The Hon.  Robert Keith Rae  PC, OC, O.Ont, QC, MP
Bob Rae speaking to the press on Day 1 of the Liberal Leadership Convention in Montreal
Member of Parliament for Toronto Centre
Incumbent
Assumed office  March 31, 2008
Preceded by	Bill Graham
Member of Parliament for Broadview
In office October 16, 1978 – 1979
Preceded by	John Gilbert
Succeeded by	District abolished
Member of Parliament for Broadview—Greenwood
In office 1979 – May 2, 1982
Preceded by	New District
Succeeded by	Lynn McDonald
MPP for York South
In office November 4, 1982 – May 23, 1996
Preceded by	Donald C. MacDonald
Succeeded by	Gerard Kennedy
21st Premier of Ontario
In office October 1, 1990 – June 26, 1995
Preceded by	David Peterson
Succeeded by	Mike Harris
5th Leader of the Ontario NDP
In office February 7, 1982 – June 22, 1996
Preceded by	Michael Cassidy
Succeeded by	Howard Hampton
Born	August 2 1948 ( 1948-08-02) (age 59) Ottawa, Ontario
Political party	Liberal Party of Canada
Other political affiliations	New Democratic Party (1974-1996) Ontario New Democratic Party (1982-1996)
Spouse	Arlene Perly Rae
Residence	Toronto, Ontario
Religion	Anglican

Robert Keith "Bob" Rae, PC, OC, OOnt, QC, MP (born August 2, 1948) is a Canadian politician. The prefix The Honourable or The Honorable (abbreviated to " The Hon The Queen's Privy Council for Canada (QPC (Conseil privé de la Reine pour le Canada (CPR sometimes called Her Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or the Privy Council The Order of Canada is the highest civilian honour within the Canadian system of honours, with membership awarded to those who exemplify the order's Latin This article is about the Canadian order Oont is Urdu for " Camel " and was adopted as an Anglo-Indian term for the animal during British Queen's Counsel ( postnominal QC) &ndash known as King's Counsel ( KC) during the reign of a male sovereign  &ndash are The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and The 39th Canadian Parliament was in session from April 3 2006 until September 7 2008 Toronto Centre, Rosedale and Toronto Centre–Rosedale make up a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common William Carvel "Bill" Graham PC QC (born March 17, 1939, in Montreal Quebec) is a former Canadian politician Broadview was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1935 to 1979 Events 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) The Canadian federal election of 1979 was held on May 22, 1979 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the 31st Parliament John Gilbert ( September 12, 1921 &ndash August 7, 2006) was a Canadian lawyer politician and jurist Toronto—Danforth (formerly Broadview—Greenwood) is a federal and provincial electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada The Canadian federal election of 1979 was held on May 22, 1979 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the 31st Parliament Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Lynn McDonald, PhD (born July 15 1940) is a university professor anti-tobacco activist and former member of the Canadian House of Commons. A Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP is an elected member of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario, Canada. York South was an electoral district (or "riding" in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1904 Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Donald Cameron MacDonald CM, OOnt, ( December 7, 1913 &ndash March 8 2008) was a long time Canadian This article is about the politician For the actor see Gerard Kennedy (actor. The Premier of Ontario is the first Minister of the Crown for the Canadian province of Ontario. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 David Robert Peterson, PC (born December 28, 1943 in Toronto, Ontario) was the twentieth Premier of the Province Michael Deane Harris (born January 23, 1945, in Toronto Ontario) was the twenty-second Premier of Ontario from June 26, The Ontario New Democratic Party, formally known as New Democratic Party of Ontario, is a Social democratic political party in Ontario, Canada Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Michael Morris Cassidy (born May 10, 1937) is a Canadian politician Howard George Hampton, MPP (born May 17, 1952) is the leader of the Ontario New Democratic Party (NDP Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Ottawa (ˈɒtəwə or sometimes /ˈɒtəwɑː/ is the Capital of Canada and the country's fourth largest municipality. The Liberal Party of Canada ( Parti libéral du Canada) colloquially known as the Grits (originally " Clear Grits " is a major Canadian political Principles policies and electoral achievement The NDP grew from populist, agrarian and democratic socialist roots The Ontario New Democratic Party, formally known as New Democratic Party of Ontario, is a Social democratic political party in Ontario, Canada Arlene Perly Rae (born 1949 is a Canadian journalist author and arts patron Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs The Queen's Privy Council for Canada (QPC (Conseil privé de la Reine pour le Canada (CPR sometimes called Her Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or the Privy Council The Order of Canada is the highest civilian honour within the Canadian system of honours, with membership awarded to those who exemplify the order's Latin This article is about the Canadian order Oont is Urdu for " Camel " and was adopted as an Anglo-Indian term for the animal during British Queen's Counsel ( postnominal QC) &ndash known as King's Counsel ( KC) during the reign of a male sovereign  &ndash are The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page He is the Member of Parliament for Toronto Centre and sits in the Canadian House of Commons as the Liberal opposition's foreign affairs critic. Toronto Centre, Rosedale and Toronto Centre–Rosedale make up a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and The Liberal Party of Canada ( Parti libéral du Canada) colloquially known as the Grits (originally " Clear Grits " is a major Canadian political The Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet of the 39th Canadian parliament is listed below

A former member of the New Democratic Party (NDP), he was an NDP Member of Parliament from 1978 to 1982 when he became the leader of the Ontario New Democratic Party. Principles policies and electoral achievement The NDP grew from populist, agrarian and democratic socialist roots A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) The Ontario New Democratic Party, formally known as New Democratic Party of Ontario, is a Social democratic political party in Ontario, Canada He was the provincial party's leader from February 7, 1982 to June 22, 1996, and the 21st Premier of Ontario from October 1, 1990 to June 26, 1995. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) The Premier of Ontario is the first Minister of the Crown for the Canadian province of Ontario. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 He is the only NDP member to serve as premier of a province east of Manitoba. Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116  sq mi of North America

In 2006, he was a candidate for the leadership of the Liberal Party of Canada, finishing in third place on the third ballot. The Liberal Party of Canada leadership convention of 2006 was prompted by Paul Martin 's announcement that he would not lead the Liberal Party of Canada into another He is currently involved in crafting the Liberal election platform for the 40th Canadian federal election. A party platform, also known as a Manifesto, is a list of the principles which a Political party supports in order to appeal to the general public for the purpose

Rae returned to the Canadian House of Commons on March 31, 2008, as a Liberal MP after winning a March 17, 2008 by-election holding the riding that had previously been held by Liberal Bill Graham. The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Four federal by-elections were held in Canada on March 17, 2008 to fill vacancies in the Canadian House of Commons. William Carvel "Bill" Graham PC QC (born March 17, 1939, in Montreal Quebec) is a former Canadian politician

Contents 1 Family 2 Early career 3 Federal politics 4 Ontario NDP leader 4.1 First session 4.2 1985 election and the Liberal-NDP Accord 4.3 Leader of the Opposition 4.4 Election victory 5 Premier 5.1 Rae's Government policies 5.1.1 Economic policy 5.1.2 Labour policy 5.1.3 Health policy 5.1.4 Auto insurance 5.1.5 Social policy 5.1.6 Aboriginal issues 5.1.7 Energy policy 5.1.8 Intergovernmental affairs 5.1.9 Law enforcement 5.1.10 Sunday shopping 5.1.11 Education - A Royal Commission 5.2 1995 election 6 Out of politics, out of the NDP 7 Return as a Liberal 8 References 9 External links 10 Electoral record

Family

Rae was born in Ottawa. Ottawa (ˈɒtəwə or sometimes /ˈɒtəwɑː/ is the Capital of Canada and the country's fourth largest municipality. His father, Saul, was an eminent Canadian career diplomat of Jewish and Scottish descent (raised as an Anglican)^[1] who had postings in Washington, Geneva, New York, Mexico and The Hague. Saul Forbes Rae ( December 31 1914 &ndash January 9 1999) was a Canadian diplomat during the Pearsonian era of Canadian PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. ^[2]

Rae's brother, John, is a Vice-President of Power Corporation and a prominent member of the Liberal Party. John A Rae is an executive with Power Corporation of Montreal, former Liberal Party of Canada fundraiser long-time advisor to former Prime Minister Power Corporation of Canada ( is a major Canadian company with assets in North America and Europe in a number of industries He was also an adviser to Jean Chrétien from 1963 until Chrétien retired in 2003. Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien, (generally known as Jean Chrétien) (born January 11, 1934) is a Canadian politician who was the twentieth Prime ^[3] Rae's younger brother, David, was diagnosed with lymphatic cancer in 1987. Lymphoma a type of Neoplasm that originates in Lymphocytes (a type of White blood cell in the vertebrate Immune system) Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) Despite a bone marrow transplant from his brother, he died of leukemia in 1989 at age 32. Leukemia or leukaemia (Greek leukos λευκός, "white" aima αίμα, "blood" is a Cancer of the Blood Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) ^[4]

Rae's sister, Jennifer, worked for many years for the IMAX Corporation but has now retired. IMAX (short for Image MAXimum is a Film format created by Canada 's IMAX Corporation that has the capacity to display images of far greater size and She dated Pierre Trudeau for a time in the late 1960s.

