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Black Flag
Black Flag performing in 1984. Left to right: Greg Ginn, Henry Rollins, and Kira Roessler. Drummer Bill Stevenson is not visible behind Rollins.
Black Flag performing in 1984. Left to right: Greg Ginn, Henry Rollins, and Kira Roessler. Drummer Bill Stevenson is not visible behind Rollins.
Background information
Origin Hermosa Beach, California, USA
Genre(s) Hardcore punk
Years active 1976-1986, 2003
Label(s) SST
Associated acts Circle Jerks, Descendents, Minutemen, Dos, Gone, Nig Heist, October Faction, Tom Troccoli's Dog, Rollins Band, S.O.A., Chuck Dukowski Sextet, SWA, The Misfits, Redd Kross, DC3
Former members
Greg Ginn
Keith Morris
Raymond Pettibon
David Horvitz
Spot
Chuck Dukowski
Brian Migdol
ROBO
Ron Reyes
Dez Cadena
Henry Rollins
Emil Johnson
Chuck Biscuits
Bill Stevenson
Kira Roessler
Anthony Martinez
C'el Revuelta

Black Flag was a hardcore punk band formed in 1977 in southern California, largely as the brainchild of Greg Ginn: the guitarist, primary songwriter and sole continuous member through multiple personnel changes. Hermosa Beach is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Hardcore punk (now usually referred to as simply hardcore) is a subgenre of Punk rock that originated in North America in the late 1970s In the Music industry, a record label can be a Brand and a Trademark associated with the Marketing of music recordings and Music SST Records is an American Independent record label formed in 1978 in Long Beach California by musician Greg Ginn. The Circle Jerks are a Hardcore punk band formed circa 1979 in Hermosa Beach California. This article is about the band For other uses see Descendant. The Minutemen were an American Punk rock band formed in San Pedro, California in 1980 Dos is an American indie / punk / Alternative rock group comprised of Mike Watt and Kira Roessler, who both sing and play Bass Gone is a three-piece punk -based Instrumental rock band formed by Greg Ginn in late 1985 October Faction was one of the many off-shoots of seminal punk band Black Flag, led by guitarist Greg Ginn. Rollins Band was a rock group led by singer and Songwriter Henry Rollins. State of Alert (or SOA) was a Hardcore punk group from Washington D Chuck Dukowski (b Gary McDaniel, February 1, 1954) is an American Punk rock musician best known as a founding member and original bass player SWA (pronounced swǒ the band originally started as a concept defined by Chuck Dukowski, former bassist of Black Flag while he was still a member of that band The Misfits are an American Redd Kross, a rock band from Hawthorne California had their roots in 1978 in a band called The Tourists begun by Jeff and Steve DC3 was an American Rock and roll band formed by singer songwriter and guitarist Dez Cadena in 1983 and active until 1987 Gregory Regis Ginn (born June 8, 1954) is a Guitarist, Songwriter and singer Keith Morris (born September 17 1962 is the co-founder and former lead singer of the Punk rock band Black Flag along with guitarist Greg Ginn Raymond Pettibon (born Raymond Ginn on June 16, 1957) is an American artist and sometime musician and lyricist SPOT, (born Glen Lockett in 1951) was the house producer and engineer for the influential independent punk Record label Chuck Dukowski (b Gary McDaniel, February 1, 1954) is an American Punk rock musician best known as a founding member and original bass player Brian Migdol was the original drummer for Black Flag, from 1976 to the fall of 1978 Ron Reyes (alias Chavo Pederast) was the second singer for California based punk rock group Black Flag. Dez Paul Cadena (born June 2, 1961 in Newark New Jersey) is an American Singer and Guitarist. Henry Rollins (born February 13 1961 as Henry Lawrence Garfield) is an American singer-songwriter Spoken word Artist, Stand-up comedian, author Emil Johnson (born ca 1966 was the third Drummer for Black Flag during the first half of 1982 Chuck Biscuits (real name Charles Montgomery (born April 17, 1965) was a Drummer for Victorian Pork, D People namded ' Bill Stevenson include Bill Stevenson (musician Bill Stevenson (American football Kira Roessler (born June 12 1961) is an American Musician and Dialogue editor. Anthony Martinez was the last drummer for Black Flag. He did not record any studio material but can be heard on the live album Who's Got the 10½? and C'el Revuelta was the last bass player to play in the Hardcore punk band Black Flag before the band broke up in 1986. Hardcore punk (now usually referred to as simply hardcore) is a subgenre of Punk rock that originated in North America in the late 1970s California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Gregory Regis Ginn (born June 8, 1954) is a Guitarist, Songwriter and singer They are widely considered the first hardcore punk band.

Black Flag forged a unique sound early on that mixed the raw simplicity of the Ramones with atonal and microtonal guitar solos and frequent tempo shifts. The Ramones were an American rock band often regarded as the first Punk rock group Atonality in its broadest sense describes Music that lacks a tonal center, or key. Microtonal music is Music using microtones — intervals of less than an equally spaced Semitone. Guitar solos are a melodic passage section or entire piece of music written for an Electric guitar or an Acoustic guitar. 2266-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl or TEMPO is the Chemical compound with the formula (CH23(CMe22NO Over this could be heard lyrics—mostly written by Ginn—about isolation, neurosis, poverty, and paranoia, themes which did not disappear when Henry Rollins took on the role of lead singer in 1981. This article describes the term in psychology For the experimental metal band see Neurosis (band. Poverty (also called penury) is deprivation of common necessities that determine the quality of life including food clothing shelter and safe Drinking water, and Paranoia is a disturbed thought process characterized by excessive Anxiety or Fear, often to the point of Irrationality and Delusion. Henry Rollins (born February 13 1961 as Henry Lawrence Garfield) is an American singer-songwriter Spoken word Artist, Stand-up comedian, author Most of the band's material was released on Ginn's independent label, SST Records. SST Records is an American Independent record label formed in 1978 in Long Beach California by musician Greg Ginn.

Black Flag was (and remains) well respected among their underground culture, with their influence primarily in their tireless promotion of a self-controlled DIY ethic and aesthetic. Underground culture, or just underground, is a term to describe various Alternative cultures which either consider themselves different from the Mainstream They're often regarded as pioneers in the movement of underground do-it-yourself record labels that flourished among the 1980s punk rock bands. Through seemingly constant touring throughout the United States and Canada, and occasionally Europe, Black Flag established an extremely dedicated fan base. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Many other musicians would follow Black Flag's lead and book their own tours, utilizing a word-of-mouth network.

