Bob Barr
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Georgia's 7th district
In office January 3, 1995 – January 7, 2003
Preceded by	Buddy Darden
Succeeded by	John Linder
Libertarian nominee for President of the United States
Election date November 4, 2008
Running mate	Wayne Allyn Root
Opponent(s)	John McCain (R-Presumptive) Barack Obama(D-Presumptive) Chuck Baldwin(C) Ralph Nader (I) and numerous others
Incumbent	George W. Bush (R)
Born	November 5, 1948 (1948-11-05) (age 59) Iowa City, Iowa
Political party	Republican (while in office) Libertarian (currently)
Spouse	(m. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule Georgia's 7th congressional district includes all of Barrow and Walton Counties and portions of Forsyth, Gwinnett, and Newton Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Events 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. George Washington "Buddy" Darden III (born November 22, 1943) is an American politician and lawyer John Elmer Linder (born September 9 1942) American politician has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives The Libertarian Party is a United States political party founded on December 11 1971 The United States presidential election of 2008, scheduled for Tuesday November 4 2008 will be the 56th consecutive Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Wayne Allyn Root (born July 20, 1961) is the 2008 United States Libertarian Party vice-presidential nominee John McCain, the senior United States Senator from Arizona, launched his second candidacy for the presidency of the United States Barack Obama, the junior United States Senator from Illinois, announced his candidacy for the presidency of the United States in The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Charles "Chuck" Baldwin (born May 3 1952 is a Pastor of Crossroad Baptist Church in Pensacola, Florida, and 2008 presidential The Constitution Party is a Conservative United States political party. Ralph Nader (born February 27 1934 is an American Attorney, Author, Lecturer, political activist, and independent candidate for President In Politics, an independent is a Politician who is not Affiliated with any Political party. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Iowa City is a city in Johnson County, Iowa, United States. It is the principal city of the Iowa City Iowa Metropolitan Statistical Area which The Libertarian Party is a United States political party founded on December 11 1971 ~1970,[1] div. 1976)[2] Gail Barr (m. 1976, div. 1986)[2] Jeri (Dobbin) Barr (m. 1986)[2]
Children	4[3][4]
Religion	Methodist[4]

Robert Laurence "Bob" Barr, Jr. Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations ^[5] (born November 5, 1948) is the Libertarian Party nominee for President of the United States in the 2008 election. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Libertarian Party is a United States political party founded on December 11 1971 The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by The United States presidential election of 2008, scheduled for Tuesday November 4 2008 will be the 56th consecutive ^[6] He is an American attorney and former member of the United States House of Representatives. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. ^[7] He represented Georgia's 7th congressional district as a Republican from 1995 to 2003. Georgia's 7th congressional district includes all of Barrow and Walton Counties and portions of Forsyth, Gwinnett, and Newton ^[7][8]

Barr attained national prominence as one of the leaders of the impeachment of President Bill Clinton. Former President of the United States Bill Clinton was impeached by the House of Representatives on December 19, 1998 William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States ^[7] Barr joined the Libertarian Party in 2006,^[9] and until May 2008 served on its National Committee. The Libertarian National Committee controls and manages the affairs properties and funds of the United States Libertarian Party. ^[10]

Contents 1 Early life 1.1 Early career 2 Congressional career 2.1 Political positions in Congress 2.1.1 War on drugs 2.1.2 Same-sex marriage 2.1.3 Terrorism 2.1.4 War in Iraq 2.1.5 Religious freedom 2.1.6 Economic freedom 2.2 Waco Hearings 2.3 Role in Clinton impeachment 3 Criticism of Bush Administration 3.1 Departure from Republican Party 4 Political associations 4.1 Libertarian Party 4.2 Marijuana Policy Project 4.3 American Freedom Agenda 5 Other activities 5.1 Publications and commentary 6 2008 presidential campaign 7 References 8 External links

Early life

Barr was born on November 5, 1948, in Iowa City, Iowa^[7] to Bob and Beatrice Barr. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Iowa City is a city in Johnson County, Iowa, United States. It is the principal city of the Iowa City Iowa Metropolitan Statistical Area which ^[1] His father, a West Point soldier,^[1][11] moved the family to various wordly locations while pursing his career in civil engineering. "USMA" redirects here For other uses see USMA (disambiguation The United States Military Academy (also known as USMA, Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design construction and maintenance of the physical and naturally built ^[1][12] The second of six children, Bob Jr. spent his boyhood in Malaysia, Pakistan, Panama, and finally Tehran, Iran where he graduated from Community High School in 1966. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Panama, officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá) is the southernmost country of Central America. Tehran (or Teheran) ( Persian: تهران Tehrān) is the capital and largest City of Iran, and the administrative center of The Community High School was originally founded as a Boarding school for the children of Presbyterian Missionaries from the United States ^[1][7][12]

