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Bernie Sanders
Bernie Sanders
Incumbent
Assumed office 
January 3, 2007
Serving with Patrick Leahy
Preceded by Jim Jeffords
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Vermont's At-Large district
In office
January 3, 1991 – January 3, 2007
Preceded by Peter P. Smith
Succeeded by Peter Welch
Born September 8, 1941 (1941-09-08) (age 66)
New York City, New York
Political party Independent
Caucuses with the Democratic Party
Spouse Jane O'Meara
Alma mater University of Chicago
Religion Jewish

Bernard "Bernie" Sanders (born September 8, 1941) is the current junior United States Senator from Vermont. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Vermont ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. James Merrill "Jim" Jeffords (born May 11, 1934) is a former U The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. Vermont ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The US state of Vermont has been represented in the United States House of Representatives by a single at-large Congressional district since the Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. For the British television actor see Peter Welch (actor. Peter F Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The City of New York New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous In Politics, an independent is a Politician who is not Affiliated with any Political party. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Alma mater is Latin for "nourishing mother" It was used in Ancient Rome as a title for the mother Goddess, and in Medieval The University of Chicago is a Private university located principally in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Vermont ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. Sanders was elected on November 7, 2006, and is presently a member of the 110th United States Congress. Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Before becoming Senator, Sanders represented Vermont's at-large district in the United States House of Representatives for 16 years. The US state of Vermont has been represented in the United States House of Representatives by a single at-large Congressional district since the The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate.

Sanders is a self-described democratic socialist, but because he does not belong to a formal political party he appears as an independent on the ballot. Democratic socialism is a description used by various socialist movements tendencies and organizations to emphasize the democratic character of their political orientation In Politics, an independent is a Politician who is not Affiliated with any Political party. Sanders caucuses with the Democratic Party and is counted as a Democrat for the purposes of committee assignments. A Congressional caucus is a group of members of the United States Congress that meets to pursue common legislative objectives The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. He was the only independent member of the House during much of his service there and is one of two independent Senators in the 110th Congress, along with Joe Lieberman. Joseph Isadore "Joe" Lieberman (born February 24 1942 is the junior United States Senator from Connecticut. Sanders is the first self-described socialist to be elected to the U. S. Senate. [1] Sanders left the House in order to run in the 2006 election for the Senate seat being vacated by the retiring Jim Jeffords and won the election with 65% of the vote. The Vermont Senate election of 2006 was held on November 7, 2006, and was won by independent candidate Bernie Sanders. James Merrill "Jim" Jeffords (born May 11, 1934) is a former U [2]

Contents

Early life

Sanders, the son of Jewish-Polish immigrants to the United States was born in Brooklyn. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland American immigration ( emigration to the United States of America) refers to the movement of non-residents to the United States. Brooklyn (named after the Dutch town Breukelen) is one of the five boroughs of New York City. He graduated from James Madison High School in Brooklyn and later attended the University of Chicago, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in 1964. James Madison High School is a Public high school located at 3787 Bedford Avenue Brooklyn New York, and educates grades 9 through 12 The University of Chicago is a Private university located principally in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. A Bachelor of Science ( BS, BSc or BSc in the UK; less commonly S A degree is any of a wide range of status levels conferred by institutions of Higher education, such as universities, normally as the result of successfully completing [3] Sanders moved to Vermont in 1964. He worked as a carpenter and journalist. [3]

Early political career

Sanders' political career began in 1971, when he joined the anti-Vietnam War Liberty Union Party in Vermont. Opposition to US involvement in the Vietnam War is significant because domestic protest in the U The Liberty Union Party of Vermont, founded in June 1970 by former Congressman William H Sanders was an unsuccessful Liberty Union candidate for election to the Senate in 1972 and 1974, as well as for governor of Vermont in 1972, 1976 and 1986. In his initial campaign Sanders received only two percent of the vote, but in subsequent races for Senate and Governor were slightly more successful, with Sanders' highest vote tally being six percent.