Upon his marriage to Arlene, Bob Rae agreed to raise his children in his wife's Jewish faith, though he himself is an Anglican. ^[1]

Early career

Rae attended Crichton Street Public School in Ottawa, Horace Mann Public School and Gordon Junior High School in Washington, and the International School of Geneva. Crichton Street Public School was an elementary school in the New Edinburgh neighbourhood of Ottawa, Canada. The International School of Geneva (in French: Ecole Internationale de Genève) also known as Ecolint, is a private international school based in Geneva His first job was a paper route delivering the Washington Star tabloid, which he later described as "one of the worst newspapers in the history of modern journalism". The Washington Star, previously known as the Washington Star-News and the Washington Evening Star, was His customers included Richard Nixon and Estes Kefauver. Carey Estes Kefauver ( July 26, 1903 – August 10, 1963) was an American Politician from Tennessee who Rae noted that, during one Christmas, Kefauver gave him a $20 tip, whereas Pat Nixon only gave him a quarter -- and made him more sympathetic to Democrats from that moment. Thelma Catherine " Pat " Ryan Nixon (March 16 1912 &ndash June 22 1993 was the wife of Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. ^[5]

He graduated with honours from the University of Toronto, where he also later received his law degree. This article is about the University of Toronto's St George Campus Michael Ignatieff, who later became Rae's rival for the Liberal Party leadership, was his roommate for a time. Michael Grant Ignatieff, MP (/ɪgˈnatʃəf/ (born May 12, 1947 in Toronto) is a Public intellectual, Historian, ^[6] He first became involved in politics by volunteering on Trudeau's 1968 Liberal leadership campaign, and later worked on Liberal Charles Caccia's campaign in the 1968 federal election. The Liberal Party of Canada leadership convention of 1968 elected Pierre Elliott Trudeau as the new leader of the Liberal Party. Charles L Caccia PC ( April 28, 1930 &ndash May 3, 2008) was a Canadian politician The Canadian federal election of 1968 was held on June 25, 1968, to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the 28th Parliament ^[7] Rae and Caccia have remained personal friends through their political careers. During his final year as an undergraduate, Rae was a student representative on the Bissell Commission on University Government. ^[8]

As a result of his strong student record, Rae was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship to Oxford University, where he studied at Balliol College, Oxford under Isaiah Berlin. Rhodes Scholarship Rhodes scholar redirects here Rhodes Scholar redirects here Rhodes scholars The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the Balliol College (ˈbeɪlɪəl founded in 1263 is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. Sir Isaiah Berlin, OM (6 June 1909 &ndash 5 November 1997 was a philosopher and historian of ideas regarded as one of the leading liberal thinkers of the twentieth century ^[9] His Bachelor's thesis criticized the cultural imperialism of early Fabian socialists in the United Kingdom, such as Sidney and Beatrice Webb. Cultural imperialism is the practice of promoting distinguishing separating or artificially injecting the Culture or language of one nation into another The Fabian Society is a British Intellectual Socialist movement whose purpose is to advance the principles of Social democracy via Gradualist The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Sidney James Webb 1st Baron Passfield PC ( 13 July, 1859 &ndash 13 October, 1947) was a British socialist economist and reformer This article is about the socialist politician For the children's author see Beatrix Potter. During his period in Britain he became involved with social work, helping squatters find rental accommodation in London. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. He attributes the experience with helping him develop a deepened commitment to social justice and, on his return to Canada in 1974 Rae joined the social democratic NDP. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Social democracy is a Political ideology of the left and centre-left ^[10] He worked in labour law during the mid-1970s. Labour law (also known as employment or labor law is the body of Laws administrative rulings and precedents which address the legal rights of and restrictions ^[11]

Federal politics

Rae was elected to the Canadian House of Commons in a 1978 by-election, defeating Progressive Conservative Tom Clifford by 420 votes in the Toronto riding of Broadview. The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) A by-election or bye-election (called special election in the United States) is an Election held to fill a political office that has become vacant The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada ( PC) ( Parti progressiste-conservateur du Canada) ( 1867 – 2003) was a Canadian Tom Clifford is a former municipal politician in the City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario An electoral district (also known as a Constituency or a riding in the Canadian English political Jargon) is a geographically-based Broadview was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1935 to 1979 ^[12] He was re-elected in the new riding of Broadview—Greenwood in the 1979 federal election, and gained national prominence as the NDP's finance critic. Toronto—Danforth (formerly Broadview—Greenwood) is a federal and provincial electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada The Canadian federal election of 1979 was held on May 22, 1979 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the 31st Parliament In December 1979, Rae attached a rider to a budget bill proposed by the government of Joe Clark, declaring that "this House has lost confidence in the government. In legislative practice a rider is an additional provision annexed to a bill under the consideration of a Legislature, having little connection with the subject matter Charles Joseph "Joe" Clark PC CC AOE (born June 5 1939 is a Canadian Journalist, Politician, Statesman A motion of no confidence (also vote of no confidence, censure motion, no-confidence motion, or confidence motion) is a Parliamentary motion " It was this motion's passage that toppled Clark's government after only eight months.

Rae was elected to parliament for a third time in the 1980 federal election, and married Arlene Perly days later. The Canadian federal election of 1980 was held on February 18, 1980 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the 32nd Parliament ^[13] In caucus, he sided with party leader Ed Broadbent in supporting patriation of the Canadian Constitution with a Charter of Rights and Freedoms. John Edward "Ed" Broadbent PC, CC (born March 21, 1936 in Oshawa, Ontario) is a Canadian Social The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law in Canada; the country's Constitution is an amalgamation of codified acts and uncodified traditions The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (also known as The Charter of Rights and Freedoms or simply the Charter) is a Bill of rights entrenched in the ^[14] He also articulated his party's policy on the Canadian Bank Act, and criticized the Bank of Canada's high interest rate policy. For the defunct commercial bank see Bank of Canada (commercial. ^[15]

During the same period, the Ontario New Democratic Party was suffering from internal disunity under the leadership of Michael Cassidy. The Ontario New Democratic Party, formally known as New Democratic Party of Ontario, is a Social democratic political party in Ontario, Canada Michael Morris Cassidy (born May 10, 1937) is a Canadian politician Cassidy resigned as leader after a poor performance in the 1981 provincial election, and a movement began to draft Rae as his replacement. The Ontario general election of 1981 was held on March 19, 1981, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario ^[16] Rae initially declined a request from a provincial delegation led by Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) Dave Cooke, but reconsidered after further entreatments from former Ontario NDP leader Stephen Lewis and many others. A Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP is an elected member of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario, Canada. Dave Cooke (born August 1, 1952 in Windsor, Ontario) is a former Politician in Ontario Canada. This article is about the Canadian politician and broadcaster Eleven of the party's 21 MPPs endorsed his candidacy, as did much of the labour movement. ^[17] He was the most centrist candidate in the contest, and easily defeated Richard Johnston and Jim Foulds at a leadership convention in early 1982. For the American writer and educator see Richard Malcolm Johnston; for the baseball player see Dick Johnston; for the judge see Richard Johnston (judge James Francis Foulds (born April 10, 1937) is a politician in Ontario, Canada. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar)

When Rae won the NDP leadership, the Ontario Progressive Conservative Party had governed Ontario since 1943 and was widely regarded as unbeatable. The Ontario PC Party, formally known as the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario (in french Parti progressiste-conservateur de l'Ontario) is a Right-of-centre Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Rae was strongly critical of the governing party's approach to social issues, and used his acceptance speech to describe the PC Party's Ontario as "Toryland", "essentially a country club in which women and people of colour were not welcome". His comments were criticized by some in the media, though Rae himself would later write that his words seemed "particularly apt" in retrospect and "certainly aroused an angry response which often means a target has been hit". ^[18]

Ontario NDP leader

First session

After Rae won the party leadership, there was a delay of several months before he was able to contest a by-election to enter the Ontario legislature. A by-election or bye-election (called special election in the United States) is an Election held to fill a political office that has become vacant See also Politics of Ontario The Legislative Assembly of Ontario (also known as Ontario Legislative Assembly or OntLA) is the Legislature Members of Provincial Parliament (MPPs) Jim Renwick, Marion Bryden and Tony Grande all declined to relinquish their seats, before former party leader Donald C. MacDonald agreed to stand down in the York South constituency. A Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP is an elected member of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario, Canada. James Alexander Renwick ( November 29, 1917 — November 28, 1984) was a Canadian politician Marion Helen Bryden (born April 2, 1918 in Winnipeg, Manitoba) is a former Politician in Ontario, Canada Anthony William (Tony Grande ( January 11, 1943 — August 9, 2006) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. Donald Cameron MacDonald CM, OOnt, ( December 7, 1913 &ndash March 8 2008) was a long time Canadian York South was an electoral district (or "riding" in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1904 ^[19] Rae defeated Liberal candidate John Nunziata, a York councillor, in a by-election on November 4, 1982. The Ontario Liberal Party is a Centrist provincial political party in the province of Ontario, Canada. John Nunziata (born January 4, 1955) is a Canadian politician York is a community in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Formerly a separate city it was one of six municipalities Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Counting the leadership contest, this was his fifth election in just over four years.

The opposition Liberals were led by the inexperienced David Peterson. David Robert Peterson, PC (born December 28, 1943 in Toronto, Ontario) was the twentieth Premier of the Province Many senior NDP strategists believed their party could surpass the Liberals for second place, and Rae and Peterson became frequent rivals for media attention and public support between 1982 and 1985. ^[20] The NDP took two seats from the Liberals in late 1984 by-elections, and polling by Decima Research from this period put them slightly ahead of the Liberals, although still well behind the PCs. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Decima Research is a public opinion and market research company in Canada, founded in 1979 by Progressive Conservative Party of Canada strategist

1985 election and the Liberal-NDP Accord

The NDP did not, however, make the anticipated gains in the 1985 provincial election. The Ontario general election of 1985 was held on May 2, 1985, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario, They won 25 seats out of 125, only a modest improvement from their 1981 showing. The Progressive Conservatives lost support after choosing right-wing candidate Frank Miller as their new leader, but it was the Liberals rather than the NDP who were able to reposition themselves in the political centre and reap the benefits of this change. Frank Stuart Miller, OOnt ( May 14, 1927 &ndash July 21, 2000) was a Canadian politician who served as

Rae nonetheless played a pivotal role in bringing the Progressive Conservative Party's 42-year dynasty to an end. The 1985 election resulted in a minority parliament, in which the Tories held four more seats than David Peterson's Liberals, but were eleven seats short of a majority. After a series of negotiations, begun by a phone call from Rae to Peterson shortly after election day, Rae and Peterson signed a "Liberal-NDP Accord" in which the NDP agreed to support a Liberal government in office for two years. The Liberals, in turn, agreed to implement some policies favoured by the NDP. Rae had personally supported a full coalition, but did not strongly argue this case with other members of his party. Peterson later indicated that he would not have accepted a coalition in any event. ^[21][22]

The Progressive Conservatives were defeated in a no-confidence motion on June 18, 1985, and Lieutenant-Governor John Black Aird asked Peterson to form a new government. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries The Lieutenant Governor of Ontario is the vice-regal representative of the Queen of Canada in the province of Ontario. John Black Aird, CC, OOnt, QC, ( May 5, 1923 - May 6, 1995) was the 23rd Lieutenant-Governor of Rae himself moved the motion of non-confidence, as he had done in the defeat of Joe Clark's government six years earlier. ^[23] With support from Rae, Peterson's government implemented socially progressive legislation on matters such as pay equity, brought an end to extra-billing by doctors, and established campaign spending limits. ^[24] Rae often criticized Peterson's approach to specific issues, but never moved to bring down the government. ^[25]

