The Honourable  Bob Hawke  AC LLD (hc, USA) BLitt (oxon) LLB BA
23rd Prime Minister of Australia Elections: 1983, 1984, 1987, 1990
In office 11 March 1983 – 20 December 1991
Deputy	Lionel Bowen Paul Keating Brian Howe
Preceded by	Malcolm Fraser
Succeeded by	Paul Keating
Constituency	Wills
Born	9 December 1929 (1929-12-09) (age 78) Bordertown, South Australia, Australia
Political party	Australian Labor Party
Occupation	Trade unionist

Robert James Lee (Bob) Hawke AC (born 9 December 1929) was the 23rd Prime Minister of Australia and longest serving Australian Labor Party Prime Minister. The prefix The Honourable or The Honorable (abbreviated to " The Hon Order of Australia is an order of chivalry established by Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia on 14 February 1975 "for the purpose of according recognition Doctor of Laws ( Latin: Legum Doctor, LLD) is a Doctorate -level Academic degree in Law. An honorary degree or a degree honoris causa ( Latin: 'for the sake of the honour' is an Academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding The University of South Australia, or UniSA, is a Public university in the Australian state of South Australia. This article concerns the degrees of the University of Oxford. The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the The Bachelor of Laws (abbreviated LLB, LLB or rarely LlB) is an undergraduate or bachelor degree in law offered in most Common law The Prime Minister of Australia is the Head of government of the Commonwealth of Australia, holding office on commission from the Governor-General. Background The coalition government led by Malcolm Fraser had to contend with a parlous economic situation with high inflation and high unemployment Federal elections were held in Australia on 11 July 1987 following the granting of a double dissolution on 5 June by the Governor-General Sir Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Events 69 - Vespasian, formerly a general under Nero, enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Lionel Frost Bowen AC (born 28 December 1922) Australian politician was a senior Labor figure serving in the ministries of Paul John Keating (born 18 January 1944 was the 24th Prime Minister of Australia, from 1991 to 1996 Brian Leslie Howe, AO (born 23 January 1936) Australian politician was Deputy Prime Minister in the Labor government of John Malcolm Fraser, AC, CH (born 21 May 1930 is an Australian Liberal politician who was the 22nd Prime Minister of Australia. Paul John Keating (born 18 January 1944 was the 24th Prime Minister of Australia, from 1991 to 1996 The Division of Wills is an Australian electoral division (electorate of Victoria. Events 536 - Byzantine General Belisarius enters Rome while the Ostrogothic garrison peacefully leaves the city Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Bordertown is a small South Australian Town near the Victorian border South Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. A trade union or labour union is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals in key areas such as wages hours and working conditions forming Order of Australia is an order of chivalry established by Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia on 14 February 1975 "for the purpose of according recognition Events 536 - Byzantine General Belisarius enters Rome while the Ostrogothic garrison peacefully leaves the city Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Prime Minister of Australia is the Head of government of the Commonwealth of Australia, holding office on commission from the Governor-General.

After a decade as president of the Australian Council of Trade Unions, he entered politics at the 1980 elections and became Prime Minister within three years. Template talkInfobox Union for usage --> The Australian Council of Trade Unions ( ACTU) is the largest Issues The mood in the electorate was moving against the Fraser Government by 1980 He became by far the longest-serving and most electorally successful Labor Prime Minister, achieving the rare feat of winning four consecutive federal elections, and he is Australia's third longest-serving Prime Minister.

Early life and education

Hawke's memorial at the Turf Tavern for downing a yard of ale (or 2. 5 pints) in just 11 seconds in 1963 while at Oxford Uni, entering the Guinness Book of Records.

