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Blackpool Tower
Information
Location Blackpool, Lancashire,
North West England, UK
Status Complete
Constructed 1894
Use Observation tower
Height
Roof 158 m (518 ft)
Companies
Architect Maxwell and Tuke
Structural
Engineer		 Heenan and Froude

Blackpool Tower is a tourist attraction in Blackpool, Lancashire in England which was opened to the public on 14 May 1894. Blackpool (/ˈblækˌpul is a seaside town in Lancashire, England. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Blackpool (/ˈblækˌpul is a seaside town in Lancashire, England. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common (grid reference SD306360). The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude Inspired by the Eiffel Tower in Paris it rises to 158m (518ft 9 inches). The Eiffel Tower (Tour Eiffel /tuʀ ɛfɛl/ is an Iron Tower built Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city The Tower is a member of the World Federation of Great Towers. The World Federation of Great Towers (WFGT is an association of tall Towers and Skyscrapers from around the world [1] The tower can be seen from Barrow-in-Furness across Morecambe Bay 21 miles (35 km) away. Barrow-in-Furness is an industrial town and Seaport in Cumbria, England. Morecambe Bay is a large bay in northwest England, nearly due east of the Isle of Man and just to the south of the Lake District National Park A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand It is a Grade 1 listed building. A listed building in the United Kingdom is a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural historical or cultural significance [2]

Contents

Construction

The idea for the tower came when Blackpool Mayor John Bickerstaffe commissioned the design of a new landmark for the town after he visited the Great Paris Exhibition in 1889 and was impressed by the Eiffel Tower. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Year 1889 ( MDCCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common When he returned to Blackpool he set up a committee of businessmen in order to raise the funds to build a similar design in the town. [3]

In 1891, he invested £2,000 of his own money to form, with other local investors the Blackpool Tower Company Limited. The company was registered on 19 February 1891. [3] Two Lancashire architects, James Maxwell and Charles Tuke, designed the Tower and oversaw the laying of its foundation stone[4] on 29 September 1891,[3] when a time capsule was buried beneath it. A foundation is a Structure that transfers loads to the earth Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common A time capsule is a historic cache of goods and/or information usually intended as a method of Communication with people in the future [5] When the Tower finally opened on 14 May, 1894, both men had died. [4] The total cost for the design and construction of the tower and buildings was about £290,000. [5] Five million bricks, 2,500 tonnes of steel and 93 tonnes of cast steel were used to construct the tower. The cast steel and iron are distributed in such a way that if it did ever collapse it would fall into the sea. [1] The tower buildings occupies a total of 5,050 sq metres (6,040 sq yards). [2]

Unlike the Eiffel Tower, Blackpool Tower is not quite free-standing. Its base is hidden by the building which houses Blackpool Tower Circus. A circus is most commonly a traveling company of performers that may include acrobats, Clowns trained animals trapeze acts Hoopers, tightrope walkers At the summit there is a flagpole. [6]

History

Looking down to the road below through the glass floor
Looking down to the road below through the glass floor

When the tower opened, 3,000 customers took the first rides to the top. Glass Floor was the debut full length album by the Indie pop group Maritime. [4] Tourists paid sixpence for admission and a further sixpence for a ride in the lifts to the top, and a further sixpence for the circus. See also Sixpence (disambiguation The sixpence, known colloquially as the tanner or half-shilling also sprarzi was a British An elevator or lift is a Transport device used to move people or goods vertically from one floor to another [5] The first members of the public to ascend the tower had been local journalists in September 1893 using constructors ladders. Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common [7] In 1897 the top of the tower caught fire, and the platform was seen on fire from up to fifty miles away. Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common [3]