Rae advocated pension reform in early 1986, following revelations that some corporate leaders in Ontario had been given permission to withdraw money from their employees' pension funds. He was especially critical of Conrad Black, who then held a controlling interest in Dominion Stores Ltd. Conrad Moffat Black Baron Black of Crossharbour PC, KCSG, OC, (born 25 August 1944, in Montreal, Quebec) is , for withdrawing $62 million at a time when many laid off company workers were unable to receive severance pay. During a legislative debate, Rae described Black as "that most symbolic representative of bloated capitalism at its worst". ^[26] The Liberal government declined to act on the matter. Later in the same year, Rae argued that the Peterson government should reform the Ontario Human Rights Code to include provisions for group defamation and systematic discrimination. ^[27]

Some members of the NDP disapproved of the party's accord with the Liberals. ^[28] Party activist Ian Orenstein challenged Rae for the provincial leadership in 1986 in a symbolic protest against the party's centrist tilt. Ian Julius Orenstein (Born August 3, 1956, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada) is a political activist Rae won without difficulty. ^[29]

Leader of the Opposition

The Peterson government was very popular during its first two years in office, and the Liberal Party won a landslide majority government in the 1987 provincial election, called after the conclusion of the Liberal-NDP accord. The Ontario general election of 1987 was held on September 10, 1987, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario The NDP was reduced to nineteen seats and Rae was nearly defeated in his own riding, defeating high-profile Liberal challenger Alan Tonks by only 333 votes. Alan Tonks (born April 2, 1943 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian politician and was the final Metro Toronto Chairman The Progressive Conservatives suffered an even more serious defeat, falling to only sixteen seats. As a result, Rae became Leader of the Opposition once the legislature resumed. The Leader of the Opposition in Ontario is usually leader of the largest party in the Ontario legislature which is not the government

In September 1989, Rae took part in a highly-publicized protest in support of native land claims in the middle of the Temagami Forest in Northern Ontario. Temagami is a region and a municipality in northeastern Ontario, Canada, in the District of Nipissing with Lake Temagami at its heart Territorial evolution Those areas which formed part of New France in the pays d'en haut, essentially the watersheds of the Ottawa River, Following discussions with Chief Gary Potts, Rae agreed to participate in a road sit-in to protect a strand of old pine, a key aspect of the native claim. After the protest, Rae was escorted to a police wagon by members of the Ontario Provincial Police and driven to the nearby town of Elk Lake. The Ontario Provincial Police ( OPP) is the Provincial Police force for the province of Ontario, Canada. James is a township in the Canadian province of Ontario, located within the Timiskaming District. He was not charged with an offense. ^[30]

There was considerable speculation that Rae would seek the federal NDP leadership in 1989, after the resignation of Ed Broadbent. John Edward "Ed" Broadbent PC, CC (born March 21, 1936 in Oshawa, Ontario) is a Canadian Social High-profile party members such as former Ontario NDP leader Stephen Lewis, Allan Blakeney and Roy Romanow of Saskatchewan, Gary Doer of Manitoba and Alexa McDonough of Nova Scotia all encouraged him to run, as did several representatives of organized labour. Allan Emrys Blakeney, PC, OC, SOM, QC, FRSC (born September 7, 1925) was the Premier of the Roy John Romanow PC OC QC SOM (born August 12, 1939 in Saskatoon Saskatchewan) is a Canadian Saskatchewan (səˈskætʃəwən) is a prairie province in Canada, which has an area of 588276 Gary Albert Doer MLA (born March 31, 1948) is a Politician in Manitoba, Canada. Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116  sq mi of North America Alexa Ann McDonough, née Shaw, MP (born August 11, 1944) is a Canadian politician who led the New Democratic Party of Nova Scotia Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's ^[31] Expecting Rae to resign, Bud Wildman, Ruth Grier and Richard Johnston began preparing campaigns to succeed him as leader of the Ontario NDP. Charles Jackson "Bud" Wildman (born June 3, 1946 in Ottawa, Ontario) is a Canadian politician Ruth Anna Grier (born October 2, 1936 in Dublin, Ireland) is a former Politician in Ontario, Canada. On October 5, 1989, however, Rae announced that he would not return to federal politics and would remain as provincial leader. Events 869 - The Fourth Council of Constantinople is convened to decide about what to do about Patriarch Photius of Constantinople Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) Several of Rae's associates, including Arlene Perly Rae, declared their support for Howard McCurdy, and later moved to Audrey McLaughlin after McCurdy was dropped from the ballot at the leadership convention. Howard Douglas McCurdy is a retired Canadian Politician and university professor Audrey McLaughlin PC, OC (born November 7 1936) was leader of Canada 's New Democratic Party from 1989 to 1995 Rae declined to endorse a candidate. ^[32]

Rae was an international observer for Lithuania's first multi-party elections in early 1990. Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika is a Country in Eastern often referred to as Northern Europe or in the A lifelong opponent of communism, he later wrote that he was impressed by the spirit of the opposition Sajudis party, which won the election. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based Sąjūdis (Reform Movement of Lithuania (Lietuvos Persitvarkymo Sąjūdis is the political organization which led the struggle for Lithuanian independence in the late 1980s ^[33] He was also very critical of the Kremlin's harsh response to the opposition's victory. View01jpg|thumb|right|250px|Remains of the Kolomna Kremlin]] Kremlin (Кремль Kreml) is the Russian word for "fortress" "citadel" or "castle" ^[34]

Election victory

Peterson called a snap election for 1990. A snap election is an election called earlier than scheduled Generally it refers to an election called when no one expects it usually to capitalize on a unique electoral opportunity or The Ontario general election of 1990 was held on September 6, 1990, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the province of Ontario The NDP entered the campaign with low expectations, as the Liberals still held a significant lead in opinion polls and all signs indicated that they would win another majority government. Rae later acknowledged that he did not expect to win the election, and planned to leave electoral politics at some point in the next sitting of the legislature. ^[35] A number of prominent MPPs, including Richard Johnston, Marion Bryden and David Reville, chose not to seek re-election. For the American writer and educator see Richard Malcolm Johnston; for the baseball player see Dick Johnston; for the judge see Richard Johnston (judge Marion Helen Bryden (born April 2, 1918 in Winnipeg, Manitoba) is a former Politician in Ontario, Canada David Reville (born April 19, 1943 in Brantford, Ontario) is a former politician in Ontario, Canada. Floyd Laughren was also planning to retire, but had not finalized his plans when Peterson dropped the writ. Floyd Laughren (born October 3, 1935 in Shawville, Quebec) is a former Politician in Ontario, Canada. Dropping the writ is the informal term for a procedure in some Parliamentary government systems, where the Head of government, that is the prime

Contrary to expectations, the Liberal Party's support base declined significantly in mid-campaign. The snap election was interpreted by many voters as a sign of arrogance, while lingering effects from an earlier scandal involving Liberal fundraiser Patti Starr undermined public confidence in the government. Patricia "Patti" Starr (born 1943 was the chair of Ontario Place from 1987 to 1989 and involved in a scandal that damaged the Liberal government of David Peterson Also, while both Rae and Peterson supported the Meech Lake Accord for constitutional reform (which proved unpopular in Ontario), Peterson's prominent role in drafting the accord proved a particular liability. The Meech Lake Accord was a set of failed amendments to the Constitution of Canada negotiated in 1987 by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and the provincial There were also signs of an economic downturn by this time and some believed that Peterson had called the snap election to avoid its full impact. ^[36] The Progressive Conservatives were led by the inexperienced Mike Harris, who ran a narrow campaign focused on tax issues and was unable to capitalize on the Liberal slide. Michael Deane Harris (born January 23, 1945, in Toronto Ontario) was the twenty-second Premier of Ontario from June 26, As such, Rae's NDP was the primary beneficiary. Rae himself was more confident than in the 1985 and 1987 campaigns, and took a more aggressive stance against the Peterson government. ^[37] A poll taken late in the campaign showed the NDP holding a slight lead over the Liberals. ^[38]

The election results were nonetheless a surprise to political observers across the province, even to longtime NDP supporters. The NDP was elected to a strong majority government with 74 seats. The popular vote was very close, with the NDP outpolling the Liberals 37% to 34%. Several ridings were won by narrow margins. However, the NDP managed to take many seats from the Liberals in the Greater Toronto Area, and also did better than ever before (or in some cases, since) in many other cities and rural areas. The Greater Toronto Area (locally abbreviated as the GTA) is the most populous Metropolitan area in Canada. Due to a quirk in the first-past-the-post system, this decimated the Liberal caucus. The Liberals lost 59 seats, the worst defeat in their history and the second-worst defeat for a governing party in Ontario. The NDP even managed to unseat Peterson in his own riding.

Premier

On October 1, 1990, Rae was sworn in as the first NDP premier of Ontario. He also took the Intergovernmental Affairs portfolio, giving himself a direct voice in future constitutional negotiations. The Ministry of Intergovernmental Affairs is responsible for intergovernmental affairs between the Canadian province of Ontario and the other provinces and territories

He was very popular for his first six months as Premier, with a poll from March 1991 showing the NDP at 52% support. ^[39] The federal NDP also received 56% support in Ontario in a January 1991 poll. ^[40]

The government was unable to sustain its popularity, however, and by late 1992 had fallen to third place in public opinion polls. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) The party's popularity continued to ebb throughout 1993, followed by only a modest recovery in the next two years. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) This, combined with the unpopularity of Michael Harcourt's New Democratic Party government in British Columbia, led to a significant decline in support for the federal NDP. Michael Franklin Harcourt (born Edmonton, January 6, 1943) served as the 30th Premier of the province of British Columbia in The New Democratic Party of British Columbia (NDP is a Political party in British Columbia, Canada that has Democratic socialist roots British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C

There are many reasons for the Rae government's loss of popularity between 1991 and 1993. The NDP had never governed Ontario before, and Ontario was experiencing its worst recession since the Great Depression. A recession is a contraction phase of the Business cycle. The U The government backtracked on several campaign promises, most notably the introduction of public auto insurance, which caused disagreements among the party and supporters, especially left-wingers such as cabinet ministers Howard Hampton and Shelley Martel. Vehicle insurance (also known as auto insurance, car insurance, or motor insurance) is Insurance purchased for cars, Trucks Howard George Hampton, MPP (born May 17, 1952) is the leader of the Ontario New Democratic Party (NDP Shelley Dawn Marie Martel (born April 8, 1963, in Sudbury, Ontario) is a Canadian Politician. A number of scandals in cabinet and caucus also cut into the government's popularity.

