Citizendia
Your Ad Here

Blue Ridge Parkway
IUCN Category V (Protected Landscape/Seascape)
Location North Carolina & Virginia, USA
Nearest city Asheville, NC & Roanoke, VA
Coordinates 36°31′07″N 80°56′09″W / 36.51861, -80.93583
Area 93,390 (377. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Asheville is a City in and the County seat of Buncombe County, North Carolina, United For the metropolitan area see Roanoke Metropolitan Area. Roanoke is an Independent city located in the Roanoke Metropolitan Area in 94 km²)
Established June 30, 1936
Visitors 17,882,567 (in 2005)
Governing body National Park Service
Blue Ridge Parkway route map
Blue Ridge Parkway route map

The Blue Ridge Parkway is a National Parkway and All-American Road in the United States, noted for its scenic beauty. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation National Parkway is a designation for a Protected area in the United States. A National Scenic Byway is a road recognized by the United States Department of Transportation for its archeological cultural historic natural recreational and/or scenic The United States of America —commonly referred to as the It runs for 469 miles (755 km), mostly through the famous Blue Ridge, a major mountain chain that is part of the Appalachian Mountains. The Blue Ridge, or Blue Ridge Mountains, is a physiographic province of the larger Appalachian division A mountain range is a chain of Mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by passes or valleys The Appalachian Mountains ( often called the Appalachians, are a vast system of mountains in eastern North America. Land on either side of the road is maintained by the National Park Service. A road is an identifiable route, way or path between two or more places. The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation It is the longest, narrowest National Park in the world and is the most visited unit in the United States National Park System. A national park is a reserve of land usually declared and owned by a national Government, protected from most Human development and pollution Wikipedia_talkFeatured_lists#Proposed_change_to_all_featured_lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->The National Park System In many places, the park is bordered by land protected by the United States Forest Service.

Contents

History

Begun during the administration of U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt, the project was originally called the "Appalachian Scenic Highway. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by " Most construction was carried out by private contractors under federal contracts under an authorization by Harold L. Ickes in his role as federal public works administrator. Harold LeClair Ickes ( March 15, 1874 &ndash February 3, 1952) was a United States administrator and Politician Work began on September 11, 1935 near Cumberland Knob in North Carolina; construction in Virginia began the following February. Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States On June 30, 1936, Congress formally authorized the project as the "Blue Ridge Parkway" and placed it under the jurisdiction of the National Park Service. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Some work was carried out by various New Deal public works agencies. The New Deal was the name that United States President Franklin D The Works Progress Administration did some roadway construction. The Works Progress Administration (renamed in 1939 the Work Projects Administration; WPA) was the largest New Deal agency employing millions of people Crews from the Emergency Relief Administration carried out landscape work and development of parkway recreation areas. Personnel from four Civilian Conservation Corps camps worked on roadside cleanup, roadside plantings, grading slopes and improving adjacent fields and forest lands. Civilian Conservation Corps ( CCC) was a Work relief program for young men from unemployed families established on March 21, 1933, by U During World War II, the CCC crews were replaced by conscientious objectors in the Civilian Public Service program. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including A conscientious objector (CO is an individual who on religious moral or ethical grounds refuses to participate as a combatant in war or in some cases to take any role that would support The Civilian Public Service ( CPS) provided Conscientious objectors in the United States an alternative to military service during World War II