The tower was not painted properly during the first thirty years, and became corroded. This led to discussion of the structure being demolished. However it was decided to rebuild it instead and between 1921 and 1924 the whole of the steelwork in the structure was replaced and renewed. [1] On 22 December 1894, the Norwegian ship, Abana was sailing from Liverpool to Savello, Florida but was caught up in a storm and mistook the then recently built Blackpool Tower for a lighthouse. Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common History Abana was built at St John, New Brunswick, Canada in 1874 Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the A lighthouse is a Tower, building or framework designed to emit light from a system of lamps and lenses or in older times from a fire and used as an The Abana was first seen off North Pier and later drifted to Little Bispham where it was wrecked and can still be seen at low tide. Bispham (ˈbɪspəm is a village roughly one-and-a-half miles north of Blackpool town centre on the Fylde coast in the county of Lancashire, England The ship's bell still hangs in St Andrews Church in Cleveleys. [8]

During World War II, the tower was used for a time as a Royal Air Force radar station and was known at that time as RAF Tower. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Chain Home was the codename for the ring of coastal Radar stations built by the British before and during World War II. [6] The crow's nest was removed in 1940 to allow the structure to be used as a radar station, which proved unsuccessful. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships In 1949 a post box was opened at the top of the tower. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [7] The hydraulic lifts to the top of the tower were replaced in 1956-57 and the winding gear replaced by electric. [2]

The top of the tower was painted silver in 1977 as part of Queen Elizabeth's Silver Jubilee celebrations. Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II The Silver Jubilee of Elizabeth II marked the twenty-fifth anniversary of Queen Elizabeth II 's accession to the [2] A giant model of King Kong was placed on the side of the tower in 1984. King Kong is the name of a fictional giant ape from the fictional Skull Island, who has appeared in several works since 1933 Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) [2] In 1985, escapologist Karl Bartoni and his bride were married suspended in a cage from the tower. Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar) Escapology is the practice of escaping from restraints or other traps [7]

The lifts and winding gear were again replaced in 1992[2]. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) The same year the tower complex was renamed Tower World and was opened by Diana, Princess of Wales. [9] The tower is usually painted in dark red, except for its centenary year in 1994 when it was painted gold by abseiling painters. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) [6][2] In 1998 a "Walk of Faith" glass floor panel was opened at the top of the tower. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Made up of two sheets of laminated glass, it weighs half a tonne and is two inches thick. [7] In October 2007, a laser beam installed on the tower for the duration of the annual Illuminations was criticised by Astronomer and presenter of The Sky at Night television programme, Patrick Moore who said, "Light pollution is a huge problem. A laser is a device that emits Light ( Electromagnetic radiation) through a process called Stimulated emission. Historically Astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky while Astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena The Sky at Night is a monthly Television programme on Astronomy produced by the BBC. Sir Alfred Patrick Caldwell-Moore, CBE, HonFRS, FRAS (born 4 March 1923 in Pinner) known as Patrick Moore, is I am not saying we should turn all the lights out, that is not practical, but there are some things which are very unnecessary. The Blackpool Tower light is certainly something I do not think we should be doing. I very much oppose it. " The beam could be seen 30 miles away. Moore called for the beam to be stopped. The Centre for Astrophysics at the University of Central Lancashire in Preston said the laser has added to a spiralling problem affecting astronomy. Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study The University of Central Lancashire (or UCLan) is a University based in Preston, UK, which until January 2007 had additional Campuses Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. [10]

The tower has transmitters for local FM station Radio Wave 96.5 and some non-broadcast services. Radio Wave 965 is an English FM Radio station broadcasting to the Blackpool and Fylde coast area

The Tower remained in the Bickerstaffe family until 1964 when the Blackpool Tower Company was sold to EMI. The EMI Group is a British music company comprising the major record company EMI Music – which operates several labels and is based in Kensington in [11] Since then it has had three owners - Trust House Forte, First Leisure and the present owners Leisure Parcs Ltd which is owned by Trevor Hemmings. Forte Group plc was a British hotel and restaurant company Beginnings Charles Forte set up his first "milk bar" in 1935 as Strand Milk Bar Trevor Hemmings was born in Woolwich, England and brought up in Leyland, Lancashire but now lives in the Isle of Man, Jersey [12]

