| Battle of Santander | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Spanish Civil War | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 Second Spanish Republic |
 Nationalist Spain |
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| Commanders | |||||||
| Mariano Gamir Ulibarri | Fidel Dávila Arrondo | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 80,000 infantry | 90,000 infantry 126 guns 220 aircraft |
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| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 60,000 dead, wounded, or captured | Unknown | ||||||
The Battle of Santander was fought over the summer of 1937 in the War in the North campaign in the Spanish Civil War. The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted Coup d'état committed by parts of the army against the government of Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The port city of Santander is the capital of the autonomous community of Cantabria situated on the north coast of Spain between Asturias (to the west and Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The Second Spanish Republic was the system of government in Spain between April 14 1931, when King Alfonso XIII left the country Fidel Dávila Arrondo ( April 24 1878 - March 22 1962) was a Spanish Army officer during the Spanish Civil War. Description The War in the North, in the Spanish Civil War was the campaign in which the Nationalist forces defeated and occupied the parts of northern The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted Coup d'état committed by parts of the army against the government of Santander's fall on September 1 assured the Nationalist conquest of Cantabria and marked the last stand of the Republic's "Army of the North," which was destroyed and captured in the fighting. Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city The Second Spanish Republic was the system of government in Spain between April 14 1931, when King Alfonso XIII left the country
Contents |
Timeline
14 Aug. The 1st Navarrese Brigade attacks the front between Valdecebollas (Palencia) and Cuesta Labra, trying to cut off the republican forces south of the Cantabrian Mountains. Other use Palencia Guatemala. Palencia is a city south of Tierra de Campos, in north-northwest Spain, the capital of Cantabrian Mountains ( Cordillera Cantábrica in Spanish) are a Mountain range which extends for more than approximately 180 Miles (300
15 Aug. The rebels advance in the area of Barruelo (Palencia) up to Peña Rubia, Salcedillo, Matalejos and Reinosilla; the republicans fight back at Portillo de Suano. Other use Palencia Guatemala. Palencia is a city south of Tierra de Campos, in north-northwest Spain, the capital of Salcedillo is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain.
16 Aug. The rebels overcome the republicans at Portillo de Suano and take the factories near Reinosa (Cantabria); they enter Reinosa itself at nightfall. Reinosa is a municipality in Cantabria, Spain. It has 10694 inhabitants Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city Reinosa is a municipality in Cantabria, Spain. It has 10694 inhabitants The 4th Navarrese Brigade advances at the River Saja valley towards Cabuérniga valley (Cantabria). Cabuérniga is a municipality located in the autonomous community of Cantabria, Spain. Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city The Italian forces advance from Burgos to Lanchares and San Miguel de Aguayo (Cantabria). History Early man of Neanderthal occupied sites around Burgos as early as 800000 years ago Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city
17 Aug. Italian forces take El Escudo Pass and join the rest of the forces at San Miguel de Aguayo. 22 republican battalions are encircled at Campoo (Cantabria). Campoo is a Comarca of Cantabria ( Spain) located in the High Ebro, with a surface little bigger than 1000 km² and including Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city
18 Aug. Rebel forces take Santiurde, and Italian forces take San Pedro del Romeral and San Miguel de Luena (Cantabria). Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city
19 Aug. Rebel forces advance in Cabuérniga and the River Pas valley, taking Bárcena de Pie de Concha and Entrambasmestas (Cantabria). Cabuérniga is a municipality located in the autonomous community of Cantabria, Spain. A significant part of Ballet terminology is in the French language. Bárcena de Pie de Concha is a municipality located in the autonomous community of Cantabria, Spain. Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city
20 Aug. Italian forces advance towards Villacarriedo and Navarrese forces advance towards Torrelavega and Cabezón de la Sal. Torrelavega ( is a municipality and important industrial and commercial hub in the single province Autonomous Community of Cantabria in northern Spain Cabezón de la Sal is a municipality located in the autonomous community of Cantabria, Spain.
