Battle of Sakarya
Part of The Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922)
Sakarya (Sergey Prisekin)
Date August 23 - September 13, 1921 Location Sakarya Result Turkish victory
Belligerents
Turkish Revolutionaries	Greece
Commanders
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk	King Constantine I of Greece (nominal) Anastasios Papoulas (actual)
Strength
95,000-105,000 (75,000 combatants)	120,000 (77,000 combatants)
Casualties and losses
3,250 dead, 13,800 wounded, 5,070 missing	3,677 dead, 18,869 wounded, 354 missing

The Battle of Sakarya or the Battle of Sangarios in 1921 was an important engagement in the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922), which is part of Turkish War of Independence . Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar The Sakarya ( Greek Σαγγάριος, Latinized as Sangarius) is a River in Asia Minor. Turkish revolutionaries ( Turkish: Kuvâyi Milliye or Kuvva-i Milliye) were Patriots of the Turkish national movement who rebelled against Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (19 May 1881 &ndash 10 November 1938 was an army officer revolutionary Statesman Constantine I King of the Hellenes (Κωνσταντίνος A' Βασιλεύς των Ελλήνων - 11 January 1923 was King of Greece from 1913 to 1917 and from Anastasios Papoulas (Αναστάσιος Παπούλας 1859 - March 1935 was a Greek general and commander-in-chief during the Greco-Turkish War of 1919-1922 Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar The Turkish War of Independence (Kurtuluş Savaşı May 19, 1919 October 29, 1923) refers to the political and military resistance developed The battle was fought during August 23 - September 13, 1921, close to the banks of Sakarya River in the immediate vicinity of Polatlı, which is today a district of the Turkish capital Ankara. Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar The Sakarya ( Greek Σαγγάριος, Latinized as Sangarius) is a River in Asia Minor. Polatlı is a town and district of Ankara Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey, 80 km west of the Turkish capital Ankara, on Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the country's second largest city after İstanbul.

Active stage

In June 1921, the Greek army advanced to the Sakarya River, less than 100 km west of Ankara. Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The Sakarya ( Greek Σαγγάριος, Latinized as Sangarius) is a River in Asia Minor. On July 28, the decision to seek out and destroy the Turkish Army was taken. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Papoulas planned convergent thrusts, eastwards across the Sakarya River and northwards against the Turkish lines on the Ilica, a shallow tributary of the Sakarya. Anastasios Papoulas (Αναστάσιος Παπούλας 1859 - March 1935 was a Greek general and commander-in-chief during the Greco-Turkish War of 1919-1922 The Sakarya ( Greek Σαγγάριος, Latinized as Sangarius) is a River in Asia Minor. On August 23, 1921, the Greeks attacked and broke through the Ilica line. Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar Before them rose the Haymana plateau, 3000 feet high, dotted with higher hills, the chief of which were Mangal Dagi in the South and Chal Dagi in the centre. The Greeks took Mangal Dagi after the Turkish commander evacuated it without permission from the Turkish command, much to Mustafa Kemal Pasha's fury. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (19 May 1881 &ndash 10 November 1938 was an army officer revolutionary Statesman In the face of Greek progress, Kemal ordered that no unit was to fall back even if neighbouring units did. Fevzi Pasha, the Turkish Chief General Staff, decided to hold on around Chal Dagi and brought in reinforcements. Mustafa Fevzi Çakmak ( January 12, 1876 – April 12, 1950) was a Turkish soldier ( Field Marshal) prime minister and The shortening of the Turkish defensive line also helped.

The Greeks took Mount Çal (Dağı) after fierce fighting on September 2, 1921. Events 44 BC - Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. Unknown to him, Papoulas was also considering retreat, disheartened by the heavy losses despite the important successes. He ordered retreat from September 4, after taking permission by the Greek government to act as he considered best. Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself The Turks counter-attacked and took Mount Çal (Dağı) on September 8, but were unable to pursue the enemy as their violent counter-attack was stopped by the Greek 7th division. Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz The twenty-one day battle of attrition officially ended on September 13, 1921. Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September The Greeks retreated in good order and still hoped to defend their base at Smyrna (İzmir). This article is on the Ancient Greek city of Smyrna principally in connection with the ruins remaining to this day İzmir, historically Smyrna, is the third most populous city of Turkey and the country's largest port after İstanbul. They appealed to the Allies for help, but early in 1922, Britain, France and Italy decided that the Treaty of Sèvres could not be enforced and should be revised. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom from 1 January 1801 until 12 April 1927 This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The Treaty of Sèvres ( 10 August 1920) was the Peace treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Allies at the end of World War

It was this battle when Mustafa Kemal Pasha said when the Greek Army breached Turkish lines: "There is no defence-line there is defence-surface, and that surface is the whole country". Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (19 May 1881 &ndash 10 November 1938 was an army officer revolutionary Statesman In fact it was a remake of an ancient cavalry tactic of Turkish armies, Kemal modernized and generalised it to modern armies, later in World War II, USSR also won the war against Germans by the help of this tactic. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including

Results

In March 1922, the Allies proposed a ceasefire, but Mustafa Kemal Pasha refused stating there could be no settlement while the Greek army remained in Anatolia. Anatolia (Anadolu Ανατολία Anatolía) or Asia minor, comprising most of modern Turkey, is the geographic region bounded by the Black In August, the Turks launched a new offensive, defeating the Greeks at the Battle of Dumlupinar near Afyon on August 30, 1922. The Battle of Dumlupınar was the last battle in the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922 (part of the Turkish War of Independence) Afyonkarahisar is a city in western Turkey, the capital of Afyon Province. Events 1363 - Beginning date of the Battle of Lake Poyang; the forces of two Chinese rebel leaders— Chen Youliang and Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Shortly after on September 9, 1922, the Turkish army recaptured Smyrna. Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Great Fire of Smyrna followed a few days after the capture. The Great Fire of Smyrna is the name commonly given to the fire that ravaged İzmir / Smyrna starting 13 September 1922 and lasted for four days