Artists who have performed at the tower include Arthur Askey, Duke Ellington, Paderewski, Dame Clara Butt, Cleo Laine, Peter Dawson and Busted. Arthur Bowden Askey CBE ( June 6, 1900 &ndash November 16, 1982) was a prominent English Comedian. Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington (April 29 1899 &ndash May 24 1974 was an American Composer, Pianist, and Bandleader. Ignacy Jan Paderewski GBE (November 18 1860 - June 29 1941 was a Polish Pianist, Composer, Diplomat, and politician and the Dame Clara Ellen Butt DBE ( 1 February 1872 &ndash 23 January 1936) sometimes called Clara Butt-Rumford after her marriage Dame Cleo Laine DBE, (born Clementina Dinah Campbell on 28 October 1927 in Southall, Middlesex, England) is a Jazz Peter Dawson ( 31 January 1882 - 27 September 1961) was an Australian Bass-baritone who gained worldwide renown and [9] Comedian Peter Kay performed his show on 10 and 11 April 2000 in the circus arena which was later released as Live at the Top of the Tower on DVD. Peter John Kay (born 2 July 1973 in Farnworth, Lancashire, England) is an English Comedian, Writer, producer 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Peter John Kay (born 2 July 1973 in Farnworth, Lancashire, England) is an English Comedian, Writer, producer DVD (also known as " Digital Versatile Disc " or " Digital Video Disc " - see Etymology)is The 1947 film, Dick Barton Strikes Back featured a fight scene on the tower. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Dick Barton - Special Agent was a popular Radio programme on the BBC Light Programme from 1946 to 1951. [2] The 1995 film Funny Bones features the tower in several key scenes. Funny Bones is a 1995 comedy-drama film made by Hollywood Pictures and distributed by Buena Vista Pictures.

In April 2007, punk rock band, Revisit, performed on the Walk of Faith at the top of the tower. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. [13]

Blackpool is a popular seaside resort and the beachfront tower is still a major attraction. The tower is lit during the annual illuminations, when the town and seafront are decorated with colourful displays of electric bulbs for six miles along the promenade. Blackpool Illuminations is an annual Lights Festival, founded in 1879 and first switched on 18 September that year held each autumn in the English seaside An esplanade is a long open level area usually next to a river or large body of water where people may walk

Tower Ballroom

The original ballroom, the Tower Pavilion opened in August 1894. It was smaller than the present ballroom and occupied the front of the tower complex. [14] The Tower Ballroom was built between 1897 and 1898 to the designs of Frank Matcham who also designed Blackpool Grand Theatre and it opened in 1899. Frank Matcham (22 November 1854 Newton Abbot, Devon – 17 May 1920 Southend-on-Sea, Essex) was a famous English theatrical Blackpool Grand Theatre is probably the oldest and best-known Theatre in the town of Blackpool, England. It was commissioned by the Tower company in response to the opening of the Empress Ballroom, in the Winter Gardens. The Winter Gardens is a large complex of Theatres and conference facilities in the town centre of Blackpool, England. The Winter Gardens is a large complex of Theatres and conference facilities in the town centre of Blackpool, England. The ballroom floor is 120ft x 120ft and is made up of 30,602 blocks of mahogany, oak and walnut. The name mahogany is used when referring to numerous varieties of dark-colored wood originally the wood of the species Swietenia mahagoni, known as West The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of about 400 species of Trees and Shrubs in the Genus Quercus (from Latin Walnuts (genus Juglans) are Plants in the family Juglandaceae. [14] Above the stage is the inscription, "Bid me discourse, I will enchant thine ear" from the sonnet, Venus and Adonis by William Shakespeare. The sonnet is one of the poetic forms that can be found in Lyric poetry from Europe. Venus and Adonis is one of Shakespeare 's three longer Poems Publication Venus and Adonis was entered into the Stationers' William Shakespeare ( baptised Each crystal chandelier in the ballroom can be lowered to the floor to be cleaned which takes over a week. [15]