Hawke was born in Bordertown, a small town in South Australia near the Victorian border. Bordertown is a small South Australian Town near the Victorian border South Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country His father was a Congregationalist minister; his uncle, Albert Hawke, was Labor Premier of Western Australia between 1953 and 1959 and was a close friend of Labor Prime Minister John Curtin, who was in many ways Bob Hawke's role model. Congregational churches are Protestant Christian churches practicing Congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation independently Albert ("Bert" Redvers George Hawke (3 December 1900 in Kapunda, South Australia - 1989 was Premier of Western Australia from 1953 to 1959 The Premier of Western Australia is the head of the executive government in the Australian State of Western Australia. John Joseph Curtin (8 January 1885 &ndash 5 July 1945 Australian politician and 14th Prime Minister of Australia, led Australia when the Australian mainland came under direct The term role model was introduced by Robert K Merton. Merton says that individuals compare themselves with "reference groups" of people who occupy the social Hawke's mother, Ellie, had an almost messianic belief in her son's destiny and this contributed to his supreme self-confidence throughout his career. Both his parents were of English extraction. Hawke abandoned his Christian beliefs as a young man and by the time he entered politics he was a self-described agnostic. ^[1]

Hawke was raised in Perth and attended Perth Modern School and completed undergraduate degrees in Law and Arts (Economics) at the University of Western Australia. Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. Perth Modern School is an academically selective, Public, Co-educational High school, located in Subiaco, a suburb of Perth The University of Western Australia (UWA is the oldest university in the state of Western Australia. He joined the Labor Party in 1947, was selected as a Rhodes Scholar in 1953 and went to the University of Oxford to complete a Bachelor of Letters at University College with a thesis on wage-fixing in Australia. Rhodes Scholarship Rhodes scholar redirects here Rhodes Scholar redirects here Rhodes scholars The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the University College (in full the The Master and Fellows of the College of the Great Hall of the University of Oxford, colloquially referred to as Univ) is one of

His academic achievements were possibly outweighed by the notoriety he achieved as the holder of a world record for the fastest consumption of beer: a yard glass (approximately 3 imperial pints or 1. A yard (or yard glass) is a very tall glass used for drinking beer a yard (or yard of ale) also refers to the (variable quantity of beer held by 7 litres) in eleven seconds. ^[2][3] In his memoirs, Hawke suggested that this single feat may have contributed to his political success more than any other, by endearing him to a voting population with a strong beer culture.

Trade union leader

Part of Hawke's work at the ACTU was the presentation of its annual case for higher wages to the national wages tribunal, the Conciliation and Arbitration Commission. The Australian Industrial Relations Commission, or AIRC (known from 1956 to 1973 as the Commonwealth Conciliation and Arbitration Commission, and from 1973 to 1988 as the He attained such success and prominence in this role that in 1969 he was encouraged to run for ACTU President, despite the fact that he had never held elected office in a trade union.

He was elected to the presidency of the ACTU in 1969 on a modernising platform, by a narrow margin (399 to 350) and with the support of the left of the union movement, including some associated with the Communist Party. This article is about the historical Communist Party of Australia dissolved in 1991

Hawke declared publicly that "socialist is not a word I would use to describe myself" and his approach to government was pragmatic. Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution Pragmatism generally considered to have originated in the late nineteenth century with Charles Peirce, who first stated the Pragmatic maxim. He concerned himself with making improvements to workers' lives from within the traditional institutions of government, rather than to any ideological theory. He opposed the Vietnam war, but was a strong supporter of the US-Australian alliance, and also an emotional supporter of Israel. The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. It was his commitment to the cause of Jewish Refuseniks that led to a planned assassination attempt by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, and its Australian operative Munif Mohammed Abou Rish. Refusenik (אסיר ציון asir tzion, "zion prisoner" מסורב עליה mesorav aliyah, "one who is not allowed to perform Aliyah The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine ( PFLP) ( Arabic: الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين al-Jabhah al-Sha`biyyah li-Tahrīr Munif Mohammed Abou Rish was an Australian Journalist, who in 1974 planned to assassinate former Prime Minister of Australia Bob Hawke, the ^[4]

In industrial matters, Hawke continued to demonstrate a preference for and considerable skill at negotiation, and was generally liked and respected by employers as well as the unions he advocated for. As early as 1972 speculation began that he would soon enter Parliament and become Labor leader. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. But while his career continued successfully, his heavy use of alcohol and his notorious womanising placed considerable strains on his family life.