Barr returned to the United States, attending the University of Southern California and joining the Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity in 1967 (where as of 2008 he holds the position of Grand Histor). The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The University of Southern California (commonly referred to as USC, SC, Southern California, and incorrectly Tau Kappa Epsilon ( ΤΚΕ or Teke, pronounced T-K-E or ˈtiːk as in Teak wood is a College fraternity founded on January 10th 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common ^[13] Barr also joined the Young Democrats of America, and rallied against the Vietnam War. The Young Democrats of America (YDA founded in 1932 is the unofficial youth arm of the Democratic Party of the United States, although it severed official Opposition to US involvement in the Vietnam War is significant because domestic protest in the U ^[12] His parents disapproved, and threatened to cut off financial support if he continued his "flaming liberal" activities. Modern liberalism in the United States, also referred to as American liberalism, is a political ideology that seeks to use the power of the state to effect change upon society ^[1][2] During this time, Barr's mother introduced him to the work of Ayn Rand. Ayn Rand (ˈaɪn ˈrænd &ndash March 6 1982 born Alisa Zinov'yevna Rosenbaum (Алиса Зиновьевна Розенбаум was a Russian born American ^[1][12] This fostered a new-found appreciation for conservativism, and prompted Barr to join the Young Trojan Republican Club. Conservatism in the United States includes a variety of political ideologies including Fiscal conservatism, Supply-side economics, Social conservatism The oldest Young Republican club in the country is the New York Young Republican Club in New York City. ^[1][12] Barr completed his B.A., cum laude,^[14] from University of Southern California in 1970. Latin honors are Latin phrases used to indicate the level of academic distinction with which an Academic degree was earned ^[7]

Early career

Barr later earned his M.A. from George Washington University in 1972, and his J.D. from Georgetown University Law Center in 1977. A Master of Arts ( Latin: Magister Artium) is a Postgraduate academic Master's degree awarded by universities in a large The George Washington University ( GW or GWU) is a private coeducational university located in Washington D Juris Doctor (abbreviated JD or JD, from the Latin, Teacher of Law) is a first professional graduate degree and Professional Georgetown University Law Center ( Georgetown Law) is Georgetown University 's Law school, located in Washington D ^[7] From 1970 to 1978, Barr was employed by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). near as long as it used to be several months ago It has been actively summarized and split into sub-articles and there is a dynamic talk page discussion of all ^[7]

After leaving the CIA, Barr moved to Georgia, where he practiced law and became active in the Republican Party. The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule ^[2] Barr made an unsuccessful bid for the Georgia House of Representatives in 1984. The Georgia House of Representatives is the Lower house of the Georgia General Assembly (the state Legislature) of Georgia ^[2] In 1986, Barr was appointed by President Ronald Reagan^[8] to serve as U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Georgia -- a post Barr held until 1990. The United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia serves the residents of forty-six counties ^[7] Barr's office prosecuted state and local officials, members of the Medellin drug cartel and got a perjury indictment on then-sitting Republican Congressman Pat Swindall. The Medellín Cartel was an organized network of drug smugglers ( Drug cartel) originating in the city of Medellín in Colombia and operating Perjury, also known as forswearing, is the act of lying or making verifiably false statements on a material matter under Oath or Affirmation in a Patrick Lynn Swindall Sr (b October 18, 1950) is an American politician ^[15], who ultimately served a year in prison on the charges. From 1990 to 1991, Barr was president of the Southeastern Legal Foundation,^[7] an Atlanta-based law firm and policy center that litigates in support of "limited government, individual economic freedom, and the free enterprise system". Limited Government is a government structure where any more than minimal governmental intervention in personal liberties and the economy is not usually allowed by Law, usually Economic freedom is freedom to produce trade and consume any goods and services acquired without the use of force fraud or theft Capitalism is the Economic system in which the Means of production are owned by private Persons and operated for Profit and where ^[16]

Congressional career

Barr sought the Republican Party nomination for U.S. Senate in 1992, but lost the primary election to Paul Coverdell. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives A primary election ( nominating primary) also referred to simply as a primary, is an election in which voters in a Jurisdiction select candidates Paul Douglas Coverdell ( January 20, 1939 – July 18, 2000) was a United States Senator from Georgia, elected for the first ^[17] The primary was very close, with Barr losing by fewer than 1,600 votes in a runoff election. The two-round system (also known as the second ballot or runoff voting) is a Voting system used to elect a single winner ^[17]

Barr was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1994 as a Republican, upsetting six-term Democrat Buddy Darden, to represent Georgia's 7th congressional district in the 104th United States Congress. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. George Washington "Buddy" Darden III (born November 22, 1943) is an American politician and lawyer Georgia's 7th congressional district includes all of Barrow and Walton Counties and portions of Forsyth, Gwinnett, and Newton Barr was one of 73 Republican freshmen ushered into Congress by that election. ^[18] The election became known as the "Republican Revolution" because it resulted in the first Republican House majority in 40 years -- since the 1955 adjournment of the 83rd Congress. The term can also refer to the 1911 Xinhai Revolution that led to the establishment of the Republic of China. The 'Eighty-third United States Congress' was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government composed of the United States Senate and the United ^[19][20]

Barr was later re-elected three times, serving from 1995 to 2003. ^[7] While in Congress, Barr served as a senior member of the Judiciary Committee, as Vice-Chairman of the Government Reform Committee, and as a member of the Committee of Financial Services. United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary US House Committee on the Judiciary, or (more commonly the House Judiciary Committee, is a Standing committee of The Committee on Oversight and Government Reform is a United States House of Representatives committee that has existed in varying forms since 1816 The United States House Committee on Financial Services (or House Banking Committee) oversees the entire financial services industry including the securities insurance banking ^[4][8][14]

