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For other uses, see Beau Brummell (disambiguation).
Brummell, engraved from a miniature portrait.
Brummell, engraved from a miniature portrait.

Beau Brummell, né George Bryan Brummell (7 June 1778, London, England – 30 March 1840 (aged 61), Caen, France), was the arbiter of men's fashion in Regency England and a friend of the Prince Regent, the future King George IV. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Year 1778 ( MDCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Events 240 BC - 1st recorded Perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. Year 1840 ( MDCCCXL) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Caen (kɑ̃ is a commune in northwestern France. It is the Prefecture of the Calvados department and the capital of the Fashion refers to styles of dress (but can also include cuisine literature art architecture and general comportment that are popular in a culture at any given time Artistic trends Regency architecture Regency fashions Regency dance Regency novels He established the mode of men wearing understated, but fitted, beautifully cut clothes, adorned with an elaborately-knotted cravat. The cravat is a neckband the forerunner of the modern tailored Necktie and Bow tie. [1]

Beau Brummell is credited with introducing and establishing as fashion the modern man's suit, worn with a tie. [2] He claimed five hours to dress, and recommended that boots be polished with champagne. A boot is a type of Shoe that covers at least the Foot and the Ankle and sometimes extends up to the Knee or even the Hip. Champagne is a Sparkling wine produced by inducing the in-bottle Secondary fermentation of Wine to effect Carbonation. [3] His style of dress was known as dandyism. A dandy (also known as a beau gallant or flamboyant person is a man who places particular importance upon Physical appearance, refined language and leisurely hobbies [4]

Contents

Biography

George was the son of the private secretary of Lord North. Frederick North 2nd Earl of Guilford, KG, PC (13 April 1732 &ndash 5 August 1792 more often known by his courtesy title Lord North, which he used from He was fair complexioned, and had "a high nose, which was broken down by a kick from a horse soon after he went into the Tenth Dragoons. . . . "[5] His father died in 1794, leaving him an inheritance of over 20,000 pounds. He was an undergraduate at Oriel College, and later embarked upon a military career, joining the Tenth Light Dragoons. Oriel College, located in Oriel Square, Oxford, is the fifth oldest of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England It was during this time he came to the attention of Prince George, the Prince of Wales. Prince of Wales (Tywysog Cymru is a title traditionally granted to the Heir Apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom (and formerly the Kingdom Through the influence of the Prince, Brummell had been promoted to captain by 1796. When his regiment was sent from London to Manchester, however, he resigned his commission.

Beau Brummel took a house on Chesterfield Street in Mayfair, and, for a time, avoided extravagance and gaming. Mayfair is an area of central London, England, within the City of Westminster. He was included in Prince George's circle. Here, he made an impression with his elegant understated manner of dress and clever remarks. His fastidious attention to cleaning his teeth, shaving, and bathing daily became popular.

He was influenced by his wealthy friends as well. He began behaving as though his fortune were as great as theirs, spending and gambling as though he were one of them. This was not a problem while he was under the protection of the Prince of Wales. Brummell, Lord Alvanley, Henry Mildmay and Henry Pierrepoint were considered the prime movers of Watier's, dubbed "the Dandy Club" by Byron. William Arden 2nd Baron Alvanley ( 8 January 1789 – 16 November 1849) was the son of Richard Arden 1st Baron Alvanley. They were also the four hosts of the masquerade ball in July 1813 at which the Prince Regent greeted Alvanley and Pierrepoint, but then "cut" Brummell and Mildmay by snubbing them, staring them in the face but not speaking to them[6]. This provoked Brummell's infamous remark, "Alvanley, who's your fat friend?". This doomed his social standing by removing the Regent's social umbrella that had protected Brummell from his creditors. In 1816, he fled to France to escape social ostracism and the sudden demand for payment in full of thousands of pounds sterling owed. Usually, Brummell's gambling debts, as "debts of honour", were always paid immediately. The one exception to this was the final wager recorded for him in White's betting book. White's is a London Gentlemen's club, established at 4 Chesterfield Street in 1693 by Italian immigrant Francesco Bianco (AKA "Francis White" Recorded March, 1815, the debt was marked "not paid, 20th January, 1816". [7]

He lived the remainder of his life in France, acquiring an appointment to the consulate at Caen due to the influence of Lord Alvanley and the Marquis of Worcester. Caen (kɑ̃ is a commune in northwestern France. It is the Prefecture of the Calvados department and the capital of the William Arden 2nd Baron Alvanley ( 8 January 1789 – 16 November 1849) was the son of Richard Arden 1st Baron Alvanley. Henry Charles Somerset 6th Duke of Beaufort, KG ( December 22 1766 – December 2 1835) was a British peer, the son of This provided him with a small annuity. He died penniless and insane from syphilis in Caen in 1840. Syphilis is a Sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal Bacterium Treponema pallidum pallidum.

In popular culture

1805 caricature of Brummell by Richard Dighton.
1805 caricature of Brummell by Richard Dighton.