In 1973 Hawke became Federal President of the Labor Party. When the Gough Whitlam government was controversially dismissed by the Governor General in 1975 and the government defeated at the ensuing election, Whitlam initially offered the Labor leadership to Hawke, although it was not within Whitlam's power to decide who would succeed him. Edward Gough Whitlam, AC, QC (born 11 July 1916 known as Gough Whitlam (ˈɡɒf goff is an Australian former politician and 21st Hawke decided not to enter Parliament at that time, a decision he soon regretted. He was, however, influential in averting national strike action. The strain of this period took its toll, and in 1979 he suffered a physical collapse.

This shock led Hawke to make a sustained and ultimately successful effort to conquer his alcoholism — John Curtin was his inspiration in this as in other things. Alcoholism is a term with multiple and sometimes conflicting definitions John Joseph Curtin (8 January 1885 &ndash 5 July 1945 Australian politician and 14th Prime Minister of Australia, led Australia when the Australian mainland came under direct He was helped in this by his relationship with the writer Blanche d'Alpuget, who in 1982 published an admiring biography of Hawke. Blanche d'Alpuget is an Australian Novelist and Biographer, and the second wife of former Prime Minister Bob Hawke. His popularity with the public was unaffected, and polling suggested that he was a far more popular politician than either Bill Hayden, the Labor leader since 1977, or the incumbent Liberal Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser. William George Hayden, AC (born 23 January 1933 was the 21st Governor-General of Australia. The Liberal Party of Australia is an Australian political party. John Malcolm Fraser, AC, CH (born 21 May 1930 is an Australian Liberal politician who was the 22nd Prime Minister of Australia.

Hawke was elected to the House of Representatives for the Melbourne seat of Wills at the 1980 election, and was immediately elected to the Opposition front bench. The House of Representatives is one of the two houses (chambers of the Parliament of Australia; it is the Lower house, the Upper house being the Senate Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 The Division of Wills is an Australian electoral division (electorate of Victoria. Hayden's failure to defeat Fraser at that election gave Hawke his opportunity. He enlisted the support of the powerful New South Wales right-wing Labor "machine" to undermine Hayden, whom he famously described as "a lying cunt with a limited future. "^[5] In July 1982 Hawke made his first challenge for the Labor leadership, losing by four votes.

By the end of 1982, however, it was obvious that Fraser was planning an early election, and Labor MPs began to fear that with Hayden as leader they would lose. On 3 February 1983, on the same day that Fraser called an election for 5 March, Hayden was persuaded to resign and Hawke became Labor leader unopposed. Events 1112 - Ramon Berenguer III of Barcelona and Douce I of Provence marry uniting the fortunes of those two states Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a He went on to win the 1983 election in a landslide, becoming Prime Minister less than thirty days after assuming leadership of his party and barely three years after entering Parliament. Background The coalition government led by Malcolm Fraser had to contend with a parlous economic situation with high inflation and high unemployment

Prime Minister 1983-91

The inaugural days of the Hawke government were distinctly different from those of the Whitlam era. Rather than immediately initiating extensive reform programmes, Hawke announced that Fraser's pre-election concealment of the budget deficit meant that many of Labor's election commitments would have to be deferred. Hawke managed to persuade the Labor caucus to divide the ministry into two tiers, with only the most important Ministers attending regular cabinet meetings. This was to avoid what Hawke viewed as the unwieldy nature of the 27-member Whitlam cabinet. The caucus under Hawke also exhibited a much more formalised system of parliamentary factions, which significantly altered the dynamics of caucus operations. WikipediaManual of Style#National varieties of English.-->A political faction

Hawke with US Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger in the Anzus Corridor in The Pentagon in June 1983. Caspar Willard "Cap" Weinberger ( August 18, 1917 &ndash March 28, 2006) was an American politician and Secretary The Pentagon is the Headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, located in Arlington County, Virginia.

