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Battersea
Battersea (Greater London)
Battersea

Battersea shown within Greater London
OS grid reference TQ285765
London borough Wandsworth
Ceremonial county Greater London
Region London
Constituent country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town LONDON
Postcode district SW11
Dialling code 020
Police Metropolitan
Fire London
Ambulance London
European Parliament London
UK Parliament Battersea
London Assembly Merton and Wandsworth
List of places: UK • England • London

Coordinates: 51°28′24″N 0°09′01″W / 51.4733, -0.1504

This article is about the London district. Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government The London Borough of Wandsworth (ˈlʌndən bʌɹə ɒv ˈwɒndz The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system The London postal district is the area in England, currently of 241 square miles to which mail addressed to the LONDON Post town is delivered UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The SW (South Western and Battersea postcode area, also known as the London SW postcode area, is a group of postcode districts in south west London, England The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. "Metropolitan Police" redirects here See also Metropolitan police. The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and The London Fire Brigade ( LFB) is the statutory The London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (LAS is the largest "free at the point of contact" ambulance service in the world that does not directly charge its patients London is a Constituency of the European Parliament. It currently elects 9 MEPs using the D'Hondt method of Party-list proportional This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Battersea is a Constituency located in Battersea in the London Borough of Wandsworth. Greater London is divided into fourteen territorial constituencies for London Assembly elections each returning one member Merton and Wandsworth is a Constituency represented in the London Assembly. A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a partial list of places in London, England See List of places in England for lists of settlements in other counties A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. For the Hooverphonic extended play , see Battersea (EP). Hooverphonic is a Belgian rock / pop group formed in 1995 Though early on categorized as a Trip hop group they quickly expanded their Battersea is an EP by the Belgian band Hooverphonic. It was released in 1998

Battersea is a place in the London Borough of Wandsworth. The London Borough of Wandsworth (ˈlʌndən bʌɹə ɒv ˈwɒndz It is an inner-city district located 2. 9 miles (4. 8 km) south west of Charing Cross. Charing Cross is located at the junction of the Strand, Whitehall and Cockspur Street in Central London, England. It has a population of 75,651 people (April 2001). In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology [1]

Contents

Geography

Battersea is an area of London lying on the south bank of the River Thames. The Thames ( is a major River flowing through southern England. Roughly triangular in shape, its northern boundary is the Thames, as it runs first north-east, and then east, before turning north again to pass Westminster. The City of Westminster ( is a borough of London with city status. Its north eastern corner is one mile (1. 6 km) due south of the Palace of Westminster; the north western corner is demarcated by Wandsworth Bridge and Battersea tapers south to a point roughly three miles (5 km) from the north eastern corner and two miles (3 km) from the north west. Wandsworth Bridge crosses the River Thames in London in a North-West to South-East direction

Places of note

Within the bounds of modern Battersea are (from east to west):

The Festival Gardens of Battersea Park
The Festival Gardens of Battersea Park

History

The area takes its name from the old village of Battersea, an island settlement established in the river delta of the Falconbrook; a river that rises in Tooting Bec Common and flows underground through south London to the River Thames. The Falconbrook is is a Subterranean river that flows under Balham and Battersea where it enters the River Thames. The Tooting Commons consist of two adjacent areas of common land lying between Balham, Streatham and Tooting, in south west London: The Thames ( is a major River flowing through southern England. [2]. The site of the original settlement is marked by St. Mary's Church. St Mary's Church Battersea is the local Church of England parish church in Battersea, formerly in Surrey and now part of south London, William Blake was married, and Benedict Arnold and his wife and daughter are buried in the crypt of the church. William Blake (28 November 1757 – 12 August 1827 was an English poet, painter, and Printmaker. Benedict Arnold V ( – June 14, 1801) was a General during the American Revolutionary War who originally fought for the American Continental In terms of European architecture a crypt (from the Latin crypta and the Greek κρυπτη, kryptē) is a stone chamber or Battersea is mentioned in Anglo-Saxon time as Badrices īeg = "Badric's Island" and later "Patrisey". For their language see Anglo-Saxon language. Anglo-Saxon is the term usually used to describe the invading Tribes in the south As with many former Thames island settlements, Battersea was reclaimed by draining marshland and building culverts for streams.