In the 1993 federal election, the NDP fell to a historic low of 6% support in Ontario. The Canadian federal election of 1993 (officially the 35th general election) was held on October 25 of that year to elect members to the Canadian House of Commons All 10 New Democrat MPs from Ontario lost their seats to Liberal challengers as the Liberals won all but one seat in the province. Besides many NDP supporters nationwide voting Liberal to ensure that the Conservatives would be defeated (to avoid the vote-splitting in the 1988 election), the Rae government's unpopularity was a major factor in the federal NDP's losses. On the day after the election, defeated MP Steven Langdon called on Rae to resign. Steven W Langdon (born July 15, 1946, Stratford Ontario) is a Canadian academic politician and former parliamentarian Langdon had openly campaigned against Rae's austerity measures. Although he lost by 13,000 votes to the Liberal candidate, he received a higher percentage of votes than any other NDP candidate in the province.

Notwithstanding its setbacks, the Rae government achieved some positive accomplishments during its time in office. It saved many jobs in northern Ontario through its bailout of Algoma Steel, and negotiated a similar contract for workers in Kapuskasing. Kapuskasing (population 8509 in the Canada 2006 Census) is a Town on the Kapuskasing River in the Cochrane District of northern Ontario Other popular initiatives included the TTC Eglinton subway extension in Toronto (even though the official transit plan only recommended a busway for current needs), support for public housing, and the Jobs Ontario job creation program. The Eglinton West subway was a proposed east-west subway line in Toronto, Canada. Rae's decision to approve casino gambling for the province was also opposed by many in the party but it provided a steady source of revenue. A casino is in the modern sense of the word a facility that houses and accommodates certain types of Gambling activities

Rae's Government policies

Economic policy

Ontario's economic forecast was bleak when Rae took office in October 1990. The Liberal government had forecast a small surplus earlier in the year, but a worsening North American economy led to a $700 million deficit before Rae took office. In October, the NDP projected a $2. 5 billion deficit for the fiscal year ending on March 31, 1991. ^[41] Some economists projected soaring deficits for the upcoming years, even if the Rae government implemented austerity measures. ^[42] Rae himself was critical of the federal government's high interest rate policy, arguing that it would lead to increased unemployment throughout the country. ^[43] He also criticized the 1991 federal budget, arguing the Finance Minister Michael Wilson was shifting the federal debt to the provinces. The Minister of Finance (Ministre des Finances is the Minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet who is responsible each year for presenting the federal government's Michael Holcombe Wilson PC OC (born November 4, 1937) is a Canadian diplomat politician and business leader ^[44]

The Rae government's first budget, introduced in 1991, increased social spending to mitigate the economic slowdown and projected a record deficit of $9. 1 billion. Finance Minister Floyd Laughren argued that Ontario made a decision to target the effects of the recession rather than the deficit, and said that the budget would create or protect 70,000 jobs. The Ministry of Finance is a portfolio in the Executive Council of Ontario commonly known as the Cabinet. Floyd Laughren (born October 3, 1935 in Shawville, Quebec) is a former Politician in Ontario, Canada. It targeted more money to social assistance, social housing and child benefits, and raised taxes for high-income earners while lowering rates for 700,000 low-income Ontarians. ^[45]

A few years later, journalist Thomas Walkom described the budget as following a Keynesian orthodoxy, spending money in the public sector to stimulate employment and productivity. In Economics Keynesian economics (ˈkeɪnziən also Keynesianism and Keynesian Theory) is based on the ideas of twentieth-century British economist Unfortunately, it did not achieve its stated purpose due to the unforeseen severity of the recession. Walkom described the budget as "the worst of both worlds", angering the business community but not doing enough to provide for public relief.

Labour policy

In April 1991, the government introduced a one-year program to protect the pay of workers whose firms had shut down due to the recession. Labour Minister Bob Mackenzie estimated that the plan would help 56,000 workers. The Ministry of Labour is responsible for labour issues in the Canadian province of Ontario. Robert Warren Mackenzie (born June 26, 1928 in Orillia, Ontario) is a former Politician in Ontario Canada. ^[46]

The government changed its economic focus after 1991, and implemented budget cutbacks to control the province's mounting deficit. His government also brought in the Social Contract, austerity legislation which reopened collective bargaining agreements with the province's public sector unions. The Social Contract refers to a 1993 initiative of the provincial Ontario New Democratic Party government of Bob Rae to impose Austerity measures on This legislation imposed a wage freeze and introduced what became known as "Rae days", giving civil servants (including teachers, doctors, nurses, etc. The Social Contract refers to a 1993 initiative of the provincial Ontario New Democratic Party government of Bob Rae to impose Austerity measures on ) ten days off without pay per year. These cutbacks led to a falling-out with both the public sector unions, most notably Ontario Public Service Employees Union (OPSEU), and the Canadian Auto Workers (CAW) and its leader Buzz Hargrove. The Ontario Public Service Employees Union (OPSEU is a Trade union that represents about 115000 employees in the broader public service of the Province of Template talkInfobox Union for usage --> The Canadian Auto Workers ( CAW; formally the National Automobile Basil Eldon "Buzz" Hargrove (born March 8, 1944, Bath New Brunswick, Canada) is the former National President of the Canadian Sid Ryan, Ontario President of the Canadian Union of Public Employees, referred to the Social Contract as the worst labour legislation he had ever seen. Patrick Cyril "Sid" Ryan (born 1952 in Dublin, Ireland) is a Canadian Labour union leader The Canadian Union of Public Employees ( CUPE, French: Syndicat Canadien de la fonction publique) is a Canadian Trade union serving

This breach between the NDP and the labour movement struck at the party's foundations. The labour movement or labor movement is a broad term for the development of a collective organization of working people, to campaign in their own interest for better The NDP was founded as an alliance between the old Cooperative Commonwealth Federation and the labour movement, and Rae's policy decisions alienated many traditional NDP voters. The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF (French Fédération du commonwealth coopératif, then Parti social démocratique du Canada) was a Canadian Thousands of members resigned from the party, and several unions turned against the NDP and vowed to defeat the government in the next election. The Rae government later attempted to regain labour support by passing Bill 40, a measure which (among other things) introduced anti-scab provisions to the province. This was not enough to bridge the gap with organized labour, however, and the party was unable to regain significant union support.

Health policy

As Premier, Rae placed a cap on enrollment into medical schools. ^[47]

Auto insurance

The New Democratic Party campaigned on a promise to introduce public auto insurance in the 1987 and 1990 campaigns. Publics auto insurance is a government owned and operated system of Automobile insurance operated in the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, Saskatchewan After assuming office, Rae appointed Peter Kormos, one of the most vocal proponents of public insurance, as the minister responsible for bringing forward the policy. Peter Kormos (born October 7, 1952 in Welland Ontario) is a Politician in Ontario, Canada. ^[48] With the onset of the recession, however, both business and labour groups expressed concern about layoffs and lost revenues. ^[49] The government backtracked from the policy in 1991. Kormos, who had already been dropped from cabinet, became Rae's most vocal critic in the NDP caucus.

Social policy

Rae's government attempted to introduce a variety of socially progressive measures during its time in office, though its success in this field was mixed. In 1994, the government introduced legislation which would have provided for same-sex partnership benefits in the province. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) At the time, this legislation was seen as a revolutionary step forward for same-sex recognition. It was defeated, however, when twelve NDP MPPs (including two junior ministers) voted against it.

The Rae government established an employment equity commission in 1991,^[50] and two years later introduced policy to improve the numbers of women, non-whites, aborginals and disabled persons working in the public sector. This policy was controversial. There is little doubt that the controversy cost the NDP support among its working-class base in some areas.

In November 1990, the Rae government announced that it would restrict most rent increases to 4. 6% for the present year and 5. 4% for 1991. The provisions for 1990 were made retroactive. Tenants' groups supported these changes, while landlord representatives were generally opposed. ^[51] Dave Cooke, the minister responsible for implementing the policy, later announced that he would work to factor in the costs of legitimate building renovations. Dave Cooke (born August 1, 1952 in Windsor, Ontario) is a former Politician in Ontario Canada. ^[52]

When campaigning in 1990, Rae promised that he would eliminate food banks through anti-poverty initiatives. A food bank is a non-profit organization which distributes non-perishable goods and perishable food items to non-profit agencies involved in local emergency food programs After taking office, however, his government committed a significant sum of money to support Ontario's existing food banks. Gerard Kennedy, leader of the Daily Bread Food Bank in Toronto, criticized Rae for not targeting the money toward affordable housing and welfare reforms. This article is about the politician For the actor see Gerard Kennedy (actor. ^[53] In April 1991, Community and Social Services minister Zanana Akande announced that food banks would have to remain open in light of changed economic circumstances. The Ministry of Community and Social Services in the Canadian province of Ontario is responsible for social services such as welfare, and Disability Zanana L Akande (born 1937 in Toronto, Ontario) is a former Canadian politician ^[54] As the recession grew worse, they became an established feature of Ontario life.