Georgia's congressional districts were reorganized by the Democrat-controlled Georgia legislature ahead of the 2002 elections for the 108th Congress. After the 2000 Census, the State of Georgia was divided into 13 Congressional Districts, increasing from 11 due to reapportionment. Redistricting, a form of redistribution, is the process of changing of political Borders in the United States The Georgia General Assembly is the state legislature of the U Elections for the United States House of Representatives on 5 November 2002 was in the middle of President George W ^[21] The majority of the new district 7 was composed of regions formerly associated with district 11, then represented by Republican John Linder. Georgia's 11th congressional district is a political unit of the United States of America. John Elmer Linder (born September 9 1942) American politician has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives Much to the Democrats' delight, this redistricting led Barr to challenge Linder for district 7 representation. ^[22] This was pleasing to Georgia Democrats, including then governor Roy Barnes, because it meant the inevitable defeat of an incumbent Republican (i. Roy Eugene Barnes (born March 11 1948) was the Governor of the U e. , either Barr or Linder). ^[22] Recognizing Barr's precarious situation, the Libertarian Party seized on the opportunity to oust one of the federal drug war's most vocal proponents (Barr), and ran TV ads criticizing Barr's opposition to medical marijuana. The Libertarian Party is a United States political party founded on December 11 1971 The War on Drugs is a prohibition campaign undertaken by the United States government with the assistance of participating countries intended to reduce the Illegal Medical cannabis refers to the use of the Cannabis plant as a physician-recommended Herbal therapy as well as synthetic THC and Cannabinoids ^[23] Barr was soundly defeated by a 2-to-1 margin. ^[23] The extent to which the issue of medical marijuana shaped the election is unclear. Some have argued that Barr's huge loss simply reflected the nature of the new 7th district, which was primarly redrawn from Linder's old 11th district. ^[21] However, before the medical marijuana ads were aired,^[23] the Linder campaign acknowledged the race as being tight;^[24] and Pat Gartland, southeastern director of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, saw the race as "too close to call". The United States Chamber of Commerce (USCC is the world's largest not-for-profit business federation representing 3000000 businesses (via its Federation of local chambers ^[22]

Barr's defeat was applauded by many Democrats and Libertarians. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Rob Kampia of the Marijuana Policy Project called it "glorious news". The Marijuana Policy Project, or MPP, is an organization in the United States whose stated aim is to minimize the harm associated with cannabis MPP advocates ^[25] Ron Crickenberger, producer of the TV ads, was quick to warn other drug warriors:

With this victory, we have fired a warning shot for every drug warrior in Congress to hear. And any member of Congress -- Democrat or Republican -- who introduces legislation to make federal drug laws even more oppressive could be next on our list.

—Ron Crickenberger, Libertarian Party Political Director, August 2002^[23]

However, some individuals within these groups lamented Barr's defeat as a setback for privacy rights,^[26] and libertarian causes in general. Privacy is the ability of an individual or group to seclude themselves or information about themselves and thereby reveal themselves selectively ^[24] Libertarian J. Bradley Jansen put it bluntly:

The LP has a historic opportunity to present itself as a viable alternative to the big parties, instead of spending its money and energy trying to defeat one of libertarianism's few friends in Congress just because they disagree with him on one issue.

—J. Bradley Jansen, vice chair of the Libertarian Party in the District of Columbia, Liberty (August 2002)^[24]

As of 2008, Barr has not made any additional bids for a congressional seat.

Political positions in Congress

During his tenure, Barr was regarded as one of the most conservative members of Congress. Conservatism in the United States includes a variety of political ideologies including Fiscal conservatism, Supply-side economics, Social conservatism ^[27] In 2002, he was described as "the idol of the gun-toting, abortion-fighting, IRS-hating hard right wing of American politics". An The In Politics, right-wing, the political right, and the Right are positions that uphold traditional values and/or authorities Politics of the United States takes place in the framework of a presidential, Federal republic where the President of the United States (the Head of ^[22] However, Barr's criticism of the Bush administration's policies on privacy and other civil liberties after the 9/11 attacks was unusual among House Republicans (see Criticism of Bush Administration below). The Presidency of George W Bush began on his inauguration on January 20, 2001 as the 43rd and current President of the United States of America thumb| |Broken Liberty Istanbul Archaeology Museum Civil liberties are freedoms that protect the Individual from the Government. Robert Laurence "Bob" Barr Jr (born ^[22] This criticism earned Barr other labels such as maverick,^[22] Jekyll-and-Hyde,^[28] and libertarian. Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is a Novella written by the Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson and first published in 1886 ^[24]

War on drugs

Barr was a strong supporter of the War on Drugs, reflecting his previous experience as an Anti-Drug Coordinator for the Department of Justice. The War on Drugs is a prohibition campaign undertaken by the United States government with the assistance of participating countries intended to reduce the Illegal For animal rights group see Justice Department (JD The United States Department of Justice ( DOJ) is a Cabinet department ^[7] While in Congress, he was a member of the Speaker's Task Force for a Drug-Free America. The Speaker of the United States House of Representatives is the presiding officer&mdashor speaker &mdashof the United States House of Representatives. ^[28] This task force was established in 1998 by then-Speaker Newt Gingrich to "design a World War II-style victory plan to save America's children from illegal drugs. Newton "Newt" Leroy Gingrich, (born Newton Leroy McPherson on June 17, 1943) is an American politician and author who served as the Speaker World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including "^[29] The task force crafted legislation specifically designed to "win the War on Drugs by 2002". ^[29]

