Paulaner Salvator, a doppelbock

Bock is a strong lager which has origins in the Hanseatic town Einbeck, Germany. Lager (storage camp bearing etc is the more popular of two main types of Beer; the other being Ale. Einbeck is a town in the district Northeim, in southern Lower Saxony, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The name is a corruption of the medieval German brewing town of Einbeck, but also means goat (buck) in German. Corruption or bastardisation is a way of referring to certain changes in a Language. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Einbeck is a town in the district Northeim, in southern Lower Saxony, Germany. The original Bocks were dark beers, brewed from high-coloured malts. Malting is a process applied to Cereal grains in which the grains are made to Germinate by soaking in water and are then quickly halted from germinating further Modern Bocks can be dark, amber or pale in colour. Bock was traditionally brewed for special occasions, often religious festivals such as Christmas, Easter or Lent. Easter ( Greek: Πάσχα Pascha or Pasxa) is the most important religious feast in the Christian Liturgical year. Lent, in some Christian denominations, is the forty-day-long liturgical season of fasting and prayer before Easter.

Bocks have a long history of being brewed and consumed by Roman Catholic monks in Germany. During the Spring religious season of Lent, monks were required to fast. Lent, in some Christian denominations, is the forty-day-long liturgical season of fasting and prayer before Easter. High-gravity Bock beers are higher in food energy and nutrients than lighter lagers, thus providing sustenance during this period ^[1] . Food energy is the amount of Energy in food that is available through Digestion. Similar high-gravity Lenten beers of various styles were brewed by Monks in other lands as well (see Trappist beer). A Trappist beer is a Beer brewed by or under control of Trappist monks It was rumored that Martin Luther drank this beer during the Diet of Worms^[2]. Martin Luther (November 10 1483 February 18 1546 was a German Monk, theologian, university professor Father of Protestantism, and church reformer The Diet of Worms (Reichstag zu Worms was a general assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Emperor that took place in Worms, a small town

Many commercial breweries include images of goats on bottle labels. It may tangentially refer to the increased "kick" of the style, as well.

Variants

Traditional bock

Bock beer originated in the Northern German city of Einbeck in the 14th to 17th century, and was recreated in Munich in the 17th century. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Einbeck is a town in the district Northeim, in southern Lower Saxony, Germany. Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. Alcohol content ranges from 6. 3% to 7. 2% by volume. It has a complex malty flavor dominated by the richness of Munich and Vienna malts, which contribute toasty flavors. Malting is a process applied to Cereal grains in which the grains are made to Germinate by soaking in water and are then quickly halted from germinating further Mash ingredients or grain bill are those materials used in Brewing from which a Wort can be obtained for fermenting into alcohol It has a low hop bitterness, usually enough to not overwhelm the malt flavors, allowing a slight sweetness to linger into the finish. Hops are the female Flower cones of the hop plant ( Humulus lupulus) It is light copper to brown in color with reddish highlights, with good clarity despite the dark color. It has a large, creamy, persistent off-white head, and moderate to moderately low carbonation. The Foam on top of Beer is called a head. It is caused by bubbles of Carbon dioxide rising to the surface Examples include Einbecker Ur-Bock Dunkel, Lakefront Bock, Aass Bock, Great Lakes Rockefeller Bock, Huber Bock, and Berghoff Bock. Aass Brewery (Aass Bryggeri is Norway 's oldest Brewery. Founded in 1834 in Drammen, Norway, the brewery's primary products are Beer

