. In September 2006, Boeing publicly announced that it was ready and willing to produce the KC-777, if the USAF requires a bigger tanker than the KC-767. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout In addition the tanker will be able to transport cargo or personnel. [48][49] Boeing instead offered its KC-767 Advanced Tanker for U. S. Air Force's KC-X competition in April 2007. KC-X is the name of the United States Air Force program to procure its next-generation Aerial refueling tanker aircraft [50]

Operators

Main article: List of Boeing 777 operators

Incidents

As of February 2008, six incidents, including one hull-loss accident involving 777s had occurred,[51] resulting in no fatalities among passengers or crew. A list of operators of the Boeing 777 as of May 2008 Sources Boeing Commercial Orders and Deliveries An aviation accident is defined in the International Civil Aviation Organization Annex 13 An aviation accident is defined in the International Civil Aviation Organization Annex 13 [52]

Specifications

777-200 777-200ER 777-200LR 777 Freighter 777-300 777-300ER
Cockpit crew Two
Seating capacity,
typical		 305 (3-class)
400 (2-class)		 301 (3-class)
400 (2-class)		 301 (3-class) N/A (Cargo) 368 (3-class)
451 (2-class)		 365 (3-class)
Length 209 ft 1 in (63. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Inches redirects here To see the Les Savy Fav album see Inches. 7 m) 242 ft 4 in (73. 9 m)
Wingspan 199 ft 11 in (60. 9 m) 212 ft 7 in (64. 8 m) 199 ft 11 in
(60. 9 m)		 212 ft 7 in
(64. 8 m)
Wing sweepback 31. 64°
Tail height 60 ft 9 in (18. This article describes the unit of angle For other meanings see Degree. 5 m) 61 ft 9 in (18. 8 m) 61 ft 1 in (18. 6 m) 60 ft 8 in
(18. 5 m)		 61 ft 5 in
(18. 7 m)
Cabin width 19 ft 3 in (5. 86 m)
Fuselage width 20 ft 4 in (6. 19 m)
Cargo capacity 5,655 ft³ (160 m³)
14 LD3[62]		 5,302 ft³ (150 m³)
6 LD3		 22,455 ft³ (636 m³)
37 pallets		 7,080 ft³ (200 m³)
20 LD3[63]
Empty weight 307,000 lb
(139,225 kg)		 315,000 lb
(142,900 kg)		 326,000 lb
(148,181 kg)		 353,600 lb
(160,120 kg)		 366,940 lb
(166,881 kg)
Maximum take-off weight (MTOW) 545,000 lb
(247,210 kg)		 656,000 lb
(297,560 kg)		 766,000 lb
(347,450 kg)		 660,000 lb
(299,370 kg)		 775,000 lb
(351,534 kg)
Cruising speed 0. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The pound or pound-mass (abbreviation lb, lbm, or sometimes in the United States #) is a unit of Mass 84 Mach (560 mph, 905 km/h, 490 knots) at 35,000 ft cruise altitude[64]
Maximum cruise speed 0. Mach number (\mathrm{Ma} or M (generally ˈmɑːk sometimes /ˈmɑːx/ or /ˈmæk/ is the speed of an object moving through air or any Fluid 89 Mach (587 mph, 945 km/h, 510 knots) at 35,000 ft cruise altitude
Maximum payload range 3,250 nmi
(6,020 km)		 5,800 nmi
(10,740 km)		 7,500 nmi
(13,890 km)		 4,895 nmi
(9,065 km)*		 3,800 nmi
(7,035 km)		 5,500 nmi
(10,190 km)
Maximum range 5,235 nm
(9,695 km)		 7,700 nm
(14,260 km)		 9,450 nm
(17,500 km)		 4,895 nm
(9,065 km)*		 6,015 nm
(11,135 km)		 7,930 nm
(14,685 km)
Takeoff run at MTOW ISA+15 MSL 8,200 ft
(2,500 m)		 11,600 ft
(3,536 m)		 11,200 ft
(3,410 m)		 10,500 ft
(3,200 m)
Maximum fuel capacity 31,000 US gal
(117,000 L)		 45,220 US gal
(171,160 L)		 53,440 US gal
(202,290 L)		 47,890 US gal
(181,280 L)		 45,220 US gal
(171,160 L)		 47,890 US gal
(181,280 L)
Service ceiling 43,100 ft (13,140 m)
Engine (x 2) PW 4077
RR 877
GE90-77B		 PW 4090
RR 895
GE90-94B		 GE90-110B
GE90-115B		 GE90-110B PW 4098
RR 892
GE90-94B		 GE90-115B
Thrust (x 2) PW: 77,000 lbf (330 kN)
RR: 77,000 lbf (330 kN)
GE: 77,000 lbf (330 kN)		 PW: 90,000 lbf (400 kN)
RR: 93,400 lbf (415 kN)
GE: 94,000 lbf (410 kN)		 GE: 110,000 lbf (480 kN)
GE: 115,000 lbf (510 kN)		 GE: 110,000 lbf (480 kN) PW: 98,000 lbf (430 kN)
RR: 92,000 lbf (400 kN)
GE: 94,000 lbf (410 kN)		 GE: 115,000 lbf (510 kN)