“	There is no legitimate use whatsoever for marijuana. This is not medicine. This is bogus witchcraft. Witchcraft, in various historical anthropological religious and mythological contexts is the use of certain kinds of Supernatural or magical powers It has no place in medicine, no place in pain relief. . .	”
—Bob Barr, May 13 2002[30]

Barr advocated complete federal prohibition of medical marijuana. The prohibition of drugs through sumptuary Legislation or Religious law is a common means of attempting to control Drug use and the Medical cannabis refers to the use of the Cannabis plant as a physician-recommended Herbal therapy as well as synthetic THC and Cannabinoids In 1998, He successfully blocked implementation of Initiative 59 -- the "Legalization of Marijuana for Medical Treatment Initiative of 1998" -- which would have legalized medical marijuana in the District of Columbia (DC). Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D ^[31] The "Barr Amendment" to the 1999 Omnibus spending bill not only blocked implementation of Initiative 59 but prohibited the vote tally from even being released. An omnibus spending bill is a bill that sets the Budget of many departments of the United States government at once ^[31][32] Nearly a year passed before a lawsuit filed by the American Civil Liberties Union eventually revealed the initiative had received 69 percent of the vote. The American Civil Liberties Union ( ACLU) consists of two separate Non-profit organizations the ACLU Foundation a 501(c(3 organization which focuses ^[33] In response to the judge's ruling, Barr simply attached another "Barr Amendment" to the 2000 Omnibus spending bill that overturned Intiative 59 outright. ^[34] The Barr Ammendment also prohibited future laws that would "decrease the penalties for marijuana or other Schedule I drugs" in Washington, DC. This is a list of Schedule I drugs under the Controlled Substances Act for the United States. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D ^[35] This preemptively blocked future attempts by Marijuana Policy Project (MPP) to reform marijuana laws in DC via the initiative process. The Marijuana Policy Project, or MPP, is an organization in the United States whose stated aim is to minimize the harm associated with cannabis MPP advocates In Political science, the initiative (also known as popular or citizen's initiative) provides a means by which a Petition signed by a certain ^[35] In March 2002, U. March 2002: January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September S. District Judge Emmet Sullivan struck down this portion of the Barr Amendment as being an unconstitutional restriction on free speech. ^[35][36] Barr's response to the ruling was defiant:

Clearly, the court today has ignored the constitutional right and responsibility of Congress to pass laws protecting citizens from dangerous and addictive narcotics, and the right of Congress to exert legislative control over the District of Columbia as the nation's capital. The term narcotic (ναρκωτικός is believed to have been coined by the Greek physician Galen to refer to agents that benumb or deaden causing loss Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D

—Bob Barr, March 28 2002^[37]

The federal government later prevailed on appeal,^[38] reinstating the Barr Amendment just in time to thwart MPP's initiative 63 -- "The Medical Marijuana Initiative of 2002" -- which had already qualified for the November 2002 ballot. November 2002: January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - ^[39][40] As of 2007, the Barr Amendment remains in effect, and Initiative 63 remains in limbo -- technically ready to appear on the next DC election ballot when and if the Barr Amendment is ever repealed. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ^[39][41]

Barr would later reverse his position on medical marijuana, actually joining MPP as a lobbyist five years later (see Marijuana Policy Project in Political associations below). Lobbying in the United States targets the United States Senate, the United States House of Representatives, and state legislatures Lobbyists may also represent Robert Laurence "Bob" Barr Jr (born In an interview with Stephen Colbert on the Colbert Report on June 4, 2008, Barr confirmed that he now supports ending marijuana prohibition, as well as the War on Drugs he once fought vehemently for. Stephen Tyrone Colbert ( born May 13 1964 is an American Comedian, satirist, Actor and Writer, known for his ironic style The Colbert Report (/kolˈbɛr rəˈpɔr/&mdashthe t is silent in "Colbert" is a Peabody Award and Emmy Award winning American Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common ^[42]

Same-sex marriage

Barr took a lead in legislative debate concerning same-sex marriage. Same-sex marriage (also referred to as gay marriage) is a term for a legally or Socially recognized Marriage between two people of the same He authored and sponsored the Defense of Marriage Act, a law enacted in 1996 which states that only marriages that are between a man and a woman can be federally recognized, and individual states may choose not to recognize a same-sex marriage performed in another state. The Defense of Marriage Act, or DOMA, is the short title of a Federal law of the United States passed on September 21 1996 as Public Law No ^[43] At the 2008 Libertarian National Convention, he apologized for the part of the Defense of Marriage Act which prevents the federal government from recognizing same-sex marriages. ^[44]

However, he opposes the Federal Marriage Amendment, contending it is a violation of states' rights. The Federal Marriage Amendment (FMA (also referred to by proponents as the Marriage Protection Amendment) is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution States' rights refers to the idea in US politics and constitutional law, that U ^[45]