Brummell appears as a character in Arthur Conan Doyle's 1896 historical novel Rodney Stone. Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle, DL (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930 was an Anglo-Scottish Author most noted for his stories about the ' Rodney Stone' is a Gothic mystery and Boxing novel by English writer Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. In the novel, the title character's uncle, Charles Tregellis, is the center of the London fashion world, until Brummell ultimately supplants him. Tregellis' subsequent death from mortification serves as a deus ex machina in that it resolves Rodney Stone's family poverty, as his rich uncle bequeaths a sum to his sister. A deus ex machina ( lat. ˈdeːus eks ˈmaːkʰina literally "god from a/the machine" is an improbable

Brummell's life was later dramatised in

Georgette Heyer, author of a number of Regency romance novels, included Brummell as a character in her 1935 novel Regency Buck. Georgette Heyer (16 August 1902 &ndash 4 July 1974 was an English Historical romance and Detective fiction Novelist. Regency romances are a subgenre of Romance novels set during the period of the English Regency or early 19th century The year 1935 in literature involved some significant events and new books For the band see Regency Buck (band Regency Buck is a novel written by Georgette Heyer.

Watchmaker LeCoultre made a watch named after him during the 1940s and 1950s. Jaeger-LeCoultre ( JLC) is a luxury Watch and Clock manufacturer based in Le Sentier (in Le Chenit, Vaud, Switzerland. The 1940s decade ran from 1940 to 1949 Events and trends The 1940s was a period between the radical 1930s and the conservative 1950s which also leads the period to be The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive It is an extremely simple watch with no numbers and a small modern face.

Brummell's name was adopted by the faux-British Invasion band The Beau Brummels who had top 40 hit records in 1965. The British Invasion was the term applied by the news media — and subsequently by consumers — to the influx of Rock and roll, beat and pop performers The Beau Brummels were a successful 1960s American rock band formed in San Francisco in 1963 The Top Forty or Top 40 is a music industry shorthand for the currently most-popular songs in a particular genre.

Brummell's name was also used by an English group, Beau Brummell Esquire and His Noble Men, who released at least one single, "I Know, Know, Know" b/w "Shopping Around" (Columbia DB 7447), in 1965. The "A side" song was written by Beau Brummell Esquire; the "B side" song is credited to Tepper-Bennett-Schroeder, a trio of professional song writers who had previously written hits for Cliff Richard.

Brummell is the detective-hero of a series of period mysteries by Rosemary Stevens, including Death on a Silver Tray (2000), The Tainted Snuff Box (2001), The Bloodied Cravat (2002), and Murder in the Pleasure Gardens (2003).

A statue of Brummell by Irena Sedlecka was erected on London's Jermyn Street in 2002. Irena Sedlecká (born September 7, 1928 in Plzeň, Czechoslovakia, nowadays Czech Republic) is a Czech sculptor London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Jermyn Street (pronounced "Germin" is a street in the City of Westminster, central London, to the south parallel and adjacent to Piccadilly. [10]

The Beau Brummel store in New York City's trendy SoHo neighborhood offers a line of traditional menswear, including the eponymous Beau Brummel suit, which Regis Philbin has worn on television in Live with Regis and Kelly and Who Wants to be a Millionaire. The City of New York This article is about an area of Manhattan, New York City. For the area in London UK see Soho. Regis Francis Xavier Philbin (born August 25, 1931) is an Emmy Award -winning American Television personality and occasional Actor Live with Regis and Kelly is a syndicated American television Talk show, hosted by Regis Philbin and Kelly Ripa. In the United States, Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (also known simply as Millionaire) is a Television Game show which

Incidental mentions

Once my clothes were shabby.
Tailors called me "cabbie. "
So I took a vow,
Said, "This bum'll
be Beau Brummell.
Stephen Sondheim, in Gypsy (1959)

T. S. Eliot mentioned him in Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats (which Andrew Lloyd Webber later made into the hit Broadway musical Cats) in his poem about Bustopher Jones: "In the whole of St. Stephen Joshua Sondheim (born March 22 1930 is an American musical and film composer and lyricist winner of an Academy Award, multiple Tony Awards (seven Gypsy is a 1959 musical with music by Jule Styne, lyrics by Stephen Sondheim, and a book by Arthur Laurents. Thomas Stearns Eliot, OM (September 26 1888 – January 4 1965 was a poet Dramatist, and Literary critic. Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats is a set of whimsical Poems by T Andrew Lloyd Webber Baron Lloyd-Webber (born 22 March 1948 is a British Composer of Musical theatre, the elder son of William Lloyd Webber Cats is an award-winning musical composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber based on Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats by T James's the smartest of names / Is the name of this Brummell of cats. "

French novelist Honoré de Balzac, in his Traité de la vie élégante (1830s), depicts an aging, wig-wearing and somewhat overweight Brummell discussing fashion and defining the "elegant" lifestyle with the French.

In the Three Stooges short film, Punch Drunks, Curly's boss at a restaurant sarcastically greets him with the line, "Hello, Beau Brummell!"

