Boeing

The Boeing Company

Type	Public (NYSE: BA, TYO: 7661)
Founded	Seattle, Washington (1916)
Headquarters	Chicago, Illinois, US
Key people	W. James McNerney, Jr., CEO J. Michael Luttig, General Counsel
Industry	Aerospace and Defense
Products	Commercial airliners Military aircraft Munitions Space systems Computer Services
Revenue	▲ $61. A public company usually refers to a company that is permitted to offer its registered securities ( Stock, bonds, etc The New York Stock Exchange ( NYSE) is a Stock exchange based in New York City. The, or TSE, located in Tokyo, Japan, is the second largest Stock exchange market in the world by market value second only to the New York Stock Washington ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Walter James "Jim" McNerney Jr, is an American Businessman. J Michael Luttig (born in Tyler Texas, June 13, 1954) is an American Lawyer and a former Federal judge. For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" This article is about the field of research and industry for the corporation see The Aerospace Corporation Aerospace comprises the The arms industry is a global Industry and Business which Manufactures and sells Weapons and Military technology and equipment. In Marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a Market that might satisfy a want or need In business revenue or revenues is Income that a company receives from its normal business activities usually from the sale of goods and services 5 billion USD (FY 2006)^[1]
Net income	▲ $2. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been A fiscal year (or financial year, or sometimes budget year) is a period used for calculating annual ("yearly" Financial statements in Businesses Net income is equal to the Income that a firm has after subtracting costs and Expenses from the total Revenue. 2 billion^[1]
Employees	159,000 (2007)
Divisions	Boeing Commercial Airplanes Integrated Defense Systems Others
Subsidiaries	Aviall, Inc. Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. A division of a business entity is a portion of that business that operates under a different name Boeing Commercial Airplanes is a unit of The Boeing Company, based in Renton, Washington consisting of the Seattle -based former Boeing Boeing Integrated Defense Systems ( Boeing IDS) based in St Louis, Missouri, USA, is a unit of The Boeing Company responsible for The Boeing Company is a major Aerospace and defense corporation originally founded by William E A subsidiary, in business matters is an entity that is controlled by a bigger and more powerful entity Jeppesen Boeing Australia Boeing Defence UK Boeing Store
Website	Boeing.com

The Boeing Company (NYSE: BA, TYO: 7661) is a major aerospace and defense corporation, originally founded by William E. Boeing. Jeppesen (also known as Jeppesen Sanderson) is an American company that specialises in aeronautical charting and navigation services flight planning pilot supplies Boeing's presence in Australia is made up of a number of businesses Boeing Australia Limited Hawker de Havilland Alteon Training Systems Boeing's presence in the United Kingdom is currently made up of a number of Boeing businesses (and subsidiaries Boeing Defence UK Boeing UK Limited The Boeing Store is a chain of stores that sells Boeing merchandise A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages The New York Stock Exchange ( NYSE) is a Stock exchange based in New York City. The, or TSE, located in Tokyo, Japan, is the second largest Stock exchange market in the world by market value second only to the New York Stock William Edward Boeing (born "Wilhelm Edward Boeing" ( October 1, 1881 – September 27, 1956) was an Aviation pioneer who Its international headquarters is in Chicago, Illinois, U.S. Boeing is the largest global aircraft manufacturer by revenue, orders and deliveries, and the second-largest aerospace and defense contractor in the world. Boeing International Headquarters in Chicago is the new home of the Boeing Company, which decided on 10 May 2001 to move to Chicago from Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing building testing selling and maintaining Aircraft, Aircraft parts A defense contractor (or defence contractor, also sometimes called a military contractor) is a Business organization or individual that provides products ^[2] Boeing is the largest exporter in the United States. Its stock is a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. The Dow Jones Industrial Average ( also called the DJIA, Dow 30, INDP, or informally the Dow Jones or The Dow) is one of several

History

Before 1950s

Boeing was incorporated in Seattle, Washington by William E. Washington ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Boeing, on July 15, 1916, as "Pacific Aero Products Co. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year " following the June 15 maiden flight of one of the two "B&W" seaplanes built with the assistance of George Conrad Westervelt, a U.S. Navy engineer. Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history The Boeing Model 1, also known as the B & W Seaplane, was a United States single-engine Biplane Seaplane aircraft George Conrad Westervelt was an US Navy engineer who created the company "Pacific Aero Products Co Many of Boeing's early planes were seaplanes. On May 9, 1917, the company became the "Boeing Airplane Company". Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year William E. Boeing had studied at Yale University and worked initially in the timber industry, where he became wealthy and acquired knowledge about wooden structures. Lumber or timber is Wood in any of its stages from felling through readiness for use as structural Material for Construction, or Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs This knowledge would prove invaluable in his subsequent design and assembly of airplanes. Overview Fixed-wing aircraft range from small training and recreational aircraft to Wide-body aircraft and military cargo aircraft.