Over the course of the 1980s, Black Flag's sound, as well as their notoriety, evolved in ways that alienated much of their early punk audience. As well as being central to the creation of hardcore, they were part of the first wave of American West Coast punk rock and are considered a key influence on the punk subculture. Punk ideologies are a group of varied social and political beliefs associated with the Punk subculture. Along with being among the earliest punk rock groups to incorporate elements and the influence of heavy metal melodies and rhythm (particularly in their later records), there were often overt freestyles, jazz (mainly free jazz), breakbeat and contemporary classical elements in their sound, especially in Ginn's guitar playing, and the band interspersed records and performances with instrumentals throughout their career. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States For the Ornette Coleman album after which this genre was named see Free Jazz A Collective Improvisation. Breakbeat (sometimes breakbeats or breaks) is a term used to describe a collection of sub- genres of Electronic music, usually characterized Contemporary classical music can be understood as belonging to a period that started in the mid-1970s with the retreat of modernism. They also played longer, slower, and more complex songs at a time when many bands in their milieu stuck to a raw, fast, three-chord format. A three-chord song is a Song whose Music is built around three chords that are played in a certain sequence. As a result, Black Flag's extensive discography is more varied than many of their punk-rock contemporaries.

Contents

History

Early years

Initially called Panic, Black Flag formed in 1977. Ginn insisted that the band rehearse several hours a day. [1] This work ethic proved too challenging for some early members; Ginn and singer Keith Morris had an especially hard time finding a reliable bass guitarist, and often rehearsed without a bassist, a factor that contributed to the development of Ginn's distinctive, often low-pitched guitar sound. Keith Morris (born September 17 1962 is the co-founder and former lead singer of the Punk rock band Black Flag along with guitarist Greg Ginn Ginn's brother Raymond Pettibon and SST house record producer-to-be Spot filled in sometimes at rehearsals. Raymond Pettibon (born Raymond Ginn on June 16, 1957) is an American artist and sometime musician and lyricist In the Music industry, a record producer or music producer has many roles among them controlling the recording sessions coaching and guiding the musicians organizing SPOT, (born Glen Lockett in 1951) was the house producer and engineer for the influential independent punk Record label

Chuck Dukowski, bassist with Wurm, took a liking to Ginn's group, and eventually joined, forming a committed quartet with Ginn, Morris and drummer Brian Migdol. Chuck Dukowski (b Gary McDaniel, February 1, 1954) is an American Punk rock musician best known as a founding member and original bass player A drummer is a Musician who plays a Drum or drums particularly a Drum kit ("drum set" or "trap set" Marching percussion Brian Migdol was the original drummer for Black Flag, from 1976 to the fall of 1978 The band played their first performance in December 1977 in Redondo Beach, California. Redondo Beach is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. To avoid confusion with another band called Panic, they took on the name Black Flag in late 1978. [1] They played their first show as 'Black Flag' on January 27, 1979, in Redondo Beach. Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) This was the first time Dez Cadena saw the band. Dez Paul Cadena (born June 2, 1961 in Newark New Jersey) is an American Singer and Guitarist.

The name was suggested by Ginn's brother, artist Raymond Pettibon, who also designed the band's logo: a stylized black flag represented as four black bars. Raymond Pettibon (born Raymond Ginn on June 16, 1957) is an American artist and sometime musician and lyricist Pettibon stated "If a white flag means surrender, a black flag represents anarchy. " Their new name was reminiscent of the anarchist symbol, the insect spray of the same name, and of the British heavy metal group Black Sabbath, one of Ginn's favorite bands. While anarchists have historically largely denied the importance of Symbols to political movement anarchists have embraced certain symbols for their cause Black Flag is an American Insecticide brand It is the oldest insecticide brand in the United States. Black Sabbath are an Ginn suggested that he was "comfortable with all the implications of the name. "[2] The band spray painted the simple, striking logo all over Los Angeles, gaining attention from potential supporters, and thoroughly irritating police. Spray painting is a Painting technique where a device sprays a coating (paint ink varnish etc Pettibon also created much of their cover artwork.

There were few opportunities for punk rock bands to perform in Southern California, (Los Angeles club The Masque was the center of the L. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West The Masque was a small Punk rock club in central Hollywood California which existed intermittently from 1977 to 1979. A. punk scene, but was also rather provincial, and didn't often admit bands from outside L. A. proper). Black Flag organized their own gigs, performing at picnics, house parties, schools, any place that was available. They called club owners themselves to arrange appearances, and plastered hundreds of flyers—usually Pettibon's severe, haunting comic strip style panels—on any available surface to publicize performances. A comic strip is a sequence of drawings that tells a story Currently in the Western world, most comic strips are written and drawn by a Comics artist Dukowski reported that the "minimum (number of flyers) that went out was 500 for a show. "[3]

Though Ginn was the band's leader, special note should be made of Dukowski's contributions to Black Flag. Ginn was tireless and profoundly disciplined, but he was also rather quiet. Dukowski's intelligent, fast-talking, high-energy persona attracted significant attention, and he was often Black Flag's spokesman to the press. Dukowski acted as the group's tour manager even after he no longer performed with them, and he was probably as important as Ginn in establishing the group's DIY aesthetic and demanding work ethic. Dukowski's bass guitar was a vital part of the early Black Flag sound; "TV Party", for instance, was one of many songs "driven more by Chuck Dukowski's percolating bass line than Ginn's stun-gun guitar. "[4]

Morris appeared as vocalist on Black Flag's earliest recordings, and his energized, manic stage presence helped the band earn a reputation in the Los Angeles area. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Migdol was replaced by the enigmatic Columbian drummer Roberto Valverde (a. k. a. ROBO), whose numerous clicking metallic bracelets became part of his drum sound. The group played with a speed and ferocity that was all but unprecedented in rock music; critic Ira Robbins declared that "Black Flag was, for all intents and purposes, America's first hardcore band. A trouser press is an Electrical appliance used to smooth the Wrinkles from a pair of Trousers ( pants in Australia, "[5] Morris quit in 1979, citing, among other reasons, creative differences with Ginn, and his own "freaking out on cocaine and speed. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) Cocaine ( benzoylmethyl ecgonine) is a Crystalline Tropane Alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the Coca plant "[6] Morris would subsequently form the Circle Jerks. The Circle Jerks are a Hardcore punk band formed circa 1979 in Hermosa Beach California.

After Morris's departure, Black Flag recruited fan Ron Reyes as singer. Reyes was in high school at the time and, like a lot of kids in the beach area, came from a broken home. Through resourcefulness and self-reliance, he contributed considerably to the local beach culture, but also ventured to the underground clubs in Hollywood, such as "The Masque" and "Raji's". Before joining Black Flag, Reyes was a drummer for an early lineup of Red Cross (later Redd Kross). With Reyes filling the lead singer position vacated by Morris, the band lineup was complete to record the Jealous Again 12-inch EP and contribute to the legend-making Decline Of Western Civilization movie. The Decline of Western Civilization is a 1981 Rockumentary film directed by Penelope Spheeris about the Los Angeles Punk rock This was also the lineup that toured up and down the West Coast for the first time, the version most fans outside of LA first saw.

