A beel or a bheel (Bengali: বিল) is a term for a pond (wetland) with static water (as opposed to moving water in rivers and canals - typically called khaals), in the Ganga - Brahmaputra flood plains of the Eastern Indian states of West Bengal, and Assam and in the country of Bangladesh. Chalan Beel (চলনবিল is a Wetland in Bangladesh. It is a large inland depression, Marshy in character with rich Natore is a district of Rajshahi Division located in northern Bangladesh. A wetland is an area of Land consisting of Soil that is Saturated with Moisture, such as a Swamp, Marsh, or Bog The Ganges (ˈgænʤiːz also Ganga, Devanāgarī: hi गंगा in most Indian languages) is the major river in the Indian subcontinent The Brahmaputra, also called Tsangpo-Brahmaputra is a Trans-boundary river and one of the major Rivers of Asia. The Indo-Gangetic Plain also known as the Northern plains and the North Indian River Plain is a large and fertile plain encompassing most of northern and eastern India, India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country West Bengal ( Bengali: পশ্চিমবঙ্গ Poshchim Bônggo poʃtʃim bɔŋgo is a state in eastern India. Assam) ( Assamese: অসম Ôxôm) is a northeastern state of India with its capital at Dispur, a suburb of the city ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially The term owes its origins to the word of the same pronunciation meaning "pond" in the Bengali and Assamese languages. Assamese (অসমীয়া) (ɔxɔmija is the easternmost Indo-Aryan language, spoken mainly in the state of Assam in North-East
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Formation
Typically, beels are formed by inundation of low lying lands during flooding, where some water gets trapped even after flood waters recede back from the flood plains. A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land a deluge ||-||-||-||-||-||-||-||}A floodplain, or flood plain, is flat or nearly flat land adjacent to a Stream or River that experiences occasional or periodic Beels may also be caused by filling up of low lying areas during rains, specially during the monsoon season. Rain is Liquid precipitation. On Earth it is the condensation of atmospheric Water vapor into drops heavy enough to fall often making it to A monsoon is a seasonal prevailing wind which lasts for several months
There are different causes for the formation of beels. A string of beels is indicative of their being the remains of some great river, which deserted its channel in favour of a new one somewhere else. In other cases, they are probably because of silt deposits, which have raised their beds and marginal banks so high that they flow above the level of the surrounding area. The land between a pair of parallel rivers thus forms a kind of trough in between. The rivers, on the other hand, cannot overflow their banks into these depressions as they are locked within their channels by high levees. [1]
Haor, baor
In north eastern Bangladesh there are large water bodies called haors. A haor ( হাওর is a Wetland Ecosystem in the north eastern part of Bangladesh which physically is a bowl or saucer shaped shallow depression, also A haor is a bowl shaped depression which is flooded every year during monsoon. Depression in Geology is a Landform sunken or depressed below the surrounding area A monsoon is a seasonal prevailing wind which lasts for several months Throughout the rainy season a haor is such a vast stretch of turbulent water that it is thought of as a sea, within which the villages appear as islands. It remains under water for seven months of the year. During the dry season, most of the water drains out leaving small shallow lakes or completely dry out by the end of dry season exposing rich alluvial soil extensively cultivated for rice. [2][3]In the central part Bangladesh, important beels are Katla, Chatal, Nagarkanda, and Chanda. In greater Comilla, Faridpur, Dhaka and Pabna districts the beel is sometimes referred to as baor. [1]
Location of important beels
Bangladesh
In Bangladesh, there are thousands of beels of different sizes. Some of the most common names are Chalan Beel, Gopalganj-Khulna Beel, Meda Beel, Aila beel, Dekhar beel, Kuri beel, Erali beel and Arial Beel. Chalan Beel (চলনবিল is a Wetland in Bangladesh. It is a large inland depression, Marshy in character with rich [4] Most of these large beels have shrunk quite considerably in recent decades. Regionwise, in the northwest of Bangladesh some of the larger beels are Bara Beel in Pirganj, Tagrai Beel in Kurigram, Lunipukur in Rangpur, Bara Mirzapur Beel in Narail and Keshpathar in Bogra. Pirganj (পীরগঞ্জ is an Upazila of Rangpur District in the Division of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Kurigram is a district in North-Eastern Bangladesh. It is located in the Rajshahi Division. Rangpur is a district in Northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division. Narail is a district in South-western Bangladesh. It is a part of the Khulna Division. Bogra (বগুড়া Bogura) is a northern district of Bangladesh, in the Rajshahi Division. The old river course of Atrai is marked by some beels. Atrai river flows in northern parts of Bangladesh. It has an ancient name 'Atrei' found in Mahabharata. In the southern region of Bangladesh, important beels are Boyra, Dakatia, Bara, Kola, Patla, Chatal and Srirampur. [1]
Assam
In Assam, Deepor Beel is a permanent, freshwater lake, in a former channel of the Brahmaputra river, to the south of the main river south-west of Guwahati. Assam) ( Assamese: অসম Ôxôm) is a northeastern state of India with its capital at Dispur, a suburb of the city Dipor Bil, also spelt Deepor Beel (Bil or Beel is the name of lake in local Assamese language) is located to the south-west of Guwahati city WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Guwahati ( Assamese: গুৱাহাটী previously spelled Gauhati) is a major city in It has great biological and environmental importance besides being the only major storm water storage basin for the Guwahati city. The beel is endowed with rich floral and faunal diversity. In addition to huge congregation of residential water birds, the Deepor ecosystem harbours large number of migratory waterfowl each year. Deepor Beel has been designated as a Ramsar site in November 2002. The Ramsar Convention is an international Treaty for the conservation and sustainable utilization of Wetlands i [5]
References
- ^ a b c Mohd Shamsul Alam, and Md Sazzad Hossain. Beel. Banglapedia. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Retrieved on 2007-11-23. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of
- ^ G. M. Akram Hossain, and Ainun Nishat. Environmental Considerations for Water Resources Development in Haor Areas of Northeastern Bangladesh. American Society of Civil Engineers. Retrieved on 2007-11-23. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of
- ^ Mohd Shamsul Alam, and Md Sazzad Hossain. Haor. Banglapedia. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Retrieved on 2007-11-23. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of
- ^ Abdul Wahab Akonda, BANGLADESH, International Water Management Institute; Retrieved: 2007-12-04
- ^ Deepor Beel. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. "December 4th" redirects here For the song by Jay-Z, see December 4th (song. FreshWater & Wetlands. WWF. Retrieved on 2007-11-29. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1777 - San Jose California, is founded as el Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe
See also
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