Model of Boeing's first plane, the B&W, at Future of Flight Museum shop

In 1927 Boeing created an airline named Boeing Air Transport, which merged a year later with Pacific Air Transport and the Boeing Airplane Company. Pacific Air Transport was a major Airline. In 1927 it merged with the Boeing Airplane Company as well as Boeing's own airline Boeing Air Transport (BAT to form The company changed its name to United Aircraft and Transport Corporation in 1929 and acquired Pratt & Whitney, Hamilton Standard Propeller Company, and Chance Vought. Pratt & Whitney is an American Aircraft engine manufacturer of products widely used in both civil and military aircraft. Hamilton Standard, a famous Aircraft Propeller parts supplier was formed in 1929 when United Aircraft & Transport Corporation consolidated Hamilton Aero Manufacturing Vought is the name of several related Aerospace firms These have included in the past Lewis and Vought Corporation, Chance Vought, Vought Sikorsky United Aircraft then purchased National Air Transport in 1930. National Air Transport was a large airline In 1930 it was bought by Boeing.

In 1933 the revolutionary Boeing 247 was introduced, the first truly modern airliner. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout It was much faster, safer, and easier to fly than other passenger aircraft. For example, it was the first twin engine passenger aircraft that could fly on one engine. In an era of unreliable engines, this vastly improved flight safety. Boeing built the first sixty aircraft exclusively for its own airline operations. This badly hurt competing airlines, and was typical of the anti-competitive corporate behavior that the US government sought to prohibit at the time.

The Air Mail Act of 1934 prohibited airlines and manufacturers from being under the same corporate umbrella, so the company split into three smaller companies - Boeing Airplane Company, United Airlines, and United Aircraft Corporation, the precursor to United Technologies. The Air Mail Scandal, also known as the Air Mail Fiasco, is the name that the American press of the 1930s gave to the political scandal resulting from a congressional United Air Lines Inc, trading as United Airlines ( is a major airline of the United States. The United Aircraft and Transport Corporation was formed in 1929, when William E United Technologies Corporation (UTC ( is an American multinational conglomerate based in Hartford, Connecticut and is the 20th As a result, William Boeing sold off his shares.

The Boeing 314 Clipper

Shortly after, an agreement with Pan American World Airways (Pan Am) was reached, to develop and build a commercial flying boat able to carry passengers on transoceanic routes. A flying boat is a specialised form of Aircraft that is designed to take off from and land on water using its Fuselage as a floating hull. The first flight of the Boeing 314 Clipper was in June 1938. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout It was the largest civil aircraft of its time, with a capacity of 90 passengers on day flights, and of 40 passengers on night flights. One year later, the first regular passenger service from the US to the UK was inaugurated. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Subsequently other routes were opened, so that soon Pan Am flew with the Boeing 314 to destinations all over the world.

In 1938, Boeing completed work on the Model 307 Stratoliner. The Boeing Model 307 Stratoliner was the first commercial transport Aircraft with a pressurized cabin. This was the world’s first pressurized-cabin transport aircraft, and it was capable of cruising at an altitude of 20,000 feet (6,100 m). — above most weather disturbances.

Boeing 377 Stratocruiser

During World War II, Boeing built a large number of bombers. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including A bomber is a Military aircraft designed to attack ground and sea targets primarily by dropping Bombs on them Many of the workers were women whose husbands had gone to war. In the beginning of March 1944, production had been scaled up in such a manner that over 350 planes were built each month. To prevent an attack from the air, the manufacturing plants had been covered with greenery and farmland items. During these years of war the leading aircraft companies of the US cooperated. The Boeing-designed B-17 bomber was assembled also by Lockheed Aircraft Corp. and Douglas Aircraft Co., while the B-29 was assembled also by Bell Aircraft Co. and by Glenn L. Martin Company. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Lockheed Corporation (originally Loughead Aircraft Manufacturing Company was an American aerospace company founded in 1912 which merged with Martin Marietta The Douglas Aircraft Company was an American Aerospace manufacturer, based in Long Beach California. The Bell Aircraft Corporation was an Aircraft manufacturer of the United States, a builder of several types of Fighter aircraft for World War The Glenn L Martin Company was an early US Aircraft company founded by aviation pioneer Glenn Luther Martin.

After the war, most orders of bombers were canceled and 70,000 people lost their jobs at Boeing. The company aimed to recover quickly by selling its Stratocruiser, a luxurious four-engine commercial airliner developed from the B-29. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout An airliner is a large Fixed-wing aircraft with the primary function of transporting paying passengers However, sales of this model were not as expected and Boeing had to seek other opportunities to overcome the situation. The company successfully sold military aircraft adapted for troop transportation and for aerial refueling. Aerial refueling, also called air refueling, in-flight refueling ( IFR) air-to-air refueling ( AAR) or tanking, is

1950s

The Boeing 707 (taken in 1964)

Boeing developed military jets such as the B-47 Stratojet, B-52 Stratofortress, KC-135 Stratotanker in the late-1940s and into the 1950s. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout During the early 1950s, Boeing used company funds to develop the 367-80 jet airliner demonstrator that lead to the KC-135 and later Boeing 707. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

In the mid-1950s technology had advanced significantly, which gave Boeing the opportunity to develop and manufacture totally new products. Technology is a broad concept that deals with a Species ' usage and knowledge of Tools and Crafts and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt One of the first was the guided short-range missile used to intercept enemy aircraft. A missile (see also pronunciation differences) is a self-propelled explosive Projectile used as a weapon towards a target By that time the Cold War had become a fact of life, and Boeing used its short-range missile technology to develop and build an intercontinental missile. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the

In 1958, Boeing began delivery of its 707, the United States' first commercial jet airliner, in response to the British De Havilland Comet, French Sud Aviation Caravelle and Soviet Tupolev Tu-104, which were the world’s first generation of commercial jet aircraft. A jet airliner, sometimes contracted to jetliner, is a passenger Airplane (passenger Aeroplane) that is powered by Jet engines. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout With the 707, a four-engine, 156-passenger airliner, the US became a leader in commercial jet manufacture. A few years later, Boeing added a second version of this aircraft, the 720, which was slightly faster and had a shorter range.