In 1980, Reyes quit Black Flag mid-performance at the Redondo Beach venue "The Fleetwood" because of escalating violence (particularly against a girl fan). "I was best friends with Ron through high school and, although I wasn't as involved, Ron would share with me what was happening around him. Ron told me he'd had enough after witnessing a girl getting stabbed. To what degree, I didn't ask" - Fred (Epitaph Records). For the remainder of that gig, the group played an extended version of "Louie Louie" and invited audience members to take turns singing. " Louie Louie " is an American rock 'n' roll song written by Richard Berry in 1955 [1] In fact, the Jealous Again EP didn't come out until Reyes had already left, and the band, still bitter over his leaving listed his name as "Chavo Pederast" on the sleeve, which translated means "pedophile. "

The more reliable Dez Cadena - another fan - then joined as singer. Dez Paul Cadena (born June 2, 1961 in Newark New Jersey) is an American Singer and Guitarist. With Cadena onboard, Black Flag began national touring in earnest, and arguably saw two peaks: first as a commercial draw (they sold out the 3,500-seat Santa Monica Civic Auditorium, a feat they were never able to manage again); and second, perhaps seeing the peak of attention from police in the Los Angeles area, due to the violence associated with Black Flag and punk rock in general. Police are agents or agencies usually of the executive, empowered to enforce the law and to effect public and social order through the legitimatized use of force The band members have often insisted, however, that the police instigated far more problems than they solved.

By the summer of 1981, however, Cadena's voice was worn. Summer is one of the four Temperate Seasons Summer marks the warmest time of year with the longest days Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 He had no formal training or previous experience as a singer, and had severely strained his voice during Black Flag's seemingly nonstop touring, and he wanted to play guitar rather than sing.

Rollins joins

Twenty-year-old fan Henry Rollins (birth name Henry Garfield) — then living in Washington D.C. and singing for hardcore band S.O.A. — had corresponded with the band, and met them when they performed on the U. Henry Rollins (born February 13 1961 as Henry Lawrence Garfield) is an American singer-songwriter Spoken word Artist, Stand-up comedian, author Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D State of Alert (or SOA) was a Hardcore punk group from Washington D S. east coast. At an impromptu show in a bar, he asked to sing "Clocked In. " Since vocalist Dez Cadena was switching to guitar, the band invited Rollins to a rehearsal. Impressed by his stage demeanor, they asked him to become their permanent vocalist. He accepted, despite some doubts, due in part to Ian MacKaye's encouragement. Ian Thomas Garner MacKaye (məˈkaɪ born April 16, 1962) is an American singer and guitarist Rollins acted as roadie for the remainder of the tour while learning Black Flag's songs during sound checks and encores, while Cadena crafted guitar parts that meshed with Ginn's. "Roadie" redirects here For the 1980 movie see Roadie (film. Rollins also impressed Black Flag with his broad musical interests during an era when punk rock music and fans were increasingly factionalized; he introduced Black Flag to Washington DC's go go, a distinctive take on funk music. Funk is an American musical style that originated in the mid- to late-1960s when African American musicians blended Soul music, Soul

Rollins was Black Flag's longest-lasting singer, and has remained active in music to the present. When he joined Black Flag, he brought a different attitude and perspective than previous singers. Some earlier songs, such as "Six Pack" (a song written about ex-singer Keith Morris) blended a nearly goofy sense of satirical criticism (of apathy and alcoholism, respectively) with driving punk rock. Alcoholism is a term with multiple and sometimes conflicting definitions He was a dynamic live performer and powerful singer, who usually appeared onstage wearing only shorts. "Hot Pants" redirects here For the James Brown song see Hot Pants (song Shorts are a Garment worn by both men and women over Ginn once stated that after Rollins joined, "We couldn't do songs with a sense of humor anymore; he got into the serious way-out poet thing. "[7]

Mid-career

 Music samples:

"Nervous Breakdown"

Sample of Black Flag "Nervous Breakdown" from Nervous Breakdown EP (1978)
Problems listening to the file? See media help. This article refers to a music recording For the more general use of this term see Mental breakdown.

"Slip It In"

Sample of Black Flag "Slip It In" from Slip It In (1984)
Problems listening to the file? See media help. Slip It In is an album by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag released in 1984

With Rollins on board, Black Flag began work on their first full length album. The sessions for the record (chronicled in Michael Azerrad's book Our Band Could Be Your Life) were a source of conflict between the band and engineer/producer Spot, who had worked with the band and the SST label since their early years. Michael Azerrad is an American Author, Journalist and Musician. Our Band Could Be Your Life Scenes from the American Indie Underground 1981-1991 is a book by Michael Azerrad (ISBN 0-316-78753-1 SPOT, (born Glen Lockett in 1951) was the house producer and engineer for the influential independent punk Record label Spot had already recorded many of the Damaged tracks with Dez Cadena on vocals (as well as Keith Morris and Ron Reyes) and felt that the band's sound was ruined with the two guitar line-up (these versions can be heard on the albums Everything Went Black and The First Four Years). Damaged is a 1981 album released by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag on SST Records, their first full-length LP. Everything Went Black is a compilation album by Black Flag, released in 1983 The First Four Years was a compilation of early Black Flag songs recorded before Henry Rollins became the band's vocalist in 1981 Whereas the earlier four-piece versions are more focused and much cleaner sounding, the Damaged recordings are more akin to a live recording, with little stereo separation of guitars, and somewhat muddy. Damaged is a 1981 album released by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag on SST Records, their first full-length LP. When asked about the lo-fidelity production, SPOT has said "They *wanted* it to sound that way. " However, the artistic content and expression on the album showed the band pushing punk or hardcore music to a new level, with deeply personal and intensely emotional lyrics. As such, Damaged is generally regarded as Black Flag's most focused recording. Damaged is a 1981 album released by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag on SST Records, their first full-length LP. One critic has written that Damaged was "perhaps the best album to emerge from the quagmire that was early-'80s California punk . Damaged is a 1981 album released by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag on SST Records, their first full-length LP. . . the visceral, intensely physical presence of Damaged has yet to be equaled, although many bands have tried. "[8] Damaged was released in the fall of 1981, and the group began an extensive tour in support of it, forging an independent network for touring independent music acts that would form a cornerstone of the independent music scene for the decade to come. Damaged is a 1981 album released by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag on SST Records, their first full-length LP.