Terrorism

He voted for the Patriot Act, but only after his amendments adding "sunset clauses" were added to the final bill. The USA PATRIOT Act, commonly known as the Patriot Act, is a controversial Act of Congress that U In Public policy, a sunset provision or sunset clause is a provision in a Statute or Regulation that terminates or repeals all or portions of ^[46][47] Barr played a similar role during the debate over Bill Clinton's Comprehensive Anti-terrorism Act of 1995, crafting pro-civil liberties amendments to the original text. ^[48] He now publicly regrets his Patriot Act vote. ^[27][49]

War in Iraq

In 2002 Barr, like all but six Republicans in the House of Representatives, voted for the Iraq Resolution in 2002. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. " Iraq Resolution " and " Iraq War Resolution " are popular names for the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002 ^[50] He has since called for withdrawal of U. S. forces from Iraq, leaving no permanent military bases. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. A press release from Barr's presidential campaign stated: "The next president should commit to a speedy and complete withdrawal from Iraq, and tell the Iraqi people that the U. S. troops will be going home. "^[51]

Religious freedom

In Congress, he also controversially proposed that the Pentagon ban the practice of Wicca in the military. The Pentagon is the Headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, located in Arlington County, Virginia. ^[27][52]

Economic freedom

Barr advocates the repeal of the 16th Amendment, which gives the U. The S. Congress the power to levy an income tax without apportionment. As an alternative, he proposes a form of consumption tax, such as the Fair Tax. A consumption tax is a Tax on the income or expenditure for goods and services The FairTax is a proposed change to the federal tax laws of the United States that would replace all federal income taxes with a single national retail ^[53]

Waco Hearings

Barr was an "effective" questioner of government witnesses during the 1995 House Waco siege hearings on the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives and Federal Bureau of Investigation actions against the Branch Davidians in 1993, sponsored by subcomittees of the House Judiciary Committee and Government Reform and Oversight Committee. The Waco Siege (also known as the Waco Massacre) took place on February 28 The Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco Firearms and Explosives (abbreviated ATF) is a specialized federal law enforcement and regulatory organization within the United The Branch Davidians are a Sect that originated from a schism in 1955 from the Davidian Seventh Day Adventists, themselves former members of the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary US House Committee on the Judiciary, or (more commonly the House Judiciary Committee, is a Standing committee of The Committee on Oversight and Government Reform is a United States House of Representatives committee that has existed in varying forms since 1816 ^[54] Barr has written: “The hearing, was a farce: a virtual lovefest, during which members of the Clinton Administration responded to softball questions from their colleagues in the House with superficial answers, and Republican queries were ignored or glossed over with disdain, if not outright contempt. ”^[55] Barr called for Congress to reopen investigations, but senior House Republicans refused. ^[56] In 2003 testimony submitted to the U. S. Senate Judiciary Committee Barr wrote: “[T]here remains time to turn back the constitutional clock and roll back excessive post-9/11 powers before we turn the corner into another Japanese internment or, closer to our own experiences, before we witness a legally sanctioned Ruby Ridge or Waco scenario. The United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary (informally Senate Judiciary Committee) is a Standing committee of the United States Senate, the Japanese American internment refers to the forcible relocation and Internment of approximately 110000 Japanese nationals and Japanese Americans to housing Ruby Ridge was the site in Idaho of a violent confrontation and Siege in 1992, involving Randy Weaver, his family Weaver's friend Kevin Harris federal ”^[57]

Role in Clinton impeachment

Barr is best known for his role as one of the House managers during the Clinton impeachment trial. Former President of the United States Bill Clinton was impeached by the House of Representatives on December 19, 1998 It was Barr who first introduced a resolution directing Judiciary Committee to inquire into impeachment proceedings^[58] — months before the Monica Lewinsky scandal came to light. Monica Samille Lewinsky (born July 23, 1973) is an American woman with whom then- United States President Bill Clinton admitted to The Lewinsky scandal was a political Sex scandal emerging from a sexual relationship between United States President Bill Clinton and a then Chief among the concerns Barr cited at the time was apparent obstruction of Justice Department investigations into Clinton campaign fundraising from foreign sources, chiefly China. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National ^[59]

In 1999, during Clinton's impeachment trial, Hustler publisher Larry Flynt offered money to anyone who could provide evidence that a prominent Republican had engaged in an extramarital affair. Hustler is a monthly pornographic Magazine aimed at heterosexual men and published in the United States. Larry Claxton Flynt Jr (born November 1, 1942) is an American Publisher and the head of Larry Flynt Publications (LFP According to the American Journalism Review, "Barr was one of 13 House Republicans chosen to act as prosecutors in Clinton's Senate trial. The American Journalism Review is a US Magazine covering topics in Journalism. Barr, Flynt's investigators found, 'was guilty of king-size hypocrisy': An outspoken foe of abortion, the Georgia lawmaker had acquiesced to his then-wife having an abortion in 1983. ^[2] He had also invoked a legal privilege during his 1985 divorce proceeding so he could refuse to answer questions on whether he'd cheated on his second wife with the woman who is now his third. "^[2][60]