Hawke used his great authority to carry out a substantial set of policy changes. Accounts from ministers indicate that while Hawke was not usually the driving force for economic reform (that impetus coming from the Treasurer Paul Keating and Industry Minister John Button), he took the role of reaching consensus and providing political guidance on what was electorally feasible and how best to sell it to the public, at which he was highly successful. Paul John Keating (born 18 January 1944 was the 24th Prime Minister of Australia, from 1991 to 1996 John Norman Button ( June 30, 1933 &ndash April 8, 2008) was an Australian politician who served as a senior minister in the Hawke proved to be very popular with the Australian electorate and set during his first term the record for the highest approval rating on the ACNielsen Poll (a record which still stands as of 2008). ^[6]

A cheque for bushfire relief to South Australian Premier John Bannon is presented by Hawke in April 1983. See Premiers of the Australian states for a description and history of the office of Premier John Charles Bannon AO (born May 7, 1943) was the Labor Premier of South Australia between November 10, 1982

Keating and Hawke provided a study in contrasts. Hawke was a Rhodes Scholar; Keating left high school early. Hawke's enthusiasms were cigars, horse racing and all forms of sport; Keating preferred classical architecture, Mahler symphonies, and collecting antique Swiss cuckoo clocks. The term Classical architecture has a specific Archaeological meaning relating to the architecture of Classical Greece Hawke was consensus-driven; Keating revelled in aggressive debate. Hawke was a lapsed Protestant; Keating was a practising Catholic. Despite their differences, the two formed an effective political partnership.

Among other things, the Hawke Government floated the Australian dollar, deregulated the financial system, dismantled the tariff system, privatised state sector industries, ended subsidisation of loss-making industries, and sold off the state-owned Commonwealth Bank of Australia. The Australian dollar ( sign: $; code: AUD) is the Currency of the Commonwealth of Australia, including Christmas The Commonwealth Bank of Australia ( is the largest bank in Australia. The tax system was reformed, with the introduction of fringe benefits tax and a capital gains tax — a reform strongly opposed by the Liberal Party at the time, but not reversed when they returned to office.

Hawke benefitted greatly from the disarray into which the Liberal opposition fell after the resignation of Fraser. The Liberals were divided between supporters of the dour, economically and socially conservative John Howard and the urbane Andrew Peacock. See also Howard Government John Winston Howard AC (born 26 July 1939 was the 25th Prime Minister of Australia from 11 March Andrew Sharp Peacock AC (born 13 February 1939 is a former Australian Liberal politician The arch-conservative Premier of Queensland, Sir Joh Bjelke-Petersen, also helped Hawke with his "Joh for Canberra" campaign in 1987, which proved highly damaging for the conservatives. See Premiers of the Australian states for a description and history of the office of Premier Sir Johannes "Joh" Bjelke-Petersen KCMG (13 January 1911 &ndash 23 April 2005] New Zealand -born Australian Politician, was the longest-serving The Joh for Canberra or Joh for PM campaign was the 1987 attempt by the Queensland branch of the National Party of Australia to install Queensland Exploiting these divisions, Hawke led the Labor Party to comfortable election victories in 1984 and 1987.

Hawke's Prime Ministership saw considerable friction between himself and the grassroots of the Labor Party, who were unhappy at what they viewed as Hawke's iconoclasm and willingness to co-operate with business interests. All Labor Prime Ministers have at times engendered the hostility of the organisational wing of the party, but none more so than Hawke, who expressed his willingness to cull Labor's "sacred cows". The Socialist Left faction, as well as prominent Labor figure Barry Jones, offered severe criticism of a number of government decisions. This article is about the Australian party faction for the Norwegian political party see Socialist Left Party (Norway The Barry Owen Jones AO (born 11 October 1932, Geelong, Victoria) is a writer lawyer social activist quiz champion and former He has also received criticism for largely siding with the airlines in the 1989 Australian pilots' strike. The 1989 Australian pilots' dispute was one of the most expensive and dramatic industrial disputes in Australia's history

Bob Hawke with first wife (1956-95) Hazel Hawke during his premiership. Hazel Hawke, AO (nee Masterson) (born in Perth, 20 July 1929) is an Australian who has worked in social policy areas however