In 1977, Sanders resigned from the Liberty Union party and worked as a writer and the director of the non-profit American People's Historical Society. A non-profit organization ( abbreviated "NPO" also "not-for-profit" is a legally constituted Organization whose objective is to support or engage In 1981, at the suggestion of his friend Richard Sugarman, a religion professor at the University of Vermont, Sanders ran for mayor of Burlington and defeated six-term Democratic incumbent Gordon Paquette by 12 votes, in a four-way contest. The University of Vermont is a national public research university and the state of Vermont's land-grant university Burlington is the largest city in the US state of Vermont and is the shire town ( County seat) of (An independent candidate, Richard Bove, split the Democratic vote after losing the primary to Paquette).

Increasingly popular because of his successful revitalization of Burlington's downtown area, Sanders won three more terms, defeating both Democratic and Republican candidates. In his last run for mayor, in 1987, he defeated a candidate endorsed by both major parties.

During his first term, supporters of Sanders formed the Progressive Coalition, forerunner of the Vermont Progressive Party. The Vermont Progressive Party is an American Political party. The Progressives never held more than six seats on the 13-member city council, but held enough votes to keep the council from overriding Sanders's vetoes. Under Sanders, Burlington became the first city in the country to fund community-trust housing. His administration also sued the local cable television provider and won considerably reduced rates and a substantial cash settlement.

Sanders ran for governor for the third time in 1986. He finished third with 14. 5 percent of the vote, which was enough to deny incumbent Democrat Madeleine Kunin a majority; she was elected by the state legislature. Madeleine May Kunin (born September 28 1933) is a Swiss - American diplomat and politician In 1988, when six-term incumbent Representative Jim Jeffords made a successful run for the Senate, Sanders ran for Jeffords' vacated seat in the House. James Merrill "Jim" Jeffords (born May 11, 1934) is a former U Sanders narrowly lost to Peter P. Smith, the former lieutenant governor and the 1986 Republican candidate for governor. Sanders again ran against Smith in 1990. In one of the biggest upsets in recent political history, he took 56 percent of the vote and defeated Smith by 16 points, becoming the first independent member of the House since 1950.

Sanders taught at Harvard University in 1989 and Hamilton College in 1991. Hamilton College is a private independent liberal arts college located in Clinton, New York.

In the House of Representatives

Sanders in 2006
Sanders in 2006

Although relations between Sanders and House Democratic leadership were not always smooth, the Democrats have not actively campaigned against Sanders since his first run for Congress as an independent. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses While Democratic candidates ran against him in every election except 1994 (when Sanders managed to win the Democrats' endorsement), they received little financial support. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar)

Sanders was reelected six times and was the longest-serving independent member of the House. Despite his independent status, he only faced one difficult contest. That came in 1994, in the midst of the Republican Revolution that swept Republicans into control of the Congress. The term can also refer to the 1911 Xinhai Revolution that led to the establishment of the Republic of China. In a year when many marginal seats fell to Republicans, Sanders managed a narrow three-point victory. In every other election, he has won at least 55 percent of the vote. In his last congressional campaign, in 2004, Sanders took 69 percent to Republican Greg Parke's 24 percent and Democrat Larry Drown's 7 percent.

Sanders' lifetime legislative score from the AFL-CIO is 100 percent. American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, commonly AFL-CIO, is a National trade union center, the largest federation of As of 2006, he has a grade of "C-" from the National Rifle Association (NRA). The National Rifle Association, or NRA, is a non-profit ( 501(c(4) group dedicated to the protection of the Second Amendment of the Sanders voted against the Brady Bill and in favor of an NRA-supported bill to restrict lawsuits against gun manufacturers in 2005. The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act of 1983( codified at, also known as the Brady Bill, passed as by the United States Congress, signed into law by President [4] Sanders voted to abolish the so-called "marriage penalty" and also for a bill that sought to ban human cloning. Human cloning is the creation of a genetically identical copy of a Human being human cell, or human tissue. Sanders has endorsed every Democratic candidate for president of the United States since 1992. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Sanders is a co-founder of the House Progressive Caucus and chaired the grouping of mostly left-wing Democrats for its first eight years. The Congressional Progressive Caucus (CPC is the single largest partisan caucus in the United States House of Representatives, and works together to advance