The settlement appears in Domesday Book as Patricesy. The Domesday Book (ˈduːmzdeɪ bʊk also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester) was the record of the great survey It was held by St Peter's Abbey, Westminster. Westminster is an area of Central London, within the City of Westminster. Its Domesday Assets were: 18 hides; 7 mills worth £42 9s 8d, 17 ploughs, 82 acres of meadow, woodland worth 50 hogs. The hide was a unit used in assessing land for liability to " Geld " or land tax in Anglo-Saxon England from the 7th to the 11th centuries The plough ( American spelling plow; both plaʊ is a Tool used in Farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed A meadow is a field vegetated primarily by Grass and other non- Woody plants. Ecologically a woodland is an area covered in trees differentiated from a Forest. Pigs, also called hogs or' swine', are Ungulates which have been domesticated as sources of food leather and similar products since ancient times It rendered (in total): £75 9s 8d. [3]

Following her husband's death in 1890, Charlotte Despard devoted her time and money to helping the poor of Little Ireland in Nine Elms, Battersea. Charlotte Despard (née French) (1844 &ndash 1939 was a British-born later Irish-based Suffragist, Novelist and Sinn Féin activist [4]

Industry

Before the industrial revolution, much of the area was farmland, providing food for the City of London and surrounding population centres; and with particular specialisms, such as growing lavender on Lavender Hill (nowadays denoted by the road of the same name) or pig breeding on Pig Hill (later the site of the Shaftesbury Park Estate). The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the For London as a whole see the main article London. The City of London is a geographically The Lavenders Lavandula are a Genus of about 25–30 species of Flowering plants in the mint family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean Villages in the wider area - Battersea, Tooting, Wandsworth, Balham - were isolated one from another; and throughout the second half of the second millennium, the wealthy built their country retreats in Battersea and neighbouring areas.

Industry in the area was concentrated to the north west just outside the Battersea-Wandsworth boundary, at the confluence of the River Thames, and the River Wandle which gave rise to the village of Wandsworth. The River Wandle is a River in southeast England. It runs through southwest London and is approximately 9 miles (14 km long This article refers only to the town of Wandsworth For the wider area generally referred to as Wandsworth see the separate article on London Borough of Wandsworth. This was settled from the 16th century by Protestant craftsmen - Huguenots - fleeing religious persecution in Europe, who established a range of industries such as mills, breweries and dying, bleaching and calico printing. The Huguenots were members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France (or French Calvinists) from the sixteenth to the eighteenth Calico is a plain-woven Textile. In the United Kingdom, "calico" refers to fabric made from unbleached and often not fully processed Cotton Industry developed eastwards along the bank of the Thames during the industrial revolution from 1750s onwards; the Thames provided water for transport, for steam engines and for water intensive industrial processes. The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the Bridges erected across the Thames encouraged growth; Putney Bridge, a mile (1. Putney Bridge is a Bridge crossing of the River Thames in west London, linking Putney on the south side with Fulham to the north 6 km) to the west, was built in 1729, and Battersea Bridge in the centre of the north boundary in 1771. Battersea Bridge is a road Bridge crossing of the River Thames in south-west London, linking Battersea south of the river with Inland from the river, the rural agricultural community persisted.

Along the Thames, a number of large and, in their field, pre-eminent firms grew; notably the Morgan Crucible Company, which survives to this day and is listed on the London Stock Exchange; Price's Candles, which also made cycle lamp oil; and Orlando Jones' Starch Factory. The Morgan Crucible ( is one of the largest UK manufacturers of carbon and ceramic products for industrial use The London Stock Exchange or LSE is a Stock exchange located in London, England. The 1874 Ordnance Survey map of the area shows the following factories, in order, from the site of the as yet unbuilt Wandsworth Bridge to Battersea Park: Starch manufacturer; Silk manufacturer; (St. John's College); (St. Mary's Church); Malt house; Corn mill; Oil and grease works (Prices Candles); Chemical works; Plumbago Crucible works (later the Morgan Crucible Company); Chemical works; Saltpetre works; Foundry. The Morgan Crucible ( is one of the largest UK manufacturers of carbon and ceramic products for industrial use Between these were numerous wharfs for shipping.