From 1930 until his retirement in 1970 the resident organist was Reginald Dixon, known as Mr Blackpool. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Reginald Dixon MBE (born 1904 in Sheffield, died 1985 was a Theatre organist Reginald "Mr Blackpool" Dixon is best known as the resident The first Wurlitzer organ was installed in 1929, but it was replaced in 1935 by one designed by Reginald Dixon. The Rudolph Wurlitzer Company, usually referred to simply as Wurlitzer, is an American company formerly a producer of stringed instruments woodwind brass instruments A theatre organ is a Pipe organ originally designed specifically for imitation of an orchestra but in latter years new designs have tended to be around some of the sounds and Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The resident organist is Phil Kelsall who has been playing the organ at the Tower since 1975 when he started in the circus. [14] The ballroom was damaged by fire in December 1956, and the dance floor was destroyed along with the restaurant undernearth the ballroom. Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Restoration took two years and cost £500,000 with the restaurant becoming the Tower Lounge. [15]

The BBC televised the Come Dancing series from the Tower Ballroom for many years. Come Dancing was a BBC TV Ballroom dancing competition show that ran on and off from 1949 to 1998, becoming one of television's longest-running [16] And it has also hosted shows from Strictly Come Dancing including the grand final of the second series on 11 December 2004. Strictly Come Dancing is a British Television show, featuring celebrities with professional dance partners competing in Ballroom and Latin [17]

The Blackpool Junior Dance festival has been held each year in the ballroom since 1964. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. [14]

Dancing was not originally allowed on Sundays, instead sacred music was played. The ballroom also originally had very strict rules including - "Gentlemen may not dance unless with a Lady" and "Disorderly conduct means immediate expulsion". [15] The Tower Ballroom has been voted the most magnificent ballroom in the world.

Tower Circus Arena

The Tower Circus is positioned at the base of the tower, between its four legs. The circus first opened to the public on 14 May 1894 and has not missed a season since it opened. The present interior was designed by Frank Matcham and was completed in 1900. Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar The circus ring when flooded holds 42,000 gallons of water at a depth of up to 4ft 6 inches. Animals appeared in the circus until 1990 when they were withdrawn. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) The Famous Clown Charlie Caroli appeared at Blackpool Tower Circus for 39 years. Today's clown star is Mooky who is a firm favourite. The 2008 Tower circus features acts from around the world under the mastermind direction of Circus Director Laci Endresz.

The Tower Circus also plays host every Friday to a Magic Show Set completely aboard a giant pirate ship floating on the water of the Tower Circus Water Spectacular.

Aquarium

The oldest part of the building is the aquarium which was part of Dr Cockers' Menagarie and Aquarium in the 1870s. An aquarium (plural aquariums or aquaria) is a Vivarium consisting of at least one transparent side in which Water -dwelling Plants [1] It was kept open to earn revenue while the tower building went up around it. The aquarium was modelled on the limestone caverns in Derbyshire. Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 A cave is a natural underground void large enough for a human to enter History The area that is now Derbyshire was first visited probably briefly by humans 200000 years ago during the Aveley Interglacial as evidenced by a Middle It houses 57 different species of fresh water and salt water fish and the largest tank holds 32,000 litres of salt water. Freshwater is a word that refers to bodies of water such as Ponds lakes rivers and streams containing low concentrations of dissolved Salts and other Total dissolved [18]

Other attractions

Other attractions within the tower complex include

Restaurant 1894

The Hornpipe Galley was removed at the end of 2007 and has now been reopened as Restaurant 1894

Jungle Jim's Towering Adventureland

Jungle Jims is a large indoor children's adventure playground situated within the tower. On 9 October 2007 it was revealed that Leisure Parcs had submitted plans for a new play area, stage and food court to replace Jungle Jims. [19]