Sanders voted against both resolutions authorizing the use of force against Iraq in 1991 and 2002 and opposed the 2003 invasion of Iraq. " Iraq Resolution " and " Iraq War Resolution " are popular names for the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002 The 2003 invasion of Iraq, from March 20 to May 1 2003 was spearheaded by the United States, backed by British forces and smaller contingents from Australia He later joined almost all of his colleagues in voting for a non-binding resolution expressing support for U. A non-binding resolution is a written motion adopted by a Deliberative body that cannot progress into a Law. S. troops at the outset of the invasion, although he gave a floor speech blasting the partisan nature of the resolution and the Bush administration's actions in the run-up to the war. In relation to the leak investigation involving Valerie Plame, on April 7, 2006, Sanders said, "The revelation that the president authorized the release of classified information in order to discredit an Iraq war critic should tell every member of Congress that the time is now for a serious investigation of how we got into the war in Iraq, and why Congress can no longer act as a rubber stamp for the president. Valerie Elise Plame Wilson (born 19 April 1963) known as Valerie Plame, Valerie E Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. "[5] Sanders supports universal health care and opposes what he terms "unfettered" free trade [1], which he argues deprives American workers of their jobs while exploiting foreign workers in sweatshop factories. Universal health care is health care coverage which is extended to all eligible residents of a governmental region Free trade is a system in which the trade of goods and services between or within countries flows unhindered by government-imposed restrictions A sweatshop is a working environment with very difficult or dangerous conditions usually where the workers have few rights or ways to address their situation

An amendment he offered in June 2005 to limit provisions giving the government power to obtain individuals' library and book-buying records passed the House by a bipartisan majority, but was removed on November 4 of that year by House-Senate negotiators, and never became law. [6] Sanders followed this vote on November 5, 2005, by voting against the Online Freedom of Speech Act, which would have exempted the Internet from the restrictions of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (McCain-Feingold Bill). Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 ( BCRA, McCain–Feingold Act,) is United States federal law that amended the Federal Election Campaign

In March 2006, Sanders stated it would be impractical, given the "reality that the Republicans control the House and the Senate", to impeach George W. Bush after a series of resolutions calling for him to bring articles of impeachment against the president passed in various towns in Vermont. Impeachment is the first of two stages in a specific process for a legislative body to forcibly remove a Government official George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. The articles of impeachment are the set of charges drafted against a public official to initiate the Impeachment process Vermont ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. Still, Sanders makes no secret of his opposition to the George W. Bush administration, which he has regularly attacked for cuts in social programs he supports. The Presidency of George W Bush began on his inauguration on January 20, 2001 as the 43rd and current President of the United States of America [7][8][9]

Sanders has also criticized Alan Greenspan. Alan Greenspan (born March 6 1926 in New York City) is an American Economist and was from 1987 to 2006 the Chairman of the Federal Reserve of In June 2003, during a question-and-answer discussion with then-Federal Reserve chairman, Sanders told Greenspan that he was concerned that Greenspan was "way out of touch" and "that you see your major function in your position as the need to represent the wealthy and large corporations. "[10]

Republicans have attacked Sanders as "an ineffective extremist" for passing only one law and fifteen amendments in his eight terms in the House. Extremism is a term used to describe the actions or ideologies of individuals or groups outside the perceived political center of a society or otherwise claimed to violate [11][12] Sanders responded by saying that he had passed "the most floor amendments of any member of the House since 1996. "[13] Democratic National Committee chair Howard Dean has stated that "Bernie Sanders votes with the Democrats 98 percent of the time. The Democratic National Committee (DNC is the principal organization governing the United States Democratic Party on a day to day basis Howard Brush Dean III, (born November 17 1948 is an American "[14]