1960s

Vertol Aircraft Corporation was acquired by Boeing in 1960,^[3] and was reorganized as Boeing's Vertol division. The Piasecki Helicopter Corporation (later Vertol Aircraft Corporation) was a designer and manufacturer of Helicopters located in Philadelphia Pennsylvania Boeing Helicopters (now Boeing Rotorcraft Systems) is a US aircraft manufacturer part of Boeing Integrated Defense Systems. The twin-rotor CH-47 Chinook, produced by Vertol, took its first flight in 1961. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This heavy-lift helicopter remains a work-horse vehicle up to the present day. History Since 400 AD Chinese children have played with bamboo flying toys. In 1964, Vertol also began production of the CH-46 Sea Knight. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

In December, 1960 Boeing announced the model 727 jetliner, which went into commercial service about three years later. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Different passenger, freight and convertible freighter variants were developed for the 727. The 727 was the first commercial jetliner to reach 1000 sales, and a few years later the 1500 mark was set.

Boeing 737-300

In 1967, Boeing introduced another short- and medium-range airliner, the twin-engine 737. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout It has become since then the best-selling commercial jet aircraft in aviation history. The 737 is still being produced, and continuous improvements are made. Several versions have been developed, mainly to increase seating capacity and range. Seating capacity refers to the number

The roll-out ceremonies for the first 747-100 took place in 1968, at the massive new factory in Everett, about an hour's drive from Boeing's Seattle home. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Everett is the County seat and largest city in Snohomish County, Washington located north of Seattle. The aircraft made its first flight a year later. The first commercial flight occurred in 1970. The 747 has an intercontinental range and a larger seating capacity than Boeing's previous aircraft.

The 707 and 747 formed the backbone of many major airline fleets through the end of the 1970s.

Boeing also developed hydrofoils in the 1960s. Boeing has designed and built several Hydrofoil craft for both military and civilian use The screw driven USS High Point (PCH-1) was an experimental submarine hunter. The patrol hydrofoil USS Tucumcari (PGH-2) was more successful. Construction operations in San Diego and deployment to Vietnam Tucumcari was built at a cost of $4 million at Boeing's Renton facility on Lake Washington, along with Only one was built, but it saw service in Vietnam and Europe before running aground in 1972. Its innovative waterjet and fully submersed flying foils were the model for the later Pegasus class patrol hydrofoils and Jetfoil ferries in the 1980s. The Tucumcari and later boats were produced in Renton. While the Navy hydrofoils were withdrawn by the end of the 1980s, the swift and smooth Boeing Jetfoils are still in service in Asia. A Jetfoil is the name for a passenger-carrying waterjet-propelled Hydrofoil design by Boeing.

1970s

In the beginning of the 1970s, Boeing faced a new crisis. The Apollo program, in which Boeing had participated significantly during the preceding decade, was almost entirely canceled. Once more, Boeing hoped to compensate with sales of its commercial airliners. At that time, however, there was a heavy recession in the airlines industry so that Boeing did not receive any orders for more than a year. Boeing's bet for the future, the new 747, while delayed in production by three months because of problems with its Pratt & Whitney engines, exceeded its estimated development budget by a considerable amount. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale Another problem was that in 1971, the U.S. Congress decided to stop the financial support for the development of the supersonic 2707, Boeing's answer to the British-French Concorde, forcing the company to discontinue the project. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses For other uses see Supersonic. The term supersonic is used to define a speed that is over the Speed of sound ( Mach 1 The Boeing 2707 was developed as the first American Supersonic transport (SST WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The company had to reduce the number of employees from over 80,000 to almost half, only in the Seattle area.

In January 1970, the first 747, a four-engine long-range airliner, flew its first commercial flight. This famous aircraft completely changed the way of flying, with its 450-passenger seating capacity and its upper deck. Seating capacity refers to the number Boeing has delivered nearly 1,400 747s. The 747 has undergone continuous improvements to keep it technologically up-to-date. Larger versions have also been developed by stretching the upper deck.

The narrow body Boeing 757 replaced the 707 and 727

During the 1970s, Boeing also developed the US Standard Light Rail Vehicle which was used in San Francisco, Boston and Morgantown, WV. The US Standard Light Rail Vehicle was an attempt at a standardized Light rail vehicle promoted by the United States Urban Mass Transit Administration (UMTA It was a limited success as different models would be chosen to replace them by the 2000s, although the Morgantown, WV Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) is still in active service at West Virginia University. The Morgantown Personal Rapid Transit ( WVU PRT) system is an experimental People Most of the Boston cars were decommissioned and destroyed by early 2007.