On social policy, the Hawke government saw gradual reforms. The Whitlam government's universal health insurance system (Medibank), which had been dismantled by Fraser, was restored under a new name, Medicare. A notable success for which the government's response is given considerable credit was Australia's public health campaign about AIDS. This page is about the history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS in Australia ^[7] In the latter years of the Hawke government, Aboriginal affairs saw considerable attention, with an investigation of the idea of a treaty between Aborigines and the government, though this idea was overtaken by events, notably including the Mabo court decision. Mabo v Queensland (No 2 (commonly known as Mabo) was a landmark Australian court case which was decided by the High Court

The Hawke government also made some notable environmental decisions. In its first months in office it stopped the construction of the Franklin Dam, on the Franklin River in Tasmania, responding to a groundswell of protest about the issue. The Franklin Dam or Gordon-below-Franklin Dam project was a proposed dam on the Gordon River in Tasmania, Australia that was never For the Franklin River in British Columbia Canada see Franklin River (Vancouver Island. Tasmania is an Australian island and state of the same name It is located south of the eastern side of the Continent, being separated from it by Bass In 1990, a looming tight election saw a tough political operator, Graham Richardson, appointed Environment Minister, whose task it was to attract second-preference votes from the Australian Democrats and other environmental parties. Graham Frederick Richardson ( 27 September 1949) is a former Australian politician for the Australian Labor Party. The Australian Democrats is an Australian Political party espousing a centrist or Social liberal ideology Richardson claimed this as a major factor in the government's narrow re-election in 1990, Hawke's last triumph.

Decline and fall

Bob Hawke with Labor leader Mark Latham unveil a plaque in 2004 to commemorate the centenary of the Chris Watson Labor government in 1904. Mark William Latham (born 28 February 1961) a former Australian politician was leader of the Federal Parliamentary Australian Labor Party John Christian Watson (9 April 1867 – 18 November 1941 commonly known as Chris Watson, Australian politician was the third Prime Minister of Australia

The late 1980s recession and high interest rates saw the government in considerable electoral trouble. Although Keating was the main architect of the government's economic policies, he took advantage of Hawke's declining popularity to plan a leadership challenge. In 1988 Hawke had responded to pressure from Keating to step down by making a secret agreement (the so-called "Kirribilli agreement" or "Kirribilli accord") to resign in favour of Keating some time after winning the 1990 elections. Kirribilli House is the official Sydney residence of the Australian Prime Minister. After Keating made a speech to the Federal Parliamentary Press Gallery that Hawke considered disloyal, Hawke indicated to Keating that he would renege on the agreement. The Canberra Press Gallery, officially called the Federal Parliamentary Press Gallery, is the name given to the approximately 180 journalists and their support staff including

In June 1991 Keating responded by resigning from Cabinet and challenging for the Labor Party leadership. Hawke defeated Keating's leadership challenge, but he was clearly a wounded leader. Hawke had himself sworn in as Treasurer for one day while he decided between the rival claims of Ralph Willis and John Kerin for the job, eventually choosing Kerin, who proved to be unequal to the job. Ralph Willis (born 14 April 1938) Australian politician was Treasurer for the final years of the Keating Labor Government John Charles Kerin, AM (born 21 November 1937) is an Australian economist and former Labor Politician.

Hawke's demise came when the new Liberal leader, Dr John Hewson, released a proposal for sweeping economic change, including a goods and services tax and deep cuts to government spending and personal income tax, in November 1991. For the English soldier and regicide see John Hewson (regicide. At the time, Australia was the second lowest taxing country in the OECD. Neither Hawke nor his new Treasurer, John Kerin, could mount an effective response to this challenge, and a rattled Labor Party turned to Keating. John Charles Kerin, AM (born 21 November 1937) is an Australian economist and former Labor Politician. At a second challenge, on 20 December 1991, Keating defeated Hawke in a party-room ballot, 56 votes to 51. Events 69 - Vespasian, formerly a general under Nero, enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Hawke resigned from Parliament shortly after, apparently with few regrets, although his bitterness towards Keating surfaced in his memoirs.

In July 1990, Hawke had outstripped Malcolm Fraser to become Australia's second-longest serving Prime Minister. This record has since been overtaken by John Howard. See also Howard Government John Winston Howard AC (born 26 July 1939 was the 25th Prime Minister of Australia from 11 March He remains the Australian Labor Party's longest-serving Prime Minister.

