Citizendia

This article is about the David Lynch film. For the popular song of the same name, see Blue Velvet (song). " Blue Velvet " is a popular song written by Bernie Wayne and Lee Morris, that has been recorded by several artists
Blue Velvet

Theatrical release poster
Directed byDavid Lynch
Produced byFred C. Caruso
Written byDavid Lynch
StarringKyle MacLachlan
Isabella Rossellini
Dennis Hopper
Laura Dern
Dean Stockwell
Music byAngelo Badalamenti
CinematographyFrederick Elmes
Editing byDuwayne Dunham
Distributed byDe Laurentiis Entertainment Group
Release date(s)Flag of Canada Canada:
12 September 1986 (premiere at Toronto Film Festival)
Flag of the United States United States:
19 September 1986 (theatrical release)
Flag of Australia Australia:
February 26, 1987
Running time120 minutes
CountryFlag of the United States United States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$6,000,000 (estimated)
Gross revenue$8,551,228 (North America)
Allmovie profile
IMDb profile

Blue Velvet is a 1986 American mystery film, written and directed by David Lynch, that exhibits elements of film noir and surrealism. David Keith Lynch (born January 20 1946 is an American director, Screenwriter, producer, painter, Cartoonist, Composer Fred C Caruso is an American Film producer best known for his work on the cult classic Blue Velvet (1986 Kyle MacLachlan (born February 22 1959 in Yakima Washington) is a Golden Globe award winning American actor Isabella Fiorella Elettra Giovanna Rossellini (born June 18, 1952) is an Italian actress, Filmmaker, Author, Philanthropist Dennis Lee Hopper (born May 17, 1936) is an Academy Award -nominated American Actor and Film -maker Laura Elizabeth Dern (born February 10, 1967) is an Academy Award -nominated American Actress. Dean Stockwell (born March 5, 1936) is an Academy Award -nominated Emmy Award -nominated Cannes Award and Golden Globe Angelo Badalamenti (born March 22 1937 is an Italian-American Composer, known for his movie soundtrack work for movie director David Lynch, notably Frederick Elmes, ASC (born May 4, 1946) is an American Cinematographer who has won the Independent Spirit Award for Best Cinematography Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) The Toronto International Film Festival ( TIFF) is a publicly-attended Film festival held each September in Toronto, Ontario, Canada The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) The United States of America —commonly referred to as the English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Events April 12 - Actor Morgan Mason marries The Go-Go's Belinda Carlisle Actor Arnold Schwarzenegger marries Mystery film is a sub-genre of the more general category of Crime film. David Keith Lynch (born January 20 1946 is an American director, Screenwriter, producer, painter, Cartoonist, Composer Film noir is a cinematic term used primarily to describe stylish Hollywood crime dramas, particularly those that emphasize moral ambiguity and sexual motivation Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early-1920s and is best known for the visual artworks and writings of the group members The film features Kyle MacLachlan, Isabella Rossellini, Dennis Hopper and Laura Dern. Kyle MacLachlan (born February 22 1959 in Yakima Washington) is a Golden Globe award winning American actor Isabella Fiorella Elettra Giovanna Rossellini (born June 18, 1952) is an Italian actress, Filmmaker, Author, Philanthropist Dennis Lee Hopper (born May 17, 1936) is an Academy Award -nominated American Actor and Film -maker Laura Elizabeth Dern (born February 10, 1967) is an Academy Award -nominated American Actress. The title Blue Velvet is taken from the 1963 Bobby Vinton song of the same name. Bobby Vinton (born April 16, 1935) is an American Pop music singer " Blue Velvet " is a popular song written by Bernie Wayne and Lee Morris, that has been recorded by several artists The film was strongly acclaimed by critics,[1][2] although initially detested by some. It earned Lynch his second Academy Award nomination for Best Director. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. Blue Velvet is also noted for re-launching Dennis Hopper's career.

After the commercial and critical failure of Lynch's Dune (1984), he made attempts at developing a more "personal story", somewhat characteristic of his surreal style he displayed in his debut 1977 film Eraserhead. This article is about the 1984 film See Frank Herbert's Dune for the 2000 television adaptation Eraserhead is a 1977 Surrealist Horror film written and directed by David Lynch. The screenplay of Blue Velvet had been passed around multiple times in the late 1970s and early 1980s, with many major studios declining it because of its strong sexual and violent content, most of which was considered taboo in Hollywood motion pictures prior to its release. A taboo is a strong Social prohibition (or ban) against words objects actions or discussions that are considered undesirable or offensive by a group culture The independent studio De Laurentiis Entertainment Group, which was owned at the time by Italian film producer Dino De Laurentiis, agreed to finance and produce the film. Agostino De Laurentiis, usually credited as Dino De Laurentiis (born August 8 1919) is an Academy Award -winning Italian Production on Blue Velvet began in January of 1985, and it was released the following year.