1980s

In 1983, the economic situation began to improve. Boeing assembled its 1,000th 737 passenger airliner. During the following years, commercial aircraft and their military versions became the basic equipment of airlines and air forces. As passenger air traffic increased, competition was harder, mainly from a European newcomer in commercial airliner manufacturing, Airbus. Airbus SAS (ˈɛərbʌs in English, Airbus2ogg|/ɛʁbys/]] in French, and /ˈɛːɐbʊs/ in German) is an aircraft manufacturing Boeing had to offer new aircraft, and developed the single-aisle 757, the larger, twin-aisle 767, and upgraded versions of the 737. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout An important project of these years was the Space Shuttle, to which Boeing contributed with its experience in space rockets acquired during the Apollo era. NASA 's Space Shuttle, officially called Space Transportation System ( STS) is the United States government's current manned Launch Boeing participated also with other products in the space program, and was the first contractor for the International Space Station. At the same time, several military projects went into production, the Avenger air defense system and a new generation of short-range missiles. During these years, Boeing was very active in upgrading existing military equipment and developing new ones.

1990s

Air France 777-300ER

Boeing was one of seven companies competing for the Advanced Tactical Fighter. Air France (formally Société Air France) is one of the world's largest Airlines Air France is based in Paris, France, and is a subsidiary of The Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF contract was a demonstration and validation program undertaken by the United States Air Force to develop a next-generation Boeing's entry was not selected but, as part of an agreement with General Dynamics and Lockheed, all three companies would participate in the development if one of the three company's design was selected. The Lockheed design was eventually selected and developed into the F-22 Raptor.

In April 1994, Boeing introduced the most modern commercial jet aircraft at the time, the twin-engine 777, with a seating capacity of between 300 and 400 passengers in a standard three class layout, in between the 767 and the 747. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Seating capacity refers to the number The longest range twin-engined aircraft in the world, the 777 was the first Boeing airliner to feature a "fly-by-wire" system and was conceived partly in response to the inroads being made by the European Airbus into Boeing’s traditional market. Aircraft flight control systems consist of Flight control surfaces, the respective cockpit controls connecting linkages and the necessary operating mechanisms to control This aircraft reached an important milestone by being the first airliner to be designed entirely by using CAD techniques. Also in the mid-1990s, the company developed the revamped version of the 737, known as the “Next-Generation 737”, or 737NG. It has since become the fastest-selling version of the 737 in history, and on April 20, 2006 sales passed those of the 'Classic 737', with a follow-up order for 79 aircraft from Southwest Airlines. Events 1303 - The University of Rome La Sapienza is instituted by Pope Boniface VIII. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Southwest Airlines Co ( is an American low-cost Airline based in Dallas Texas, with its largest focus city at Las Vegas ' McCarran The “Next-Generation 737” line includes the 737-600, the 737-700, the 737-800, and the 737-900.

In 1996, Boeing acquired Rockwell’s aerospace and defense units. Rockwell International was the ultimate incarnation of a series of companies under the sphere of influence of Willard Rockwell, who had made his fortune after the invention and The Rockwell products became a subsidiary of Boeing, named Boeing North American, Inc. In August of the next year, Boeing merged with McDonnell Douglas in a US$13 billion stock swap under the name The Boeing Company. McDonnell Douglas was a major American Aerospace manufacturer and Defense contractor, producing a number of famous commercial and military aircraft However this name had actually been Boeing's official name previously adapted on May 21, 1961. Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[4] Following the merger, the McDonnell Douglas MD-95 was renamed the Boeing 717, and the production of the MD-11 was limited to the freighter version. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Boeing introduced a new corporate identity with completion of the merger, incorporating the Boeing logo type and a stylized version of the McDonnell Douglas symbol, which was derived from the Douglas Aircraft logo from the 1970s.

2000s

Boeing's headquarters in Chicago. Formerly the headquarters of Morton Salt

International Space Station

In September 2001, Boeing moved its corporate headquarters from Seattle, WA to Chicago, IL. Morton Salt is a United States company producing Salt for food water conditioning industrial agricultural and road/highway use Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States.

On October 10, 2001, Boeing lost to its rival Lockheed Martin in the fierce competition for the multi-billion dollar Joint Strike Fighter contract. Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Lockheed Martin ( is a large multinational Aerospace manufacturer and advanced technology Company formed in 1995 by the merger of The Joint Strike Fighter (JSF became synonymous with the later F-35 Lightning II, however until 2001 the term was applied to the competition between the Boeing X-32 Boeing’s entry, the X-32, was rejected in favor of Lockheed’s X-35 entrant. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Boeing continues to serve as the prime contractor on the International Space Station and has built several of the major components.

In recent years Boeing has faced increasingly heavy competition from Airbus, which offers some commonality between models (reducing maintenance and training costs) and the latest fly-by-wire technology. Competition between Airbus and Boeing is a result of the two companies' domination of the large Jet airliner market since the 1990s which is itself a consequence of numerous Aircraft flight control systems consist of Flight control surfaces, the respective cockpit controls connecting linkages and the necessary operating mechanisms to control Since the 1970s, Airbus has increased its family of aircraft to the point where they can now offer an aircraft in almost every class Boeing does. Airbus is now competing in markets that Boeing once had a monopoly over. For example, the A320 has been selected by several low-cost operators (the aircraft used by these airlines has traditionally been the 737). WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout In addition, Airbus launched the A380 in 2006 to compete against the 747. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