The previous year 1980 saw the US punk rock movement hitting a peak in popularity. Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) With Damaged and their growing reputation as an impressive live band, Black Flag seemed poised on the cusp of a commercial breakthrough. Damaged is a 1981 album released by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag on SST Records, their first full-length LP. The record was to be distributed by now-defunct Unicorn Records, a subsidiary of MCA. MCA Records was an American -based record company owned by MCA Inc Trouble began when MCA refused to handle Damaged after MCA executive Al Bergamo determined the album was an "Anti-Parent" record. Damaged is a 1981 album released by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag on SST Records, their first full-length LP. [9] However, according to longtime SST employee Joe Carducci[10] the "Anti-Parent" statement was not the real reason for MCA's refusing to distribute Damaged; Carducci reported that Unicorn Records was so poorly managed and so deeply in debt that MCA stood to lose money by distributing the record, regardless of its content. Joe Carducci is a Writer, Record producer, and former A&R executive formerly most closely associated with the influential record label SST Records Damaged is a 1981 album released by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag on SST Records, their first full-length LP. This was the beginning of a legal dispute that would, for a period a few years later, disallow Black Flag from using their own name on any record when Black Flag released Damaged on SST Records and placed a copy of the "Anti-Parent" statement on the record's cover. Damaged is a 1981 album released by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag on SST Records, their first full-length LP. SST Records is an American Independent record label formed in 1978 in Long Beach California by musician Greg Ginn.

With their new singer, Black Flag and The Minutemen made their first tour of Europe in the Winter of 1981. The Minutemen were an American Punk rock band formed in San Pedro, California in 1980 During that tour, the band met punk icon Richard Hell and opened a concert for him. Richard Hell (born Richard Meyers; October 2, 1949) is an American Singer, Songwriter, Bass guitarist Rollins later published his diaries from that tour in his book Get In The Van. Get in the Van is a Memoir by singer writer and spoken word artist Henry Rollins first published in 1994 by Rollins' own company 2 As the front man, Rollins was a frequent target of violent audience members, and became known for fist-fights with audience members. Rollins developed a distinct showmanship on stage, where he could entertain an audience just by talking to them.

As the band was about to return home from the European tour, UK customs detained Colombian drummer Robo due to visa problems, and he was not allowed back into the country. This would be the end of his tenure with the band (he eventually was able to get back into the United States and in 1983 would join The Misfits as their drummer). The Misfits are an American The loss of Robo temporarily put an end to extensive touring for a while. Emil Johnson of the Twisted Roots filled in for one tour, but it was clear he was only temporary. Emil Johnson (born ca 1966 was the third Drummer for Black Flag during the first half of 1982

While on that tour in Vancouver, the band found out that drummer Chuck Biscuits was leaving D.O.A.. Chuck Biscuits (real name Charles Montgomery (born April 17, 1965) was a Drummer for Victorian Pork, D He was quickly drafted onboard, traveling with the band for the rest of the tour (cut short because of Henry Rollins' twisted knee) to learn the songs. This lineup recorded the later-bootlegged cassette 1982 Demos, showing the direction the band would go in for the My War LP, and hinting at the greatness that might have been. However, due to personality conflicts and the Unicorn court injunction-forced inactivity of Black Flag, Biscuits left to join their rivals The Circle Jerks. (Later, Biscuits joined ex-Misfits singer Glenn Danzig's solo project Danzig). Danzig is an American Heavy metal band that fuses dark lyrics and imagery with Blues-rock influences Black Flag eventually got Bill Stevenson of The Descendents to join permanently (he had filled in from time-to-time before). People namded ' Bill Stevenson include Bill Stevenson (musician Bill Stevenson (American football This article is about the band For other uses see Descendant. While the Unicorn Records court injunction prevented the group from releasing a new studio album, they nonetheless continued to work on new material, and embarked on a period which would mark a pronounced change in the group's direction (and that of underground music in general).

Perhaps the violence of the previous tour had an effect on the band's direction. The group had also become increasingly interested in music other than punk rock, such as The Jimi Hendrix Experience, and some of the members (particularly Ginn) used cannabis. "The Experience" redirects here For other uses of this term see Experience (disambiguation. Cannabis ( Cán-na-bis) is a Genus of Flowering plants that includes three putative species Cannabis sativa subsp (However, various members had been fans of such music long before Black Flag, with Ginn being an avid Grateful Dead fan, and Cadena a fan of Hawkwind. The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in the San Francisco Bay Area. Hawkwind are a British rock band, one of the earliest Space rock groups ) Newer material (which can be heard on The 1982 Demos bootleg) was slower and less like typical punk music, with classic rock and blues influences seeping in. Cadena left to form his own band DC3. DC3 was an American Rock and roll band formed by singer songwriter and guitarist Dez Cadena in 1983 and active until 1987 He would take some of the new songs he had written for Black Flag with him and record them for DC3's first album.

Additionally, by late 1983, Dukowski had retired from performing with Black Flag (some accounts report he was "edged out" by Ginn[11]); Azerrad reports that Ginn was dissatisfied with Dukowski's failure to progress as an instrumentalist, and made things difficult for Dukowski in an attempt to make him quit, but in the end, Rollins took it on himself to fire Dukowski. Major releases Michael Jackson's Thriller, the highest-selling album of all time as well as the best-selling album of 1983 and 1984 was released [12] However, a few of Dukowski's songs were featured on later records, and he continued acting in his capacity as tour manager.

1983 found Black Flag with fresh songs and a new direction, but without a bass player, and embroiled in a legal dispute over distribution due to SST's issuing Damaged (Ginn argued that since MCA was no longer involved the Unicorn deal wasn't legally binding, while Unicorn disagreed and sued SST and Black Flag). Until the matter was sorted out, the band were prevented by a court injunction from using the name "Black Flag" on any recordings. An injunction is an Equitable remedy in the form of a Court order, whereby a party is required to do or interact with in certain ways all right or to refrain from They released a compilation record, Everything Went Black, which was credited to the individual musicians, not "Black Flag". In fact, wherever the original album artwork had the words "Black Flag", they had been covered up with small slips of paper, thus adhering to the letter of the law.