It is also said by a former Tony Blair staffer that UK Labour and Blair learnt from the Hawke government in the 1980s on how to govern when they took power in the UK. Anthony Charles Lynton "Tony" Blair (born 6 May 1953 is a British Politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2 May 1997 to The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the ^[8]

Life after politics

Bob Hawke with second wife (since 1995) Blanche d'Alpuget in 2006. Blanche d'Alpuget is an Australian Novelist and Biographer, and the second wife of former Prime Minister Bob Hawke.

After politics, Hawke entered the business world with considerable success. Hazel Hawke, who for the sake of the Labor cause had put up with the open secret of his relationship with his biographer Blanche d'Alpuget while he was Prime Minister, divorced him, and shortly afterwards he married d'Alpuget. Hazel Hawke, AO (nee Masterson) (born in Perth, 20 July 1929) is an Australian who has worked in social policy areas however Blanche d'Alpuget is an Australian Novelist and Biographer, and the second wife of former Prime Minister Bob Hawke. He had little to do with the Labor Party during Keating's leadership, however he often provided public criticism of the Keating Government. ^[9] He was also reported to have said that then-Liberal leader Alexander Downer would win the next election (a claim he later said was taken out of context). Alexander John Gosse Downer (born 9 September 1951 is an Australian Liberal politician who was Foreign Minister of Australia from March 1996 to December After the election of the Howard Liberal government in 1996 he became a close supporter of Opposition Leader Kim Beazley. See also Howard Government John Winston Howard AC (born 26 July 1939 was the 25th Prime Minister of Australia from 11 March For Kim Beazley's father Kim Beazley senior, see Kim Edward Beazley.

Bob Hawke campaigning in support of Kevin Rudd and Labor for the 2007 federal election with Julie Owens MP for Parramatta at a local retail precinct. Kevin Michael Rudd (born 21 September 1957 is the 26th and current Prime Minister of Australia and federal leader of the Centre-left Australian Labor Federal elections for the Parliament of Australia were held on Saturday 24 November 2007 after a 6-week campaign in which 13 Julie Owens (born 17 October 1958) Australian politician has been an Australian Labor Party member of the Australian House of Representatives The Division of Parramatta is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales.

According to a 28 January 2006 report in the Australian Financial Review, Hawke—who initially made a small fortune from the property market—now focuses almost solely on facilitating business deals in China. Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Australian Financial Review is the leading Business Newspaper in Australia which is published daily from Monday to Saturday in a Tabloid He claimed: "I have the best possible contacts. " Unnamed sources told the newspaper his negotiation and consulting skills have made him "seriously wealthy", possibly worth $50 million. The AFR claimed AMP was set to pay him $30 million in the late 1990s to secure a stake in a Chinese insurer. AMP Limited is an Australian financial corporation It operates primarily in Australia and New Zealand. The deal did not go ahead.

Bob Hawke at Parliament House for the national apology to the Stolen Generations. Parliament House is the meeting place of the Parliament of Australia.

The newspaper claimed Californian prosecutors were eager to interview Hawke over his involvement with Silicon Valley entrepreneur Moses Joseph, who has been arrested and charged with 11 counts of theft, fraud and perjury. It reported:

Mr Hawke agreed to become a shareholder and director in one of Moses Joseph's companies, Powerwan Australia, in September 2004. At the time, Mr Joseph was spruiking plans for affordable broadband internet access using public powerlines here and in China. However, Mr Joseph was arrested eight months later in San Jose, California, for allegedly stealing about $US9 million in a series of scams between 2001 and early 2005. The victims were a group of United States companies including Eastman Kodak and financial institution US Bank.

Mr Hawke told the AFR his involvement with Mr Joseph had been "a mistake of judgement" and said he would be happy to talk to US authorities.