Blue Velvet tells the story of college student Jeffrey Beaumont, who discovers a severed human ear in a grass field behind a neighbourhood in his small, humble American town of Lumberton, North Carolina. Lumberton is a city in Robeson County, North Carolina, United States. Jeffrey decides to investigate the case himself, with the assistance of Sandy Williams, a high school student and daughter of Lieutenant John Williams, a detective in the town. Sandy provides Jeffrey with information she learnt from her father which aids them in their investigation of the ear. Jeffrey is eventually drawn into a voyeuristic, crime-fueled underworld, home to Frank Booth, a sociopathic criminal, and leader of a gang involved in murder, rape, kidnapping and drug sales. Frank Booth is a fictional character in David Lynch 's 1986 film Blue Velvet, portrayed by Dennis Hopper. Sociopathy is a loosely-defined term that may be used to refer to Psychopathy Antisocial personality disorder Dissocial Rape, also referred to as Sexual assault, is an Assault by a person involving Sexual intercourse with or Sexual penetration of another person The illegal drug trade or drug trafficking is a global Black market consisting of the cultivation manufacture distribution and sale of illegal Drugs The film has become a cult classic. A cult film is a Film that has acquired a highly devoted but relatively small group of fans. [3][4]

Contents

Plot

Jeffrey Beaumont (Kyle MacLachlan) returns home from college after his father (Jack Harvey) suffers a near fatal stroke. Kyle MacLachlan (born February 22 1959 in Yakima Washington) is a Golden Globe award winning American actor While walking home from the hospital, he cuts through a vacant lot and discovers a severed ear. Jeffrey takes the ear to Police Detective John Williams (George Dickerson), through whom he meets the detective’s daughter, Sandy (Laura Dern). George Dickerson (born July 25, 1933) is an American Actor, Writer, and Poet. Laura Elizabeth Dern (born February 10, 1967) is an Academy Award -nominated American Actress. She tells him details about the ear case and a suspicious woman, Dorothy Vallens (Isabella Rossellini). Isabella Fiorella Elettra Giovanna Rossellini (born June 18, 1952) is an Italian actress, Filmmaker, Author, Philanthropist Increasingly curious, Jeffrey enters Dorothy's apartment by posing as a maintenance man, and while Dorothy is distracted by a man (Fred Pickler) dressed in a yellow suit at her door, steals her spare key.

Jeffrey and Sandy attend Dorothy's nightclub act at the Slow Club, leaving early so Jeffrey can sneak into her apartment to snoop. A nightclub (or "night club" or "club" is a drinking, dancing, and entertainment venue which does its primary business after dark He hurriedly hides in a closet when she returns home. However, Dorothy, wielding a knife, finds him and threatens to hurt him. Thinking his curiosity is merely sexual and aroused by his voyeurism, Dorothy makes Jeffrey undress at knifepoint and fellates him. Fellatio, also called fellation, is Oral sex performed upon the Penis. Their encounter is interrupted by a knock at the door, and Dorothy hides Jeffrey in the closet. From there, he witnesses the visitor, Frank Booth (Dennis Hopper), inflict his bizarre sexual proclivities — which include erotic asphyxiation, fisting, dry humping, and sadomasochism — upon Dorothy. Frank Booth is a fictional character in David Lynch 's 1986 film Blue Velvet, portrayed by Dennis Hopper. Dennis Lee Hopper (born May 17, 1936) is an Academy Award -nominated American Actor and Film -maker Erotic asphyxiation refers to intentionally cutting off oxygen to the brain for sexual arousal Fisting is a Sexual activity that involves inserting a hand into the Vagina or Anus. Non-penetrative sex (also known as outercourse and dry sex) is Sexual activity without Vaginal Anal, and Oral penetration Sadism refers to Sexual or non-sexual gratification in the infliction of Pain or humiliation upon or by another person Frank is an extremely foul-mouthed, violent sociopath whose orgasmic climax is a fit of both pleasure and rage. Sociopathy is a loosely-defined term that may be used to refer to Psychopathy Antisocial personality disorder Dissocial An orgasm (sexual climax is the conclusion of the plateau phase of the sexual response cycle, and may be experienced by both males and females Frank has kidnapped Dorothy's husband and son to force her to perform sexual favors. When Frank leaves, a sad and desperate Dorothy tries to seduce Jeffrey again and demands that he hit her, but when he refuses, she loses interest in sex and asks to be left alone.

While attending another of Dorothy's performances at the Slow Club, where she sings the song "Blue Velvet", Jeffrey spots Frank in the audience fondling a piece of blue-velvet fabric he cut from Dorothy's robe. Later, in the car park, Jeffrey watches Frank and his cohorts drive away before going to Dorothy's apartment again. Jeffrey spends the next few days spying on Frank, whom he sees entering a building. Shortly afterwards, a well-dressed man and the Yellow Man exit the building. He concludes the men are criminal associates of Frank. Jeffrey again visits Dorothy, who seduces him and asks him to strike her. When he refuses, she pressures him, becoming more emotional. In a blind rage he knocks her backwards and is instantly horrified, but Dorothy, as a result of Frank's constant beatings, derives pleasure from it.

Afterwards, Frank catches Dorothy and Jeffrey together and forces them both to accompany him to the lair of Ben (Dean Stockwell), a suave dandy and partner in crime (Ben is holding Dorothy's son). Dean Stockwell (born March 5, 1936) is an Academy Award -nominated Emmy Award -nominated Cannes Award and Golden Globe In a bizarre but now iconic scene, Ben lip-syncs a performance of Roy Orbison's "In Dreams", sending Frank into maudlin sadness, then rage. Lip-sync or Lip-synch (short for lip Synchronization) is a technical term for matching lip movements with voice Roy Kelton Orbison ( April 23 1936 &ndash December 6 1988) nicknamed "The Big O" was an influential Grammy Award -winning " In Dreams " is a song composed and sung by American Rock and roll performer Roy Orbison. Frank takes Jeffrey to a lumber yard and savagely beats him to the overture of "In Dreams". Jeffrey wakes the next day and goes home, where he is overcome with guilt and despair. He goes to the police station, where he notices that Sandy's father's partner is Gordon — the Yellow Man. Later at Sandy's home, her father is amazed by Jeffrey's story, but warns Jeffrey to stop his amateur sleuthing lest he endanger himself and the investigation.