Senate campaign

Main article: Vermont United States Senate election, 2006

Sanders had mentioned on several occasions that he would run for the Senate if Jeffords (with whom he has a longstanding friendship) were ever to retire, and entered the race on April 21, 2005, following Jeffords's announcement that he would not seek a fourth term. The Vermont Senate election of 2006 was held on November 7, 2006, and was won by independent candidate Bernie Sanders. Events 753 BC - Romulus and Remus found Rome ( traditional date) Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. New York Senator Chuck Schumer, chairman of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, endorsed Sanders; Schumer's backing was critical, as it meant that any Democrat running against Sanders could not expect to receive any significant financial help on a national level. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Charles Ellis "Chuck" Schumer (born November 23, 1950) is the senior U The Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee ( DSCC) is the Democratic Hill committee for the United Sanders was also endorsed by Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid of Nevada, and Democratic National Committee chairman and former Vermont governor Howard Dean. The Senate Majority and Minority Leaders (also called Senate Floor Leaders) are two United States Senators who are elected by the party conferences Harry Mason Reid (born December 2 1939 is the senior United States Senator from Nevada and a member of the Democratic Party, as well as Nevada ( is a state located in the western region of the United States of America. The Democratic National Committee (DNC is the principal organization governing the United States Democratic Party on a day to day basis Howard Brush Dean III, (born November 17 1948 is an American Dean said in May 2005 that he considered Sanders an ally who voted with House Democrats. Senator Barack Obama also campaigned for Sanders in Vermont. Sanders entered into an agreement with the Democratic Party to be listed in their primary but to decline the nomination should he win, which he did easily. [15]

Speculation abounded that the state's popular Republican governor, Jim Douglas, would enter the race as well. James H "Jim" Douglas (born June 21, 1951) is an American politician from the U Many pundits believed Douglas was the only Republican who could possibly defeat Sanders. However, on April 30, Douglas announced he would seek a third term as governor. Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule In the view of many pundits, this effectively handed the open seat to Sanders.

Sanders consistently led his Republican challenger, businessman Richard Tarrant, by wide margins in polling. Richard Edward Tarrant, (born August 6 1942 in Newark New Jersey) is an American Businessman In the most expensive political campaign in Vermont's history,[16] Sanders defeated Tarrant by an approximately 2-to-1 margin in the 2006 midterm election. The 2006 United States midterm elections were held on Tuesday November 7 2006. Many national media outlets (including CNN) projected Sanders the winner before any returns came in. Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner

Sanders is only the third Senator from Vermont to caucus with the Democrats — following Jeffords and Patrick Leahy. Patrick Joseph Leahy (born March 31, 1940) is the senior United States Senator from Vermont. Sanders made a deal with the Democratic leadership similar to the one Jeffords made after Jeffords became an independent. In exchange for keeping his seniority from the House and receiving the committee seats that would be available to him as a Democrat, Sanders votes with the Democrats on all procedural matters unless he asks permission of Majority Whip Richard Durbin. The Assistant Majority and' Minority Leaders of the United States Senate' (commonly called Senate Majority and' Minority Whips) are the second-ranking However, such a request is almost never made and is almost never granted. He is free to vote as he pleases on policy matters, but almost always votes with the Democrats.

Senate career

The Global Warming Pollution Reduction Act of 2007 was introduced by Senators Sanders and Barbara Boxer (D-CA) on January 15, 2007. The Global Warming Pollution Reduction Act of 2007 ( was proposed in the 110th United States Congress by Senators Bernie Sanders (I-VT and Barbara The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Barbara Levy Boxer (born 11 November 1940 is an American Democratic Politician and the current junior U The measure would provide funding for R&D on geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide, set emissions standards for new vehicles and a renewable fuels requirement for gasoline beginning in 2016, establish energy efficiency and renewable portfolio standards beginning in 2008 and low-carbon electric generation standards beginning in 2016 for electric utilities, and require periodic evaluations by the National Academy of Sciences to determine whether emissions targets are adequate. CO2 sequestration or "storage" is the storage of carbon dioxide (usually captured from the "atmosphere" in a solid material through biological or physical Emissions trading (or emission trading) is an administrative approach used to control Pollution by providing economic Incentives for [17]