References

The Turkish War of Independence (Kurtuluş Savaşı May 19, 1919 October 29, 1923) refers to the political and military resistance developed The Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire was a political event that occurred after World War I. " The establishment of the Turkish national movement " explains the creation of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. Turkish revolutionaries ( Turkish: Kuvâyi Milliye or Kuvva-i Milliye) were Patriots of the Turkish national movement who rebelled against The Turkish National Movement encompasses the political and military activities of the Turkish revolutionaries which resulted with the creation and shaping of the Republic The Chanak Crisis (or Affair) in September 1922 was the threatened attack on British and French troops stationed near Çanakkale (Chanak to The 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey is the first large-scale population exchange, or agreed mutual expulsion in the 20th century Malta exiles (Malta sürgünleri (between March 1919 October 1920 is the term for politicians high ranking soldiers (mainly administrators and intellectuals of the Ottoman Empire Outpost Society (Karakol Cemiyeti were secret societal organizations outside of yet within the Istanbul government whose purpose was to resist the efforts of Mustafa The King-Crane Commission was an official investigation during 1919 by the United States government into the circumstances and conditions existing in certain parts of the former The Khilafat movement (1919-1924 was a political campaign launched mainly by Muslims in South Asia to influence the British government and to protect the The Entente Powers (from Triple Entente) were the countries at war with the Central Powers during World War I. This page will include the revolts against the Turkish Revolutionaries. The Kuvâ-i İnzibâtiyye ( Ottoman Turkish: قوا انضباطيّه literally "Forces of Order" Turkish: Hilafet Ordusu, or "Caliphate The Revolt of Ahmet Aznavur was a revolt during the Turkish War of Independence. Koçkiri Rebellion was a rebellion of Alevi (Kurdish dominant uprising of the 1920 in the overwhelmingly militant Kizilbash Dersim region while waged Franco-Turkish war, more often called Cilicia war ( French: La guerre en Cilicie, Turkish: Güney Cephesi - the southern front Battle of Maraş (pronounced Marash) a part as well as a cornerstone in several respects of the Turkish War of Independence, is the comprehensive term used The Occupation of İzmir was the rule in the İzmir district by Greek forces under the High Commissioner Aristidis Stergiadis, aligned with the Allied The Battle of Aydın or "The defence of Aydın" (tr Aydın savunması) 27 June 1919 to 4 July 1919, was a series The First Battle of İnönü was the first battle of the in the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922, part of Turkish War of Independence. The Second Battle of İnönü took place in March 1921 near the Turkish village of İnönü during the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922. The Battle of Sakarya, also known as the Battle of Sangarios, was an important engagement in the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922 and Turkish War of Independence The Battle of Dumlupınar was the last battle in the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922 (part of the Turkish War of Independence) The Battle of Oltu was actually two battles the first ( 18 June to 25 June, 1920) was a battle between Armenian troops and local Turkish The Battle of Sarıkamış was a conflict between the Democratic Republic of Armenia (DRA and Turkish Revolutionaries of the Turkish National Movement The Battle of Kars was a conflict between the Democratic Republic of Armenia (DRA and Turkish Revolutionaries of the Turkish National Movement which The Battle of Alexandropol was a conflict between the Democratic Republic of Armenia (DRA and Turkish Revolutionaries of the Turkish National Movement which The Entente Powers (from Triple Entente) were the countries at war with the Central Powers during World War I. In the Conference of London, ( 12 February - 24 February 1920) following World War I, leaders of Britain France and Italy met to discuss the The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish The San Remo Conference was an international meeting of the post- The Second Constitutional Era (ايکنجى مشروطيت دورى İkinci Meşrûtiyyet Devri) of the Ottoman Empire began shortly after Sultan Abdülhamid Misak-ı Millî ( English: National Oath or National Pact) is the set of six important decisions made by the last term of the Ottoman Parliament The Treaty of Sèvres ( 10 August 1920) was the Peace treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Allies at the end of World War Turkish revolutionaries ( Turkish: Kuvâyi Milliye or Kuvva-i Milliye) were Patriots of the Turkish national movement who rebelled against The Treaty of Alexandropol (Gümrü Antlaşması was a peace treaty between the Democratic Republic of Armenia and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey ending the The Treaty of Moscow or Treaty of Brotherhood was a friendship treaty between Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk The Conference of London ( 21 February and 12 March 1921 and March 1922 London Great Britain) of the post- World War I Allied Cilicia Peace Treaty ( March 9, 1921) was signed between France and the Turkish national movement to end the fighting in Cilicia war The Treaty of Ankara (or the Accord of Ankara; Franklin-Bouillon Agreement; Franco-Turkish Agreement of Ankara) was signed on October 20, The Treaty of Kars (Kars Antlaşması Карсский договор / Karskiy dogovor) was a friendship treaty between the Grand National Assembly of Turkey The Conference of London ( 21 February and 12 March 1921 and March 1922 London Great Britain) of the post- World War I Allied The Armistice of Mudanya was an agreement between Turkey, Italy, France and Britain, signed in the town of Mudanya, Turkey on The Conference of Lausanne was a conference held in Lausanne, Switzerland during 1922 and 1923 The Treaty of Lausanne ( July 24, 1923) was a Peace treaty signed in Lausanne that settled the Anatolian part of the Partitioning This chronology of the Turkish War of Independence is a timeline of events during the Turkish War of Independence ( May 19 1919 October 29

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