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Berchtesgaden
An aerial image of Berchtesgaden.
An aerial image of Berchtesgaden.
Coat of arms Location
Coat of arms of Berchtesgaden
Berchtesgaden (Germany)
Berchtesgaden
Administration
Country Flag of Germany Germany
State Bavaria
Admin. region Upper Bavaria
District Berchtesgadener Land
Mayor Rudolf Schaupp (FW)
Basic statistics
Area 34. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular Bavaria ( German:, with an area of 70553 Km² (27241 square miles and almost 12 A Regierungsbezirk is a type of government region of Germany, a subdivision of certain federal states ( ''Bundesländer'') Upper Bavaria (Oberbayern is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the south of Bavaria around the city of Munich German districts (de ''Kreise'' or de ''Landkreise'' in the states of Nordrhein-Westfalen and Schleswig-Holstein, singular de ''Kreis'' and de ''Landreis'' Berchtesgadener Land is a district in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by the district of Traunstein and by the state of Austria. Burgomaster (alternatively spelled Burgo[[meister]], literally translated meaning master of the town or master of the Fortress This is a list of political parties in Germany. Germany has a Multi-party system with two large parties three substantial smaller parties and a number of minor Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 78 km² (13. 4 sq mi)
Elevation 700 m  (2297 ft)
Population 7,752  (30/06/2004)
 - Density 223 /km² (577 /sq mi)
Other information
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Licence plate BGL
Postal code 83471
Area codes +49 8652
Website berchtesgaden.de
Location of Berchtesgaden within Berchtesgadener Land district
Map

Coordinates: 47°37′53″N 13°0′15″E / 47.63139, 13.00417

Berchtesgaden (IPA: [bɛʁçtəsˈgaːdən]) is a municipality in the German Bavarian Alps. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time German car number plates ( Kfz-Kennzeichen) show the place where the car carrying them is registered __FORCETOC__ Postal codes in Germany, Postleitzahl (plural Postleitzahlen abbreviated to PLZ consist of five digits which indicate the wider area (first two digits and the see also Telephone numbering in Germany for further codes including service numbers cell phones etc A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Municipalities ( Gemeinde) are the lowest level of territorial division in Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The Northern Limestone Alps ( German: Nördliche Kalkalpen) are the ranges of the Eastern Alps north of the Central Eastern Alps located It is located in the south district of Berchtesgadener Land in Bavaria, near the border with Austria, some 30 km south of Salzburg and 180 km southeast of Munich. Berchtesgadener Land is a district in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by the district of Traunstein and by the state of Austria. Bavaria ( German:, with an area of 70553 Km² (27241 square miles and almost 12 Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich is the fourth-largest city in Austria and the capital of the federal state of Salzburg. Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. It is situated north of the Nationalpark Berchtesgaden.

Berchtesgaden is often associated with the fabled Mount Watzmann, at 2713 m the third-highest mountain in Germany (after Zugspitze and Hochwanner), which is renowned in the rock climbing community for its Ostwand] (East Face), and a deep glacial lake by the name of Königssee (5. The Watzmann is the third highest Mountain in Germany ( Zugspitze is the highest at 2962m Hochwanner the second at 2746m The Zugspitze is the highest Mountain in Germany. It is located at the Austrian border in the town of Grainau of the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen The Königssee is a Lake located in the extreme southeast of the German State of Bavaria (''Bayern'', near the German-Austrian Border 2 km²). Another notable peak is the Kehlstein mountain (1835 m) with its ever popular Kehlsteinhaus (Eagle's Nest), which offers spectacular views to its visitors. Kehlstein is a mountain in the German Alps near Berchtesgaden. The Kehlsteinhaus (in English-speaking countries also known as the Eagle's Nest) is a chalet-style building which when built was an extension of the Obersalzberg

Berchtesgaden's neighboring towns are Bischofswiesen, Marktschellenberg, Ramsau and Schönau am Königssee. Bischofswiesen is a municipality in the district of Berchtesgadener Land in Bavaria in Germany. Marktschellenberg is a municipality in the district of Berchtesgadener Land in Bavaria in Germany. Schönau am Königsee is a municipality in the district of Berchtesgadener Land in the German state of Bavaria.