After attending a dance party where they profess their love for each other, Jeffrey and Sandy are tailed on their way home. Fearing the follower is Frank, Jeffrey is relieved to discover that it is only Sandy’s jealous ex-boyfriend. A confrontation is averted when the group finds a naked and distressed Dorothy on Jeffrey’s front lawn. Barely conscious, Dorothy reveals that she slept with Jeffrey, causing an upset Sandy to slap Jeffrey, although she later forgives him. Jeffrey insists on returning to Dorothy's apartment and tells Sandy to send her father there immediately.

At Dorothy’s apartment, Jeffrey finds the crudely lobotomized Yellow Man and the dead body of Dorothy’s husband, with a missing ear. A lobotomy ( Greek: lobos Lobe of Brain, tomos "cut/slice" is a form of Psychosurgery, also known as a leukotomy or When he tries to leave, he sees the well-dressed man coming up the stairs and recognizes him as Frank. Jeffrey talks to Detective Williams over the police radio, but lies about his location inside the apartment. Frank enters the apartment and brags about hearing Jeffrey's location over his own police radio. While Frank searches for him in the apartment, Jeffrey retrieves the Yellow Man's gun and shoots Frank with it. Detective Williams arrives with Sandy in tow. With their lives back to normal, Jeffrey and Sandy, along with Dorothy and her son, are reunited.

Cast

Production history

Development

Blue Velvet's setting of Lumberton is based somewhat on Lynch's own childhood, including the setting of the film acting as a substitute for his own hometown of Spokane, Washington.
Blue Velvet's setting of Lumberton is based somewhat on Lynch's own childhood, including the setting of the film acting as a substitute for his own hometown of Spokane, Washington.

Blue Velvet is frequently regarded by Lynch as being his most personal film, thus he has admitted to certain autobiographical content in the film:

"Kyle is dressed like me. My father was a research scientist for the Department of Agriculture in Washington. Washington ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. We were in the woods all the time. I'd sorta had enough of the woods by the time I left, but still, lumber and lumberjacks, all this kinda thing, that's America to me like the picket fences and the roses in the opening shot. It's so burned in, that image, and it makes me feel so happy. "[5]

The actual story of the film originated from three ideas that crystallized in the filmmaker's mind over a period of time starting as early as 1973. The first idea was only "a feeling" and the title Blue Velvet, Lynch told Cineaste in 1987. [6] The second idea was an image of a severed, human ear lying in a field. "I don't know why it had to be an ear. Except it needed to be an opening of a part of the body, a hole into something else. . . The ear sits on the head and goes right into the mind so it felt perfect," Lynch remarked in an interview. [7] The third idea was Bobby Vinton's classic rendition of the song Blue Velvet and "the mood that came with that song a mood, a time, and things that were of that time. Bobby Vinton (born April 16, 1935) is an American Pop music singer "[8] Lynch and Roth pitched the script to Warner Bros. Pictures, who showed interest in the project. Warner Bros Entertainment Inc (or Warner Bros, Warner Bros Pictures) is one of the world's largest producers of Film and Lynch eventually spent two years writing two drafts, which, he stated, were not very good. The problem with them, Lynch has said, was that "there was maybe all the unpleasantness in the film but nothing else. A lot was not there. And so it went away for a while. "[9]

Casting

The cast of Blue Velvet included several then-relatively unknown actors. Isabella Rossellini had gained some exposure before the film for her Lancôme ads in the early 1980s. Isabella Fiorella Elettra Giovanna Rossellini (born June 18, 1952) is an Italian actress, Filmmaker, Author, Philanthropist Lancôme Paris is a leading international manufacturer and marketer of Perfume, cosmetic, and Skin care products Dennis Hopper was the biggest "name" in the film, having starred in Easy Rider (1969) and Apocalypse Now (1979), while Kyle MacLachlan had played the central role in Lynch's Dune (1984), a science fiction epic based on the novel of the same name, which had been a critical and commercial failure. Dennis Lee Hopper (born May 17, 1936) is an Academy Award -nominated American Actor and Film -maker Easy Rider, a 1969 American Road movie written by Peter Fonda, Dennis Hopper and Terry Southern. Kyle MacLachlan (born February 22 1959 in Yakima Washington) is a Golden Globe award winning American actor This article is about the 1984 film See Frank Herbert's Dune for the 2000 television adaptation Dune is a Science fiction novel written by Frank Herbert and published in 1965. The material of Blue Velvet's script and the moderately low budget limited the number of big names that Lynch could attract. The part of Frank Booth was originally offered to Robert Loggia, then Willem Dafoe and Richard Bright, all of whom turned it down because of the character's vulgar and intense personality. Frank Booth is a fictional character in David Lynch 's 1986 film Blue Velvet, portrayed by Dennis Hopper. Robert Loggia (born January 3, 1930) is an American Academy Award - and Emmy Award -nominated Film and Television William J "Willem" Dafoe (born July 22, 1955) is a three-time Academy Award -nominated American Film and stage Richard J Bright ( June 28, 1937 – February 18, 2006) was an American actor known for his role as Al Neri in the [10] In contrast, Dennis Hopper — Lynch's third choice — accepted the role, reportedly having exclaimed, "I've got to play Frank! I am Frank!"[11] Hopper confirmed this in the Blue Velvet "making-of" documentary The Mysteries of Love, produced in 2002 for the special edition of the film. [12] Prior to his casting in this film, Hopper had experienced little success due to a phase of rehabilitation and thus had been featured in very few films. Conversely, Blue Velvet successfully re-launched his career.