After Unicorn Records declared bankruptcy, Black Flag were released from the injunction, and returned with a vengeance, starting with the release of My War. My War is the second full length album by American Hardcore punk band Black Flag. This record was both a continuation of Damaged, and a vast leap forward. While the general mood and lyrics continue in the confrontational and emotional tone of Damaged, many songs are slowed down, mixing in influences such as Black Sabbath with hardcore. Black Sabbath are an The results were powerful, and the record would prove influential to grunge music as the decade progressed. Lacking a bass player, Ginn played bass guitar, using the pseudonym Dale Nixon. A pseudonym is a fictitious alternative to a person's legal name (see Alias) On the May 1, 2007 episode of his radio program Harmony In My Head, Rollins reported that one of Ginn's favorite albums during this era was Mahavishnu Orchestra's Birds of Fire (1973), and opined that John McLaughlin's guitar work influenced Ginn. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The Mahavishnu Orchestra was a Jazz-rock fusion group led by John McLaughlin, that debuted in 1971 and dissolved in 1976 and reunited briefly from 1984 to 1987 Birds of Fire (1973 is the Mahavishnu Orchestra 's second studio album and the last one performed by the original Mahavishnu Orchestra line-up before Jean-Luc John McLaughlin (born January 4 1942 also Mahavishnu John McLaughlin is a Jazz fusion Guitarist and Composer from Doncaster,

Freed legally to release albums, Black Flag was re-energized and ready to continue full steam ahead. The group recruited bassist Kira Roessler (sister of punk keyboardinst Paul Roessler, of 45 Grave fame) to replace Dukowski, and began its most prolific period. Kira Roessler (born June 12 1961) is an American Musician and Dialogue editor. Paul Roessler (born August 27, 1958) was a prominent member of the L 45 Grave, (also known as.45 Grave formed in 1979, is an American Punk rock band from Los Angeles CA, noted for their influential roles in the Horror With Roessler, Black Flag had arguably found their best bassist. Dukowski was a powerful player, but Roessler brought a level of sophistication and finesse to match Ginn's increasingly ambitious music, without sacrificing any of the visceral impact required for punk rock.

1984 saw Black Flag (and the SST label) at their most ambitious. This year they would release four full-length albums, and toured nearly constantly, with Rollins noting 178 performances for the year, and about that many for 1985. With Dukowski gone, Ginn ceded much of the spotlight to Rollins, who has expressed some discomfort[13] over being the group's de facto spokesman, while Ginn was the recognized leader (Ginn wrote the majority of the group's songs and lyrics).

With Roessler on board, Black Flag began earnest experimentation, sometimes to critical and audience disdain: One critic writes that Slip It In "blurs the line between moronic punk and moronic metal";[5] another writes My War is "a pretentious mess of a record with a totally worthless second side. "[14] Rollins reports that Black Flag's set-lists in this era rarely included older crowd favorites like "Six Pack" or "Nervous Breakdown", and that audiences were often irritated by the new, slower Black Flag. Violence against the band (and especially Rollins) was ever-present, although the vocalist was now an avid weight lifter, and more than able to defend himself. Furthermore, to Rollins' chagrin, Ginn's interest in marijuana steadily increased; as Rollins put it, "By '86 it was 'Cannot separate the man from his Anvil case with a big-ass stash. '"[15] Despite the initial resistance to the new music and quasi-psychedelic direction, My War would later be cited as a formative influence on grunge music. The group would continue to evolve toward a more heavy metal sound, with 1985's Loose Nut featuring more polished production. Loose Nut is an album released in 1985 by Black Flag on SST Records.

Later period and break up

Despite 1984-85 being the most fruitful period for the band and their record label, Ginn and Rollins would ultimately decide to eject Roessler from Black Flag, citing erratic behavior. It's also been suggested that Ginn's accommodating Roessler's college schedule created tension in the group. Her absence, and the lack of a steady drummer (Stevenson quit and was replaced by Anthony Martinez), contributed to the comparatively weak reputation of the last few Black Flag tours. Anthony Martinez was the last drummer for Black Flag. He did not record any studio material but can be heard on the live album Who's Got the 10½? and However, the live album Who's Got The 10 1/2 shows the evolving lineup, with Kira and drummer Martinez, to be a powerful and entertaining unit.

By 1986, Black Flag's members had grown tired of the tensions of their relentless touring schedule, infighting, and of living in near-poverty. Poverty (also called penury) is deprivation of common necessities that determine the quality of life including food clothing shelter and safe Drinking water, and The band had been together almost a decade, and true commercial success and stability had eluded them. The group's erratic artistic changes were a barrier to their retaining an audience - Ginn was so creatively restless that Black Flag's records were often very dissimilar. At one point, Rollins apparently said, "Why don't we make a record that was like the last one so people won't always be trying to catch up with what we're doing?"[16] Ginn was stunned by the suggestion; it was one of the few times Rollins had ever openly offered an opinion contrary to Ginn's. Perhaps this was why Ginn mixed Rollins' vocals low on the group's next studio album, In My Head. In My Head was the last studio album released by Black Flag. This album followed the album Loose Nut and was discredited by many Black Flag However, the record, with its powerful bluesy proto-grunge-cum-metal, did seem to finally be a cohesive followup to a previous album (Loose Nut) - but it would be their last.

Black Flag played their last concert on June 27, 1986, in Detroit, Michigan; this show has been widely available through online music trading services and is of surprisingly good sound quality. Events 1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded 1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) By this point the band had become increasingly talented at performing improvised "jams", with Rollins screaming out lyrics quite literally as they came to him (as is evident on this recording), turning some songs like "Louie, Louie" into frenetic, almost unrecognizable blasts of intensity.

In Get In The Van, Rollins wrote that Ginn telephoned him in August 1986: "He told me he was quitting the band. Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) I thought that was strange considering it was his band and all. So in one short phone call, it was all over. " Many sources claim the band did not "officially" break up until 1987, but this appears to be false.

Post-Black Flag

Since Black Flag's break-up, Rollins has had the most visible public profile as a musician, writer, and actor. Most Black Flag members have also remained active in music, especially Ginn, who continued playing with groups such as Gone, October Faction, and Screw Radio, and Stevenson, who continued on with The Descendents, ALL, Only Crime, and the reformed Lemonheads. Gone is a three-piece punk -based Instrumental rock band formed by Greg Ginn in late 1985 October Faction was one of the many off-shoots of seminal punk band Black Flag, led by guitarist Greg Ginn. People namded ' Bill Stevenson include Bill Stevenson (musician Bill Stevenson (American football This article is about the band For other uses see Descendant. All is a Fort Collins Colorado based Punk rock band formed by Descendents members Bill Stevenson, Karl Alvarez, and Stephen Only Crime is a punk supergroup formed by Good Riddance Singer Russ Rankin and Bane guitarist Aaron Dalbec

In September 2003, Black Flag played three reunion shows, two at the Hollywood Palladium and one at Alex's Bar in Long Beach, to benefit cat rescue organizations (a current passion of Ginn's). The Hollywood Palladium is a theater located at 6215 Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood California. Long Beach is a city located in southern California, USA, on the Pacific coast The line-up for the shows was Dez Cadena on vocals, Greg Ginn on guitar, ROBO on drums, and C'el Revuelta on bass. Dez Paul Cadena (born June 2, 1961 in Newark New Jersey) is an American Singer and Guitarist. Gregory Regis Ginn (born June 8, 1954) is a Guitarist, Songwriter and singer C'el Revuelta was the last bass player to play in the Hardcore punk band Black Flag before the band broke up in 1986. Professional skateboarder and singer Mike Vallely also sang all the songs from My War at these shows. Mike Vallely (pronounced VAL-uh-lee; born June 29, 1970) aka Mike V, is an American professional skateboarder. My War is the second full length album by American Hardcore punk band Black Flag.