Sources: Boeing 777 Specs,[65] Boeing 777 Airport planning report,[66] Airliners. A nautical mile or sea mile is a unit of Length. It corresponds approximately to one minute of Latitude along any meridian. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand The Maximum Takeoff Weight or Maximum Takeoff Mass of an Aircraft is the maximum weight at which the pilot of the aircraft is allowed to attempt to take off A gallon is a measure of Volume. It is in current use in the United States and still has limited use in many other English-speaking countries The Pratt & Whitney PW4000 is a family of high-bypass turbofan Aircraft Engines with certified Thrust ranging from 52000 to 99040 WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This article deals with the unit of force For the unit of mass see Pound (mass. net[67][68] *-preliminary specs for aircraft not yet in service

777 sales

Main article: List of Boeing 777 operators
Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990
Orders 40 141 77 154 42 13 32 30 116 35 68 55 68 101 0 30 30 24 28
Deliveries 26 75 65 40 36 39 47 61 55 83 74 59 32 13 0 0 0 0 0
Backlog 379 365 299 287 173 167 193 208 239 178 226 232 236 200 112 112 82 52 28

See also

Comparable aircraft

Related lists

References

Notes

  1. ^ "Boeing boosts aircraft prices 5.5% on rising cost of labor, materials", Air Transport World, retrieved June 26, 2007
  2. ^ "A350 vs. 787", Boeing
  3. ^ "The 1980s Generation", Time, August 14, 1978. Competition between Airbus and Boeing is a result of the two companies' domination of the large Jet airliner market since the 1990s which is itself a consequence of numerous WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This list of aircraft is sorted alphabetically beginning with the name of the manufacturer (or in certain cases designer Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Retrieved on 2007-06-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire.  
  4. ^ Cebeci, Uğur. Hurriyet.com - Kokpit (Turkish).
  5. ^ Norris and Wagner (1996), p. 9-14
  6. ^ Birtles, Philip (1998). Boeing 777, Jetliner for New Century. MBI Publishing. ISBN 0-7603-0581-1.  
  7. ^ Norris and Wagner (1996), p. 13
  8. ^ Norris and Wagner (1996), p. 14
  9. ^ "Business Notes AIRCRAFT", Time, October 29, 1990. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Events 437 - Valentinian III, Western Roman Emperor, marries Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of his cousin Theodosius II Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) Retrieved on 2007-06-30. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper  
  10. ^ Sabbagh, p. 180.
  11. ^ Norris and Wagner (1996), p. 15
  12. ^ Norris and Wagner (1996), p. 20
  13. ^ "Computing & Design/Build Processes Help Develop the 777. " Boeing Commercial Airplanes. Boeing Commercial Airplanes is a unit of The Boeing Company, based in Renton, Washington consisting of the Seattle -based former Boeing
  14. ^ Norris and Wagner (1996), p. 21
  15. ^ Boeing Co. and Japan - 777 program partners.
  16. ^ Sabbagh, p. 112 - 114.
  17. ^ Boeing 777 Technical Research Center 777 joint design.
  18. ^ Sabbagh, p. 281 - 284.
  19. ^ Chronology Of The Boeing 777 Program. Retrieved on 2007-07-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 657 - Battle of Siffin. 811 - Battle of Pliska; Byzantine Emperor Nicephorus
  20. ^ 180 minutes ETOPS approval was granted to the General Electric GE90 powered 777 on October 3, 1996, and to the Rolls-Royce Trent 800 powered 777 on October 10, 1996. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar)
  21. ^ The Boeing Company and Japan. Boeing. The Boeing Company is a major Aerospace and defense corporation originally founded by William E
  22. ^ "JAS [B777] Rainbow Design Competition. " Japan Air System.
  23. ^ "Rainbow Design Competition/Presenting the result", Japan Air System.
  24. ^ Singapore Airlines fleet listing, Plane-spotters. net. Retrieved April 5, 2008. Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
  25. ^ Emirates Airline fleet listing, Plane-spotters. net. Retrieved April 5, 2008. Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
  26. ^ Boeing 787 Program Fact Sheet. Retrieved on 2007-08-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 322 BC - Battle of Crannon between Athens and Macedon following the death of Alexander the Great.
  27. ^ FAA publication (PDF).
  28. ^ Type Acceptance Report - Boeing 777
  29. ^ From the Cockpit—777 forward crew rest.
  30. ^ a b c "Boeing 777X. " Mengus, A. AirTransportBiz. com (archive. org page).
  31. ^ IATA & ICAO Aircraft Type Codes on airlinecodes.co.uk.
  32. ^ a b c d e Flight International, World Airliner Census 2007, 21-27 October 2007
  33. ^ a b The Boeing 777 Program Background, Boeing
  34. ^ Leading engine for the 777. Flight International (or Flight) is a global Aerospace weekly publication Retrieved on 2006-12-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila .
  35. ^ ALPA 50th Annual Safety Awards. Retrieved on 2008-06-07. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins
  36. ^ 777 operators object to GE as sole supplier. Flight International (1999-07-21). Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Events 356 BC - Herostratus sets fire to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year
  37. ^ "Boeing Looking Ahead to 21st century", Boeing, July 10, 1995. Events 48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995
  38. ^ 777-200LR Auxilliary Fuel Tanks at Boeing. The Boeing Company is a major Aerospace and defense corporation originally founded by William E com
  39. ^ "Boeing 777-200LR Sets New World Record for Distance", Boeing, November 10, 2005. Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
  40. ^ "Boeing 777-200LR Worldliner Certified to Carry Passengers Around the World", Boeing, February 2, 2006. Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
  41. ^ Qatar Airways confirms 777 orders.
  42. ^ Delta Air Lines First U.S. Carrier to Take Delivery of Boeing 777-200LR. Retrieved on 2007-05-30. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following .
  43. ^ Sobie, Brendan (2006-10-30). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 637 - Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of Iron bridge. Air New Zealand’s Rob Fyfe completes restructuring and plots expansion. Flight International. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year
  44. ^ Boeing Launches New 777 Freighter.
  45. ^ a b "FedEx Express cancels order for 10 Airbus A380s, orders 15 Boeing 777s". Frost, L. The San Diego Union-Tribune. The San Diego Union-Tribune is a daily Newspaper published in San Diego California, by the Copley Press. November 7, 2006. Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
  46. ^ Trimble, Stephen (2008-05-23). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Boeing 777F makes its debut ahead of flight test phase. Flight International. Flight International (or Flight) is a global Aerospace weekly publication Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year
  47. ^ First Boeing 777 Freighter Leaves Paint Hangar, Boeing, May 19, 2008.
  48. ^ "Aerospace Notebook: Boeing now offers the 777 as a tanker", Seattle PI, September 27, 2006. Events 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona and is defeated again Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
  49. ^ "Ready to Fill 'er Up", Boeing November 2006.
  50. ^ "Boeing Submits KC-767 Advanced Tanker Proposal to U.S. Air Force", Boeing, April 11, 2007. Events 491 - Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  51. ^ Boeing 777 summary, Aviation-Safety. net. Accessed 23 March 2008. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
  52. ^ "Boeing 777 Accident Statistics", Aviation-Safety. net, 3 December 2007. Events 1800 - War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden, French Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  53. ^ British Airways Flight 2019 ground fire, Aviation Safety Network.
  54. ^ Reports: Report Number A02C0227: Synopsis. Transportation Safety Board of Canada (2002-10-17). See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost Retrieved on 2008-01-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor
  55. ^ Aviation Safety Investigation Report - Final 200403110 (PDF).
  56. ^ The UK Air Accidents Investigation Branch (AAIB) report on 777 AP-BGL incident (PDF).
  57. ^ Aviation Safety Investigation Report - Final 200503722 (PDF).
  58. ^ 777 Loss of flight air data.
  59. ^ "Interim Management Statement", Regulatory News Service, British Airways, 1 February 2008. The Regulatory News Service (RNS transmits regulatory and non-regulatory information published by companies and organisations allowing them to comply with local market transparency legislation British Airways plc ( is the national Airline and Flag carrier of the United Kingdom and one of the largest in Europe Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common  
  60. ^ "Accident to Boeing 777-236, G-YMMM at London Heathrow Airport on 17 January 2008 - Initial Report", Air Accidents Investigation Branch, 2008-01-18. The Air Accidents Investigation Branch (AAIB investigates air accidents in the United Kingdom. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor  
  61. ^ "Accident to Boeing 777-236, G-YMMM at London Heathrow Airport on 17 January 2008 - Initial Report Update", Air Accidents Investigation Branch, 2008-01-23. The Air Accidents Investigation Branch (AAIB investigates air accidents in the United Kingdom. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor  
  62. ^ Factsheet Boeing 777-200
  63. ^ Factsheet Boeing 777-300
  64. ^ www.airliners.net/info/stats.main?id=106.
  65. ^ 777 - Technical Information. Boeing.
  66. ^ 777 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning. Boeing.
  67. ^ The Boeing 777-200. airliners. net.
  68. ^ The Boeing 777-300. airliners. net.
  69. ^ "Orders and Deliveries search page", The Boeing Company. Retrieved 9 May 2008. Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common

Bibliography

External links

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