For the role of Dorothy Vallens, Lynch met Isabella Rossellini at a restaurant, and she accepted the role. Lynch only had one choice for the role of Jeffrey Beaumont: Val Kilmer, who turned the role down, deeming the script he read as "pornography". Val Edward Kilmer (born December 31, 1959) is an American Actor. Kilmer later said he would have done the final version of the film, having become very fond of it. [10] Chris Isaak was offered the role of Jeffrey Beaumont, but he turned it down. Christopher Joseph Isaak (born June 26, 1956) is an American rock Musician and occasional Actor. Lynch used two songs from Isaak's 1985 debut album Silvertone in the film. Silvertone is the first album by Chris Isaak, released in 1985 Kyle MacLachlan, who had previously starred in one film directed by Lynch, Dune (1984), was asked to play the role of Jeffrey. This article is about the 1984 film See Frank Herbert's Dune for the 2000 television adaptation He instantly agreed. For MacLachlan, who appears in nearly every scene in the film, the intense shooting schedule was exhausting. [12] In an interview, Lynch said that he initially wanted Molly Ringwald, then widely known as a "teen idol", to star as Sandy Williams; but Ringwald's mother objected to her starring in the film due to the graphic content, believing that it would tarnish her then-successful career in the film industry. Molly Kathleen Ringwald (born February 18, 1968) is an American Actress, Singer and Dancer. [13]

Screenplay and filming

After finishing The Elephant Man in 1979, Lynch met producer Richard Roth over coffee. The Elephant Man is a 1980 Biopic loosely based on the story of the 19th century British deformed celebrity Joseph Merrick (called John Richard Roth ( 1955 -is an American journalist a CNN Correspondent who covers the United Nations and was the host of Diplomatic Roth had read and enjoyed Lynch's Ronnie Rocket script, but did not think it was something he wanted to produce. Ronnie Rocket is a film by David Lynch. After finishing Eraserhead, David Lynch spent two years writing a script for He asked Lynch if the filmmaker had any other scripts, but the director only had ideas. "I told him I had always wanted to sneak into a girl's room to watch her into the night and that, maybe, at one point or another, I would see something that would be the clue to a murder mystery. Roth loved the idea and asked me to write a treatment. I went home and thought of the ear in the field. "[6][3] Production was announced in August 1984. [14]

Lynch wrote two more drafts before he was satisfied with the script of the film. Conditions at this point were ideal for Lynch's film: he had cut a deal with Dino De Laurentiis that gave him complete artistic freedom and final cut privileges, with the stipulation that the filmmaker take a cut in his salary and work with a budget of only $6 million. Agostino De Laurentiis, usually credited as Dino De Laurentiis (born August 8 1919) is an Academy Award -winning Italian This deal meant that Blue Velvet was the smallest film on the De Laurentiis' slate. Consequently, Lynch would be left mostly unsupervised during production. [15] "After Dune I was down so far that anything was up! So it was just a euphoria. And when you work with that kind of feeling, you can take chances. You can experiment. "[9] Because the material was completely different from anything that would be considered mainstream at the time, Laurentiis had to start his own production company to distribute it. [16][17]

The scene where Dorothy appears naked outside after being raped and beaten was inspired by a real-life experience Lynch had during childhood when he and his brother saw a naked woman walking down a neighborhood street at night. The experience was so traumatic to the young Lynch that it made him cry, and he had never forgotten it. [18] Principal photography of Blue Velvet began on February 10, 1986. See also Filmmaking Principal photography is the phase of Film production in which the movie is actually shot as distinct from Pre-production Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) The exterior scenes of Lumberton were actually filmed in Wilmington, North Carolina. Wilmington is a city in and the County seat of New Hanover County, North Carolina, United States. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States [10]

Post-production

Lynch's original rough cut ran for approximately four hours. [10] He was contractually obligated to deliver a two-hour movie by De Laurentiis and cut many small subplots and character scenes. [19] He also made cuts at the request of the MPAA. For example, when Frank slaps Dorothy after the first rape scene, the audience was supposed to see Frank actually hitting her. Instead, the film cuts away to Jeffrey in the closet, wincing at what he has just seen. This cut was made to satisfy the MPAA's concerns about violence. Lynch thought that the change only made the scene more disturbing. [10] To this day, footage of the deleted scenes has never been found and only stills remain. David Lynch's final cut of the film ran one frame under two hours. [10]