Criticism of Bush Administration

“	A man faithful to the Constitution doesn't stop criticizing presidents when the letter after their names change. The Constitution of the United States of America is the supreme Law of the United States. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by	”
—Bob Barr, 2007[46]

Since leaving Congress in 2003, Barr has become a vocal opponent of the Patriot Act and has stated that he regrets voting for it, claiming that the Bush Administration has used it to further erode due process even in matters unrelated to terrorism. Due process (more fully due process of law) is the principle that a person has a right to receive notice and be heard in an orderly proceeding in order to protect his or her Terrorism is the systematic use of terror especially as a means of coercion He claims that the Clinton administration did much of the same thing. ^[27] In 2005 — the year the Patriot Act was due for renewal — Barr helped found an organization called Patriots to Restore Checks and Balances, a bipartisan group dedicated to eliminating aspects of the Patriot Act that could potentially affect law-abiding citizens rather than terrorists, and to "restore traditional checks and balances on government power so the country can effectively fight terror without sacrificing the rights of innocent Americans, rights that are guaranteed by the Constitution. "^[61] Barr still serves as the group's chairman.

Barr has been a vocal opponent of President George W. Bush's claim of authorization to wiretap transnational phone calls without individual judicial license. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. The NSA warrantless surveillance controversy concerns Surveillance of persons within the United States incident to the collection of Foreign intelligence by the He has said, "What’s wrong with it is several-fold. One, it’s bad policy for our government to be spying on American citizens through the National Security Agency. The National Security Agency/ Central Security Service ( NSA/CSS) is a cryptologic intelligence agency of the United States government Secondly, it’s bad to be spying on Americans without court oversight. And thirdly, it’s bad to be spying on Americans apparently in violation of federal laws against doing it without court order. "

In 2006 he debated the architect of the PATRIOT Act, Viet Dinh, on terrorism and privacy issues. Viet D Dinh (Đinh Đồng Phụng Việt born February 22, 1968) is a lawyer who served as the Assistant Attorney General of Terrorism is the systematic use of terror especially as a means of coercion Privacy is the ability of an individual or group to seclude themselves or information about themselves and thereby reveal themselves selectively ^[62]

Departure from Republican Party

In the 2004 Presidential election, Barr abandoned the Republican Party and publicly endorsed the Libertarian Party presidential nominee Michael Badnarik. The United States presidential election of 2004 was held on Tuesday November 2, 2004, to elect the President of the United States. Michael J Badnarik (born August 1, 1954) is an American software engineer, political figure and Radio talk show host ^[63][64]

Political associations

Barr sat on the Board of Directors of the National Rifle Association from 2001 to 2007. The National Rifle Association, or NRA, is a non-profit ( 501(c(4) group dedicated to the protection of the Second Amendment of the ^[65]

More recently, Barr has become a prominent member of the American Civil Liberties Union, sometimes doing paid consulting on privacy issues. The American Civil Liberties Union ( ACLU) consists of two separate Non-profit organizations the ACLU Foundation a 501(c(3 organization which focuses ^[66]

Barr is a commentator on political and social issues and is chairman of the American Conservative Union Foundation's '21st Century Center for Privacy and Freedom'. The American Conservative Union ( ACU) is an American political organization advocating conservative policies. ^[67]

In January 2006, to emphasize the bipartisan nature of the event, Barr planned on introducing Al Gore at a speech co-sponsored by the Liberty Coalition and the American Constitution Society for Law and Policy to address what they called the "NSA Spying Scandal", in which Gore compared warrantless wiretapping to the FBI's surveillance of Martin Luther King, Jr.^[68]

Libertarian Party

On December 12, 2006, Barr became a regional representative on the Libertarian National Committee, representing the Party's Southeast Region. In a Two-party system (such as in the United States) bipartisan refers to any bill, act, resolution, or any other action of a Albert Arnold Gore Jr (born March 31 1948 is an American environmental Activist, author Businessperson, former Politician, and former The Liberty Coalition is a Non-profit organization based in Washington D The American Constitution Society for Law and Policy ( ACS) is an organization of lawyers and law students in the United States that promotes The NSA warrantless surveillance controversy concerns Surveillance of persons within the United States incident to the collection of Foreign intelligence by the Martin Luther King Jr ( January 15, 1929 April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, Activist and prominent leader Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Libertarian National Committee controls and manages the affairs properties and funds of the United States Libertarian Party. Barr said: "I'm happy to announce that I am now a proud, card-carrying Libertarian who is committed to helping elect leaders who will strive for smaller government, lower taxes and abundant individual freedom. "^[10]

Marijuana Policy Project

“	Regarding the drug war, I've been there, done that, and know firsthand our current strategy is not working. Continuing to have the federal government run roughshod over the states, even if the citizens of a state decide they wish to legalize medicinal marijuana, for example, is wrong.	”
—Bob Barr, May 22 2008[69]