Legacy

Throughout their ten-year career as a band, Black Flag’s experiences became legendary, especially in the Southern California area. Much of the band’s history is chronicled in Henry Rollins’ own published tour diary Get In The Van. For other uses of the term 'diary' see Diary (disambiguation. Get in the Van is a Memoir by singer writer and spoken word artist Henry Rollins first published in 1994 by Rollins' own company 2 Black Flag were reportedly blacklisted by the LAPD and Hollywood rock clubs because of the destructiveness of their fans, though Rollins has claimed that police caused far more problems than they solved.

SST Records, an independent American record label that was initially founded to release Black Flag’s debut single, released recordings by influential groups such as Bad Brains, the Minutemen, The Descendents, Meat Puppets, and Hüsker Dü. Bad Brains are an American Hardcore punk band formed in Washington D The Minutemen were an American Punk rock band formed in San Pedro, California in 1980 This article is about the band For other uses see Descendant. "Meat Puppet" redirects here For other uses see Meat puppet. For other uses see Husker Du. Hüsker Dü was an American Alternative rock band formed in Minneapolis-St As well, SST released some albums by Negativland, Soundgarden, and, for a short period, Sonic Youth. Negativland is an Experimental music and Sound collage band which originated in the San Francisco Bay Area in the late 1970s Sonic Youth is an American Alternative rock band formed in New York City in 1981 Black Flag were involved in legal battles when they attempted more mainstream distribution for their records.

Black Flag's career is chronicled in Our Band Could Be Your Life, a study of several important American underground rock groups. Our Band Could Be Your Life Scenes from the American Indie Underground 1981-1991 is a book by Michael Azerrad (ISBN 0-316-78753-1 Underground music refers to a variety of post-1960s rock pop or dance subgenres that developed a Cult following despite their lack of Mainstream appeal visibility Many members of the grunge scene cited Black Flag's My War album as being influential in their departure from the standard punk model. My War is the second full length album by American Hardcore punk band Black Flag. Steve Turner of Mudhoney stated in an interview, "A lot of other people around the country hated the fact that Black Flag slowed down . Steve Turner may refer to someone In professional sports: Steve Turner (rugby league, an Australian Rugby league footballer with the Mudhoney is an American Grunge band Formed in Seattle Washington in 1988 following the demise of Green River, Mudhoney has for the most of its recording . . but up here it was really great — we were like 'Yay!' They were weird and fucked-up sounding. ". [17]

Red Hot Chili Peppers bassist Flea has a Black Flag decal on one of his signature Modulus bass guitars, and guitarist John Frusciante has cited Greg Ginn as one of his early influences as a guitar player. Red Hot Chili Peppers are John Anthony Frusciante (pronounced) (born March 5 1970 is an American Guitarist, singer songwriter and record producer [18]

Punk band Rise Against portrayed Black Flag in the 2005 Lords of Dogtown film, and their cover of "Nervous Breakdown" is on the Lords of Dogtown soundtrack. Rise Against is an American Punk rock band from Chicago Illinois that was formed in 1999 Lords of Dogtown is an American Film from 2005 from both Columbia Pictures and TriStar Pictures, directed by Rise Against also does a cover of the Black Flag song "Fix Me" in the video game Tony Hawk's American Wasteland. Tony Hawk's American Wasteland, also known as THAW (and unofficially as Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 7) is a Video game that The Black Flag song "Rise Above" also appears on the popular skateboarding video game Tony Hawk's American Wasteland as well as in an episode of Freaks and Geeks. Tony Hawk's American Wasteland, also known as THAW (and unofficially as Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 7) is a Video game that Freaks and Geeks is an American Television series, created by Paul Feig and produced by Judd Apatow, that aired on The Black Flag song "TV Party" appears on a Futurama episode Bender Should Not Be Allowed on TV. Futurama is an Emmy Award -winning animated American sitcom created by Matt Groening, and developed by Groening and "Bender Should Not Be Allowed on TV" (also known as "Bender Should Not Be Allowed on Television", and in program records as "BSNBAOTV" "TV Party" also appears in the 1984 film Repo Man. An Episode of the Fox Network's Millennium entitled "Somehow, Satan Got Behind Me" features a scene in which a CGI dancing baby dressed as a devil slam dances to "My War. Millennium is an American supernatural thriller and crime drama television series produced by Chris Carter (creator of The X-Files Moshing or slamming refers to the activity in which audience members at live music performances aggressively push or slam into each other "

Initial Records released a Black Flag cover album in 2002 (re-released with additional tracks in 2006 by ReIgnition Recordings), Black On Black: A Tribute To Black Flag. Initial Records was an iconic Louisville based Independent record label during the Nineties and early part of the new millennium The compilation features 15 hardcore and metalcore bands,— including Most Precious Blood, Converge, The Dillinger Escape Plan, Drowningman, and Coalesce. Most Precious Blood formed in New York City out of the ashes of an older Hardcore punk band named Indecision. The Dillinger Escape Plan (sometimes abbreviated DEP or TDEP) is an American Mathcore band from Morris Plains New Jersey.

Black Flag influenced post-metal band Neurosis, who on their album Souls at Zero pursued a slower, sludgy direction similar to the My War album. Post-metal is a Music genre, a mixture between the genres of Post-rock and heavy metal, with roots in Progressive rock, Progressive Neurosis is an experimental metal band based out of Oakland, California. Souls at Zero is the third Studio album from the Californian band Neurosis and their first for the Alternative Tentacles label Singer Scott Kelly said of the band: "Black Flag is one of my deepest influences in life, and especially their brutally honest message of no message at all. Their music was always just talking about where they were, right at that moment. "[19]

Brodie Foster Hubbard has cited Black Flag as an influence, and when he plays punk rock versions of his songs with his band The Hired Hands (members of Night Wolf), he performs wearing only black gym shorts, in tribute to Henry Rollins. Brodie Foster Hubbard (born 1978 is an American Country music and Rock music Singer, Guitarist and Songwriter from Ryan Avery (born 1986 is an American Singer, Comedian and Performance artist, Photobooth artist and Mormon missionary Henry Rollins (born February 13 1961 as Henry Lawrence Garfield) is an American singer-songwriter Spoken word Artist, Stand-up comedian, author Omar Rodriguez-Lopez of The Mars Volta has claimed Black Flag as an influence, saying that ". Omar Alfredo Rodríguez-López (born September 1, 1975) is a Multi-instrumentalist, Songwriter, Lead guitarist and producer The Mars Volta is the name of a partnership between guitarist Omar Rodríguez-López and singer Cedric Bixler-Zavala founded in 2001 . . Music in English always sounded like a novelty - very much like how music in Spanish sounds like a novelty to most people - something funny and cute to me, and then I heard Black Flag and it just completely changed my perspective on what I wanted to be doing. "