Themes and interpretation

Blue Velvet owes a large debt to 1950s film noir, containing and exploring such conventions as the femme fatale (Dorothy Vallens), a seemingly unstoppable villain (Frank Booth), and the questionable moral outlook of the hero (Jeffrey Beaumont), as well as its unusual use of shadowy, sometimes dark cinematography. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive Film noir is a cinematic term used primarily to describe stylish Hollywood crime dramas, particularly those that emphasize moral ambiguity and sexual motivation A femme fatale (plural femmes fatales) is an alluring and seductive woman whose charms ensnare her lovers in bonds of irresistible desire often leading them into A hero (from Greek grc ἥρως hērōs) in Greek mythology and Folklore, was originally a Demigod, the offspring of a mortal and [20] Blue Velvet represents and establishes somewhat Lynch's famous "askew vision",[21] and introduces several common elements of Lynch's work, some of which would later become trademarks of his films, including distorted characters, a polarized world, debilitating damage to the skull or brain and the dark underbelly of large cities, or in this case, small towns. A town is a type of settlement ranging from a few to several thousand (occasionally hundreds of thousands inhabitants although it may be applied loosely even to huge metropolitan Red curtains also show up in key scenes, specifically in Dorothy's apartment, which have since become a trademark of Lynch films. [22] Blue Velvet has been compared to Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho (1960) because of its stark treatment of psychotic evil, as well as having an established link with Rear Window (1954), which Lynch has called one of his favorite films. Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KBE (13 Psycho is a suspense / Horror film directed by auteur Alfred Hitchcock, from the Screenplay by Joseph Rear Window is a Suspense film directed by Alfred Hitchcock, based on Cornell Woolrich 's Short story It Had to Be Murder The premise of both films is curiosity, leading to an investigation that draws the lead characters into a hidden, voyeuristic underworld of crime. [23] The film's thematic framework hearkens back to Poe, James and early gothic fiction, as well as films such as Shadow of a Doubt (1943) and The Night of the Hunter (1954) and to a lesser extent, the entire notion of film noir. Gothic fiction (sometimes referred to as Gothic horror) is a genre of literature that combines elements of both horror and romance. Shadow of a Doubt is a thriller directed by Alfred Hitchcock and written by Thornton Wilder, Sally Benson and Alma Reville This article is about the novel For the 1955 film adaptation see The Night of the Hunter (film. Lynch has called Blue Velvet a "film about things that are hidden — within a small city and within people". [24]

In the film's most iconic scene, Jeffrey unwillingly takes the role of the "voyeur", while he hides in Dorothy's closet, unbeknown to her.
In the film's most iconic scene, Jeffrey unwillingly takes the role of the "voyeur", while he hides in Dorothy's closet, unbeknown to her. Voyeurism is the sexual interest in spying on people engaged in intimate behaviors such as undressing sexual activity or urinating

Feminist psychoanalytic film theorist Laura Mulvey argues that Blue Velvet establishes a metaphorical Oedipal family — "the child", Jeffrey Beaumont, and his "parents", Frank Booth and Dorothy Vallens — through deliberate references to film noir and its underlying Oedipal theme. Feminism is a discourse that involves various movements theories, and Philosophies which are concerned with the issue of Gender difference, advocate Laura Mulvey (born August 15, 1941) was educated at St Hilda's College, Oxford. The Oedipus complex, in Freudian Psychoanalysis, is named after the Greek mythical character Oedipus, who unknowingly kills his father [25] The resulting violence, she claims, can be read as symbolic of domestic violence within real families. For instance, Frank's violent acts can be seen to reflect the different types of abuse within families, and the control he has over Dorothy might represent the hold an abusive husband has over his wife. Michael Atkinson reads Jeffrey as an innocent youth who is both horrified by the violence inflicted by Frank, but also tempted by it as the means of possessing Dorothy for himself. [14][26] Michael Atkinson takes a Freudian approach to the film, he claims that "Dorothy represents the sexual force of the mother [figure] because she is forbidden and because she becomes the object of the unhealthy, infantile impulses at work in Jeffrey's subconscious". Sigmund Freud (ˈziːkmʊnt ˈfʁɔʏt born Sigismund Shlomo Freud (May 6 1856 &ndash September 23 1939 was an Austrian Psychiatrist who founded [14]

The most consistent symbolism in Blue Velvet is an insect motif introduced at the end of the first scene, when the camera zooms in on a well-kept suburban lawn until it unearths, underground, a swarming nest of disgusting bugs. Insects ( Class Insecta) are a major group of Arthropods and the most diverse group of Animals on the Earth with over a million described This is generally recognized as a metaphor for the seedy underworld that Jeffrey will soon discover under the surface of his own suburban, Reagan-esque paradise. [14] The bug motif is recurrent throughout the film, most notably in the horrific bug-like oxygen mask that Frank wears, but also in the excuse that Jeffrey uses to gain access to Dorothy's apartment: he claims he is an insect exterminator. [14] One of Frank's sinister accomplices is also consistently identified through the yellow jacket he wears. Yellowjacket happens to be the name of a type of wasp, which double-layers the symbolism on yet another level, as the economically dominant groups of the United States are WASPs — White Anglo-Saxon Protestants. Yellowjacket or yellow-jacket is the Common name in North America for predatory Wasps of the genera Vespula and Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. Finally, a robin eating a bug on a fence becomes a topic of discussion in the last scene of the film. Some believe that this is just "one bug" and that there is still a criminal underworld left. The severed ear that Jeffrey discovers is also a key symbolic element; the ear is what leads Jeffrey into danger. Indeed, just as Jeffrey's troubles begin, the audience is treated to a nightmarish sequence in which the camera zooms into the ear canal of the severed, decomposing ear. Notably, the camera does not reemerge from the ear canal until the end of the film. When Jeffrey finally comes through his hellish ordeal unscathed, the ear canal shot is replayed, only in reverse, zooming out through Jeffrey's own ear as he relaxes in his yard on a summer day.