Rae increased the basic social assistance allowance by 7% in 1991, and increased the maximum payment for shelter allowances by 10%. ^[55]

Aboriginal issues

Soon after assuming office in 1990, Rae announced his support for native Canadians' "inherent right to self-government". ^[56] He later worked to help six aboriginal bands in Northern Ontario gain reserve status,^[57] and called for self-government on the Akwesasne Indian Reserve, in part to help the reserve leaders combat smuggling. Territorial evolution Those areas which formed part of New France in the pays d'en haut, essentially the watersheds of the Ottawa River, The Mohawk Nation of Akwesasne is a Mohawk Nation territory located across the intersection of the New York - Ontario - Quebec borders ^[58] Rae also pushed for native rights to be included in future constitutional reforms. ^[59]

Energy policy

In November 1990, the Rae government announced an indefinite moratorium on the construction of new nuclear plants in Ontario. ^[60] He consistently opposed plans to privatize Ontario Hydro. Ontario Hydro was the official name from 1974 of the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario which was established in 1906 by the provincial Power Commission ^[61]

Intergovernmental affairs

In March 1991, Rae announced that he would support a new round of constitutional negotiations between the federal government and the provinces, which ultimately proved to be unsuccessful. He indicated that Ontario was willing to recognize Quebec as a distinct society, and called for aboriginal and women's rights to be entrenched in the Canadian Constitution. Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk Rae also supported the creation of a "social charter", to establish national standards for social programs such as medicare. ^[62]

Early in his term, Rae indicated that his government would continue a long-standing development freeze in Toronto's Harbourfront area, to ensure the survival of cultural programs in the area. ^[63]

Rae was initially one of the most prominent opponents of the North American Free Trade Agreement in Canada. During a meeting with Mexican President Carlos Salinas de Gortari in 1991, he argued that any proposed North American free trade zone would have to incorporate common environmental and labour standards. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. The Constitutional Citizen President of the United Mexican States (the official title in Spanish is Ciudadano Presidente Constitucional de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos Carlos Salinas de Gortari ( Mexico City, April 3, 1948) is a Mexican economist and politician affiliated to the Institutional Revolutionary ^[64]

Law enforcement

Rae endorsed Susan Eng's successful bid to chair the Metro Toronto Police Services Board in early 1991. Susan Eng, LLB is a Toronto tax lawyer and former chair of the Metro Toronto Police Services Board from 1991 to 1995 The Toronto Police Services Board is the civilian oversight of the Toronto Police Service. Eng's selection was opposed by some police officers. ^[65] Rae later introduced policies requiring Ontario police services to hire more women, disabled people, native Canadians and members of visible minority groups. ^[66]

Sunday shopping

After assuming office, Rae announced that his government planned to introduce legislation for a "common pause day" across Ontario, to help "to help strengthen family and community life while protecting small business and the rights of workers". In practice, this initiative would have required many retail establishments to close on Sundays, with exemptions for religious minority communities. ^[67] Many retail owners opposed this initiative.

Education - A Royal Commission

The Rae government created a Royal Commission on Learning - co-chaired by Gerard Caplan and Monique Bégin - which delivered its report and recommendations: "For the Love of Learning" in January 1995. Among the reports' more prominent recommendations were:

- the creation of a common curriculum for Ontario schools
- the equalization of funding per pupil
- the elimination of grade 13
- the implementation of uniform testing of students at various grade levels. ^[68]

1995 election

Rae's popularity had recovered somewhat by 1995, but by the time the writs were dropped for that year's provincial election it was obvious that the NDP would not be re-elected. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Dropping the writ is the informal term for a procedure in some Parliamentary government systems, where the Head of government, that is the prime The Ontario general election of 1995 was held on June 8, 1995, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the province of Ontario

The official opposition Liberals were expected to be the primary benefactors of the NDP's unpopularity. They had recovered from their severe defeat of five years earlier, and had led in opinion polls since 1992. However, several unpopular policy reversals and mistakes by Liberal leader Lyn McLeod allowed Mike Harris and the Tories to benefit from the swing in support away from the NDP. Lyn McLeod (born 1942 is a Politician in Ontario, Canada. She served in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario Michael Deane Harris (born January 23, 1945, in Toronto Ontario) was the twenty-second Premier of Ontario from June 26, While the NDP polled considerably better in northern Ontario than it did in 1990, it lost much of its support in rest of the province, especially the 905 region where they had won so many seats five years earlier. Area code 905 (with overlay Area code 289) is a telephone dialing area for south central Ontario. In addition, several working-class ridings who had long voted NDP shifted to the Tories in response to Harris' populism. Ending up, the Tories shot from third place to a landslide majority government, sweeping the NDP from power. The NDP fell to only seventeen seats and third place in the Legislative Assembly.

Rae himself was reelected in his own riding by over 3,000 votes. However, on February 29, 1996; he resigned as NDP leader and MPP for York South and moved to positions in law, academia and the private sector. Leap years Although the modern calendar counts a year as 365 days a complete revolution around the sun takes approximately 365 days and 6 hours Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) He was eventually succeeded as party leader by Howard Hampton, who was formerly Natural Resources Minister in Rae's cabinet and a longtime left-wing rival. Howard George Hampton, MPP (born May 17, 1952) is the leader of the Ontario New Democratic Party (NDP The Ministry of Natural Resources is a government agency of the Canadian province of Ontario that is responsible for managing and protecting Liberal Gerard Kennedy succeeded Rae as MPP for York South. This article is about the politician For the actor see Gerard Kennedy (actor.

Out of politics, out of the NDP

Rae resigned from the New Democratic Party in the late 1990s, due to his appointment to the Security Intelligence Review Committee. There was some speculation that Prime Minister Jean Chrétien would appoint him Governor-General in 1999, but he was passed over in favour of Adrienne Clarkson. The Prime Minister of Canada ( French: Premier ministre du Canada) is the primary Minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus The Governor General of Canada ( French: Gouverneure générale du Canada, or: Gouverneur général du Canada) is the vice-regal representative Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Adrienne Louise Clarkson PC CC CMM COM CD (born February 10 1939 is an accomplished Canadian journalist and stateswoman There was further speculation that Rae would return to the federal Liberals and run under their banner in the 2000 election, though nothing came of this at the time. The 2000 Canadian federal election was held on November 27, 2000, to elect 301 Members of Parliament of the Canadian House of Commons of

Rae was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2000, and in 2004 he was awarded the Order of Ontario. The Order of Canada is the highest civilian honour within the Canadian system of honours, with membership awarded to those who exemplify the order's Latin 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " This article is about the Canadian order Oont is Urdu for " Camel " and was adopted as an Anglo-Indian term for the animal during British He was appointed the sixth chancellor of Wilfrid Laurier University on July 2, 2003, and was installed at that school's fall convocation in October. Wilfrid Laurier University is a University located in Waterloo Ontario, Canada. Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. A Convocation ( Latin 'calling together' translating the Greek Ecclesia) is a group of people formally assembled for a special purpose Rae is currently a partner of Goodmans LLP, a Toronto-based corporate law firm, an adjunct professor at the University of Toronto, and a Senior Fellow of Massey College. This article is about the Canadian corporate law firm For the electronics company see Goodmans Industries. Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario This article is about the University of Toronto's St George Campus Massey College is an elite interdisciplinary graduate Residential college affiliated with but independent from the University of Toronto. He has written two books: From Protest to Power: personal reflections on a life in politics (1996) and Three Questions: Prosperity and the Public Good (1998). He is the national spokesperson for the Leukemia Research Foundation.

Rae helped the Toronto Symphony Orchestra restructure following an extended strike by its musicians at the beginning of the 1999-2000 season.

Rae returned to active politics on April 16, 2002, two days after Mike Harris announced his resignation as premier, with an opinion piece in the National Post newspaper. Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Michael Deane Harris (born January 23, 1945, in Toronto Ontario) was the twenty-second Premier of Ontario from June 26, The National Post is a Canadian English-language national Newspaper based in Don Mills, Ontario, a district of In an article entitled, "Parting Company with the NDP", Rae strongly criticized what he perceived as a bias against Israel in the federal party, and also criticized the NDP for rejecting Tony Blair's Third Way socialism and for refusing to accept globalization and open markets. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Anthony Charles Lynton "Tony" Blair (born 6 May 1953 is a British Politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2 May 1997 to The Third Way is a term that has been used to describe a variety of political philosophies of governance that embracing a mix of market and interventionist philosophies Globalization (or globalisation) in its literal sense is the process of transformation of local or regional phenomena into global ones He suggested that the party's economic policies were insufficient for the 21st century, and that the party as a whole was no longer "worthy of support".

The Ontario NDP has distanced itself from Rae's policies under Hampton. During the 2003 provincial election, Hampton argued that Rae was wrong to reverse the NDP's commitment to public auto insurance. The Ontario general election of 2003 was held on October 2, 2003, to elect the 103 members of the 38th Legislative Assembly (Members of Provincial The party's relations with the labour movement have not completely healed, although the situation has improved since 1993. Relations with the CAW remain especially fraught, and memories of the social contract have hurt the NDP's credibility with a new generation of public sector workers, despite the party's efforts to distance itself from the measure. Nonetheless, the Ontario NDP has never come close to the popularity it enjoyed in the early 1990s, and is still in third place in the Legislative Assembly. Under Hampton, it actually lost official party status in the 2003 election. Official party status refers to the Canadian practice of recognizing political parties in the Parliament of Canada.

Rae worked on the Red Cross tainted blood issue and also worked towards a resolution of the fishing conflict in Burnt Church, New Brunswick.

In 2005, Rae wrote a report for the Liberal government of Dalton McGuinty on post-secondary education, commonly referred to as the Rae Report. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Dalton James Patrick McGuinty Jr MPP (born July 19, 1955, in Ottawa Ontario) is a Canadian lawyer and politician The Rae Report was the result of a provincial review of post-secondary education led by former Ontario Premier Bob Rae. While his report called for increased government funding to colleges and universities, and enhanced student aid especially for low-income students, his proposals on student tuition fees were more controversial. Rae's report suggested that individual institutions ought to be able to determine what rate of tuition fees to charge, free from government controls. Student groups have objected, noting the significant recent increases in tuition fees in Ontario under the government of Mike Harris, and the 57 per cent increase in tuition fees during his tenure as premier. Michael Deane Harris (born January 23, 1945, in Toronto Ontario) was the twenty-second Premier of Ontario from June 26, Rae defended his report, arguing that low income non-university individuals would not benefit from a tuition freeze/lowering, as well as being forced to bear the tax burden needed to enact it.