In Congress, Barr's strong stance against medical marijuana put him at odds with marijuana policy reformers such as the Marijuana Policy Project (MPP) (see War on Drugs in Congressional career above). Medical cannabis refers to the use of the Cannabis plant as a physician-recommended Herbal therapy as well as synthetic THC and Cannabinoids The Marijuana Policy Project, or MPP, is an organization in the United States whose stated aim is to minimize the harm associated with cannabis MPP advocates Robert Laurence "Bob" Barr Jr (born Despite this historic antagonism, in March 2007, Barr reversed his stance on medical marijuana and began lobbying on behalf of MPP. ^[70][71][72] Incredibly, this new partnership saw Barr working to repeal his very own "Barr Amendment" -- the amendment that overturned a voter-approved medical marijuana initiative in Washington, D.C.,^[69][70][71] and prohibits consideration of similar initatives. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D ^[41]

Barr has been careful to note that he isn't pro-drug, but rather against government intrusion. ^[70] In interviews he has expressed the nuanced position of simultaneously opposing legalization, yet advocating the federalist ideals of State legislation and enforcement over Federal control. Federalism in the United States is the evolving relationship between U ^[73][74]

Barr's reversal on drug policy surprised many, and perhaps none more so than MPP. ^[72] Nonetheless, Barr's new-found appreciation for harm reduction was heartily welcomed:

It's very rare to find someone who's willing to change their position and then be so public about it. Harm reduction is a Philosophy of Public health, intended to be a progressive alternative to the prohibition of certain potentially dangerous [Barr has] definitely increased the credibility of the Marijuana Policy Project. People have to take us seriously when we walk through the door with Bob Barr.

—Rob Kampia, Executive Director, Marijuana Policy Project, May 2008^[69]

American Freedom Agenda

Barr is one of the four founders of the American Freedom Agenda, which is described as "a coalition established to restore checks and balances and civil liberties protections under assault by the executive branch. Rob Kampia is co-founder and executive director of the Marijuana Policy Project, the largest 501(c(4 Nonprofit organization The American Freedom Agenda ( AFA) is an American organization established in March 2007 which represents disaffected conservatives who are demanding the " The American Freedom Agenda has established a 10-point Freedom Pledge for presidential candidates to confirm their commitment to civil liberties. ^[75] He is also a member of the Constitution Project's bipartisan Liberty and Security Committee. The Constitution Project is an independent Nonprofit Think tank in the United States that builds Bipartisan consensus on significant ^[76]

Other activities

In Spring 2008, Barr became an adjunct professor at Kennesaw State University and was scheduled to teach a course on privacy rights titled "Privacy and Public Policy in 21st Century Business and Society. The meaning of the word professor ( Latin: professor, person who professes to be an expert in some art or science teacher of highest rank) varies Kennesaw State University, also referred to as KSU or Kennesaw State, is a Public, Coeducational, Comprehensive University "^[77]

Barr appeared in the mock documentary Borat! Cultural Learnings of America for Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan. Mockumentary (also known as a pseudo-documentary) a Portmanteau of Mock and documentary, is a film and TV Genre, or a single work Borat Cultural Learnings of America for Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan is a 2006 He met with "Borat" (portrayed by Sacha Baron Cohen) in the United States Capitol where he was given cheese that Borat described as being made from his wife's breast milk. Sacha Noam Baron Cohen (born 13 October 1971 is a British Jewish Comedian, Writer and Golden Globe -winning Actor most noted ^[78]

Publications and commentary

Barr authored the 2004 book The Meaning of Is: The Squandered Impeachment and Wasted Legacy of William Jefferson Clinton (ISBN 978-0974537627)

He briefly wrote a regular column for Creative Loafing Atlanta, an alternative weekly newspaper serving the Atlanta, metropolitan area. Creative Loafing is a US Alternative weekly newspaper serving the Atlanta, metropolitan area covering local news arts entertainment An alternative newspaper is a type of Newspaper that eschews comprehensive coverage of general news in favor of opinionated Reviews and columns ^[27][79]

In 2008, in his column "The Barr Code", he lambasted the new policy of Boston police of allowing warrantless search for firearms in teenagers' homes. ^[80]

Barr hosts a political talk radio show on Radio America called Bob Barr's Laws of the Universe^[81], on which he has had guests including Trent Lott, Tom DeLay, Oliver North, and Robert Bork. Radio America is an American Radio network specializing in conservative -oriented talk programming. Chester Trent Lott Sr (born October 9, 1941) is a former United States Senator from Mississippi and a member of the Republican Party Thomas Dale DeLay (born April 8 1947 is a former member of the United States House of Representatives from Sugar Land, Texas. Oliver Laurence North (born October 7 1943 in San Antonio Texas) is an American best known for his involvement in the Iran-Contra Affair. Robert Heron Bork (born March 1, 1927) is a conservative American legal scholar who advocates the judicial philosophy of Originalism. His first "law of the Universe" is that "the world is full of idiots", and he features an "Idiot of the Week" on his show, along with a top ten of "Idiots of the Year" selected from the Idiots of the Week. Idiot is a word derived from the Greek, idiōtēs ("person lacking professional skill" "a private citizen" "individual" from