Soundtrack

Main article: Blue Velvet (film soundtrack)

The Blue Velvet soundtrack was supervised by Angelo Badalamenti. The Blue Velvet soundtrack by Angelo Badalamenti is a dark combination of classic composition and vintage/modern pop songs which mirrors the film's un-stated setting Angelo Badalamenti (born March 22 1937 is an Italian-American Composer, known for his movie soundtrack work for movie director David Lynch, notably Badalamenti makes a brief cameo appearance as the pianist at the Slow Club where Dorothy performs. A pianist (/'piənɪst/ is a Musician who plays the Piano. A professional pianist can perform solo pieces play with an ensemble or Orchestra The soundtrack makes heavy usage of vintage pop songs, such as Bobby Vinton's "Blue Velvet" and Roy Orbison's "In Dreams", juxtaposed with an orchestral score inspired by Shostakovich. Bobby Vinton (born April 16, 1935) is an American Pop music singer Roy Kelton Orbison ( April 23 1936 &ndash December 6 1988) nicknamed "The Big O" was an influential Grammy Award -winning " In Dreams " is a song composed and sung by American Rock and roll performer Roy Orbison. Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich ( Russian: ru Дмитрий Дмитриевич Шостакович ( &ndash 9 August 1975 was a Russian Composer During filming, Lynch placed megaphones on set and in streets and played Shostakovich to set the correct mood he wanted to convey. [12] The score makes direct quotations from Shostakovich's 15th Symphony, which Lynch had been listening to regularly while writing the screenplay. [27]

Entertainment Weekly ranked Blue Velvet's soundtrack on its list of the 100 Greatest Film Soundtracks, at the 100th position. Entertainment Weekly (sometimes abbreviated as EW) is a Magazine published by Time Inc Critic John Alexander wrote, "the haunting soundtrack accompanies the title credits, then weaves through the narrative, accentuating the noir mood of the film. " Lynch worked with music composer Angelo Badalamenti for the first time in this film and asked him to write a score that had to be “like Shostakovich, be very Russian, but make it the most beautiful thing but make it dark and a little bit scary. Angelo Badalamenti (born March 22 1937 is an Italian-American Composer, known for his movie soundtrack work for movie director David Lynch, notably ”[28] Badalamenti's success with Blue Velvet would lead him to contribute to all of Lynch's future full-length films. [10] Also included in the sound team was long time Lynch collaborator Alan Splet, a sound editor and designer who had won an Academy Award for his work on The Black Stallion (1979), and been nominated for Never Cry Wolf (1983). Alan Splet (1939&ndash1995 was an Academy Award winning Sound designer and Sound editor. A sound editor is a creative professional responsible for selecting and assembling Sound recordings in preparation for the final Sound mixing or Mastering "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. The Black Stallion, known as "the Black" or "Shêtân" is the title character from author Walter Farley 's bestselling series about the wild stallion Never Cry Wolf is a Book by Canadian Author Farley Mowat, first published in 1963 by McClelland and Stewart. [29]

Release and reaction

Poster used to advertise Blue Velvet to audiences in Italy. This scene, not featured in the final cut, illustrates the graphic nature of the film.
Poster used to advertise Blue Velvet to audiences in Italy. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest This scene, not featured in the final cut, illustrates the graphic nature of the film.

Performance

Blue Velvet premiered at the Montréal World Film Festival in August 1986, and at the Toronto Film Festival on September 12, 1986,[30] and a few days later in the United States. The Montreal World Film Festival (WFF — Festival des Films du Monde - Montréal (FFM — is one of Canada 's oldest international Film festivals and the The Toronto International Film Festival ( TIFF) is a publicly-attended Film festival held each September in Toronto, Ontario, Canada Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) The United States of America —commonly referred to as the It debuted commercially in both countries on February 26, 1986, in 98 theatres across the United States. Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) [30] In its opening weekend, Blue Velvet grossed a total of $789,409. It eventually expanded to another fifteen theatres, and domestically grossed a total of $8,551,228. [4] It was also released internationally, in Australia, most of West Germany, China, Canada, Hong Kong, Western Europe and Japan, followed by subsequent video releases. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. West Germany ( Inf German: Westdeutschland or West-Deutschland) was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany ( China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders Western Europe at its most general meaning means 'all the countries in the West of Europe ' For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The film grossed $900,000 in Australia, and $450,139 in Hong Kong. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders [10] Lynch was nominated for a Best Director Oscar for the film. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. [31] Isabella Rossellini won an Independent Spirit Award for the Best Female Lead in 1987. Isabella Fiorella Elettra Giovanna Rossellini (born June 18, 1952) is an Italian actress, Filmmaker, Author, Philanthropist Founded in 1984, the Independent Spirit Awards were originally known as the FINDIE Awards ("Friends of Independents" and presented winners with [10] David Lynch and Dennis Hopper won a Los Angeles Film Critics Association award in 1987 for Blue Velvet in categories Best Director (Lynch) and Best Supporting Actor (Hopper). The Los Angeles Film Critics Association ("LAFCA" was founded in 1975 [10] In 1987, National Society of Film Critics awarded Blue Velvet Best Film, Best Director (David Lynch), Best Cinematography (Frederick Elmes) and Best Supporting Actor (Dennis Hopper) awards. The National Society of Film Critics or NSFC is an American Film critic organization [10][24]