Construction of the parkway took over fifty-two years to complete, the last stretch (near the Linn Cove Viaduct) being laid around Grandfather Mountain in 1987. A year (from Old English gēr) is the time between two recurrences of an event related to the Orbit of the Earth around the Sun Linn Cove Viaduct is a 1243-foot concrete Segmental bridge which snakes around the slopes of Grandfather Mountain in North Carolina. Grandfather Mountain is a mountain near Linville North Carolina. Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) The Blue Ridge Parkway tunnels were constructed through the rock -- one in Virginia and twenty-five in North Carolina. Blue Ridge Parkway tunnels consist of a total of 26 Vehicle Tunnels constructed along the of the Blue Ridge Parkway. In the fields of Architecture and Civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the Building or assembling of Infrastructure In Geology, rock is a naturally occurring aggregate of Minerals and/or Mineraloids The Earth's outer solid layer the ‘ Lithosphere The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States Sections of the Parkway near the tunnels are often closed in winter. Winter is one of the four Seasons of Temperate zones Calculated astronomically, it begins on the Solstice and ends on the Equinox (Due to dripping groundwater from above, freezing temperatures, and the lack of sunshine, ice often accumulates inside these areas even when the surrounding areas are above freezing. Groundwater is Water located beneath the Ground surface in Soil pore spaces and in the Fractures of lithologic formations For freezing as a method of food preservation see Frozen food. Temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold something that is hotter generally has the greater temperature Sunlight, in the broad sense is the total spectrum of the Electromagnetic radiation given off by the Sun. Ice is a Solid phase, usually crystalline, of a Non-metalic substance that is liquid or gas at Room temperature, such as Ammonia ) The highest point on the parkway (south of Waynesville, near Mount Pisgah in North Carolina) is 6047 feet (according to the 2005 Parkway map) or 1845m above sea level (AMSL) on Richland Balsam Mountain at Milepost 431, and is often closed from November to April due to inclement weather such as snow, fog, and even freezing fog from low clouds. Waynesville is an incorporated Town in Haywood County, North Carolina, United States of America Mount Pisgah is a Mountain in the Appalachian Mountain Range and part of the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina, United States North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International The term above mean sea level ( AMSL) refers to the Elevation (on the ground or Altitude (in the Air) of any object relative to the The weather is a set of all the phenomena occurring in a given Atmosphere at a given Time. "Snowfall" redirects here For other uses see Snow (disambiguation or Snowfall (disambiguation. Fog is a cloud that is in contact with the ground Stratus clouds are usually the only clouds that touch the ground Fog is a cloud that is in contact with the ground Stratus clouds are usually the only clouds that touch the ground A cloud is a visible mass of droplets or frozen crystals floating in the atmosphere above the surface of the Earth or another Planetary body The parkway is carried across streams, railway ravines and cross roads by 168 bridges and six viaducts.

The parkway runs from the southern terminus of Shenandoah National Park's Skyline Drive in Virginia at Rockfish Gap to U.S. Route 441 at Oconaluftee in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park near Cherokee, North Carolina. Shenandoah National Park encompasses part of the Blue Ridge Mountains in the U This article refers to the road in Shenandoah National Park in Virginia The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state Rockfish Gap is a Wind gap located in the Blue Ridge Mountains near Afton Mountain in the American state of Virginia. US Route 441 is a Spur route of US Route 41. It currently runs for 939 Miles (1511 km) from U Oconaluftee is the name of a river valley in the Great Smoky Mountains of North Carolina, located in the Southeastern United States Great Smoky Mountains National Park is a United States National Park that straddles the ridgeline of the Great Smoky Mountains, part of the Blue Ridge Mountains Cherokee is a town in Swain County, North Carolina, USA. It is the Headquarters for the Eastern Band of the Cherokee Indians North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States There is no fee for using the parkway, however commercial vehicles are prohibited without approval from the Park Service Headquarters, near Asheville, North Carolina. Commerce is a division of trade or production which deals with the exchange of goods and services from producer to final consumer Vehicles, derived from the Latin word vehiculum, are non-living Means of transport. Asheville is a City in and the County seat of Buncombe County, North Carolina, United The roadway is not maintained in the winter, and sections which pass over especially high elevations and through tunnels are often impassable and therefore closed from late fall through early spring. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. Autumn (also known as fall in North American English) is one of the four Temperate Seasons Autumn marks the transition from Summer Spring is one of the four Temperate Seasons Spring marks the transition from Winter into Summer. Weather is extremely variable in the mountains, so conditions and closures often change rapidly. The speed limit is never higher than 45 mph (70 km/h) and lower in some sections.