Battersea Power Station
Battersea Power Station

In 1929, construction started on Battersea Power Station, being completed in 1939. Battersea Power Station is a defunct coal-fired power station in Battersea, London, that was the first in a series of large coal-fired electrical generating Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Battersea Power Station is a defunct coal-fired power station in Battersea, London, that was the first in a series of large coal-fired electrical generating Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. From the late 18th century to comparatively recent times, Battersea, and certainly north Battersea, was established as an industrial area, with all of the issues associated with pollution and poor housing affecting it. For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment that causes instability disorder harm or discomfort to the physical systems or living organisms they are in

Industry declined and moved away from the area in the 1970s, and local government sought to address chronic post-war housing problems with large scale clearances and the establishment of planned housing. More recently, some decades after the end of large scale local industry, residential overspill from fashionable Chelsea, the area to the north across the Thames, has changed the character of much of Battersea. Chelsea is an area of south-west London, England, bounded to the south by the River Thames, where its frontage runs from Chelsea Bridge along Factories have been demolished and replaced with apartment buildings. Many of the council owned properties have been sold off and many traditional working men's pubs have become more fashionable bistros, although much local authority housing (including estates of considerable notoriety such as the Winstanley) and land in industrial use still remains.

Railway age

Battersea was radically altered by the coming of railways. The London and Southampton Railway Company was the first to drive a railway line from east to west through Battersea, in 1838, terminating at Nine Elms at the north west tip of the area. Nine Elms is a district of London, situated in the far north-eastern corner of the London Borough of Wandsworth between Battersea and Vauxhall Over the next 22 years five other lines were built, across which all trains from Waterloo Station and Victoria Station ran. An interchange station was built in 1863 towards the north west of the area, at a junction of the railway. Taking the name of a fashionable village a mile and more away, the station was named Clapham Junction. "Clapham Junction" redirects here For other uses see Clapham Junction (disambiguation Clapham Junction Railway station is During the latter decades of the nineteenth century Battersea had developed into a major town railway centre with two locomotive works at Nine Elms and Longhedge and three important motive power depots (Nine Elms, Stewarts Lane and Battersea) all situated within a relatively small area in the north of the district. The effect was precipitate: a population of 6,000 people in 1840 was increased to 168,000 by 1910; and save for the green spaces of Battersea Park, Clapham Common, Wandsworth Common and some smaller isolated pockets, all other farmland was built over, with, from north to south, industrial buildings and vast railway sheds and sidings (much of which remain), slum housing for workers, especially north of the main east–west railway, and gradually more genteel residential terraced housing further south. Battersea Park is a 200 acre (083 km² green space in Battersea, London, England. Clapham Common is a triangular area of grassland of about 220 acres (0 Wandsworth common is a public common in Wandsworth south London.

The railway station encouraged the government to site its buildings - the town hall, library, police station, court and post office - at what became known as Clapham Junction; the Arding and Hobbs department store, diagonally opposite the station, was the largest of its type at the time of its construction in 1885; and the area was served by a vast music hall - The Grand - opposite the station and nowadays serving as a nightclub and venue for smaller bands.