The new £3M play area, is called Jungle Jims Towering Adventureland and is now open. It is a interactive play scheme covering over 2,500sq metres. Based on a lost city, children can tackle a series of adventures in search of hidden treasure. [20]

Jurassic Walk

Jurassic Walk includes a 3D cinema and a walk through a dinosaur landscape. See also [[stereoscopy]] In film the term 3-D (or 3D) is used to describe any visual presentation system that attempts to maintain or recreate moving images Cinemaaustraliajpg|thumb|A movie theater in Australia ]]A movie theater, movie theatre, picture theatre or cinema is a venue The attraction replaced the legendary dark ride ' The Dawn of Time'.

Charlie Cairoli Exhibition

An exhibition looking back at the life of the famous clown Charlie Cairoli, and his legacy. Charlie Cairoli ( February 15, 1910 in Milan - February 17, 1980 in Blackpool) was a famous British Clown,

Tower Top

The enclosed Tower Top situated at 116 metres (380ft) contains a small gift shop and Britains highest post box, with letters and post cards being franked, "Posted from the top of Blackpool Tower. [7] The Tower Top contains an additional three levels to climb. The top level has views on a clear day of the Furness Peninsulas, Bowland Fells, The Lake District, North Wales, and at sunset on a clear day, the Isle of Man. Furness (ˈfɘˑnəs is a Peninsula in the southern part of Cumbria, in north-west England. The Forest of Bowland, also known as the Bowland Fells, is an area of barren Gritstone Fells deep valleys and Peat Moorland, The Lake District, also known as The Lakes or Lakeland, is a rural area in North West England. North Wales (Gogledd Cymru is the northernmost unofficial region of Wales, bordered to the south by Mid Wales and to the east by England. The Isle of Man (Ellan Vannin ˈɛlʲən ˈvanɪn or Mann (Mannin) is a self-governing Crown dependency, located in the Irish Sea at the geographical Two other platforms and the Crow's nest are accessible only to staff. A crow's nest is a structure in the upper part of the Mainmast of a ship that is used as a lookout point In the lower platform, which is fully enclosed, visitors can look down to street level through a glass floor above the south-west leg, the Walk of Faith. [7] In July 2006 local Cub scouts pitched a tent on the Walk of Faith as part of the 90th anniversary of the Scouting movement. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. A Cub Scout is a member of the section of the worldwide Scouting movement for young persons mainly boys normally aged 8–10 A tent is a shelter consisting of sheets of fabric or other material draped over or attached to a frame of poles or attached to a supporting rope [21]

Tower Heritage Trail

A trail that takes visitors on a journey looking at the Tower's unique past.

Tower Lounge Bar

The Tower Lounge Bar is a large fun pub with a capacity of 1,400.