22 Aug. The rebels take Selaya, Villacarriedo, Ontaneda and Las Fraguas (Cantabria). Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city
23 Aug. Navarrese forces enter Mazcuerras Valley and take Mount Ibio, nearly cutting the main road and railway between Santander and Asturias. The port city of Santander is the capital of the autonomous community of Cantabria situated on the north coast of Spain between Asturias (to the west and The Principality of Asturias ( Spanish: Principado de Asturias, Asturian: Principáu d'Asturies or Asturies) is an Italian forces face republican resistance near Puente Viesgo (Cantabria). Puente Viesgo is a municipality in Cantabria, Spain. Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city
24 Aug. General Gámir-Ulibarri orders the general evacuation towards Asturias. The Principality of Asturias ( Spanish: Principado de Asturias, Asturian: Principáu d'Asturies or Asturies) is an The rebels take Torrelavega and Barreda, cutting the main road to Asturias. Torrelavega ( is a municipality and important industrial and commercial hub in the single province Autonomous Community of Cantabria in northern Spain The Principality of Asturias ( Spanish: Principado de Asturias, Asturian: Principáu d'Asturies or Asturies) is an The Basque forces, after defeating the front, sign the Santoña Agreement (Spanish Pacto de Santoña) by which they surrender to the Italians. The Santoña Agreement or Pact of Santoña is an agreement signed in the town of Guriezo, near Santoña, Cantabria the August 24th
25 Aug. The main republican authorities leave Santander, heading to Gijón (Asturias). Gijón ( Asturian: Xixón) is a coastal industrial city The Principality of Asturias ( Spanish: Principado de Asturias, Asturian: Principáu d'Asturies or Asturies) is an
26 Aug. Rebel forces enter Santander around noon; 17000 republicans are made prisoners (many of them would be immediately killed). The port city of Santander is the capital of the autonomous community of Cantabria situated on the north coast of Spain between Asturias (to the west and
1 Sep. The rebels take Unquera (Cantabria), in the limit with Asturias. Unquera is a Village with 803 inhabitants ( INE 2005 in the Municipality of Val de San Vicente, in the west of the Province of Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city The Principality of Asturias ( Spanish: Principado de Asturias, Asturian: Principáu d'Asturies or Asturies) is an
The rest of Cantabria (valleys of Tudanca and Liébana) would be taken during the Asturian campaign. Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city Liébana is a Comarca of Cantabria ( Spain) It is one of the best defined comarcas of the region with an extension of 570 square
Consequences
Santander's fall, coupled with the capture of heavily-fortified Bilbao, tore an irreparable gap in the Republic's northern front. Bilbao, (also Bilbo) in the North of Spain, is the largest city in the Basque Country and the capital of the province of Biscay (Basque The destruction of the Army of the North marked another crippling blow to the Republic's sagging strength and turned the war to Franco's favour. Factors accounting for the Republican defeat include:
- The Nationalists' overwhelming superiority in artillery and air power.
- A lack of unified command among Republican units.
- The precision, shock, and rapidity of the Nationalist advance, which had as its objective the destruction of enemy forces and not the consolidation of territory.
- The defenders' poor morale, in contrast to the exceptional confidence and enthusiasm of the Nationalists.
- Mutinies and sedition in the Republican camp.
The disaster proved total and the losses beyond repair. Of the twelve Basque brigades there remained at the end only eight battered battalions. A brigade is a Military unit Echelon: is A battalion is a Military unit of around 500-1500 men usually consisting of between two and seven companies and typically commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel The Republican Army of Santander of twelve brigades was reduced to six battalions. The Asturians committed 27 battalions and escaped with only fourteen. In no other theatre of the civil war did Franco's troops achieve results as decisive as those of the Santander campaign: sixty thousand Republican soldiers were wiped off the map, with corresponding losses in materiel. The war in the north was all but won.
External links
References
- VV. AA. ; Gran Enciclopedia de Cantabria. Editorial Cantabria SA. Santander. 1985 (8 volumes) and 2002 (volumes IX, X y XI)
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