Contents

History

First historical note dates back to 1102 and it mentions the area because of its rich salt deposits. Much of Berchtesgaden's wealth has been derived from its salt mines. The town served as independent Fürstpropstei until the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss in 1803. Berchtesgaden Provostry or the Prince-Provostry of Berchtesgaden (Fürstpropstei Berchtesgaden was a " Reichsunmittelbar " Canonry The German Mediatisation was the series of mediatisations and secularisations that occurred in Germany in 1795 &ndash 1814, during 1803 ( MDCCCIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a During the Napoleonic wars, Berchtesgaden changed hands a few times. The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions Salzburg was always interested in Berchtesgaden and French troops occupied the area a short time. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Berchtesgaden came under Bavarian rule in 1810 and became instantly popular with the Bavarian royal family, which often visited Königssee and maintained a royal hunting residence in the town itself. Year 1810 ( MDCCCX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Nascent tourism started to evolve and a number of artists came to the area, which reportedly gave rise to "Malereck" (literally painter's corner) on the shore of Königssee. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of Activities to do with creating Art, practicing the Arts and/or demonstrating The most famous author who lived in Berchtesgaden was Ludwig Ganghofer. Ludwig Ganghofer ( July 7 1855 - July 24, 1920) was a German Writer who became famous for his homeland novels

Nazis in Berchtesgaden

The area of Obersalzberg was purchased by the Nazis in the 1920s for their senior leaders to enjoy. Obersalzberg is a mountainside above the village of Berchtesgaden in Bavaria, Germany. Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada Hitler's mountain residence, the Berghof, was located here. Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately The Berghof was Adolf Hitler 's home in the Obersalzberg of the Bavarian Alps near Berchtesgaden, Germany. Berchtesgaden and its environs (Stanggass) were fitted to serve as an outpost of the German Reichskanzlei office (Imperial Chancellery), which sealed the area's fate as a strategic objective for Allied forces in World War II. The Reich Chancellery ( German Reichskanzlei) was the traditional name of the office of the German Chancellor The Allies of World War II were the countries officially opposed to the Axis powers during the Second World War. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Some typical Third Reich buildings in Berchtesgaden include the Bahnhof (station), that had a reception for Hitler and his guests, and the Postamt (postoffice) next to the Bahnhof. The Berchtesgadener Hof Hotel was a hotel where famous visitors stayed, such as Eva Braun, Erwin Rommel, Josef Goebbels and Heinrich Himmler, as well as Neville Chamberlain in and David Lloyd George. Eva Anna Paula Braun, died Eva Anna Paula Hitler ( 6 February 1912 – 30 April 1945) was the longtime companion of Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel ( ( 15 November 1891 – 14 October 1944) (also known as the " Desert Fox " Wüstenfuchs Paul Joseph Goebbels (German pronunciation ˈɡœbəls English generally ˈɡɝbəlz (29 October 1897 1 May 1945 was a German politician and Reich Minister of Public Heinrich Luitpold Himmler ( 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945 was a Nazi German politician and head of the Schutzstaffel (SS. Arthur Neville Chamberlain (18 March 1869 &ndash 9 November 1940 was a British Conservative Politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom David Lloyd George 1st Earl Lloyd George of Dwyfor OM, PC (17 January 1863 &ndash 26 March 1945 was a British Statesman and the only The hotel was torn down in 2006. There is a museum on the spot now, called 'Haus der Berge'.

The Obersalzberg

A number of other relics of the Nazi era can still be found in the area, although only few of them are still well preserved. There is the Kehlsteinhaus (nicknamed Eagle's Nest by a French diplomat), which was built as a present for Hitler's 50th birthday in 1939. The Kehlsteinhaus (in English-speaking countries also known as the Eagle's Nest) is a chalet-style building which when built was an extension of the Obersalzberg Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The remnants of homes of former Nazi leaders such as Adolf Hitler, Hermann Göring, and Martin Bormann were all demolished in the early post-war years. Hermann Wilhelm Göring (also spelled Goering) (12 January 1893 15 October 1946 was a German Politician, Military leader and a leading member Martin Ludwig Bormann (17 June 1900 – 2 May 1945

The Platterhof was retained and served as a retreat for the American military. It was known as the General Walker Hotel. It was demolished in 2000. The only remaining buildings are the former SS HQ at Hotel Zum Türken and the Kehlsteinhaus. The ( German for "Protective Squadron" abbreviated SS - or ( Runic)- was a major Nazi organization under Adolf Hitler and the Headquarters (HQ denotes the location where most if not all of the important functions of an organization are concentrated A small part of the Platterhof is also still there. The information centre on the mountain is the former guesthouse Höher Göll. It has an entrance to the Obersalzberg bunker system.