Maibock, or Helles bock

The maibock style is a pale version of a traditional bock. It is a fairly recent development compared to other styles of bock beers, frequently associated with springtime and the month of May. Alcohol content ranges from 6. 3% to 7. 4% by volume. The flavor is typically less malty than a traditional bock, and may be drier, hoppier, and more bitter, but still with a relatively low hop flavor, with a mild spicy or peppery quality from the hops or alcohol content. It is a clear lager, deep gold to light amber in color, with a large, creamy, persistent white head, and moderate to moderately high carbonation. The Foam on top of Beer is called a head. It is caused by bubbles of Carbon dioxide rising to the surface There is some dispute as to whether the Helles ("pale") bock and the Mai ("May") bocks are the same style, but they are generally agreed to be the same. Examples include Hubertus Bock, Einbecker Mai-Urbock, Augustiner Hellerbock, Hofbräu Maibock, Gordon Biersch Blonde Bock and Abita Mardi Gras Bock. Augustiner Bräu is a Brewery located in Munich, Germany Established in 1328 it is Munich's oldest brewery and produces some of Munich's most popular brands of The Staatliches Hofbräuhaus in München (literally state court-brewery in Munich, also Hofbräu München) is a Brewery in Munich, Bavaria Gordon Biersch Brewery is an American Brewery founded by Dan Gordon and Dean Biersch The Abita Brewing Company is a Craft brewery located in Abita Springs Louisiana, 30 miles north of New Orleans

Doppelbock

Ayinger Celebrator Doppelbock.

Doppelbock or double bock is a Bavarian specialty beer that was first brewed by the monks of St. Francis of Paula. Bavaria ( German:, with an area of 70553 Km² (27241 square miles and almost 12 Minims (also called the Minimi or The Order of the Minims) are followers of a Roman Catholic Religious order founded by Francis of Paola Alcohol content ranges from 6% to over 10% by volume. Historic versions had lower alcohol content and higher sweetness, and was considered "liquid bread" by the monks. Most versions are dark colored, but pale versions do exist. The color ranges from deep gold to dark brown in color, with a large, creamy, persistent head ranging from white for pale versions to off-white for darker versions, although doppelbocks with higher alcohol content may not display good head retention. The Foam on top of Beer is called a head. It is caused by bubbles of Carbon dioxide rising to the surface It has a very strong malty aroma, with some toasty aromas. Some alcohol aroma may be present, and darker versions may have a chocolate-like or fruity aroma. The flavor is very rich and malty, with toasty flavors and noticeable alcoholic strength. Most versions are fairly sweet, due to little or no hop flavor. Paler versions may have a drier finish. Examples include Spaten Optimator, Tucher Bajuvator, Troeg's Troegenator, Augustiner Maximator, Weihenstephan Korbinian, Weltenburger Kloster Asam-Bock, EKU 28°, Eggenberg Urbock 23, Samichlaus, Abita Andygator, and Birra Moretti La Rossa. Augustiner Bräu is a Brewery located in Munich, Germany Established in 1328 it is Munich's oldest brewery and produces some of Munich's most popular brands of Weihenstephan is a small city near Freising (48500 inhabitants north of Munich, Upper Bavaria Weltenburg Abbey ( Kloster Weltenburg) is a Benedictine monastery in Weltenburg in Kelheim on the Danube in Bavaria, Schloss Eggenberg is an Austrian Brewery located in Vorchdorf, Upper Austria. Schloss Eggenberg is an Austrian Brewery located in Vorchdorf, Upper Austria. The Abita Brewing Company is a Craft brewery located in Abita Springs Louisiana, 30 miles north of New Orleans See also Heineken International Heineken International is a group which owns a worldwide portfolio of over 170 beer brands mainly Pale lager, though some other The Minim monks who originally brewed Doppelbock named their beer "Salvator", which today is trademarked by Paulaner. Paulaner is a German Brewery, established in the early 1600s in Munich by the Minim Friars of the Neudeck ob der Au In homage to the original, it is traditional for breweries to give their Doppelbocks names that end in "-ator". [1]

Eisbock

Eisbock is a traditional Kulmbach specialty beer that is made by freeze distilling a doppelbock and removing the ice to concentrate the flavor and alcohol content. Kulmbach is a district in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise the districts of Kronach, Hof, Bayreuth Fractional freezing is a process used in Process engineering and Chemistry to separate two liquids with different melting points Alcohol content ranges from 9% to over 14% by volume. It is deep copper to dark brown in color, often with ruby highlights. Head retention is frequently impaired by the higher alcohol content. The Foam on top of Beer is called a head. It is caused by bubbles of Carbon dioxide rising to the surface It has a rich, sweet malty flavor, balanced by a significant alcohol presence. It has a clean, lager character with no hop flavor. Examples include Schneider Aventinus Eisbock, Kulmbacher Reichelbrau Eisbock, Eggenberg Urbock Dunkel Eisbock, Niagara Eisbock, and Southampton Eisbock. Schloss Eggenberg is an Austrian Brewery located in Vorchdorf, Upper Austria.