Critical reception

The film received an extremely positive reaction from critics in the United States. [1] Paul Attanasio of The Washington Post said that "the film showcases a visual stylist utterly in command of his talents" and that Angelo Badalamenti "contributes an extraordinary score, slipping seamlessly from slinky jazz to violin figures to the romantic sweep of a classic Hollywood score," but claimed that Lynch "isn't interested in communicating, he's interested in parading his personality. The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D The movie doesn't progress or deepen, it just gets weirder, and to no good end. "[32] The New York Times critic Janet Maslin expressed her admiration for the film, and directed much praise toward the performances of Hopper and Rossellini: "Mr. Janet Maslin (born 1948 is an American Journalist. She is best known as a film and literary critic for The New York Times Hopper and Miss Rossellini are so far outside the bounds of ordinary acting here that their performances are best understood in terms of sheer lack of inhibition; both give themselves entirely over to the material, which seems to be exactly what's called for. " She concluded by saying that the movie "is as fascinating as it is freakish. It confirms Mr. Lynch's stature as an innovator, a superb technician, and someone best not encountered in a dark alley. "[33]

Looking back in his Guardian/Observer review, critic Philip French wrote, "The film is wearing well and has attained a classic status without becoming respectable or losing its sense of danger. "[34] Blue Velvet holds a 90 percent "fresh" rating at Rotten Tomatoes and holds a consistently high rating on the Internet Movie Database. Rotten Tomatoes is a Website devoted to reviews information and news of Movies. Peter Travers, film critic for Rolling Stone magazine, named Blue Velvet the best film of the 1980s, and referred to the film as an "American masterpiece". This is about the film critic For the singing colleague of Mary Travers see Peter Yarrow. Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published Film critic Gene Siskel included Blue Velvet on his list of the best films of 1986, at #6. Eugene "Gene" Kal Siskel ( January 26, 1946 &ndash February 20, 1999) was an American Film critic.

Nevertheless, Blue Velvet was not without its detractors. A general criticism from critics in the United States was the film's often vulgar approach to sexuality and violence that detracts from the film's serious side. [35][36] One of the film's most notable detractors, Roger Ebert, noted film critic of the Chicago Sun-Times, supported that view, although he praised Isabella Rossellini's performance as being "convincing and courageous". Roger Joseph Ebert (iːbɝt born June 18, 1942) is an American film critic and Screenwriter. The Chicago Sun-Times is an American daily Newspaper published in Chicago, Illinois. Ebert criticized how she was depicted in the film, even accusing David Lynch of misogyny: "degraded, slapped around, humiliated and undressed in front of the camera. Misogyny (mɪˈsɒdʒɪni is hatred (or contemptof women Misogyny is parallel to Misandry — the hatred of men And when you ask an actress to endure those experiences, you should keep your side of the bargain by putting her in an important film". [35]

Legacy

Although it initially gained a relatively small theatrical audience in North America and was met with controversy over its artistic merit, Blue Velvet soon became the centre of a "national firestorm" in 1986. [35] It became a widely-known cult classic since its theatrical debut, had a myriad of VHS, laserdisc and DVD releases, and marked the entrance of David Lynch into the Hollywood mainstream and the comeback of Dennis Hopper after a significant hiatus from work. A cult film is a Film that has acquired a highly devoted but relatively small group of fans. The Laserdisc (LD is an obsolete Home video disc format and was the first commercial Optical disc storage medium DVD (also known as " Digital Versatile Disc " or " Digital Video Disc " - see Etymology)is Dennis Lee Hopper (born May 17, 1936) is an Academy Award -nominated American Actor and Film -maker Its success has helped propel Hollywood mainstream toward more graphic displays of previously censored themes, a similar case to Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho (1960), to which Blue Velvet has been frequently compared. Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KBE (13 [37] It has become one of the most significant, well-recognized films of its era, spawning countless imitations and parodies in media. The film's dark, stylish and erotic production design has served as a benchmark for a number of films, parodies and even Lynch's own later work, notably Twin Peaks (1990-91), and Mulholland Drive (2001). Twin Peaks is a Television Serial drama that follows the investigation of the brutal murder of popular respected Teenager and homecoming queen Mulholland Drive is a 2001 Mystery film written and directed by David Lynch that exhibits elements of Film noir and Surrealism Films like American Beauty (1999) and Donnie Darko (2001) strongly resemble Blue Velvet's stylistic approach and thus are a testement to the films influence. Donnie Darko is a 2001 cult classic Psychological thriller Film written and directed by Richard Kelly, and starring Peter Travers of Rolling Stone magazine cited it as one of the most "influential American films", as did Michael Atkinson, who dedicated a book to the films themes and motifs. This is about the film critic For the singing colleague of Mary Travers see Peter Yarrow. Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published Michael Atkinson, Australian Politician, is the current South Australian Attorney-General, Justice Minister for Veterans' Affairs and Minister

Blue Velvet now appears in various critical assessments of all-time great films, as well as rankings as one of the greatest films of the 1980s. In a poll of two American critics ranking the "most outstanding films of the decade", Blue Velvet was placed third and fourth, behind Raging Bull (1980), E.T. The Extra Terrestrial (1982) and the German film Wings of Desire (1987). Raging Bull is a 1980 Biographical film directed by Martin Scorsese, adapted by Paul Schrader and Mardik Martin from the memoir This article is about the 1982 film For the term "ET" which redirects here see ET. Wings of Desire is a 1987 Film by the German director Wim Wenders. [38] In a 2002 survey of fifty UK film critics regarding the top ten films of the last twenty years, Blue Velvet came fifth. In a 1999 Entertainment Weekly magazine special ranking the greatest films of all time, Blue Velvet came in at thirty-seven. Entertainment Weekly (sometimes abbreviated as EW) is a Magazine published by Time Inc [39] The film was ranked by the The Guardian in its list of the 100 Greatest Films. The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. [40] The film came fifth in Sight and Sound's Greatest Films in the past 25 years. Sight & Sound ( is a British monthly Film Magazine published by the British Film Institute (BFI [40] Film Four's ranked it on there list of 100 Greatest Films. Film4 is a free digital Television channel in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, owned and operated by Channel 4, that screens [40] In a 2007 poll of the online film community, Blue Velvet came in at the ninety-fifth greatest film of all time. [41] Total Film ranked the film one of the greatest of all time, in both a critics list and a public poll, in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Total Film, published by Future Publishing, is the United Kingdom 's second best-selling Film Magazine.