Post-War Era

View of the Bavarian Alps around Berchtesgaden, Germany
View of the Bavarian Alps around Berchtesgaden, Germany

After the war, Obersalzberg became a military zone and most of its buildings were seized by the U.S. Army. The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. Hotel Platterhof was rebuilt and renamed General Walker Hotel[1] in 1952. General Walker Hotel is a former Third Reich and AFRC Hotel in Obersalzberg, Germany (named for U Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. It served as an integral part of the U. S. Armed Forces Recreation Center (AFRC) for the duration of the Cold War and beyond. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the The Berghof was demolished in 1953. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

In 1995, 50 years after the end of World War II and 5 years after German reunification, the AFRC Berchtesgaden was turned over to Bavarian authorities to facilitate military spending reductions mandated within the Base Realignment and Closure program by the United States Congress and the Pentagon during the administration of U.S. President Bill Clinton. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 German reunification (Deutsche Wiedervereinigung took place twice after 1945 first in 1957 the Saarland was permitted to join the Federal Republic of Germany Base Realignment and Closure (or BRAC) is a process of the United States federal government directed at the administration and operation of the Armed The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses The United States Department of Defense ( DOD or DoD) is the federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States The General Walker Hotel was demolished shortly thereafter. Its ruins, along with the remnants of the Berghof, were removed in 1996 to make room for a new bus depot serving the bus line to the Kehlsteinhaus and a for the new InterContinental Hotel Resort. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) The former guesthouse "Hoher Goell" now serves a new documentation center. It is the first German museum of its kind to chronicle the entire span of World War II in one spot.

Berchtesgaden today

In 1972, local government reform united the until then independent municipalities of Salzberg, Maria Gern and Au (consisting of Oberau and Unterau) under the administration of the town of Berchtesgaden. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a City, Town, or Village, or Oberau is a town in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in Bavaria, Germany. Another suggested reform uniting all remaining five municipalities in Berchtesgaden valley (Bischofswiesen, Ramsau, Markt Schellenberg and Schönau) failed to gain enough popular support; it passed in Berchtesgaden and failed everywhere else. Schönau can refer to several places in Germany Schönau (Odenwald, a town in Baden-Württemberg Schönau Abbey

The Nationalpark Berchtesgaden was established in 1978 and has gradually become one of Berchtesgaden's largest draws. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Luckily, mass tourism is confined to a few popular spots, which gives alternative, nature-seeking tourists more than enough space to find peace and quiet in the Park. Major tourist draws are the Königssee, the salt mine (with a new sound and light show inaugurated in 2007), the Kehlsteinhaus and the new Dokumentationszentrum Obersalzberg.

Recreational and competitive sports have also grown in importance. Although Berchtesgaden's ski slopes are not among the largest in the Alps, they can easily accommodate everyone; from beginners to very competitive skiers and boarders. The Königssee bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track has hosted ski-running and a number of international bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton events and competitions. The Königssee bobsleigh luge and skeleton track is a venue for Bobsleigh, Luge and skeleton located in Schönau am Königsee, Germany Bobsleigh, bobsled or bobsledge is a Winter sport invented by Englishmen in the late 1860s in which teams make timed runs down narrow twisting banked A luge is a small one- or two-person Sled on which one sleds supine (face up and feet-first Skeleton is a Winter sport in which competitors aim to drive a one-person Sled in a prone head-first position down an ice track in the fastest time Berchtesgaden's most famous sports personality is Georg Hackl, a multiple Olympic medal winner. Georg Hackl (born September 9, 1966) is a German former Luger who was three time Olympic and World Champion The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games The city is also home to the International Luge Federation (FIL). The Fédération Internationale de Luge de Course (FIL or International Luge Federation is the main international federation for all Luge sports

Berchtesgaden has virtually no manufacturing industry, unlike the northern part of Berchtesgadener Land and the Salzburg area.

External links

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