After several decades of numerous successes, Boeing lost ground to Airbus and subsequently lost its position as market leader in 2003. Multiple Boeing projects were pursued and then canceled. The Sonic Cruiser is among these projects. The Boeing Sonic Cruiser was a Subsonic concept aircraft proposed by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in 2001. The Boeing Sonic Cruiser was launched in 2001 along with a new advertising campaign to promote its new motto, "Forever New Frontiers", and rehabilitate its image. Advertising is a form of Communication that typically attempts to persuade potential Customers to Purchase or to consume more of a particular Brand Boeing is now focused on the newly-launched 787 Dreamliner as a platform of total fleet rejuvenation, which uses technology from the Sonic Cruiser concept. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The result is that the 787 is the fastest selling wide body airliner in history. wide-body aircraft is a large Airliner with twin aisles and typically a fuselage diameter of 5 to 6 metres (16 to 20 ft

In 2004, Boeing ended production of the 757 after 1055 were produced. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout More advanced, stretched versions of the 737 were beginning to compete against the 757, and the new 787-3 will fill some of the top end of the 757 market. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Also that year, Boeing announced that the 717, the last civil aircraft to be designed by McDonnell Douglas, would cease production in 2006. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The 767 was in danger of cancellation as well, with the 787 replacing it, but recent orders for the freighter version have extended the program.

Recently, Boeing launched a new aircraft, the 787 Dreamliner, and five new variants of existing designs: ultra-long-range 777-200LR, 737-900ER, 737-700ER, 777 Freighter and 747-8. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The 777-200LR has the longest range of any commercial aircraft and was first delivered in 2006. The 737-900ER and 737-700ER will extend the range of the -900 and -700 models. Due to rising fuel costs, the more efficient twinjet 777 has been winning orders. A twinjet is a Jet aircraft powered by two engines There are two common configurations of the engines one sees either engine slung under a wing and the other sees The rapid success of the 787 has resulting in Airbus following suit with the competing A350, though the latter still lags behind in development and orders. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The 747-8 is a stretched version of the 747-400 and will offer improved efficiency and longer range. The Boeing 747-8 is the latest variant of the Boeing 747, officially announced in 2005 Following frequent delays to the Airbus A380 program, some airlines stated they were considering switching their orders to the 747-8 instead. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout ^[5]

In May 2005, Boeing announced its intent to form a joint venture, United Launch Alliance with its competitor Lockheed Martin. The new venture will be the largest provider of rocket launch services to the US government. The joint venture gained regulatory approval and completed the formation on December 1, 2006. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ^[6]

On August 2, 2005 Boeing sold its Rocketdyne rocket engine division to Pratt & Whitney. Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne is a United States company that designs and produces Rocket engines that use liquid propellants. Pratt & Whitney is an American Aircraft engine manufacturer of products widely used in both civil and military aircraft. On May 1, 2006, Boeing announced that it had reached a definitive agreement to purchase Dallas, Texas-based Aviall, Inc. for $1. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 7 billion and retain $350 million in debt. Aviall, Inc. and its subsidiaries, Aviall Services, Inc. and ILS formed a wholly owned subsidiary of Boeing Commercial Aviation Services (BCAS). ^[7]

On August 18, 2007, NASA announced that Boeing will be the prime contractor for the liquid-fueled second stage of the Ares I rocket. Events 293 BC - The oldest known Roman temple to Venus is founded starting the institution of Vinalia Rustica. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Ares I is the crew Launch vehicle being developed by NASA as a component of Project Constellation. The stage, based on both Apollo-Saturn and Space Shuttle technologies, will be constructed at NASA's Michoud Assembly Facility near New Orleans, the same site where Boeing constructed the massive S-IC stage of the Saturn V rocket in the 1960s. The Saturn V (pronounced 'Saturn Five' popularly known as the Moon Rocket was a multistage liquid-fuel expendable Rocket used by NASA 's NASA 's Space Shuttle, officially called the Space Transportation System ( STS) is the Spacecraft currently used by the United States The Michoud Assembly Facility (MAF is an 832- Acre (34-km² site owned by the United States' National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA) and located New Orleans (nʲuːˈɔrliənz nʲuːˈɔrlənz French: La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port city and the largest city in Louisiana Manufacturing The Boeing Company was awarded the contract to manufacture the S-IC on December 15, 1961. The Saturn V (pronounced 'Saturn Five' popularly known as the Moon Rocket was a multistage liquid-fuel expendable Rocket used by NASA 's

Unethical conduct

In May 2003, the US Air Force announced it would lease 100 KC-767 tankers to replace the oldest 136 of its KC-135s. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The 10 year lease would give the USAF the option to purchase the aircraft at the end of the contract. In September 2003, responding to critics who argued that the lease was vastly more expensive than an outright purchase, the DOD announced a revised lease of 74 aircraft and purchase of 26.

In December 2003, the Pentagon announced the project was to be frozen while an investigation of allegations of corruption by one of its former procurement staffers, Darleen Druyun (who had moved to Boeing in January) was begun. Darleen A Druyun (born November 7, 1947) a former United States Air Force civilian official and Boeing executive The fallout of this resulted in the resignation of Boeing CEO Philip M. Condit and the termination of CFO Michael M. Sears. A chief executive officer ( CEO) or chief executive is typically the highest-ranking corporate officer ( executive) or administrator Philip Murray Condit (born August 2, 1941) - best known as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO of the Boeing company from Michael M Sears is a former Boeing executive In 1992 Mr Sears led the successful development of the F/A-18 E/F program which has been cited as the best managed Harry Stonecipher, former McDonnell Douglas CEO and Boeing COO, replaced Condit on an interim basis. Harry C Stonecipher (born May 16, 1936 in Robbins Tennessee) is the former President and Chief Executive of American

Druyun pleaded guilty to inflating the price of the contract to favor her future employer and to passing information on the competing Airbus A330 MRTT bid (from EADS). WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company EADS NV ( EADS) is a large European aerospace corporation formed by the merger on July 10, In October 2004, she was sentenced to nine months in jail for corruption, fined $5,000, given three years of supervised release and 150 hours of community service.