Rae has also become involved with international issues in recent years. In 2002 and 2003, as chair of the Forum of Federations he helped oversee constitutional discussions between the government of Sri Lanka and Tamil Tiger rebels. Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island "LTTE" redirects here For the Led Zeppelin bootleg see Listen to This Eddie. ^[69] On April 26, 2005, he was appointed to advise Deputy Prime Minister Anne McLellan on whether or not there should be a government inquiry into the 1985 Air India disaster. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Deputy Prime Minister of Canada (Vice-premier ministre du Canada is an honorary position in the cabinet, conferred at the discretion of the prime minister. This article is about the Canadian academic and former cabinet minister Air India Flight 182 was an Air India operating on the Montreal - London - Delhi route On November 23, 2005, Rae recommended further inquiry into the investigation and prosecution. ^[70]

In July 2005, The Globe and Mail and the National Post both reported that Rae was again being considered for appointment to the position of Governor General. The Globe and Mail is a Canadian English language nationally distributed Newspaper, based in Toronto and printed in six cities The National Post is a Canadian English-language national Newspaper based in Don Mills, Ontario, a district of However, Rae was passed over again, this time in favour of Michaëlle Jean. Michaëlle Jean, CC CMM COM CD ʒɑ̃ (born September 6, 1957, in Port-au-Prince,

Return as a Liberal

See also: Liberal Party of Canada leadership convention, 2006

In a July 2005 interview with Michael Valpy, Rae indicated that he was still committed to public life and public service. The Liberal Party of Canada leadership convention of 2006 was prompted by Paul Martin 's announcement that he would not lead the Liberal Party of Canada into another Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Michael Granville Valpy (born in Toronto August 13 1942 is an award-winning Canadian journalist and author Valpy's feature on Rae included a comment by Arlene Perly Rae that he could return to politics if there was a national unity crisis. Canadian federalism is one of the three pillars of the constitutional order along with Responsible government and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

On November 23, 2005, Rae presented his recommendations that there should be a formal but focused inquiry into the Air India disaster. Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Two days later, Deputy Prime Minister Anne McLellan announced Rae's appointment to conduct a limited inquiry into Air India under a government order-in-council. The Deputy Prime Minister of Canada (Vice-premier ministre du Canada is an honorary position in the cabinet, conferred at the discretion of the prime minister. This article is about the Canadian academic and former cabinet minister An Order-in-Council is a type of legislation in Commonwealth Realms. Rae produced a comprehensive report outlining the key issues that could be addressed, leaving Air India Victims' families spokeswoman Lata Pada "encouraged that demands for answers will be addressed".

On August 24 2005, the Toronto Star reported that Rae was under "mounting pressure" to run for the federal Liberals in the 2006 general election. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River The Toronto Star is Canada 's highest-circulation newspaper though its print edition is distributed almost entirely within the province of Ontario. The 2006 Canadian federal election (more formally the 39th General Election) was held on January 23 2006 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the Though it was unclear how long the Air India inquiry was to last, Rae's appointment precluded any possibility of his running as a candidate in the January 23rd election. A poll by SES Research suggested that Rae was tied for second place behind Frank McKenna as a prospective candidate to lead the federal Liberals. Francis Joseph "Frank" McKenna PC OC QC ONB (born January 19, 1948, in Apohaqui, McKenna decided afterwards not to contest the leadership.

The new government of Stephen Harper appointed a judge to handle the Air India inquiry in March 2006 thus releasing Rae from his previous commitment and freeing him for a possible run for the Liberal Party leadership. WikipediaManual of Style (biographies#Honorific prefixes --> Stephen Joseph Harper PC The Liberal Party of Canada leadership convention of 2006 was prompted by Paul Martin 's announcement that he would not lead the Liberal Party of Canada into another

In a speech to the Canadian Club of Winnipeg on March 13, 2006, Rae expressed his interest in uniting the 'progressive' forces of Canada in order to regain a majority government in the Canadian House of Commons. Winnipeg (ˈwɪnɨpɛg is the capital and largest city in the Canadian province of Manitoba, and 7th largest municipality in Canada with a population Events 1138 - Cardinal Gregorio Conti is elected Antipope as Victor IV, succeeding Anacletus II. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and "There's a progressive record that's shared by a majority of Canadians, but so far, we have not succeeded in becoming a majority in the House of Commons, so we must think a bit about how that can happen. "

On April 5, 2006, Rae applied for membership in the Liberal Party. Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop His candidacy for the federal party leadership was supported by Greg Sorbara and George Smitherman,^[71] former Chretien aides Eddie Goldenberg and Rae's brother John,^[72] as well as former top Martin advisor John Webster and others associated with the Martin camp. Gregory "Greg" Sorbara MPP (born September 4, 1946 in Toronto, Ontario) a member of the Legislative Assembly of George Smitherman MPP (born 1964) is a Canadian politician who represents the provincial riding Edward "Eddie" Goldenberg served as a senior political advisor to Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chrétien, considered among the most influential with ^[73] He officially announced his candidacy on April 24, 2006. Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. At his campaign launch he responded to his critics by saying "I made mistakes before I was in politics, I made mistakes when I was in politics, I made mistakes as premier. . . I can only tell you I have learned from those mistakes and I am the wiser for them. ^[74]

On May 12, 2006, venerable Trudeau era cabinet minister Allan MacEachen backed Rae's leadership bid becoming honorary campaign chair. Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Allan Joseph MacEachen, PC (born July 6 1921 is a retired Canadian politician a many-time Cabinet minister a retired Senator one of Canada 's elder statesmen ^[75]On June 16, former Ontario Liberal Party leader and provincial treasurer Robert Nixon, who sat as leader of the opposition to Rae's Ontario government for a time, endorsed Rae[6]. Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses. This article is about Robert Nixon the politician For Robert Nixon the artist see Robert Nixon (artist. He was also endorsed by MPs Irwin Cotler, Ujjal Dosanjh, Lawrence MacAulay, Diane Marleau and Brian Murphy, as well as several Senators. The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and Irwin Cotler, PC, OC, MP (born May 8, 1940) was Canada 's Minister of Justice and Attorney General Ujjal Singh Dosanjh, PC, MP (born September 9, 1947, Jalandhar, India) is a Canadian Lawyer Lawrence A MacAulay PC (born September 9, 1946 in St Peters Bay Prince Edward Island) is a Canadian politician Diane Marleau, PC, MP (born June 21 1943) is a Canadian politician Brian Murphy is the name of Brian Murphy (actor (born 1933 British actor most noted for his role as George Roper in the sitcom George and Mildred The Senate of Canada (Le Sénat du Canada is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the sovereign (represented by the governor general ^[76] Rival candidate Maurizio Bevilacqua withdrew from the contest on August 14 to endorse Rae,^[77] and Carolyn Bennett did the same on September 15,^[78] followed by Hedy Fry on September 25^[79] and John Godfrey on October 20. Maurizio Bevilacqua, PC, MP (born June 1, 1960 in Sulmona, Italy) is a Canadian politician Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures Carolyn A Bennett, PC, MP (born December 20, 1950 in Toronto, Ontario) is the Member of Parliament for Events 668 - Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse Italy. Hedy Fry, PC, MP (born August 6 1941) is a Canadian politician and physician Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France John Ferguson Godfrey, PC, (born December 19, 1942) is a Canadian educator journalist and former Member of Parliament

On the night of December 1st at the Convention, Bob Rae spoke freely without notes rather than make a formal speech. Rival candidate Joe Volpe announced his support for Rae after the speeches were concluded. This article is about the Canadian politician For information about the opera manager see Joseph Volpe (opera manager. On the morning of December 2nd, after finishing second on the first ballot, rival candidate Scott Brison, moved to Rae and yet another rival candidate, Ken Dryden, moved to him after the second ballot. Scott A Brison, PC, MP (born 10 May 1967, Windsor Nova Scotia) is a Canadian Politician. Kenneth Wayne "Ken" Dryden, PC, MP (born August 8, 1947 is a Canadian politician lawyer businessman author and former NHL However, Rae lost his bid for the leadership in the third round of Convention balloting, placing third behind both Michael Ignatieff and Stéphane Dion, who had leapfrogged into first after receiving the support of Gerard Kennedy. Michael Grant Ignatieff, MP (/ɪgˈnatʃəf/ (born May 12, 1947 in Toronto) is a Public intellectual, Historian, Stéphane Maurice Dion PC not change it to "Liberal"! --> MP This article is about the politician For the actor see Gerard Kennedy (actor. Rae then freed his delegates and did not indicate whom he supported on the final ballot; Dion won the leadership.

Despite the loss of the Liberal leadership, Rae has indicated that he would like to run for a federal seat in the House of Commons in the next federal election. ^[80] On March 7, 2007, Rae announced that he would seek the Liberal nomination in Toronto Centre. Toronto Centre, Rosedale and Toronto Centre–Rosedale make up a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that ^[81] On March 26, 2007, he won the party's nomination, defeating Toronto lawyer and human rights advocate Meredith Cartwright with 532 votes to her 267. Human rights refers to the "basic Rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled ^[82]

Several days following his defeat at the leadership convention it was reported that Rae had been the target of an anti-Semitic smear. Antisemitism (alternatively spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also rarely known as judeophobia) is the Prejudice against or hostility Rae's wife, Arlene Perly Rae was approached by a delegate who did not know who she was, and who told her that she should not vote for Rae because his wife is Jewish. Arlene Perly Rae (born 1949 is a Canadian journalist author and arts patron A flyer was also sent electronically to convention delegates, stating that Rae's wife was a vice-president of the Canadian Jewish Congress and that he was a supporter of Israeli apartheid^[83]. The Canadian Jewish Congress is an umbrella group of Jewish organizations in Canada and constitutes one of the main lobby groups for the Jewish community in the country The Canadian Press reported that the flyer was produced by Ron Saba, the editor of a small Montreal journal. Newly elected Liberal leader Stéphane Dion issued a press release condemning the "hateful comments" made against Rae and his wife, saying that they are "reprehensible and will not be tolerated within the Liberal Party of Canada," adding that "there is no room for abhorrent comments such as these within our Party. "^[84]

Rae has since been named as co-chairman of the Liberals' platform development committee, along with Scott Brison. Scott A Brison, PC, MP (born 10 May 1967, Windsor Nova Scotia) is a Canadian Politician. This was part of Dion's strategy to reunite the party by appointing his rivals for the leadership to key posts in the party.

In the by-election held on March 17, 2008; Rae won handily. Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger Toronto Centre had historically been one of the few ridings in the former Metro Toronto where the old Progressive Conservatives had a realistic chance of winning. The Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto was the senior level of Municipal government in the Toronto, Ontario, Canada, area from 1954 to However, since 1993, the Liberals have dominated the riding, carrying it by 10,000 votes or more. Rae kept this tradition going; he finished almost 11,000 votes ahead of his closest opponent and garnered more votes (14,187) than his five opponents combined (9,764).