He also is affectionately remembered by the orphan Molly in the Broadway musical Annie (1977), wherein she refers to his keen sense of fashion: "Your clothes may be Beau Brummelly, they stand out a mile . The Three Stooges were an American Vaudeville and Comedy act of the early to mid–20th century best known for their numerous Short subject films Punch Drunks is the second Short subject starring American Slapstick comedy team the Three Stooges. Broadway theater, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 39 large professional theaters with 500 seats or more located Annie is a musical based upon the popular Harold Gray Comic strip Little Orphan Annie, with music by Charles . . you're never fully dressed without a smile".

From singer-songwriter Billy Joel's "Glass Houses" album (1980), the listener is told in the hit "It's Still Rock and Roll to Me" that "you could really be a Beau Brummell, baby, if you just give it half a chance". William Martin Joel (born May 9 1949 is an American Pianist and Singer-songwriter. Glass Houses is the seventh Album by American Singer-songwriter Billy Joel, released in 1980 (see 1980 in music)

Novelist Virginia Woolf gave a talk on Beau Brummel for the BBC on 20 November, 1929. (Adeline Virginia Woolf (née Stephen; 25 January 1882 – 28 March 1941 was an English Novelist and Essayist, regarded as one of the foremost

In the television series Doctor Who, a 1984 episode entitled "The Twin Dilemma" featured a recently regenerated Sixth Doctor, who, upon choosing his clothes and being told he "looks dreadful", retorts: "That, my dear, is what they said about Beau Brummell. Doctor Who is a British science fiction television programme produced by the BBC. The Twin Dilemma is a serial in the British Science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in four twice-weekly The Sixth Doctor is the name given to the sixth incarnation of the Fictional character known as the Doctor, seen on screen in the long-running " In the 1964 episode entitled "The Sensorites," the First Doctor, upon being given a cloak to wear, remarks that "Beau Brummell always said I looked better in a cloak. The Sensorites is a serial in the British Science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in six The First Doctor is the name given to the initial incarnation of the Fictional character known as the Doctor seen on screen in the long-running "

In the television series Blackadder the Third, which is set in Regency England, Blackadder reads aloud newspaper headlines which are written in modern tabloid style, and complains that "The Times has really gone downhill lately". Blackadder the Third is the third series of the BBC Situation comedy Blackadder, written by Richard Curtis and The Times is a daily national Newspaper published in the United Kingdom since 1785 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. The headlines are "Beau Brummell in purple pants probe" and "King talks to tree - Phew! What a loony" (a reference to George III). George III (George William Frederick 4 June 1738 George III's long reign was marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdom much of the rest of Europe and places

In his autobiography, And I Haven't Had a Bad Day Since, Charlie Rangel mentions that when his grandfather dressed up he looked like Beau Brummell. Charles Bernard "Charlie" Rangel (born June 11, 1930) is an American Politician.

In one of the earlier Garfield cartoons, Jon asks Lyman for help deciding which outfit to wear. Garfield is a daily-syndicated Comic strip created by Jim Davis. Lyman enters the panel very flamboyantly dressed, to which Garfield opines; "Beau Brummell lives. "

In Pamela Aidan's An Assembly Such as This; A Novel of Fitzwilliam Darcy, Gentleman, the first of a trilogy that focuses on Mr. Darcy's side of Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice, Beau Brummell comments positively on a spectacularly tied knot in Darcy's cravat, which brings Darcy some unwanted attention.

In Tom Stoppard's 1993 play Arcadia, Chloë suggests Bernard should attend the garden party dressed as Beau Brummell. Sir Tom Stoppard OM, CBE (born 3 July 1937 is a British Screenwriter playwright Arcadia is a 1993 play by Tom Stoppard concerning the relationship between past and present and between order and disorder and the certainty of knowledge

References and footnotes

  1. ^ "A Poet of Cloth", a Spring 2006 article on Brummell's cravats from Cabinet magazine
  2. ^ Kelly, Ian (September 17, 2005), "The man who invented the suit", The Times Online, <http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,23113-1782054_1,00.html>. The cravat is a neckband the forerunner of the modern tailored Necktie and Bow tie. Cabinet is a quarterly Brooklyn NY -based non-profit art & culture periodical launched in 2000 by Sina Najafi and Brian Conley Retrieved on 1 February 2008 
  3. ^ Beau Brummell and the Birth of Regency Fashion, from the Jane Austen Centre's online magazine
  4. ^ Barbey d'Aurevilly, Jules. The Jane Austen Centre at 40 Gay Street in Bath Somerset is a permanent exhibition which tells the story of Jane Austen 's Bath experience – the effect that living Jules-Amédée Barbey d'Aurevilly ( November 2, 1808 &ndash April 23, 1889) was a French Novelist and Short Of Dandyism and of George Brummell. Translated by Douglas Ainslie. New York: PAJ Publications, 1988.
  5. ^ Jesse, William (1844), The Life of George Brummell, Esq. , Commonly Called Beau Brummell, Great Britain: Saunders and Otley, p. 383 
  6. ^ The Wits and Beaux of Society, Volume 2, Grace and Phillip Wharton, 1861
  7. ^ The Regency Underworld, Donald A Lowe
  8. ^ Beau Brummell at the Internet Movie Database
  9. ^ James Purefoy as Brummell in a BBC television drama
  10. ^ Memorial to Brummell from londonremembers. com

Further reading

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