In March 2005, the Boeing board forced President and CEO Harry Stonecipher to resign. President is a Title leaders of Organizations companies, Trade unions universities, and countries. Boeing said an internal investigation revealed a "consensual" relationship between Stonecipher and a female executive that was "inconsistent with Boeing's Code of Conduct" and "would impair his ability to lead the company". ^[8] James A. Bell served as interim CEO (in addition to his normal duties as Boeing’s CFO) until the appointment of Jim McNerney as the new Chairman, President, and CEO on June 30, 2005. James A Bell ( Born June 4, 1948 in in Los Angeles, California) is currently the Corporate President Executive Vice President and Walter James "Jim" McNerney Jr, is an American Businessman. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Industrial espionage

In June 2003, Lockheed Martin sued Boeing, alleging that the company had resorted to industrial espionage in 1998 to win the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) competition. Lockheed Martin ( is a large multinational Aerospace manufacturer and advanced technology Company formed in 1995 by the merger of Industrial espionage or corporate espionage is Espionage conducted for commercial purposes instead of National security purposes The Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle ( EELV) program is a United States government, primarily a Department of Defense –sponsored effort begun in the Lockheed claimed that the former employee Kenneth Branch, who went to work for McDonnell Douglas and Boeing, passed 25,000 proprietary documents to his new employers. McDonnell Douglas was a major American Aerospace manufacturer and Defense contractor, producing a number of famous commercial and military aircraft Lockheed argued that these documents allowed Boeing to win 21 of the 28 tendered military satellite launches.

In July 2003, Boeing was penalized, with the Pentagon stripping $1 billion worth of contracts away from the company and awarding them to Lockheed Martin. Furthermore, the company was forbidden to bid for rocket contracts for a twenty-month period, which expired in March 2005.

In early September 2005, it was reported that Boeing was negotiating a settlement with the U. S. Department of Justice in which it would pay up to $500 million to cover this and the Darleen Druyun scandal. ^[9]

The 92 EU-US Agreement notes

Until the late 70s the US had an almost de facto monopoly in the Large Civil Aircraft (LCA) sector. The Airbus consortium (created in 1969) started competing effectively in the 80s. At that stage the US became concerned about the European competition and the alleged subsidies paid by the European governments for the developments of the early models of the Airbus family. This became a major issue of contention, as the European side was equally concerned by subsidies accruing to US LCA manufacturers through NASA and Defense programs.

The EU and the US started bilateral negotiations for the limitation of government subsidies to the LCA sector in the late 1980s. Negotiations were concluded in 1992 with the signature of the EC-US Agreement on Trade in Large Civil Aircraft which imposes disciplines on government support on both sides of the Atlantic which are significantly stricter than the relevant WTO rules: Notably, the Agreement regulates in detail the forms and limits of government support, prescribes transparency obligations and commits the parties to avoiding trade disputes. ^[10]

Subsidy disputes

In 2004 the EU and the US agreed to discuss a possible revision of the 1992 EU-US Agreement provided that this would cover all forms of subsidies including those used in the US, and in particular the subsidies for the Boeing 787; the first new aircraft to be launched by Boeing for 14 years. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in October of 2004, the US began legal proceedings at the World Trade Organization by requesting WTO consultations on European launch investment to Airbus. Airbus SAS (ˈɛərbʌs in English, Airbus2ogg|/ɛʁbys/]] in French, and /ˈɛːɐbʊs/ in German) is an aircraft manufacturing The US also unilaterally withdrew from the 1992 EU-US Agreement. ^[11]

In October 2004, Boeing filed a complaint at the World Trade Organization (WTO), claiming that Airbus had violated a 1992 bilateral accord when it received what Boeing deems as “unfair” subsidies from several European governments. Airbus SAS (ˈɛərbʌs in English, Airbus2ogg|/ɛʁbys/]] in French, and /ˈɛːɐbʊs/ in German) is an aircraft manufacturing Airbus retaliated by filing another complaint, contesting that Boeing had also violated the accord when it received tax breaks from the U. S. Government. Moreover, the E. U. also complained that the investment subsidies from Japanese airlines violated the accord.

On January 11, 2005, Boeing and Airbus agreed that they would attempt to find a solution to the dispute outside of the WTO. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

However, in June 2005, Boeing and the United States government reopened the trade dispute with the WTO, claiming that Airbus had received illegal subsidies from European governments. Airbus has also retaliated against Boeing, reopening the dispute and also accusing Boeing of receiving subsidies from the US government. ^[12]

Recent product development

The Boeing 787 rollout on July 8, 2007

Boeing has recently achieved several consecutive launches, beginning with the formal launch of the 787 for delivery to All Nippon Airways and Air New Zealand. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Events 939 - The Major Occultation or Ghaybat el-Kubra of Muhammad al-Mahdi 1099 - First Crusade: 15000 Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. also known as or ANA, is an airline headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. Air New Zealand Limited (, Air New Zealand is a scheduled passenger Airline based in Auckland, New Zealand, and the national Flag carrier Rollout of the first 787 occurred on July 8, 2007. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Events 939 - The Major Occultation or Ghaybat el-Kubra of Muhammad al-Mahdi 1099 - First Crusade: 15000 Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