In the run up to the 2007 election, Hawke (at the age of 78) made a considerable personal effort to support the Australian Labor Party's campaign, making speeches at a large number of campaign office openings across Australia. Federal elections for the Parliament of Australia were held on Saturday 24 November 2007 after a 6-week campaign in which 13 As well as campaigning against WorkChoices, Hawke also attacked John Howard's record as Treasurer, stating "it was the judgement of every economist and international financial institution that it was the restructuring reforms undertaken by my government with the full co-operation of the trade union movement which created the strength of the Australian economy today". The Workplace Relations Act 1996 as amended by the Workplace Relations Amendment Act 2005, or WorkChoices, which came into effect in March 2006, was the most See also Howard Government John Winston Howard AC (born 26 July 1939 was the 25th Prime Minister of Australia from 11 March ^[10]

Honours

Bust of Bob Hawke by political cartoonist, caricaturist and sculptor Peter Nicholson located in the Prime Minister's Avenue in the Ballarat Botanical Gardens

Hawke was made a Companion of the Order of Australia in 1979. The Prime Minister's Avenue is a collection of busts of the Prime Ministers of Australia, located at the Ballarat Botanical Gardens in Ballarat Victoria Order of Australia is an order of chivalry established by Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia on 14 February 1975 "for the purpose of according recognition ^[11]

Bob Hawke has received the following honours from academic institutions^[12][13]:

• honorary Fellow - University College of Oxford
• honorary Doctor of Letters - University of Western Australia
• honorary Doctor of Civil Law - Oxford University
• Honorary Doctor of Humanities - Rikkyo University
• other honorary doctoral degrees from Nanjing University, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, University of New South Wales, and the University of South Australia
• The University of South Australia named the Bob Hawke Prime Ministerial Library in his honour. The University of Western Australia (UWA is the oldest university in the state of Western Australia. The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the also known as Saint Paul's University is a prestigious Japanese Christian University in Ikebukuro, Tokyo. Nanjing University ( colloquially 南大 Nándà is a national comprehensive university located in Nanjing, an ancient capital of China. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (האוניברסיטה העברית בירושלים الجامعة العبرية في القدس abbreviated HUJI) is The University of New South Wales, also known as UNSW or colloquially as New South, is a University situated in Kensington, a suburb in The University of South Australia, or UniSA, is a Public university in the Australian state of South Australia. The University of South Australia, or UniSA, is a Public university in the Australian state of South Australia.

References

See also

• First Hawke Ministry
• Second Hawke Ministry
• Third Hawke Ministry
• Fourth Hawke Ministry
• The Accord

External links

• Robert Hawke - Australia's Prime Ministers / National Archives of Australia
• Bob Hawke Prime Ministerial Centre
• Video of Hawke campaigning for McKew in Bennellong in late 2007
• Video of Hawke campaigning for an Australian republic
• Video of Norman Gunston, Gough Whitlam, Bill Hayden and Bob Hawke at 'The Dismissal'

Further reading

• Blanche d'Alpuget (1982). The First Hawke Ministry was the fifty-fifth Australian Commonwealth ministry, and held office from 11 March 1983 to 13 December 1984 The Second Hawke Ministry was the fifty-sixth Australian Commonwealth ministry, and held office from 13 December 1984 to 24 July 1987 The Third Hawke Ministry was the fifty-seventh Australian Commonwealth ministry, and held office from 24 July 1987 to 4 April 1990 The Fourth Hawke Ministry was the fifty-eighth Australian Commonwealth ministry, and held office from 4 April 1990 to 20 December 1991 Robert J Hawke. Schwartz. ISBN 0-86753-001-4.  
• Bob Hawke (1994). The Hawke Memoirs. Heinemann. ISBN 0-85561-502-8.  
• Dean Jaensch (1989). The Hawke-Keating Hijack. Allen and Unwin. ISBN 0-04-370192-2.  
• Stan Anson (1991). Hawke: An Emotional Life. Macphee Gribble. ISBN 0-86914-279-8, 0869141961.  
• Stephen Mills (1993). The Hawke Years. Viking. ISBN 0-670-84563-9.  
• Troy Bramston and Susan Ryan (2003). The Hawke Government : A Critical Retrospective. Pluto. ISBN 1-86403-264-2.