Politics

Arms granted to the metropolitan borough in 1955
Arms granted to the metropolitan borough in 1955

The tradition of local government in the United Kingdom was based on the Parish. Local governments are administrative offices that are smaller than a State. A parish is a Local church; it is an administrative unit typically found in episcopal or presbyterian churches Population growth in the 18th century demanded new arrangements, and the Metropolitan Borough of Battersea was created in 1899, with the boundaries described above. The Metropolitan Borough of Battersea was a Metropolitan borough of the County of London of England between 1900 and 1965 It was in 1965 combined with the neighbouring Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth to form the London Borough of Wandsworth. The Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth was a Metropolitan borough under the London County Council, from 1900 to 1965 The London Borough of Wandsworth (ˈlʌndən bʌɹə ɒv ˈwɒndz The former Battersea Town Hall, opened in 1893, is now the Battersea Arts Centre. Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Battersea Arts Centre (often abbreviated to "BAC") is a Performance space near Clapham Junction in Battersea, in the London

In the period from 1880 onwards, Battersea was known as a centre of radical politics in the United Kingdom. Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year John Burns founded a branch of the Social Democratic Federation, Britain's first organised socialist political party, in the borough and after the turmoil of dock strikes affecting the populice of north Battersea, was elected to represent the borough in the newly formed London County Council. John Elliot Burns ( 20 October 1858 – 24 January 1943) was a prominent English Trade unionist anti-racist Socialist The Social Democratic Federation (SDF was established as Britain's first organised socialist Political party by H Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution A political party is a Political organization that seeks to attain and maintain political power within Government, usually by participating in electoral London County Council (LCC was the principal local government body for the County of London, throughout its 1889-1965 existence and the first London-wide general municipal In 1892, he expanded his role, being elected to Parliament for Battersea North as one of the first Independent Labour Party member of Parliament. Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year See Independent Labor Party for the Political party in Burundi, Independent Labour Group for the Irish party and Labour candidates A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament.

Battersea's radical reputation gave rise to the Brown Dog affair, when in 1904 the National Anti-Vivisection Society sought permission to erect a drinking fountain celebrating the life of a dog killed by vivisection. The Brown Dog affair was a political controversy about Vivisection that raged in Edwardian England from 1903 until 1910 Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on The fountain, forming a plinth for the statue of a brown dog, was installed near in the Latchmere Recreational Grounds, became a cause célèbre, fought over in riots and battles between medical students and the local populace until its removal in 1910.

The borough elected the first black mayor in 1913 when John Archer took office, and in 1922 elected the Bombay-born Communist Party member Shapurji Saklatvala as MP for Battersea. Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common John Richard Archer ( 8 June, 1863 &mdashJuly 1932 was a British race and political activist Mumbai ( Marathi:,, IPA: formerly Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the financial A Political party described as a communist party includes those that advocate the application of the social principles of Communism through a communist form of Shapurji Saklatvala ( March 28, 1874 &ndash January 16 1936) was a British politician of Indian Parsi heritage

The Member of Parliament for the Battersea constituency since 1997 has been Labour's Martin Linton. Battersea is a Constituency located in Battersea in the London Borough of Wandsworth. John Martin Linton known as Martin Linton (born 11 August 1944, Stockholm, Sweden) is a British politician and has been

In pop culture

Battersea appears in Morrissey's song "You're the One for me Fatty" (he sings "all over Battersea, some hope and some despair"). Steven Patrick Morrissey (ˈmɒɹɪsiː born May 22, 1959) known primarily as Morrissey, is a British Singer and Lyricist Battersea is a title of a Hooverphonic song, and also appears in a title of a Super Furry Animals' song - "Battersea Odyssey". Hooverphonic is a Belgian rock / pop group formed in 1995 Though early on categorized as a Trip hop group they quickly expanded their Super Furry Animals (also known as " SFA " the " Furries " and the " Super Furries " are a Welsh Rock band Babyshambles have a song titled "From Bollywood to Battersea". This article is about the band Babyshambles For the song see Babyshambles (song Babyshambles are an English

Nearby places

Theatres

Railway stations

Former Railway stations

References

  1. ^ Battersea Profile, from Wandsworth Primary Care Trust, citing Census 2001
  2. ^ source:London Under London: A subterranean guide: Richard Trench and Ellis Hillman: ISBN 0-7195-5288-5
  3. ^ Doomsday Book for Surrey

Further reading

External links

The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica
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