Boeing also received the launch contract from the US Navy for the P-8 Multimission Maritime Aircraft, an anti-submarine warfare patrol aircraft. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Anti-submarine warfare (ASW or in older form A/S is a branch of Naval warfare that uses surface Warships Aircraft, space craft or other Submarines Several orders for the Wedgetail AEW&C airplanes are expected as well. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Boeing launched the 777 Freighter in May 2005 with an order from Air France. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The freighter variant is based on the -200LR. Other customers include FedEx, Emirates Airline, and Air Atlanta Icelandic. FedEx Express is a cargo airline based in Memphis, Tennessee, USA. Emirates Airline (shortened form Emirates) ( Arabic: طيران الإمارات Tayarān al-Imārāt) is a subsidiary of The Emirates Group Air Atlanta Icelandic is an Airline based in Kópavogur, Iceland.

Boeing has achieved above projected orders for its 787 Dreamliner, outselling the rival Airbus A350. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A large blow to Airbus came as Emirates Airlines president Tim Clark stated that his airline must be convinced that the 250 to 290-seat A350 would not repeat the "misses" by Airbus in performance and delivery. Emirates has held off ordering either airplane as it tries to convince Boeing to build a larger version of the 787, the 787-10, which is the airline’s preferred option. Air Canada also dealt Airbus a blow by replacing its A330 and A340 fleet with 96 Boeing 777s and 787s.

Boeing officially announced in November 2005 that it would produce a larger variant of the 747, the 747-8, in two models, commencing with the Freighter model for two cargo carriers with firm orders for the aircraft. The second model, dubbed the Intercontinental, would be produced for passenger airlines that Boeing expected would place orders in the near future. Both models of the 747-8 would feature a lengthened fuselage, new, advanced engines and wings, and the incorporation of other technologies developed for the 787.

Boeing has also introduced new extended range versions of the 737. These include the 737-700ER and 737-900ER. The 737-900ER is the latest and will extend the range of the 737-900 to a similar range as the successful 737-800 with the capability to fly more passengers, due to the addition of two extra emergency exits.

The record-breaking 777-200LR Worldliner, presented at the Paris Air Show 2005

The 777-200LR Worldliner embarked on a well-received global demonstration tour in the second half of 2005, showing off its capacity to fly farther than any other commercial aircraft. The Paris Air Show ( Salon International de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace Paris-Le Bourget) is an international trade fair for the aerospace business On November 10, 2005, the 777-200LR set a world record for the longest non-stop flight. Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The plane, which departed from Hong Kong traveling to London, took a longer route, which included flying over the U. S. It flew 11,664 nautical miles (21,601km) during its 22-hour 42-minute flight.

Realizing that increasing numbers of passengers have become reliant on their computers to stay in touch, Boeing introduced Connexion by Boeing, a satellite based Internet connectivity service that promised air travelers unprecedented access to the World Wide Web. Connexion by Boeing (CBB was an in-flight online connectivity service from Boeing. The company debuted the product to journalists in 2005, receiving generally favorable reviews. However, facing competition from cheaper options, such as cellular networks, it proved too difficult to sell to most airlines. In August 2006, after a short and unsuccessful search for a buyer for the business, Boeing chose to discontinue the service. ^[13]^[14]

Titanium joint venture with Russia

On August 11, 2006, Boeing announced an agreement to form a joint-venture with the large Russian titanium producer, VSMPO-Avisma for the machining of titanium forgings. Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Titanium (taɪˈteɪniəm is a Chemical element with the symbol Ti and Atomic number 22 VSMPO-AVISMA Corporation () (ВСМПО-АВИСМА where VSMPO stands for V erkhnesaldinskoye m etallurgicheskoye p roizvodstvennoye ^[15] On December 27, 2007 Boeing and VSMPO-Avisma created a joint venture Ural Boeing Manufacturing and signed a contract on titanium products deliveries until 2015, with Boeing planning to invest 27 billion dollars in Russia over the next 30 years. Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. A joint venture (often abbreviated JV) is an entity formed between two or more parties to undertake economic activity together Titanium (taɪˈteɪniəm is a Chemical element with the symbol Ti and Atomic number 22 Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending ^[16]

Future concepts

In May 2006, four concept designs being examined by Boeing were outlined in the Seattle Times. The Seattle Times, one of two daily Newspapers serving Seattle Washington, United States, is the largest daily newspaper in the state of Codenamed after the well-known Muppets (the design team is known as the Green Team), the designs concentrated primarily on reducing fuel usage. The Muppets are a group of Puppet characters created by Jim Henson. All four designs illustrated rear-engine layouts.