2008 presidential campaign

Main article: Bob Barr presidential campaign, 2008

In early 2008, rumors circulated that Barr was considering a presidential run under the Libertarian Party banner. Former Republican Congressman Bob Barr of Georgia announced his candidacy for the Libertarian Party 's nomination for President The Libertarian Party is a United States political party founded on December 11 1971 Activists began a Facebook group dedicated to drafting Barr into the nomination contest,^[82] and Barr later confirmed his interest. Facebook is a social networking Website launched on February 4 2004 In Elections in the United States, political drafts are used to encourage or compel a certain person to enter a political race by demonstrating a significant groundswell of ^[83] He launched a presidential exploratory committee and campaign website on April 5, 2008,^[84] and formally announced his candidacy for the Libertarian nomination on May 12, 2008. In the Election politics of the United States, an exploratory committee is an organization established to help determine whether a potential candidate should run for Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common ^[85][86] His announcement came a mere 10 days before the start of the Libertarian Party Convention, where delegates select the presidential candidate. The 2008 Libertarian National Convention was held from May 22 to May 26 2008 at the Sheraton Hotel (formerly the Adam's Mark Hotel in Denver Colorado ^[87]

Following his announcement, Rasmussen Reports had Barr polling at 6% nationwide against Barack Obama (42%), John McCain (38%), and Ralph Nader (4%). Rasmussen Reports is an American public opinion polling firm Founded by pollster Scott Rasmussen, co-founder of ESPN and Evangelical Christian Ralph Nader (born February 27 1934 is an American Attorney, Author, Lecturer, political activist, and independent candidate for President ^[88] The study identified Barr as the Libertarian candidate, but most voters said they didn't know enough about him to have an opinion of him personally. ^[88] Barr's support is a net drain on Republicans; he picked up 7% of the Republican vote, 5% of the Democratic vote, and 5% of the unaffiliated vote. ^[88]

On May 25, 2008 Barr became the 2008 Libertarian Presidential Nominee after six rounds of voting at the 2008 Libertarian convention. Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common He beat Mary Ruwart in the final round of voting, with 324 delegates to Ruwart's 276, with 26 other NOTA (none of the above) votes. Mary J Ruwart Ph D (born October 16 1949 is a Libertarian speaker writer activist and was a leading candidate for the 2008 Libertarian Party presidential None of the Above ( NOTA) or against all is a Ballot choice in some Jurisdictions or Organizations placed so as to allow the ^[89]

On June 4, 2008, Barr invited the Republican Party's presumptive presidential nominee, John McCain, and the Democratic Party's presumptive presidential nominee, Barack Obama, to weekly presidential debates through an official press release. During presidential elections in the United States, it has become customary for the main candidates ^[90]

References

External links

• Barr's Official personal website
• Liberty Strategies Barr's consulting firm
• Bob Barr at the Open Directory Project

Presidential campaign

• Official 2008 Presidential Campaign website
• Candidate profile at Project Vote Smart
• Issue positions and quotes at OnTheIssues. Yahoo! News is an Internet -based News aggregator provided by Yahoo!. The Open Directory Project ( ODP) also known as dmoz (from directory Project Vote Smart ( PVS) is a Non-profit, Non-partisan research organization that collects and distributes information on candidates for public office in org
• Campaign contributions of The Bob Barr Leadership Fund from the FEC
• Bob Barr, "Why I Want to be President" at Reason. tv
• Presidential campaign FEC disclosure report

Congress

• Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• Voting record maintained by The Washington Post
• Campaign finance reports and data at the Federal Election Commission
• Campaign contributions at OpenSecrets.org
• Biography, voting record, and interest group ratings at Project Vote Smart
• Issue positions and quotes at On The Issues

Writings

• The Barr Code archives of his columns from The Atlanta Journal-Constitution (2008)
• Bob Barr column archives at the American Conservative Union (2003-2007)
• Bob Barr's blog at The Huffington Post (2005-2006)
• The FBI's Pre-Emptive Interrogations Of "Possible" Demonstrators — Article by Barr on FindLaw, August 25, 2004

Party political offices
Preceded by Michael Badnarik	Libertarian Party Presidential candidate 2008	Succeeded by Most recent
Preceded by Buddy Darden	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Georgia's 7th congressional district January 3, 1995 — January 3, 2003	Succeeded by John Linder

The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a Biographical dictionary of all present and former members of the United States Congress as The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D The Federal Election Commission (or FEC) is an independent regulatory agency that was founded in 1975 by the United States Congress to regulate the The Center for Responsive Politics (CRP is a nonpartisan research group based in Washington D Project Vote Smart ( PVS) is a Non-profit, Non-partisan research organization that collects and distributes information on candidates for public office in The Atlanta Journal-Constitution is the only major daily Newspaper in Atlanta Georgia, USA and its suburbs. The American Conservative Union ( ACU) is an American political organization advocating conservative policies. The Huffington Post (often referred to on the Internet as HuffPo) is a liberal News Website and aggregated Weblog FindLawcom is a free legal information Web portal owned by Thomson Reuters. Michael J Badnarik (born August 1, 1954) is an American software engineer, political figure and Radio talk show host The Libertarian Party is a United States political party founded on December 11 1971 The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by The United States presidential election of 2008, scheduled for Tuesday November 4 2008 will be the 56th consecutive George Washington "Buddy" Darden III (born November 22, 1943) is an American politician and lawyer These are tables of congressional delegations from Georgia to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. Georgia's 7th congressional district includes all of Barrow and Walton Counties and portions of Forsyth, Gwinnett, and Newton Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. John Elmer Linder (born September 9 1942) American politician has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives

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