Joey Castillo, the drummer for the band Queens of the Stone Age has a Black Flag sticker on his bass drum, and has cited Black Flag as an influence. Joey Castillo (born March 30, 1966, in Gardena California) is an American Drummer currently playing with Queens of the Queens of the Stone Age (also known as QOTSA or simply Queens) are a rock band from Palm Desert, California, United States In 2007, The Dirty Projectors released Rise Above, their own track-for-track re-imagining of Black Flag's Damaged. Dirty Projectors is the artist name of musician Dave Longstreth, a Yale graduate from the class of 2005 and Timothy Dwight residential college Rise Above is the latest album by Indie rock band Dirty Projectors released on September 11, 2007. Damaged is a 1981 album released by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag on SST Records, their first full-length LP.

Style

Visual imagery

The band's logo was created by artist Raymond Pettibon to symbolize their themes of rebellion and anarchy. As the band gained popularity the logo was graffitied in and around Los Angeles, drawing the attention of the police to the band's activities.
The band's logo was created by artist Raymond Pettibon to symbolize their themes of rebellion and anarchy. Raymond Pettibon (born Raymond Ginn on June 16, 1957) is an American artist and sometime musician and lyricist Anarchy (from αναρχία anarchía, "without ruler " may refer to any of the following "Absence of government a state of lawlessness As the band gained popularity the logo was graffitied in and around Los Angeles, drawing the attention of the police to the band's activities. Graffiti (singular graffito; the plural is used as a Mass noun) is the name for images or lettering scratched scrawled painted or marked in any manner on property Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West [20]

Black Flag's visual imagery and artwork complemented the themes found in the band's music. Greg Ginn's brother Raymond Ginn, under the pseudonym Raymond Pettibon, created the artwork for all of the band's studio releases with the exceptions of Damaged and the "TV Party" single, as well as providing artwork for the band members to transform into merchandise and gig flyers. A pseudonym is a fictitious alternative to a person's legal name (see Alias) Raymond Pettibon (born Raymond Ginn on June 16, 1957) is an American artist and sometime musician and lyricist Damaged is a 1981 album released by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag on SST Records, their first full-length LP. TV Party was a 7" EP released by the American Hardcore punk band Black Flag in July 1982 on SST Records. Gig is a term commonly used by bands with reference to their live shows generally the bands play through a speaker system more recently however there has been the worlds first Silent A flyer (also spelled flier or called handbill) is a single page leaflet Advertising a Nightclub, event, service, or other [21] When the band found it necessary to change their name from Panic in 1977, it was Pettibon who suggested the new name Black Flag and designed their iconic logo: four vertical black rectangles comprising a stylized rippling black flag. The logo evoked a number of meanings: it was the polar opposite of a white flag of surrender, as well as a symbol for anarchy and a traditional emblem of pirates. White flags have had different meanings throughout history and depending on the locale Anarchy (from αναρχία anarchía, "without ruler " may refer to any of the following "Absence of government a state of lawlessness Piracy is Robbery committed at sea or sometimes on shore without a commission from a sovereign Nation (as distinct from Privateering [22] As the band gained popularity the logo was graffitied on numerous highway overpasses and other public and private surfaces in and around Los Angeles, drawing the attention of the authorities and contributing to an increase in police presence at Black Flag shows. Graffiti (singular graffito; the plural is used as a Mass noun) is the name for images or lettering scratched scrawled painted or marked in any manner on property * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Before adding any more images to this * * page please do carefully consider * * whether they would be mere decoration * * or actually improve An overpass (called a flyover in the UK and most Commonwealth countries is a Bridge, Road, Railway or [20]

Pettibon's artwork for the band's albums and flyers was equally stark and confrontational. He typically worked in one panel using only pen and ink, so the message conveyed had to be direct and powerful due to lack of space and color. Pen and ink refers to a technique of drawing or writing in which colored (this includes black Ink is applied to paper using a Pen or other Stylus. [21] According to Michael Azerrad in Our Band Could Be Your Life, the artwork "was a perfect visual analogue to the music it promoted – gritty, stark, violent, smart, provocative, and utterly American. Michael Azerrad is an American Author, Journalist and Musician. Our Band Could Be Your Life Scenes from the American Indie Underground 1981-1991 is a book by Michael Azerrad (ISBN 0-316-78753-1 "[21] It also provided a cerebral aspect to the band's image: as the mainstream media caricatured Black Flag as a mindlessly aggressive act, the pairing of their music with high-concept artwork hinted at a greater intelligence at work that was unknown to outsiders. [21] Henry Rollins, in his journal collection Get in the Van, notes that Pettibon's artwork became synonymous with Black Flag and that before Rollins joined the band he would collect photocopies of their fliers that had circulated from California to Washington, DC. Henry Rollins (born February 13 1961 as Henry Lawrence Garfield) is an American singer-songwriter Spoken word Artist, Stand-up comedian, author Get in the Van is a Memoir by singer writer and spoken word artist Henry Rollins first published in 1994 by Rollins' own company 2 [23] The album cover for Nervous Breakdown had a particularly strong impact on Rollins: "The record's cover art said it all. This article refers to a music recording For the more general use of this term see Mental breakdown. A man with his back to the wall baring his fists. In front of him another man fending him off with a chair. I felt like the guy with his fists up every day of my life. "[24] Another image which drew considerable attention was the artwork created for the "Police Story" single, showing a police officer being held with a gun in his mouth while the unseen gunman demands "Make me come, faggot!" The image was plastered on flyers all around Los Angeles and added to the police pressure on the band. [20] Pettibon later remarked that "my values are relativistic, and I’ll give a cop the benefit of the doubt. If that’s me with my gat – my gat’s larger than the one depicted – we can have a discussion, and he can answer me just as well with my .357 barrel in his mouth, or on his cheek, or on his adenoids, or down his throat. A gun is a particular Weapon that propels Projectiles The projectile is generally fired through a hollow tube known as the gun's barrel. Adenoids (or pharyngeal tonsils, or nasopharyngeal tonsils) are a mass of Lymphoid tissue situated at the very back of the nose in the roof of the I’ll listen to his whimpering cries. "[25] After joining the band Rollins would sometimes watch Pettibon draw, admiring his work ethic and the fact that he did not make telephone calls or sit for interviews. [26] The drawings themselves rarely bore a direct connection to the music or its lyrical themes. Pettibon himself recalls that "These drawings just represented what I was thinking. Except for a few instances, the flyers weren't done as commercial art or advertising. You could have stuck anything on a photocopy machine and put the band name and made an advertising flyer, but these weren't done like that. A photocopier (or copier is a machine that makes Paper copies of documents and other visual images quickly and cheaply I was vehement about that as much as my personality allowed. "[27] Pettibon also sold pamphlet books of his work through SST, with titles such as Tripping Corpse, New Wave of Violence, and The Bible, the Bottle, and the Bomb, and did artwork for other SST acts such as the Minutemen. A pamphlet is an unbound Booklet (that is without a hard cover or binding) SST Records is an American Independent record label formed in 1978 in Long Beach California by musician Greg Ginn. The Minutemen were an American Punk rock band formed in San Pedro, California in 1980 [21]