Tower maintenance

Painting the tower structure takes seven years to complete,[12] and the workers who maintain the structure are known as Stick Men. There are 563 steps from the roof of the tower building to the top of the tower which the maintenance teams use for the structure's upkeep. If the wind exceeds 72 kph (45 mph) the top of the tower is closed. [22] It takes 8 kilometres (5 miles) of cables to feed the 10,000 light bulbs which are used to illuminate the tower. [12] In April 2002 the Tower maintenance team was featured in the BBC One programme, Britain’s Toughest Jobs. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. [23]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d World Federation of Great Towers - Blackpool Tower. The following fall under the definition of a Tower which is a tall man-made structure always taller than it is wide and usually much higher Reginald Dixon MBE (born 1904 in Sheffield, died 1985 was a Theatre organist Reginald "Mr Blackpool" Dixon is best known as the resident Horace Finch b1906 St Helens Lancashire d1980 Blackpool Pianist and Organist Early life and education Horace Finch A theatre organ is a Pipe organ originally designed specifically for imitation of an orchestra but in latter years new designs have tended to be around some of the sounds and World Federation of Great Towers. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (81-90). Blackpool Tower. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  3. ^ a b c d Blackpool Tower, the great icon of British Victorian engineering, 1894. Ward Book of Days. Retrieved on 2007-11-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000
  4. ^ a b c The story of Blackpool and its Tower. Icons. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  5. ^ a b c Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (71-80). Blackpool Tower. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  6. ^ a b c Blackpool Tower. Enjoy Blackpool (2007-05-12). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  7. ^ a b c d e f Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (51-60). Blackpool Tower. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  8. ^ Fleming, Craig. "The Fylde coast - A graveyard for ships", Blackpool Gazette, 2008-02-05. The Blackpool Gazette is a daily evening Newspaper based in Blackpool, Lancashire, England published each week day and Saturday which covers 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1576 - Henry of Navarre converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France. Retrieved on 2008-02-06. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio  
  9. ^ a b Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (61-70). Blackpool Tower. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  10. ^ "Veteran TV star-gazer blasts tower laser", Blackpool Gazette, 2007-10-24. The Blackpool Gazette is a daily evening Newspaper based in Blackpool, Lancashire, England published each week day and Saturday which covers Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 69 - Second Battle of Bedriacum, forces under Antonius Primus the commander of the Danube armies loyal to Vespasian, defeat Retrieved on 2007-11-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000  
  11. ^ Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (41-50). Blackpool Tower. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  12. ^ a b c Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (101-110). Blackpool Tower. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  13. ^ "Vicar's towering rock of ages on 500ft stage", Blackpool Gazette, 2007-04-26. The Blackpool Gazette is a daily evening Newspaper based in Blackpool, Lancashire, England published each week day and Saturday which covers Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Retrieved on 2007-11-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000  
  14. ^ a b c d Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (21-30). Blackpool Tower. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  15. ^ a b c Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (31-40). Blackpool Tower. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  16. ^ "BBC in talks over TV show's return", Blackpool Gazette, 2004-02-19. The Blackpool Gazette is a daily evening Newspaper based in Blackpool, Lancashire, England published each week day and Saturday which covers "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum Retrieved on 2007-11-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000  
  17. ^ "Strictly a sellout for return of TV classic", Blackpool Gazette, 2004-11-18. The Blackpool Gazette is a daily evening Newspaper based in Blackpool, Lancashire, England published each week day and Saturday which covers "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 326 - The old St Peter's Basilica is consecrated 1302 - Pope Boniface VIII issues the Papal bull Retrieved on 2007-11-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000  
  18. ^ Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (01-10). Blackpool Tower. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  19. ^ Robinson, Joe. "Revamp plans submitted for Blackpool Tower", Blackpool Gazette, 2007-10-09. The Blackpool Gazette is a daily evening Newspaper based in Blackpool, Lancashire, England published each week day and Saturday which covers Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 768 - Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned Kings of The Franks. Retrieved on 2007-11-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000  
  20. ^ Ettridge, Lisa. "Get onboard Adventureland's crew", Blackpool Gazette, 2008-01-18. The Blackpool Gazette is a daily evening Newspaper based in Blackpool, Lancashire, England published each week day and Saturday which covers 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Retrieved on 2008-01-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor  
  21. ^ "Scout's towering challenge", Blackpool Gazette, 2006-07-26. The Blackpool Gazette is a daily evening Newspaper based in Blackpool, Lancashire, England published each week day and Saturday which covers Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 657 - Battle of Siffin. 811 - Battle of Pliska; Byzantine Emperor Nicephorus Retrieved on 2007-11-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000  
  22. ^ Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (91-100). Blackpool Tower. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
  23. ^ "A head for heights", Blackpool Gazette, 2002-04-15. The Blackpool Gazette is a daily evening Newspaper based in Blackpool, Lancashire, England published each week day and Saturday which covers See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English Retrieved on 2007-11-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000  

External links

Structurae is an online Database containing works of structural and Civil engineering of all kinds such as Bridges High-rise buildings
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