Deep Gap in North Carolina
Deep Gap in North Carolina

The parkway uses short side roads to connect to other highways, and there are no direct interchanges with interstate highways, making it possible to enjoy wildlife and other scenery without stopping for cross-traffic. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States The Dwight D Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the Interstate Highway System (or simply the Interstate System) Wildlife includes all non-domesticated plants animals and other organisms Mileposts along the parkway start at zero at the northeast end in Virginia and count to 469 at the southern end in North Carolina. The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state The mileposts can be found on the west side of the road. Major towns and cities along the way include Waynesboro, Roanoke, and Galax in Virginia; and in North Carolina, Boone and Asheville, where it runs across the property of the Biltmore Estate. A town is a type of settlement ranging from a few to several thousand (occasionally hundreds of thousands inhabitants although it may be applied loosely even to huge metropolitan A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Waynesboro, deriving its name from General Anthony Wayne or possibly Wayne's family home is an Independent city located within the confines of Augusta County For the metropolitan area see Roanoke Metropolitan Area. Roanoke is an Independent city located in the Roanoke Metropolitan Area in Galax (ˈgeɪlæks is an Independent city located in the southwestern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Boone is a town located in the Blue Ridge Mountains of western North Carolina, USA. Asheville is a City in and the County seat of Buncombe County, North Carolina, United Biltmore House is a French Renaissance inspired chateau near Asheville, North Carolina, built by George Washington Vanderbilt between 1888 and 1895 The Blue Ridge Music Center (also part of the park) is located in Galax, and Mount Mitchell (the highest point in eastern North America) is only accessible via a state road from the parkway at milepost 355. The Blue Ridge Music Center is part of the Blue Ridge Parkway system and is located at Milepost 213 near Galax Virginia. 4.

The parkway has been referenced in popular culture, for example, in the Carbon Leaf song, "Blue Ridge Laughing". Carbon Leaf is a five-piece pop rock band from Richmond Virginia.

Ecology along the parkway

Wildflowers dominate the parkway in the spring, including rhododendrons and dogwoods, moving from valleys to mountains as the cold weather retreats. A wildflower (or wild flower) is a Flower that grows wild meaning it was not intentionally seeded or planted Rhododendron (from the Greek: rhodos, "rose" and dendron, "tree" is a genus of flowering plants in the family The Dogwoods comprise a group of 30-50 species of mostly Deciduous Woody plants growing as Shrubs and Trees some species are herbaceous perennial Smaller annuals and perennials such as the daisy and aster flower through the summer. Botanically an annual plant is a Plant that usually germinates, Flowers and dies in one Year. A perennial plant or perennial ( Latin per, "through" annus, "year" is a Plant that lives for more than Aster ( syn Diplopappus Cass) is a Genus of Flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. Brilliant autumn foliage occurs later in September on the mountaintops, descending to the valleys by later in October. Autumn (also known as fall in North American English) is one of the four Temperate Seasons Autumn marks the transition from Summer In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. Often in early to middle October and middle to late April, all three seasons can be seen simply by looking down from the cold and windy parkway to the green and warm valleys below. A season is one of the major divisions of the Year, generally based on yearly periodic changes in Weather. Wind is the flow of Air or other Gases that compose an Atmosphere (including but not limited to the Earth's) Green is a Color, the perception of which is evoked by light having a spectrum dominated by energy with a Wavelength of roughly 520–570- nm. In Geology, a valley (also called a vale, dale, glen or strath and near or in Appalachia, a draw) is October is especially dramatic, as the colored leaves stand out boldly and occur mostly at the same time, unlike the flowers. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. A flower, also known as a bloom or Blossom, is the reproductive structure found in Flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also

