| Battle of Almansa | |||||||
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| Part of the War of the Spanish Succession | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
.svg/22px-Union_flag_1606_(Kings_Colors).svg.png){kind=small} Great Britain |
 France.gif/22px-Bandera_de_España(1701-1748).gif){kind=small} Spain |
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| Commanders | |||||||
| Earl of Galway |
Duke of Berwick |
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| Strength | |||||||
| 22,000 | 25,000 | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 5,000 dead or wounded 12,000 captured |
3,500 dead or wounded | ||||||
.svg/22px-Flag_Portugal_(1707).svg.png){kind=small}
The Battle of Almansa, fought on April 25, 1707, was one of the most decisive engagements of the War of the Spanish Succession. In the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714 several European powers combined to stop French succession to the Spanish throne and what would likely have been a resulting Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. Year 1707 ( MDCCVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Almansa is a Spanish city and Municipality in the province of Albacete, part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha. Albacete is a city and Municipality in southeastern Spain, 278 km southeast of Madrid the capital of the province of Albacete in the autonomous Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a State in northwest Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1800 The Kingdom of Portugal was Portugal 's general designation under the monarchy. "United Netherlands" redirects here For the "Kingdom of the United Netherlands" see United Kingdom of the Netherlands. The Ancien Régime, a French term rendered in English as “Old Rule” “Old Kingdom” or simply “Old Regime” refers primarily to the aristocratic The Age of Enlightenment (in Spanish Ilustración) came to Spain in the eighteenth century with the French Bourbon dynasty, after the decay James FitzJames 1st Duke of Berwick ( 21 August 1670 &ndash 12 June 1734) was a French military leader illegitimate son of King James Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. Year 1707 ( MDCCVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a In the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714 several European powers combined to stop French succession to the Spanish throne and what would likely have been a resulting At Almansa, the Franco–Spanish army under Berwick soundly defeated the allied forces of Portugal, Britain, and the United Provinces led by the Earl of Galway, reclaiming most of eastern Spain for the Bourbons. Almansa is a Spanish city and Municipality in the province of Albacete, part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. James FitzJames 1st Duke of Berwick ( 21 August 1670 &ndash 12 June 1734) was a French military leader illegitimate son of King James The Kingdom of Portugal was Portugal 's general designation under the monarchy. The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a State in northwest Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1800 "United Netherlands" redirects here For the "Kingdom of the United Netherlands" see United Kingdom of the Netherlands. The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty.
It has been described as "probably the only battle in history in which the British forces were commanded by a Frenchman, the French by a Briton"[1].
Contents |
The battle
The Bourbon army of about 25,000 was composed of French and Spanish troops in equal proportion, as well as an Irish regiment. Not to be confused with the 1607 Flight of the Earls. The Flight of the Wild Geese refers to the departure of an Irish Jacobite Opposing them was a mainly Anglo-Portuguese force with strong Dutch, German, and French Huguenot elements. The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in The Huguenots were members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France (or French Calvinists) from the sixteenth to the eighteenth
The battle began with an artillery exchange. When Galway committed his reserves to an attack on the Bourbon centre, Berwick unleashed a strong force of Franco-Spanish cavalry against the weakened Anglo-Portuguese lines, sweeping away the Portuguese horse. A general rout followed. Galway lost 5,000 men killed and 12,000 taken prisoner; of his army of 22,000 only 5,000 escaped to Tortosa. Tortosa ( Latin: Dertusa or Dertosa, Arabic: طرطوشة Ṭurṭūšah) is the capital of the comarca
Aftermath
The victory was a major step in the consolidation of Spain under the Bourbons. With the main pro-army in Spain destroyed, the pretender duc d'Anjou regained the initiative and gained Valencia. Habsburg Spain refers to the history of Spain over the 16th and 17th centuries (1516-1700 when this country was ruled by the Habsburg dynasty (also associated to Philip V of Spain ( December 19, 1683 - July 9, 1746) born Philippe de France, Fils de France and duc d'Anjou The Christian Kingdom of Valencia, located in the Eastern shore of the Iberian Peninsula, was one of the component realms of the Crown of Aragon.
The city of Xàtiva was burned, and its name changed to San Felipe in order to punish it. Xàtiva ( Spanish: Játiva in former days is a town of eastern Spain, in the province of Valencia, on the right bank of the river Albaida (In memory of these facts, nowadays the portrait of the monarch still hangs upside down in the local museum of L'Almodí [1])
Before long, the only remaining allies of the Habsburg pretender, Archduke Charles, were his supporters in Catalonia and Balearic Islands. Charles VI (German Karl VI) ( October 1, 1685 &ndash October 20, 1740) was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia Catalonia (Cataluña Catalunya Aranese: Catalonha) is an Autonomous Community in the northeast part of Spain. The Balearic Islands ( Catalan and official Illes Balears; Spanish: Islas Baleares) are an Archipelago in the western Mediterranean
Legacy
Frederick the Great referred to Almansa as "the most scientific battle of our century," while Winston Churchill once compared the crushing British defeat to the disasters awaiting the British Army at the hands of Nazi Germany in the early years of World War II. Frederick II (Friedrich II January 24 1712 August 17 1786) was a King of Prussia (1740&ndash1786 from the Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, FRS, PC, PC (Can ( 30 November 1874 The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including
In the present-day Valencian Community, the saying: Quan el mal ve d'Almansa, a tots alcança ("Evil tidings spare no one when they come from Almansa," or, more literally, "When the wrong comes from Almansa, it reaches everybody") recalls this defeat, since one of the side effects of this defeat was the suppression of the autonomy of the Kingdom of Valencia within the Spanish Habsburg monarchy. The Valencian Community ( Valencian and official Comunitat Valenciana; Comunidad Valenciana is an Autonomous community located in central to The Christian Kingdom of Valencia, located in the Eastern shore of the Iberian Peninsula, was one of the component realms of the Crown of Aragon. Habsburg Spain refers to the history of Spain over the 16th and 17th centuries (1516-1700 when this country was ruled by the Habsburg dynasty (also associated to
External links
- ^ Norwich, John Jules (2007). The Middle Sea. A History of the Mediterranean. London: Chatto & Windus. ISBN 0701176083.
- Almansa 2007 III Centenario
- La Batalla de Almansa
- http://historiadealmansa.usuarios.tvalmansa.com/la_batalla_de_almansa.htm Batalla de Almansa
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