Committee assignments

Personal life and trivia

References

  1. ^ Borger, Julian. "Democrats pile pressure on Bush as glitches hit US poll", Guardian, 2006-11-08. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration Retrieved on 2006-11-08. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration  
  2. ^ U.S. Senate / Vermont. America Votes 2006. CNN. Retrieved on 2006-11-09. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims sentencing all
  3. ^ a b Leibovich, Mark (2007-01-21). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. The Socialist Senator. The New York Times Magazine. The New York Times Magazine is a supplement to the Sunday The New York Times newspaper The New York Times. Retrieved on 2007-07-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls,
  4. ^ Final Vote Results for Roll Call 534. Office of the clerk, US House of Representatives. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. Retrieved on 2007-07-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls,
  5. ^ Yost, Pete (2006-04-07). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Libby: Bush, Cheney OK’d leak campaign. The Associated Press. The Associated Press ( AP) is an American News agency. The AP is a Cooperative owned by its contributing Newspapers radio Retrieved on 2007-07-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls,
  6. ^ Message
  7. ^ http://bernie.house.gov/documents/releases/20040520150051.asp]
  8. ^ http://www.tpmcafe.com/story/2005/6/24/155932/073
  9. ^ http://bernie.house.gov/multimedia/video.asp?video='4791'
  10. ^ http://bernie.house.gov/statements/20030716135257.asp
  11. ^ National Republican Senatorial Committee
  12. ^ http://www.nrsc.org/newsdesk/document.aspx?ID=214
  13. ^ » Bernie on GOP Hit List
  14. ^ Transcript for May 22 - Meet the Press, online at MSNBC - MSNBC.com
  15. ^ "U.S. Senate: Tarrant-Sanders duel set", Burlington Free Press, 2006-09-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Retrieved on 2006-11-08. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration  
  16. ^ Ring, Wilson. "Sanders, Welch are winners in Vermont", Boston Globe, Associated Press, 2006-11-07. The Boston Globe (and Boston Sunday Globe) is the most widely circulated daily Newspaper in Boston and in New England, Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Retrieved on 2007-01-25. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate  
  17. ^ Climate Change Bills of the 110th Congress Environmental Defense, May 29, 2007.

External links

Official sites
Resources
Interviews
Articles by Sanders
Articles about Sanders
Political offices
Preceded by
Gordon Paquette		 Mayor of Burlington, Vermont
1981 – 1989		 Succeeded by
Peter Clavelle
Preceded by
Peter P. Smith		 Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Vermont's At-large congressional district
1991 – 2007		 Succeeded by
Peter Welch
Preceded by
Jim Jeffords		 United States Senator (Class 1) from Vermont
January 3, 2007 – present
Served alongside: Patrick Leahy		 Incumbent
The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a Biographical dictionary of all present and former members of the United States Congress as The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D The Federal Election Commission (or FEC) is an independent regulatory agency that was founded in 1975 by the United States Congress to regulate the The Center for Responsive Politics (CRP is a nonpartisan research group based in Washington D Project Vote Smart ( PVS) is a Non-profit, Non-partisan research organization that collects and distributes information on candidates for public office in National Review ( NR) is a biweekly Magazine and Web site, founded by the late author William F Events 879 - Louis III becomes King of the Western Franks. 1407 - the lama Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Burlington is the largest city in the US state of Vermont and is the shire town ( County seat) of Peter A Clavelle (born May 10 1949) is a prominent Vermont politician and former Mayor of Burlington. These are tables of congressional delegations from Vermont to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. The US state of Vermont has been represented in the United States House of Representatives by a single at-large Congressional district since the For the British television actor see Peter Welch (actor. Peter F James Merrill "Jim" Jeffords (born May 11, 1934) is a former U Vermont was admitted to the Union on March 4, 1791. Its current United States Senators are Patrick Leahy and Bernie Sanders Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Patrick Joseph Leahy (born March 31, 1940) is the senior United States Senator from Vermont.
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