Pettibon's drawing of a police officer being held at gunpoint was used on flyers and merchandise promoting the "Police Story" single. The speech blurb from the gunman reads "Make me come, faggot!" The text to the left reads "Art: Chuck Higby", a pseudonym.
Pettibon's drawing of a police officer being held at gunpoint was used on flyers and merchandise promoting the "Police Story" single. The speech blurb from the gunman reads "Make me come, faggot!" The text to the left reads "Art: Chuck Higby", a pseudonym. [20]

In order to adapt Pettibon's artwork to meet the layout requirements of their albums and flyers, the members of Black Flag would alter it by cutting and pasting and adding their name, logo, and gig details to it. They would then make photocopies and put up dozens of flyers to promote their shows. Rollins recalls going out on a flyering mission with roadie Mugger in 1981 in which the pair would put a layer of paste onto a telephone pole, stick up the flyer, and then cover it with an additional coat of paste so that it would last for up to a year. Glue or adhesive is a compound that adheres or bonds two items together A utility pole, telegraph pole, telephone pole, power (electricity pole, or telegraph post is a Pole used to support overhead The band members and their crew would do this for miles around, using dozens of flyers to promote a single performance. [28] Pettibon, however, did not always appreciate the band's treatment of his art, which he provided to them largely for free. [29] "To me my work was the equivalent of a band like Black Flag or any other band who was righteously self-protective of recordings. I would give them original art and it would come back to me scrawled upon and taped over or whited out, and I'd always ask nicely, 'Could you please make a copy of this first and then do that?' Their master tapes were deemed sacrosanct, while my work was seen as completely disposable, but I'm not venting or complaining, just stating fact. A correction fluid is an opaque white fluid applied to paper to mask errors in text "[27] Pettibon also felt pigeonholed by his association with the band, and had a falling out with them in 1985 over artwork used on the cover of the Loose Nut album, which had been used for a flyer several years earlier. Loose Nut is an album released in 1985 by Black Flag on SST Records. Ginn resurrected it without telling his brother and turned it over to drummer Bill Stevenson to do the layout, who cut it into pieces and used them as elements for the cover and lyric sheet. A drummer is a Musician who plays a Drum or drums particularly a Drum kit ("drum set" or "trap set" Marching percussion People namded ' Bill Stevenson include Bill Stevenson (musician Bill Stevenson (American football Pettibon became irate and he and Ginn stopped speaking for some time, though his artwork continued to be used for the remainder of the band's career. [29]


Members

For more details on this topic, see Black Flag band members. The following is a complete chronology of the various line-ups of the Hardcore punk band Black Flag, from the group's inception in 1976 (under the original name Panic until

Discography

Studio albums

Live albums

Compilation albums

Singles

Studio EPs

Live EPs

Bootlegs and other pressings

External links

References

General references

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b c Grad, David. "Fade to Black. " Spin. July 1997
  2. ^ Azerrad, Michael. Our Band Could Be Your Life: Scenes from the American Indie Underground, 1981-1991. Our Band Could Be Your Life Scenes from the American Indie Underground 1981-1991 is a book by Michael Azerrad (ISBN 0-316-78753-1 Little Brown and Company, 2001. ISBN 0-316-78753-1, p. 19.
  3. ^ A 12-Step Program in Self-Reliance. LA Weekly. Retrieved on May 27, 2006.
  4. ^ Song review - TV Party. Allmusic. Retrieved on May 27, 2006.
  5. ^ a b Black Flag. TrouserPress.com. A trouser press is an Electrical appliance used to smooth the Wrinkles from a pair of Trousers ( pants in Australia, Retrieved on May 27, 2006.
  6. ^ Black Flag - the first five years. MOJO magazine. Retrieved on May 27, 2006.
  7. ^ Song review - TV Party. Allmusic. Retrieved on May 27, 2006.
  8. ^ Review - Damaged. Allmusic. Retrieved on May 27, 2006.
  9. ^ Black Flag. Sounds magazine. Retrieved on May 27, 2006.
  10. ^ Carducci, Joe, Rock & the Pop Narcotic; 2. 13. 61 Publications, 1995, ISBN 978-1880985113
  11. ^ Band line-ups. The Mighty Black Flag. Retrieved on May 27, 2006.
  12. ^ Azerrad, 41.
  13. ^ see the track "Henry" from the spoken word compilation double LP "English As A Second Language"(1984)
  14. ^ Review - My War. Allmusic. Retrieved on May 27, 2006.
  15. ^ Azerrad, 58.
  16. ^ Azerrad, 59.
  17. ^ Azerrad, 419.
  18. ^ The New Guitar Gods. Rolling Stone. Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published Retrieved on 2008-02-07. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince
  19. ^ Scott Kelly Artist Page from Neurot Recordings. Retrieved on 2007-07-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song.
  20. ^ a b c d Azerrad, 21.
  21. ^ a b c d e Azerrad, 51.
  22. ^ Azerrad, 19.
  23. ^ Rollins, Get in the Van, 3.
  24. ^ Rollins, Get in the Van, 9.
  25. ^ Penalty, Jeff (2008). Jeff Penalty (b Jeff Alulis and raised in Broomall Pennsylvania) is the former lead singer of the Dead Kennedys, joining them in 2003 Raymond Pettibon. Swindle. Retrieved on 2008-02-10. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead
  26. ^ Rollins, Get in the Van, 173.
  27. ^ a b Spitz, Mark; Brendan Mullen, Ed. Mark Andrew Spitz (born February 10 1950 is a retired American Swimmer, best known for winning seven gold medals at the 1972 Munich Olympic Games (2001). We Got the Neutron Bomb: The Untold Story of L. A. Punk. New York: Three Rivers Press, pp. The City of New York Three Rivers Press is the trade paperback imprint of the Crown Publishing Group, a division of Random House. 198-199. ISBN 0609807749.  
  28. ^ Rollins, Get in the Van, 21.
  29. ^ a b Azerrad, 54.
  30. ^ Red Rockers discography
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