Rae's candidacy was endorsed by the original Conservative candidate, Mark Warner, who was tossed aside due to disagreements on social and urban issues. Mark A A Warner (born 1964 is a Canadian international trade and competition ( Antitrust) lawyer previously with the Toronto firm Fasken Martineau DuMoulin. Rae had denounced the Tories' decision to drop Warner, calling it a "national disgrace. "^[85]

Rae officially returned to Parliament on March 31, 2008 after a 25-year absence. Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor He was immediately promoted to the Liberal shadow cabinet, and serves as Foreign Affairs critic (shadow foreign minister).

References

External links

• Bob Rae's Homepage
• Astonishing victory for the NDP
• Hour.ca – Bob versus the students
• Western News – Western Applauds Rae Report
• Liberals want Rae to join the fold by Robert Benzie, Toronto Star, August 24, 2005.
• Political Biography from the Library of Parliament
• Bob Rae's Order of Canada Citation

Parliament of Canada
Preceded by John Gilbert, NDP	Member of Parliament for Broadview 1978–1979	Succeeded by District Abolished
Preceded by New District	Member of Parliament for Broadview—Greenwood 1979–1982	Succeeded by Lynn McDonald
Preceded by Bill Graham, Liberal	Member of Parliament for Toronto Centre 2008–present	Succeeded by Incumbent
Party political offices
Preceded by Michael Cassidy	Ontario NDP leaders 1982–1996	Succeeded by Howard Hampton
Legislative Assembly of Ontario
Preceded by Larry Grossman	Leader of the Opposition in the Ontario Legislature 1987–1990	Succeeded by Robert Nixon
Preceded by David Peterson	Premier of Ontario 1990–1995	Succeeded by Mike Harris
Preceded by Donald C. MacDonald	Member of Provincial Parliament for York South 1982–1996	Succeeded by Gerard Kennedy
Academic offices
Preceded by John E. Cleghorn	Chancellor of Wilfrid Laurier University 2003–2008	Succeeded by Vacant

Electoral record

By-election on March 17, 2008: Toronto Centre
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Liberal	Bob Rae	14,187	59. The Parliament of Canada (Parlement du Canada is Canada 's legislative branch, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario. John Gilbert ( September 12, 1921 &ndash August 7, 2006) was a Canadian lawyer politician and jurist Principles policies and electoral achievement The NDP grew from populist, agrarian and democratic socialist roots A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Broadview was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1935 to 1979 A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Toronto—Danforth (formerly Broadview—Greenwood) is a federal and provincial electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada Lynn McDonald, PhD (born July 15 1940) is a university professor anti-tobacco activist and former member of the Canadian House of Commons. William Carvel "Bill" Graham PC QC (born March 17, 1939, in Montreal Quebec) is a former Canadian politician A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Toronto Centre, Rosedale and Toronto Centre–Rosedale make up a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that Michael Morris Cassidy (born May 10, 1937) is a Canadian politician The Ontario New Democratic Party, formally known as New Democratic Party of Ontario, is a Social democratic political party in Ontario, Canada Howard George Hampton, MPP (born May 17, 1952) is the leader of the Ontario New Democratic Party (NDP See also Politics of Ontario The Legislative Assembly of Ontario (also known as Ontario Legislative Assembly or OntLA) is the Legislature Lawrence "Larry" Sheldon Grossman (born December 2, 1943 in Toronto, Ontario; died June 1997 was a politician in Ontario Canada The Leader of the Opposition in Ontario is usually leader of the largest party in the Ontario legislature which is not the government This article is about Robert Nixon the politician For Robert Nixon the artist see Robert Nixon (artist. David Robert Peterson, PC (born December 28, 1943 in Toronto, Ontario) was the twentieth Premier of the Province This is a list of the premiers of the province of Ontario, Canada, since Confederation in 1867 Michael Deane Harris (born January 23, 1945, in Toronto Ontario) was the twenty-second Premier of Ontario from June 26, Donald Cameron MacDonald CM, OOnt, ( December 7, 1913 &ndash March 8 2008) was a long time Canadian York South was an electoral district (or "riding" in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1904 This article is about the politician For the actor see Gerard Kennedy (actor. John Edward Cleghorn, OC (born July 7, 1941) is a Canadian businessman and former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Royal Bank of Canada A Chancellor is the head of a University. Other titles are sometimes used such as President or Rector. Wilfrid Laurier University is a University located in Waterloo Ontario, Canada. Four federal by-elections were held in Canada on March 17, 2008 to fill vacancies in the Canadian House of Commons. Toronto Centre, Rosedale and Toronto Centre–Rosedale make up a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that The Liberal Party of Canada ( Parti libéral du Canada) colloquially known as the Grits (originally " Clear Grits " is a major Canadian political 2	+7. 0%
	New Democrat	El-Farouk Khaki	3,299	13. Principles policies and electoral achievement The NDP grew from populist, agrarian and democratic socialist roots El-Farouk Khaki (born October 26 1963 is a Canadian refugee and immigration lawyer and Human rights activist on issues including Gender equality, 8	-9. 9%
	Green	Chris Tindal	3,263	13. The Green Party of Canada is a Canadian federal Political party founded in 1983 with around 9000 registered members as of November 2007. The Green Party of Canada ran a full slate of 308 candidates in the 2006 Canadian federal election. 6	+8. 4%
	Conservative	Donald Meredith	2,982	12. The Conservative Party of Canada ( Parti conservateur du Canada) colloquially known as the " Tories " is a conservative Don Meredith (born 1964 is an ordained ministerThe GTA Faith Alliance has organized peace rallies in the Malvern and Rexdale communities of Toronto following incidents 5	-5. 7%
	Animal Alliance	Liz White	123	0. Ideology The party’s program is centred on Animal rights and Environmentalism; it generally takes a more radical position on the latter than that taken by Elizabeth "Liz" White is a Canadian politician and animal rights activist residing in Toronto, Ontario. 5	+0. 4%
	Canadian Action	Doug Plumb	97	0. The Canadian Action Party (CAP (French Parti action canadienne (PAC is a Canadian federal Political party founded in 1997 4	-
	Liberal hold		Swing	+8. The Liberal Party of Canada ( Parti libéral du Canada) colloquially known as the Grits (originally " Clear Grits " is a major Canadian political 5

1995 Ontario provincial election : York South edit
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	Expenditures
	New Democratic Party	(x)Bob Rae	10,442	41. The Ontario general election of 1995 was held on June 8, 1995, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the province of Ontario York South was an electoral district (or "riding" in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1904 The Ontario New Democratic Party, formally known as New Democratic Party of Ontario, is a Social democratic political party in Ontario, Canada 24	$39,100. 07
	Progressive Conservative	Larry Edwards	7,726	30. The Ontario PC Party, formally known as the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario (in french Parti progressiste-conservateur de l'Ontario) is a Right-of-centre The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario fielded a full slate of candidates in the 1995 Ontario provincial election, and won a Majority government 51	$28,482. 21
	Liberal	Hagood Hardy	6,025	23. The Ontario Liberal Party is a Centrist provincial political party in the province of Ontario, Canada. Hugh Hagood Hardy, CM ( February 26 1937 &ndash January 1 1997) was a Canadian composer pianist and Vibraphonist 79	$42,578. 22
	Family Coalition	Don Pennell	305	1. The Family Coalition Party is a small political party in Ontario, Canada that promotes a socially conservative ideology Donald Pennell is a political and religious activist in Ontario, Canada. 20	$4,210. 68
	Green	David James Cooper	219	0. The Green Party of Ontario ( GPO) is a political party in Ontario Canada. The Green Party of Canada fielded a number of candidates in the 1997 federal election, none of whom were elected 86	$1,046. 57
	Natural Law	Bob Hyman	176	0. The Natural Law Party of Ontario was a political party in Ontario Canada, the provincial affiliate of the Natural Law Party of Canada. The Ontario Natural Law Party ran a number of candidates in the 1999 provincial election, none of whom were elected 70	$0. 00
	Independent	Kevin Clarke	170	0. Kevin Mark Clarke is a Perennial candidate for public office in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 67	$1,164. 66
	Libertarian	Roma Kelembet	153	0. The Ontario Libertarian Party is a political party in Ontario, Canada that was founded in 1975 by Bruce Evoy Vince Miller and others, inspired by the formation The Libertarian Party of Ontario (LPO ran a number of candidates in the 1995 provincial election, none of whom were elected 60	$819. 58
	Communist	Darrell Rankin	105	0. The Communist Party of Ontario is the Ontario, Canada provincial wing of the Communist Party of Canada. Darrell T Rankin (born February 14, 1957) is a Canadian peace activist and Communist politician 41	$59. 00
Total valid votes			25,321	100. 00
Rejected, unmarked and declined ballots			388
Turnout			25,709	69. 13
Electors on the lists			37,192

1990 Ontario provincial election : York South edit
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	New Democratic Party	(x)Bob Rae	16,642	66. The Ontario general election of 1990 was held on September 6, 1990, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the province of Ontario York South was an electoral district (or "riding" in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1904 The Ontario New Democratic Party, formally known as New Democratic Party of Ontario, is a Social democratic political party in Ontario, Canada 70
	Liberal	Ozzie Grant	4,534	18. The Ontario Liberal Party is a Centrist provincial political party in the province of Ontario, Canada. The governing Ontario Liberal Party fielded a full slate of candidates in the 1990 provincial election and won 36 of 130 seats falling to Official 17
	Progressive Conservative	Andrew Feldstein	2,561	10. The Ontario PC Party, formally known as the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario (in french Parti progressiste-conservateur de l'Ontario) is a Right-of-centre The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario ran a full slate of candidates in the 1990 provincial election, and won 20 out of 130 seats to become the 26
	Libertarian	Alex MacDonald	759	3. The Ontario Libertarian Party is a political party in Ontario, Canada that was founded in 1975 by Bruce Evoy Vince Miller and others, inspired by the formation The Libertarian Party of Ontario fielded several candidates in the 1990 Ontario provincial election, none of whom were elected 04
	Green	Phil Sarazen	453	1. The Green Party of Ontario ( GPO) is a political party in Ontario Canada. The Green Party of Ontario fielded several candidates in the 1990 provincial election, none of whom were elected 82
Total valid votes			24,949	100. 00
Rejected, unmarked and declined ballots			406
Turnout			25,355	66. 80
Electors on the lists			37,959