"Fozzie" employs open rotors and would offer a lower cruising speed. For the heavy metal band fronted by Chris Jericho, see Fozzy Fozzie Bear
"Beaker" has very thin, long wings, with the ability to partially fold-up to facilitate easier taxiing.
"Kermit Kruiser" has forward swept wings over which are positioned its engines, with the aim of lowering noise below due to the reflection of the exhaust signature upward. Kermit the Frog is a Muppet, one of Puppeteer Jim Henson 's most famous and beloved creations first introduced in 1955
"Honeydew" with its delta wing design, resembles a marriage of the flying wing concept and the traditional tube fuselage. Dr Bunsen Honeydew is a Muppet from The Muppet Show, performed by Dave Goelz. A flying wing is a Fixed-wing aircraft which has no definite Fuselage, with most of the crew payload and equipment being housed inside the main wing structure

As with most concepts, these designs are only in the exploratory stage intended to help Boeing evaluate the potentials of such radical technologies. ^[17]

Environment

Environmental record

Researchers at the University of Massachusetts have listed Boeing as the thirteenth-largest corporate producer of air pollution in the United States based on 2002 data. The University of Massachusetts (officially nicknamed UMass) is the five-campus public university system of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Air pollution is the human introduction into the atmosphere of Chemicals Particulate matter, or Biological materials that cause harm or discomfort The United States of America —commonly referred to as the ^[18] According to the Center for Public Integrity, the United States Environmental Protection Agency has linked Boeing to more than twenty Superfund toxic waste sites. The Center for Public Integrity is a nonprofit organization dedicated to producing original responsible investigative journalism on issues of public concern Superfund is the common name for the United States environmental policy officially known as the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act Toxic waste is waste material often in chemical form that can cause death or injury to living creatures ^[19] In 2006, the UCLA Center for Environmental Risk Reduction released a study showing that Boeing's Santa Susana Field Laboratory in Ventura, California had been contaminated with toxic and radioactive waste. The University of California Los Angeles (generally known as UCLA) is a public research university located in Westwood Los Angeles, California, United The Santa Susana Field Laboratory (SSFL is a once prolific Rocket and Nuclear reactor test facility located north of downtown Los Angeles California California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Radioactive wastes are Waste types containing radioactive Chemical elements that do not have a practical purpose The study found that air, soil, groundwater, and surface water at the site all contained radionuclides, toxic metals, and dioxins; air and water additionally contained perchlorate, TCE, and hydrazines, while water showed the presence of PCBs as well. Temperature and layers The temperature of the Earth's atmosphere varies with altitude the mathematical relationship between temperature and altitude varies among five Soil, often typeset as SOiL, is a four piece rock band from Chicago Illinois United States founded by Shaun Glass Tom Schofield Tim King and Adam Zadel Groundwater is Water located beneath the Ground surface in Soil pore spaces and in the Fractures of lithologic formations A radionuclide is an Atom with an unstable nucleus, which is a nucleus characterized by excess energy which is available to be imparted either to a newly-created Not to be confused with Dioxane or Digoxin. Dioxin is a heterocyclic, organic, antiaromatic compound Perchlorates are the salts derived from Perchloric acid ( H[[chlorine Cl]] O4) The Chemical compound trichloroethylene is a chlorinated Hydrocarbon commonly used as an industrial Solvent. Hydrazine is a Chemical compound with the formula N2H4 It has an Ammonia -like odor and is derived from the same industrial chemistry Polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCB s are a class of Organic compounds with 1 to 10 Chlorine atoms attached to Biphenyl which is a molecule composed ^[20]

Jet biofuels

Main articles: Global warming, Biofuel, and Algae fuel

The airline industry is responsible for about 11 percent of greenhouse gases emitted by the U. Global warming is the increase in the average measured temperature of the See also Algology Algae fuel, also called algal fuel, oilgae, algaeoleum or third generation biofuel, is a Biofuel Greenhouse gases are gaseous constituents of the atmosphere bothnatural and anthropogenic that absorb and emit radiation at specific wavelengths within the spectrum of thermal infrared S. transportation sector. Boeing estimates that biofuels could reduce flight-related greenhouse-gas emissions by 60 to 80 percent. The solution would be blending algae fuels with existing jet fuel. ^[21]

Boeing executives said the company is informally collaborating with leading Brazilian biofuels maker Tecbio, Aquaflow Bionomic of New Zealand and other fuel developers around the world. Jet fuel is a type of Aviation fuel designed for use in Aircraft powered by gas-turbine engines. See also Algology Algae fuel, also called algal fuel, oilgae, algaeoleum or third generation biofuel, is a Biofuel So far, Boeing has tested six fuels from these companies, and will probably have gone through 20 fuels "by the time we're done evaluating them. "^[21]

Political Contributions

Boeing lobby expenditures in 2007 thus far total $4. 14 million. ^[22] In 2006, total of $9. 12 million was spent.

Divisions

The two largest divisions are Boeing Commercial Airplanes and the Integrated Defense Systems. Integrated Defense Systems is Boeing's space and defense division.

Boeing Capital
Boeing Commercial Airplanes
Boeing Integrated Defense Systems
Boeing Shared Services Group
- Boeing Realty
- Boeing Travel Management Company
Engineering, Operations & Technology
- Phantom Works
- Intellectual Property Management
- Information Technology

Source: Boeing in Brief

Employment Numbers

Employment By Location

Employment By Location
Alabama	3,053
Arizona	4,519
California	27,820
Kansas	2,815
Missouri	15,629
Pennsylvania	5,105
Texas	5,178
Washington	74,026
Other Locations	22,593
Total Company	160,738

As of 1/31/2008 from Boeing Employment Numbers page

Employment by Group (Division)

Employment By Group (Division)
Integrated Defense Systems	71,177
Commercial Airplanes	64,848
Engineering, Operations & Technology	12,255
Finance & Shared Services	10,289
Human Resources & Administration	954
Corporate	1,215
Total Company	160,738