The American Film Institute has awarded the film two distinguished honors in their lists: one on 100 Years... 100 Thrills in 2001, selecting cinema's most thrilling moments and ranked the film's villain Frank Booth, as one of the 50 greatest villains in 100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains in 2003. The American Film Institute ( AFI) is an independent Non-profit organization created by the National Endowment for the Arts, which was established in 1967 Part of the AFI 100 Years series, AFI's 100 Years 100 Thrills is a list of the top 100 thrilling movies in American cinema AFI's 100 Years100 Heroes Premiere magazine listed Frank Booth, played by Dennis Hopper, as #54 on its list of The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time, calling him "the most monstrously funny creations in cinema history". Premiere was an American and New York City -based film Magazine published by Hachette Filipacchi Media U [42] The film was ranked #84 on Bravo Television's four-hour program 100 Scariest Movie Moments (2004). Bravo is a Cable television network owned by NBC Universal. It is currently seen in more than 80 million homes and was the first service dedicated to film drama [43] It is frequently sampled musically. [44]

References

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  2. ^ Blue Velvet (1986): Reviews. Metacritic. Metacritic is a Website that collates reviews of music Albums games, movies, TV shows, DVDs and Books. Retrieved on 2007-06-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes.
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  15. ^ Blue Velvet Essay on the films of David Lynch and there background; accessed July 24, 2007
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  17. ^ Blue Velvet - David Lynch. LynchNet. Retrieved on 2007-06-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes.
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  22. ^ The Biography of David Lynch
  23. ^ Orr, John (2005). "Hitchcock and Twentieth-century Cinema ", p.  167.
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  26. ^ Prince, Stephan (2007). American Cinema of the 1980s. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, Pages 160–167. ISBN 0-8135-4034-8.  
  27. ^ Blue Velvet score at The City of Absurity; accessed June 24, 2007
  28. ^ Chion, Michael (1995). Events 972 - Battle of Cedynia, the first documented victory of Polish forces takes place Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 "". British Film Institute, London: p. 89.  
  29. ^ Alan Spelt. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (1979, 1983). Retrieved on 2008-03-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor
  30. ^ a b Blue Velvet release date information at Internet Movie Database; accessed May 11, 2008. Events 330 - Byzantium is renamed ''Nova Roma'' during a dedication ceremony but is more popularly referred to as Constantinople 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
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  35. ^ a b c Ebert, Roger. "Blue Velvet", Chicago Sun-Times, September 19, 1986. The Chicago Sun-Times is an American daily Newspaper published in Chicago, Illinois. Retrieved on 2006-10-30. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 637 - Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of Iron bridge.  
  36. ^ Blue Velvet review at the Movie Snobs; accessed September 30, 2007. Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  37. ^ Müller, Jürgen (2002). The 25 Greatest Films of the 1980s. Taschen Books, 325 ISBN 3-8228-4783-6.  
  38. ^ In an American film poll of fifty-four critics, the top ten domestic movies of the 1980s were Raging Bull, E. T. , Blue Velvet, Hannah and Her Sisters, Atlantic City, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Platoon, Once Upon a Time in America, Prizzi's Honour, The King of Comedy and The Fly, (Milligan and Rowland, pg 23-29)
  39. ^ The 100 Greatest Films of All Time. Entertainment Weekly Magazine. Entertainment Weekly (sometimes abbreviated as EW) is a Magazine published by Time Inc Retrieved on 2006-12-02. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1409 - The University of Leipzig opens 1755 - The second Eddystone Lighthouse is destroyed by fire
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  41. ^ Thompson, Anne (2007-07-31). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently Top 100 Film Lists: Online Cinephiles. Variety. com. Retrieved on 2007-09-20. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France.
  42. ^ "The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time", Premiere. Premiere was an American and New York City -based film Magazine published by Hachette Filipacchi Media U Retrieved on 2008-03-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor.  
  43. ^ The 100 Scariest Movie Moments: 100 Scariest Moments in Movie History when .. BRAVOtv.com. Bravo is a Cable television network owned by NBC Universal. It is currently seen in more than 80 million homes and was the first service dedicated to film drama Retrieved on 2007-06-17. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1462 - Vlad III the Impaler attempts to assassinate Mehmed II ( The Night Attack) forcing him to retreat
  44. ^ Cigéhn, Peter (2004-09-01). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. The Top 1319 Sample Sources (version 60). Sloth. org.

Further reading

External links

Reviews:


Allmovie (previously All Movie Guide) is a commercial database of information about Movie stars movies and television shows. Turner Classic Movies ( TCM) is a cable television channel featuring commercial -free classic movies mostly from the Turner Entertainment and Warner Filmsiteorg is a Website operated by Tim Dirks since 1996. It contains about 300 in-depth reviews of what Dirks judges to be the "greatest films" Rotten Tomatoes is a Website devoted to reviews information and news of Movies.
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