1987 Ontario provincial election : York South edit
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	New Democratic Party	(x)Bob Rae	13,190	47. The Ontario general election of 1987 was held on September 10, 1987, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario York South was an electoral district (or "riding" in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1904 The Ontario New Democratic Party, formally known as New Democratic Party of Ontario, is a Social democratic political party in Ontario, Canada 10
	Liberal	Alan Tonks	12,857	45. The Ontario Liberal Party is a Centrist provincial political party in the province of Ontario, Canada. Alan Tonks (born April 2, 1943 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian politician and was the final Metro Toronto Chairman 91
	Progressive Conservative	Fred De Francesco	1,544	5. The Ontario PC Party, formally known as the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario (in french Parti progressiste-conservateur de l'Ontario) is a Right-of-centre The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario ran a full slate of candidates in the 1987 Ontario provincial election, and elected 16 out of 130 candidates 51
	Libertarian	Dusan Kubias	411	1. The Ontario Libertarian Party is a political party in Ontario, Canada that was founded in 1975 by Bruce Evoy Vince Miller and others, inspired by the formation The Libertarian Party of Canada fielded a number of candidates in the 1988 federal election, none of whom were elected 47
Total valid votes			28,002	100. 00
Rejected, unmarked and declined ballots			275
Turnout			28,277	70. 46
Electors on the lists			40,134

1985 Ontario provincial election : York South edit
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	New Democratic Party	(x)Bob Rae	16,373	54. The Ontario general election of 1985 was held on May 2, 1985, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario, York South was an electoral district (or "riding" in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1904 The Ontario New Democratic Party, formally known as New Democratic Party of Ontario, is a Social democratic political party in Ontario, Canada 02
	Liberal	Horace Hale	6,807	22. The Ontario Liberal Party is a Centrist provincial political party in the province of Ontario, Canada. The Ontario Liberal Party won 48 of 125 seats in the 1985 Ontario provincial election, emerging as the second-largest party in the legislature 46
	Progressive Conservative	Toomas Ounapuu	5,321	17. The Ontario PC Party, formally known as the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario (in french Parti progressiste-conservateur de l'Ontario) is a Right-of-centre The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario ran a full slate of candidates in the 1985 provincial election, and won 52 seats out of 130 to win a minority 56
	Independent	Paul Schulze	1,063	3. There were several independent candidates in the 1985 Ontario provincial election, none of whom were elected 51
	Independent	Lucille Boikoff	402	1. The Party for the Commonwealth of Canada fielded several candidates in the 1993 federal election, none of whom were elected 33
	Libertarian	Dusan Kubias	343	1. The Ontario Libertarian Party is a political party in Ontario, Canada that was founded in 1975 by Bruce Evoy Vince Miller and others, inspired by the formation The Libertarian Party of Canada fielded a number of candidates in the 1988 federal election, none of whom were elected 13
Total valid votes			30,309	100. 00
Rejected, unmarked and declined ballots			292
Turnout			30,601	66. 53
Electors on the lists			45,997

Ontario provincial by-election, November 4, 1982 : York South edit
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	New Democratic Party	Bob Rae	11,212	45. York South was an electoral district (or "riding" in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1904 The Ontario New Democratic Party, formally known as New Democratic Party of Ontario, is a Social democratic political party in Ontario, Canada 80
	Liberal	John Nunziata	8,595	35. The Ontario Liberal Party is a Centrist provincial political party in the province of Ontario, Canada. John Nunziata (born January 4, 1955) is a Canadian politician 11
	Progressive Conservative	Barbara Jafelice	4,376	17. The Ontario PC Party, formally known as the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario (in french Parti progressiste-conservateur de l'Ontario) is a Right-of-centre The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario ran a full slate of candidates in the 1981 provincial election, and won a majority government with 70 out 87
	Libertarian	Myron A. Petriw	234	0. The Ontario Libertarian Party is a political party in Ontario, Canada that was founded in 1975 by Bruce Evoy Vince Miller and others, inspired by the formation The Libertarian Party of Canada fielded a number of candidates in the 1984 Canadian general election, none of whom were elected 96
	Independent	John C. Turmel	66	0. John C Turmel (born February 22 1951, Rouyn Quebec, Canada) is a Perennial candidate for Election in Canada and according 27
Total valid votes			24,483	100. 00
Rejected, unmarked and declined ballots			345
Turnout			24,828	54. 74
Electors on the lists			45,357

1980 federal election : Broadview—Greenwood edit
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	New Democratic Party	(x)Bob Rae	12,953	40. The Canadian federal election of 1980 was held on February 18, 1980 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the 32nd Parliament Toronto—Danforth (formerly Broadview—Greenwood) is a federal and provincial electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada Principles policies and electoral achievement The NDP grew from populist, agrarian and democratic socialist roots 37
	Liberal	Philip Deane Gigantes	10,601	33. The Liberal Party of Canada ( Parti libéral du Canada) colloquially known as the Grits (originally " Clear Grits " is a major Canadian political Philippe Deane Gigantès PhD ( August 16, 1923 &ndash December 9, 2004) was a war hero journalist and Liberal 04
	Progressive Conservative	Michael Clarke	7,677	23. The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada ( PC) ( Parti progressiste-conservateur du Canada) ( 1867 – 2003) was a Canadian The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada fielded a full slate of candidates in the 1980 federal election, and won 103 seats to form the Official 92
	Libertarian	Walter Belej	352	1. The Libertarian Party of Canada is a political party in Canada that subscribes to the tenets of the libertarian movement The Libertarian Party of Canada fielded a number of candidates in the 1980 federal election, none of whom were elected 10
	Rhinoceros	Vicki Butterfield	196	0. Policies and politics The Rhinoceros Party of Canada fielded several candidates in the 1980 federal election, none of whom were elected 61
	Communist	Ed McDonald	164	0. History Origins The Communist Party was organized with great secrecy in a barn near the city of Guelph Ontario, on May 28 and 29 1921 The Communist Party of Canada - Ontario fielded a number of candidates in the 1985 provincial election, none of whom were elected 51
	N/A (National)	Don Hayward	53	0. The National Party of Canada was considered a Left-wing Political party that was founded in Canada in 1979 to promote Canadian independence The National Party of Canada was considered a Left-wing Political party that was founded in Canada in 1979 to promote Canadian independence 17
	Marxist-Leninist	Dorothy-Jean O'Donnell	53	0. History and ideology Hardial Bains founded the Internationalists at the University of British Columbia on March 13 1963. The Communist Party of Canada - Marxist-Leninist (CPC-ML fielded 71 candidates in the 2006 federal election. 17
	Independent	Milorad Novich	40	0. There were several independent candidates in the 1980 Canadian federal election, none of whom were elected 12
Total valid votes			32,089	100. 00
Rejected, unmarked and declined ballots			270
Turnout			32,359	70. 04
Electors on the lists			46,204

1979 federal election : Broadview—Greenwood edit
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	New Democratic Party	(x)Bob Rae	13,187	39. The Canadian federal election of 1979 was held on May 22, 1979 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the 31st Parliament Toronto—Danforth (formerly Broadview—Greenwood) is a federal and provincial electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada Principles policies and electoral achievement The NDP grew from populist, agrarian and democratic socialist roots 72
	Progressive Conservative	Michael Clarke	9,987	30. The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada ( PC) ( Parti progressiste-conservateur du Canada) ( 1867 – 2003) was a Canadian The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada fielded a full slate of candidates in the 1980 federal election, and won 103 seats to form the Official 08
	Liberal	Philipp Varelis	9,290	27. The Liberal Party of Canada ( Parti libéral du Canada) colloquially known as the Grits (originally " Clear Grits " is a major Canadian political The Liberal Party of Canada fielded a full slate of 282 candidates in the 1979 Canadian federal election, and won 114 seats to become the Official 98
	Libertarian	Walter Belej	474	1. The Libertarian Party of Canada is a political party in Canada that subscribes to the tenets of the libertarian movement The Libertarian Party of Canada fielded a number of candidates in the 1980 federal election, none of whom were elected 43
	Communist	John Bizzell	145	0. History Origins The Communist Party was organized with great secrecy in a barn near the city of Guelph Ontario, on May 28 and 29 1921 The Communist Party of Canada fielded several candidates in the 1979 federal election, none of whom were elected 44
	Independent	Milorad Novich	64	0. There were several independent candidates in the 1980 Canadian federal election, none of whom were elected 19
	Marxist-Leninist	Dorothy-Jean O'Donnell	57	0. History and ideology Hardial Bains founded the Internationalists at the University of British Columbia on March 13 1963. The Communist Party of Canada - Marxist-Leninist (CPC-ML fielded 71 candidates in the 2006 federal election. 17
Total valid votes			33,204	100. 00
Rejected, unmarked and declined ballots			320
Turnout			33,524	77. 94
Electors on the lists			43,015

Canadian federal by-election, October 16, 1978 : Broadview edit
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	New Democratic Party	Bob Rae	8,388	41. Broadview was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1935 to 1979 Principles policies and electoral achievement The NDP grew from populist, agrarian and democratic socialist roots 89
	Progressive Conservative	Tom Clifford	7,968	39. The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada ( PC) ( Parti progressiste-conservateur du Canada) ( 1867 – 2003) was a Canadian Tom Clifford is a former municipal politician in the City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 79
	Liberal	Philipp Varelis	3,466	17. The Liberal Party of Canada ( Parti libéral du Canada) colloquially known as the Grits (originally " Clear Grits " is a major Canadian political The Liberal Party of Canada fielded a full slate of 282 candidates in the 1979 Canadian federal election, and won 114 seats to become the Official 31
	Communist	Tom Lianos	204	1. History Origins The Communist Party was organized with great secrecy in a barn near the city of Guelph Ontario, on May 28 and 29 1921 The Communist Party of Canada fielded several candidates in the 1974 federal election, none of whom were elected 02
Total valid votes			20,026	100. 00
Rejected, unmarked and declined ballots			171
Turnout			20,197	59. 22
Electors on the lists			34,107

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