International Variations

Austria

In Austria, Bockbier is traditionally brewed only around Christmas and Easter, when nearly every brewery brews its own bock.

Italy

The Italian Birra Moretti Doppio Malto (also known as Moretti La Rossa) is very similar to the Bock style, and some consider it intermediate between a light Maibock and a dark bock. See also Heineken International Heineken International is a group which owns a worldwide portfolio of over 170 beer brands mainly Pale lager, though some other

North American

American brewing authority Charlie Papazian claims to have once done a beer tasting where a malt liquor was slipped into a tasting of Maibocks and placed rather highly, indicating possible affinities between the two styles. Charles N "Charlie" Papazian is a former nuclear engineer of Armenian descent who founded the Association of Brewers and wrote The Complete Joy Malt liquor is a North American term referring to a type of Beer with high alcohol content

Shiner Bock is the flagship beer of Spoetzl Brewery in Shiner, Texas. Known as the "Little brewery in Shiner" the Spoetzl Brewery is an American brewery located in Shiner, Texas that is wholly owned by the Shiner is a city in Lavaca County, Texas, United States. The town was named after Henry B They formerly held an annual Bocktoberfest in Shiner Texas to celebrate the German history of Bock beers.

The city of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA has hosted a Bockfest celebration since 1993 celebrating its German-style brewing history and the coming of Spring.

Norway

Bocks are also brewed in Norway, where they are known as "bokkøl" (bockbeers) and available during the whole year. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Notable examples of bock brands are Aass, Borg, Frydenlund and Mack. Aass Brewery (Aass Bryggeri is Norway 's oldest Brewery. Founded in 1834 in Drammen, Norway, the brewery's primary products are Beer

Dutch

A variation of bock called 'bokbier' is also brewed extensively in the Netherlands and occasionally in Belgium. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Most larger Dutch breweries, such as Heineken International, Grolsch, Amstel, Brand and Dommelsch, market at least one variety. Heineken International is a Dutch Brewing company, founded in 1864 by Gerard Adriaan Heineken in Amsterdam. Koninklijke Grolsch NV, known simply as Grolsch, is a Dutch Brewery founded in 1615 by Willem Neerfeldt in Groenlo. The Amstel is a river in the Netherlands which runs through the city of Amsterdam. A brand is a collection of Images and ideas representing an economic producer more specifically it refers to the descriptive verbal attributes and concrete symbols such as a Dommelsche Bierbrouwerij is a brewery in Dommelen (near Valkenswaard) The Netherlands which was founded in 1744 Most bokbiers tend to be seasonal beers (traditionally autumn, although there are currently also spring, summer and winter boks). They are among the only few specialty beers that existed besides lager for a long time. Microbreweries may prefer to seasonally brew a bokbier, such as the eco-beer biobok, made in autumn by Brouwerij 't IJ in Amsterdam. Brouwerij 't IJ ( English: "Brewery the IJ" is a small Brewery in Amsterdam, Netherlands owned by Kaspar Peterson. The city of Amsterdam also hosts a well known festival in honour of bokbier in its former stock exchange organised by P. Amsterdam (pronounced) is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland in the west I. N. T ^[3]. Belgium-based InBev produces Artois Bock^[4], which is exported internationally and can be found in areas where bock is not traditionally available. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those For the proposed merged company see Proposed merger of Anheuser-Busch and InBev.

Notes

1. ^ WorldClassBeverages.com
2. ^ The Beers of Martin Luther
3. ^ European Beer Guide on the Bokbierfest
4. ^ Real Beer' on Artois Bock

External links

• GermanBeerGuide
• Description of German Lenten Beer History
• Official Website of Cincinnati, OH Bockfest