Major trees include oak, hickory, and tulip tree at lower elevations and buckeye and ash in the middle, turning into conifers such as fir and spruce at the highest elevations on the parkway. A tree is a perennial Woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of about 400 species of Trees and Shrubs in the Genus Quercus (from Latin Trees in the genus Carya (from Ancient Greek κάρυον " Nut " are commonly known as Hickory. "Tulip tree" redirects here For the African tulip tree see Spathodea campanulata. An ash can be any of four different tree genera from four very distinct families; most commonly in a combined form (e Firs ( Abies) are a genus of between 45-55 species of Evergreen conifers in the family Pinaceae. Spruce refers to Trees of the genus Picea, a genus of about 35 species of Coniferous Evergreen trees in the Family Pinaceae Trees near ridges, peaks, and passes (often called gaps or notches) are often distorted and even contorted by the wind, and persistent rime ice deposited by passing clouds in the winter. A ridge is a geological feature that features a continuous elevational crest for some distance A mountain is a Landform that extends above the surrounding Terrain in a limited area with a peak In a range of hills or especially of mountains, a pass (also gap, notch, col, saddle, bwlch, Hard rime is a white Ice that forms when the Water droplets in Fog freeze to the outer surfaces of objects

Parkway Highlights

(Much of this information comes from the official Blue Ridge Parkway map GPO:2003-496-196/40572 Reprint 2004)

Farm at the Humpback Rocks
Farm at the Humpback Rocks
View from Ravens Roost, October 2006
View from Ravens Roost, October 2006

Highlights in Virginia

"Smart View"
"Smart View"
Mabry Mill
Mabry Mill
Pilot Mountain as seen from Virginia
Pilot Mountain as seen from Virginia

Highlights in North Carolina

The Cascades along the Blue Ridge Parkway
The Cascades along the Blue Ridge Parkway

The Blue Ridge Parkway crosses the North Carolina-Virginia state line at mile 216. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state 9. The 1749 party that surveyed the boundary included Peter Jefferson, father of Thomas Jefferson. Year 1749 ( MDCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Peter Jefferson ( February 29, 1708 &ndash August 17, 1757) was the father of President Thomas Jefferson. Thomas Jefferson (April 13 1743 – July 4 1826 was the third President of the United States (1801–1809 the principal author of the Declaration of Independence

The view from Craggy Gardens on the Blue Ridge Parkway.
The view from Craggy Gardens on the Blue Ridge Parkway.
Blue Ridge Parkway in autumn near Looking Glass Rock
Blue Ridge Parkway in autumn near Looking Glass Rock
East Fork Overlook from Blue Ridge Parkway
East Fork Overlook from Blue Ridge Parkway
Black Balsam Knob, Graveyard Fields and Yellowstone Falls as seen at sunrise from Milepost 419.
Black Balsam Knob, Graveyard Fields and Yellowstone Falls as seen at sunrise from Milepost 419. Black Balsam Knob, also known as Black Balsam Bald, is in the Pisgah National Forest southwest of Asheville NC near milepost 420 on the Blue Graveyard Fields is is the name of a flat mountain valley in the Blue Ridge Mountains of western North Carolina.
Sign marking the southern end of the Blue Ridge Parkway, near Great Smoky Mountains National Park
Sign marking the southern end of the Blue Ridge Parkway, near Great Smoky Mountains National Park

Closures

It is not unusual for small sections of the Parkway to be temporarily closed to repair damage caused by the cold winter climate of the mountains. Detours caused by these closures are well-marked, and are arranged to cause as little disruption as possible.

Due to serious damage in 2004 from Hurricane Frances, then again by Hurricane Ivan, many areas along the parkway were closed until the spring of 2005, with two areas that were not fully repaired until the spring of 2006. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Hurricane Frances was the sixth named storm, the fourth hurricane, and the third major hurricane of the 2004 Atlantic hurricane season. Hurricane Ivan was the strongest hurricane of the 2004 Atlantic hurricane season. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. These sections are now open.

Partners

(Much of this information comes from the Blue Ridge Parkway Foundation's Partners page) The Blue Ridge Parkway is a National Park site and while its operations budget is funded by the United States Congress, it works with many partner organizations that have unique roles in supporting it:

See also

External links

See also Blue Ridge Parkway Loveless Cafe The Mountains-to-Sea Trail (MST is a Long-distance trail that runs across North Carolina from the Great Smoky Mountains to the Outer Banks. The Cherohala Skyway is a paved 36 mile two-lane road that connects Tellico Plains TN, to Robbinsville NC.
© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic