Bass Rock
Location
Bass Rock
Bass Rock shown within Scotland.
OS grid reference:	NT602873
Names
Gaelic name:
Meaning of name:	Uncertain
Area and Summit
Area:	3 ha
Highest elevation:	107 m
Population
Population (2001):	0
Groupings
Island Group:	Islands of the Forth
Local Authority:	East Lothian
References:	[1][2][3][4]

The Bass Rock, or simply The Bass,^[5] is an island in the outer part of the Firth of Forth in the east of Scotland, approximately one mile off North Berwick. The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. Scotland covers an area of 78782 km² or 30341 mi², giving it a Population density of. The Islands of the Firth of Forth are a minor island group lying between Fife and the Lothians in east Scotland. For local government purposes Scotland is divided into 32 areas designated as "council areas" which are all governed by unitary authorities designated as East Lothian ( Lodainn an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 Unitary council areas in Scotland, and a lieutenancy Area. The Firth of Forth ( Scottish Gaelic: Linne Foirthe) is the Estuary or Firth of Scotland's River Forth, where it flows Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. The Royal Burgh of North Berwick is a seaside town in East Lothian, Scotland. Its name, "Bass" is pronounced so that it rhymes with "mass", rather than as "base", as the term "bass" is used in music. It is 100 metres at its highest point.

Contents 1 Geography and geology 1.1 Surrounding Islands 2 History 2.1 The Lauder Family 2.2 Hector Boece 2.3 Royal visits 2.4 Famous prisoners 2.5 Cromwellian invasion and after 2.6 Lighthouse 2.7 Castle 2.8 Well and chapel 3 Wildlife 4 Cultural references 4.1 Robert Louis Stevenson and Catriona 4.2 Music 5 Proverb 6 References 7 Notes 8 External links

Geography and geology

The island is "a volcanic plug of phonolite", dating to the Carboniferous period. Pittenweemjpg|thumb|300px|Pittenweem from the outer harbour wall The Royal Burgh of North Berwick is a seaside town in East Lothian, Scotland. A volcanic plug, also called a volcanic neck or lava neck, is a volcanic landform created when Lava hardens within a Vent on Phonolite is an evolved lava which is considered as forming in shallow Magma chambers Phonolite is an igneous, volcanic ( Extrusive) rock The Carboniferous is a geologic period and system that extends from the end of the Devonian period about 359 ^[2][4] The rock was first recognised as an igneous intrusion by James Hutton, while Hugh Miller, who visited in 1847, wrote about the Rock's geology in his book Edinburgh and its Neighbourhood, Geological and Historical: with The Geology of the Bass Rock. In Geology, an intrusion is a body of Igneous rock that has Crystallized from molten Magma below the surface of the Earth. James Hutton MD (3 June 1726 OS (14 June 1726 NS) Edinburgh 26 March 1797 was a Scottish Geologist, Hugh Miller (1802 &ndash 1856 was a self-taught Scottish Geologist and writer Folklorist and an Evangelical Christian. ^[4][6]

The island, which has been privately owned by the Hamilton-Dalrymple family for 300 years, is a volcanic plug and stands over 100 m high in the Firth of Forth Islands Special Protection Area which covers some, but not all of the islands in the inner and outer Firth. A volcanic plug, also called a volcanic neck or lava neck, is a volcanic landform created when Lava hardens within a Vent on A Special Protection Area or SPA is a designation under the European Union directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds The Bass Rock is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in its own right, due to its Gannet colony. A Site of Special Scientific Interest or SSSI is a Conservation designation denoting a Protected area in the United Kingdom. Gannets are Seabirds in the family Sulidae, closely related to the boobies. It is sometimes called "the Ailsa Craig of the East"[1][2]. Ailsa Craig ( Scottish Gaelic: Creag Ealasaid) is an Island in the outer Firth of Clyde, Scotland where granite was quarried to It is of a similar geological form to nearby North Berwick Law, a hill on the mainland. North Berwick Law is a conical hill which rises incongruously from the surrounding landscape (indeed this is the definition of the Lowland Scots word "law" ^[4] There are a couple of related volcanic formations within nearby Edinburgh, namely Arthur's Seat and Edinburgh Rock. Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. Edinburgh Rock is a traditional Scottish confection, and is quite distinct from conventional rock.

Much of the island is surrounded by steep cliffs, and rocks, with a slope facing south south west, which inclines at a steep angle.

The Bass does not occupy the skyline of the Firth, quite as much as its equivalent in the Clyde, Ailsa Craig, but it can be seen from much of southern and eastern Fife, most of East Lothian, and high points in the Lothians and Borders, such as Arthur's Seat, and the Lammermuir. Fife ( Gaelic: Fìobha) is a Council area of Scotland, situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland The Lammermuir Hills, usually simply called the Lammermuirs ( An Lomair Mòr in Gaelic) (occasionally Anglicised Lammermoors) in southern

Surrounding Islands

The Bass is one of a small string of islands off part of the East Lothian coast, which in turn are considered some of the Islands of the Forth. Craigleith is a small Island in the Firth of Forth off North Berwick in East Lothian, Scotland. East Lothian ( Lodainn an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 Unitary council areas in Scotland, and a lieutenancy Area. The Islands of the Firth of Forth are a minor island group lying between Fife and the Lothians in east Scotland. To the west are Craigleith, and the Lamb, Fidra and finally to the west of Fidra, the low lying island of Eyebroughy. Craigleith is a small Island in the Firth of Forth off North Berwick in East Lothian, Scotland. " The Lamb " is a poem by William Blake, published in Songs of Innocence in 1789. Fidra (archaically Fidrey) is an uninhabited island in the Firth of Forth, north-west of North Berwick, on the east coast of Scotland. Eyebroughy (or archaically Ibris;NT493859 is an Islet in the Firth of Forth, 200 m off East Lothian, Scotland. These are also mainly the result of volcanic activity.

To the north east, can be seen the Isle of May. The Isle of May is located in the north of the outer Firth of Forth, approximately 8 km (5 miles off the coast of mainland Scotland.

History

The Lauder Family

Historically the home of the Lauder of The Bass family (from whom Sir Harry Lauder is descended^[7]), who are the earliest recorded proprietors. Sir Henry Lauder ( 4 August 1870 - 26 February 1950) known professionally as Harry Lauder, was a notable Scottish According to later legend, the island is said to have been a gift from King Malcolm III of Scotland, though in reality the family do not appear until the 14th century. Máel Coluim mac Donnchada ( Modern Gaelic: Maol Chaluim mac Dhonnchaidh) called in most Anglicised regnal lists Malcolm III, and in later centuries Their crest is, appropriately, a Gannet standing upon a rock.

The family had from an early date a castle on the island. Sir Robert de Lawedre is mentioned by Blind Harry as a compatriot of William Wallace, and Alexander Nisbet recorded his tombstone in 1718, in the floor of the old kirk in North Berwick: "here lies Sir Robert de Lawedre, great laird of The Bass, who died May 1311". Blind Harry (c 1440 &ndash 1492 also known as Harry (also spelt Hary) or Henry the Minstrel, is renowned as the earliest surviving lengthy source for Sir William Wallace ( Scottish Gaelic: Uilleam Uallas; c 1272 – 23 August 1305 was a Scottish Knight, Landowner, and Patriot Alexander Nisbet (1657-1725 is one of the most important authors on Scottish heraldry. The Royal Burgh of North Berwick is a seaside town in East Lothian, Scotland. Five years later his son received that part of the island which until then had been retained by The Church because it contained the holy cell of Saint Baldred. For the associate of Saint Kentigern see Baldred of Strathclyde. A century on Wyntown's Cronykil relates: "In 1406 King Robert III, apprehensive of danger to his son James (afterwards James I) from the Duke of Albany, placed the youthful prince in the safe-custody of Sir Robert Lauder in his secure castle on The Bass prior to an embarkation for safer parts on the continent. Andrew Wyntoun, known as Andrew of Wyntoun (c 1350 &ndash c 1423 was a Scottish poet a canon and Prior of Loch Leven on St Serf's Robert III redirects here Robert Curthose of Normandy is also sometimes known as Robert III or Robert II James I ( December 10, 1394 &ndash February 21, 1437) was nominal King of Scots from April 4, 1406, and " Subsequently, says Tytler, "Sir Robert Lauder of The Bass was one of the few people whom King James I admitted to his confidence. Patrick Fraser Tytler ( August 30, 1791 - December 14, 1849) Scottish historian son of Lord Woodhouselee, was born in " In 1424 Sir Robert Lauder of The Bass, with 18 men, had a safe-conduct with a host of other noblemen, as a hostage for James I at Durham. Durham (ˈdʌrəm in RP, locally ˈdʏrəm is a small city and main settlement of the City of Durham district of County Durham, England J J Reid also mentions that "in 1424 when King James I returned from his long captivity in England, he at once consigned to the castle of The Bass, Walter Stewart, the eldest son of Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany, his cousin. Murdoch Stewart Duke of Albany (1362 &ndash 24 May 1425) was Governor of Scotland (1420 - 1424 The person who received the payments for the prisoner's support was Sir Robert Lauder", whom Tytler further describes as "a firm friend of the King".

Hector Boece

Hector Boece offers the following description (original spelling):

"ane wounderful crag, risand within the sea, with so narrow and strait hals [passage] that na schip nor boit bot allanerlie at ane part of it. Tantallon Castle is a mid 14th century fortress located 5 km (3 miles south-east of North Berwick, in East Lothian, Scotland. Hector Boece (sometimes spelt Boethius, or Boyce) (1465-1536 was a Scottish Philosopher. This crag is callet the Bas; unwinnabil by ingine [ingenuity] of man. In it are coves, als profitable for defence of men as [if] thay were biggit be crafty industry. Every thing that is in that crag is ful of admiration and wounder. "^[8]

Royal visits

In 1497 King James IV visited the Bass and stayed in the castle with a later Sir Robert Lauder of The Bass (d. James IV ( 17 March 1473 &ndash 9 September 1513) was King of Scots from 11 June 1488 to his death Sir Robert Lauder of The Bass, (born before 1440 - died just before February 1508 was a Scottish knight Armiger, and Governor of the Castle at Berwick-upon-Tweed bef Feb 1508). The boatmen who conveyed the King from Dunbar were paid 14 shillings. Dunbar is a town in East Lothian on the southeast coast of Scotland, approximately 30 miles east of Edinburgh and 28 miles from the English Border George Lauder of The Bass entertained King James VI of Scotland when he visited The Bass in 1581 and was so enamoured that he offered to buy the island, a proposition which did not commend itself to George Lauder. Sir George Lauder of The Bass, Knt (died June 27, 1611 on The Bass) was a Cleric, Privy Counsellor, and Member of the Scottish James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625 was King of Scotland as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James The King appears to have accepted the situation with good grace. George was a Privy Counsellor - described as the King's "familiar councillor" - and tutor to the young Prince Henry. For other people known as Henry Prince of Wales see Henry Prince of Wales.

Famous prisoners

During the 15th century James I consigned several of his political enemies, including Walter Stewart[3] to The Bass. James I ( December 10, 1394 &ndash February 21, 1437) was nominal King of Scots from April 4, 1406, and Walter Stewart might refer to Walter Stewart 3rd High Steward of Scotland (died 1246 Walter Stewart 6th High Steward of Scotland In this period, many members of Clan MacKay ended up here, including, Neil Bhass MacKay (Niall "Bhas" MacAoidh), who gained his epithet from being imprisoned there as a fourteen year old in 1428. The Clan Mackay ( Gaelic: Mac Aoidh) is an ancient and once powerful Scottish clan from the country's far north in the Scottish Highlands, but He was kept there as a hostage, after his father, Aonghas Dubh (Angus Dhu) of Strathnaver in Sutherland was released, as security. Strathnaver or Strath Naver ( Scottish Gaelic, Srath Nabhair) is the Strath of the River Naver, in the Sutherland area of Sutherland (In Gaelic the area is referred to according to its traditional areas Dùthaich 'Ic Aoidh (NW Asainte (Assynt and Cataibh (East According to one Website

" Following the murder of King James at Perth in 1437 Neil escaped from the Bass and was proclaimed 8th Chief of the Clan Mackay. Perth may refer to "[4]

Cromwellian invasion and after

After almost 600 years, the Lauders lost The Bass during Cromwell's invasion, and the castle subsequently (in 1671) became a notorious gaol for many decades where many religious and political prisoners including Prophet Peden were sent. Scotland in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms covers Scotland 's involvement in the wider conflict known as the Wars of the Three Kingdoms between 1644 and 1650 Jail, or gaol (especially in Canada, Australia and NZ[http //www Alexander Peden also known as Prophet Peden (1626&ndash 26 January 1686) was one of the leading forces in the Covenant movement was John Blackadder, the best known of the Covenanting martyrs, died on the Bass in 1686. The Covenanters formed an important movement in the religion and politics of Scotland in the 17th century He is buried at North Berwick, where a United Free Church was named after him. The United Free Church of Scotland (or ‘UF Church’ is a Scottish Presbyterian denomination formed in 1900 by the union of the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland

Lighthouse

Bass Rock Lighthouse
Location:	Bass Rock Firth of Forth, Scotland
Coordinates WGS-84 (GPS)	56°04. The Firth of Forth ( Scottish Gaelic: Linne Foirthe) is the Estuary or Firth of Scotland's River Forth, where it flows Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth 6’N 02°38. 3’W
Year first constructed:	1902
Year first lit:	1902
Automated:	1988
Construction:	Stone
Tower shape:	Circular tower
Markings/Pattern:	White
Height:	20 m
Elevation:	46 m
Range:	16 km
Characteristic:	Flashing (3) White every 20 secs[9][10]

The island is home to a 20 metre lighthouse, built in 1902 by David Stevenson, who demolished the 13th century keep, or governor's house, and some other buildings within the castle for the stone. See also Lighthouse Pilotage Isophase light Flashing light Occulting light A lighthouse is a Tower, building or framework designed to emit light from a system of lamps and lenses or in older times from a fire and used as an Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting David Alan Stevenson (1854 Edinburgh – 1938 was a Lighthouse engineer who built twenty six lighthouses in and around Scotland. The Commissioners of the Northern Lighthouse Board decided that a lighthouse should be erected on the Bass Rock in July 1897 along with another light at Barns Ness near Dunbar. The Northern Lighthouse Board ( NLB) is the General Lighthouse Authority for Scotland and the Isle of Man. Dunbar is a town in East Lothian on the southeast coast of Scotland, approximately 30 miles east of Edinburgh and 28 miles from the English Border The cost of constructing the Bass Rock light was £8,087, a light first being shone from the rock on the evening of 1 November 1902. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting It has been unmanned since 1988 and is remotely monitored from the Board’s headquarters in Edinburgh. Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. Until the automation the lighthouse was lit by incandescent gas obtained from vaporised paraffin oil converted into a bunsen gas for heating a mantle. Kerosene, sometimes spelled kerosine in scientific and industrial usage is a Combustible Hydrocarbon liquid Since that time a new Biform ML300 synchronised bifilament 20 watt electric lamp has been used. ^[10]

Castle

Not far above the landing-place the slope is crossed by a curtain wall, which naturally follows the lie of the ground, having sundry projections and round bastions where a rocky projection offers a suitable foundation. Curtain wall is a term used to describe a building Façade which does not carry any dead load from the building other than its own dead load A bastion is a structure projecting outward from the main enclosure of a Fortification, situated in both corners of a straight wall (termed curtain with the shape The parapets are battlemented, with the usual walk along the top of the walls. A parapet is a wall-like barrier at the edge of a Roof or structure. A battlement, (also called a Crenellation) in defensive Architecture such as that of City walls or Castles comprises a Parapet Another curtain wall at right-angles runs down to the sea close to the landing-place, ending in a ruined round tower, whose vaulted base has poorly splayed and apparently rather unskilfully constructed embrasures. The term embrasure, in Military architecture, refers to the opening in a Crenellation or Battlement between the two raised solid portions or Merlons The entrance passes through this outwork wall close to where it joins the other.

The main defences are entered a little farther on in the same line, through a projecting two-story building which has some fireplaces with very simple and late mouldings. The buildings are of the local basalt, and the masonry is rough rubble; there are, as is so frequently the case, no very clear indications for dating the different parts, which were in all probability erected at different times. Basalt (bəˈsɔːlt ˈbeisɔːlt ˈbæsɔːlt is a common Extrusive Volcanic rock.

A little beyond the entrance there is a tower that formed a simple bastion and to which has been added a gabled chamber in the 17th century, which, though of restricted dimensions, must have been comfortable enough, with blue Dutch tiles round its moulded fireplace, now very much decayed. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar

Well and chapel

During the 16th and 17th centuries there was sufficient grass present for 100 sheep to graze. The freshwater well was right at the top of the island, where today the foghorn is situated. Freshwater is a word that refers to bodies of water such as Ponds lakes rivers and streams containing low concentrations of dissolved Salts and other Total dissolved For other meanings see Foghorn (disambiguation. A foghorn or fog signal is a device that uses sound to warn vehicles of hazards (or of the

Half-way up the island stands the ruin of St Baldred's Chapel, which is sited upon a cell or cave in which this Scottish Saint spent some time. Although the Lauders held most of the Bass Rock, this part of it had remained in the ownership of The Church until 1316 when it was granted to the family. The chapel appears to have been rebuilt by the Lauder family several times. A Papal Bull dated May 6, 1493, refers to the Parish Church of the Bass, or the Chapel of St Baldred, being "noviter erecta" at that time. A Papal bull is a particular type of Letters patent or charter issued by a Pope. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. A parish church, in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a Parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches On the January 5, 1542 we find John Lauder, son of Sir Robert Lauder of The Bass, Knt. Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. John Lauder (born c 1488 died between 1551 and 1556 was Scotland 's Public Accuser of Heretics In the Great Seal of Scotland, (number 1136 dated at Sir Robert Lauder of The Bass, (born before 1440 - died just before February 1508 was a Scottish knight Armiger, and Governor of the Castle at Berwick-upon-Tweed , as "the Cardinal's Secretary" representing Cardinal David Beaton at a reconsecration of the restored and ancient St. David Beaton (c 1494 &ndash 29 May 1546) was Archbishop of St Andrews and the last Scottish Cardinal prior to the Baldred's chapel on The Bass. In 1576 it is recorded that the Church on the Bass, and that at Auldhame (on the mainland), required no readers, doubtless something to do with the Reformation. Auldhame and Scoughall are hamlets in East Lothian, Scotland They are close to the town of North Berwick and the village of Whitekirk, and are The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time

Wildlife

The island plays host to more than 150,000 Gannets and is the largest single rock gannetry in the world, described famously by Sir David Attenborough as "one of the wildlife wonders of the world". ^[11] When viewed from the mainland, large regions of the surface appear white due to the sheer number of birds (and their droppings, which give off 152,000 kg of ammonia per year, equivalent to the achievements of 10 million broilers). Ammonia is a compound with the formula N[[hydrogen H3]] It is normally encountered as a Gas with a characteristic pungent Odor A broiler is a type of Chicken or Turkey raised specifically for Meat production ^[12] In fact the scientific name for the Northern Gannet, Sula bassana or Morus bassanus, derives its name from the rock. The Northern Gannet ( Morus bassanus, formerly Sula bassana) is a Seabird and is the largest member of the Gannet family Sulidae They were traditionally known locally as 'Solan Goose'. In common with other gannetries, such as St Kilda, the birds were harvested for their eggs and flesh which were considered delicacies. St Kilda (Hiort is an isolated Archipelago 64 kilometres (40 mi west-northwest of North Uist in the North Atlantic Ocean. Other bird species that frequent the rock include Guillemot, Razorbill, Cormorant, Puffin, Eider Duck and numerous gulls. The Common Guillemot or Common Murre ( Uria aalge) is a large Auk. The Razorbill, Alca torda, is a large Auk, 38-43 cm in length with a 60-69 cm wingspan The Great Cormorant ( Phalacrocorax carbo) known as the Great Black Cormorant across the Northern Hemisphere the Black Cormorant in Australia and the The Atlantic Puffin ( la Fratercula arctica) is a Seabird Species in the Auk family. The Common Eider, Somateria mollissima, is a large (50-71cm body length sea-duck, which is distributed over the northern coasts of Europe, North Gulls (often informally Seagulls) are birds in the family Laridae ^[10]

The natural history of the rock was written about almost five hundred years ago in John Mair's De Gestis Scotorum ("The deeds of the Scots") published in 1521. John Mair or John Major (also known in Latin as Joannes Majoris and Haddingtonus Scotus) (1467-1550 was a Scottish Philosopher ^[13] Today, the Scottish Seabird Centre at North Berwick has solar powered cameras located on the island which beam back live close up images of the seabirds to large screens on the mainland, just over a mile away. The images are sharp enough for visitors at the Scottish Seabird Centre to read the ID rings on birds' feet. The Seabird Centre has 10 cameras located on the islands of the Forth and also broadcasts the images live on the internet. ^[11] The Centre also has exclusive landing rights to the island from the owner Sir Hew Hamilton-Dalrymple and operates a limited number of photographic boat trips to the islands throughout the year, weather permitting.

Cultural references

Due to its imposing nature, prison and connection with Scottish history, the Bass has as a result featured in a lot of fiction.

Robert Louis Stevenson and Catriona

Robert Louis Stevenson had at least one strong connection with the Bass, as his cousin, David Stevenson, designed the lighthouse there. For other meanings see Catriona. Catriona (also known as David Balfour) is an 1893 novel by Robert Louis Stevenson Robert Louis Balfour Stevenson (13 November 1850–3 December 1894 was a Scottish novelist poet and travel writer, and a representative of Neo-romanticism in David Alan Stevenson (1854 Edinburgh – 1938 was a Lighthouse engineer who built twenty six lighthouses in and around Scotland. Amongst his earliest memories were holidays in North Berwick ^[14]. The Royal Burgh of North Berwick is a seaside town in East Lothian, Scotland. He often stayed at Scoughall Farm, whence the Bass can be seen ^[14], and some local folklore gave him the inspiration for his short story The Wreckers. ^[14]

Catriona is the 1893 sequel to Kidnapped, both by Robert Louis Stevenson. For other meanings see Catriona. Catriona (also known as David Balfour) is an 1893 novel by Robert Louis Stevenson Kidnapped is a historical fiction Adventure novel by the Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson. Robert Louis Balfour Stevenson (13 November 1850–3 December 1894 was a Scottish novelist poet and travel writer, and a representative of Neo-romanticism in They are both set in the aftermath of the Jacobite rebellion, in the mid-18th century. The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings rebellions and wars in the kingdoms of England, Kingdom of Scotland (later the United Kingdom of Great Britain

The first part of the Catriona recounts the attempts of the hero - David Balfour - to gain justice for James Stewart - James of the Glens - who has been arrested and charged with complicity in the Appin Murder. The Appin Murder is a noted unsolved Murder which took place in 1752 in Appin in western Scotland. David makes a statement to a lawyer, and goes on to meet Lord Prestongrange - the Lord Advocate - to press the case for James' innocence. William Grant (1701? &ndash 1764 Lord Prestongrange, was a Scottish politician and judge Her Majesty's Advocate (or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Advocate) known as the Lord Advocate (Morair Tagraidh is the chief legal officer of the Scottish However his attempts fail as he is once again kidnapped and confined on the Bass Rock, until the trial is over, and James condemned to death.

The book begins with a dedication to Charles Baxter, a friend of Stevenson, written in his home in Western Samoa and says:

There should be left in our native city some seed of the elect; some long-legged, hot-headed youth must repeat to-day our dreams and wanderings of so many years ago; he will relish the pleasure, which should have been ours, to follow among named streets and numbered houses the country walks of David Balfour, to identify Dean, and Silvermills, and Broughton, and Hope Park, and Pilrig, and poor old Lochend - if it still be standing, and the Figgate Whins [the area near Portobello] - if there be any of them left; or to push (on a long holiday) so far afield as Gillane or the Bass. Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa, is a country governing the western part of the Samoan Islands Archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean Broughton is an ancient feudal barony today within the City of Edinburgh, Scotland. Gullane is a small village in East Lothian on the east coast of Scotland, and on the southern shore of the Firth of Forth. So, perhaps, his eye shall be opened to behold the series of the generations, and he shall weigh with surprise his momentous and nugatory gift of life.

Chapter XIV is entitled simply, The Bass, and gives a long description of the island, which is described as "just the one crag of rock, as everybody knows, but great enough to carve a city from. "

" "It was an unco place by night, unco by day; and there were unco sounds; of the calling of the solans [gannets], and the plash [splash] of the sea, and the rock echoes that hung continually in our ears. It was chiefly so in moderate weather. When the waves were anyway great they roared about the rock like thunder and the drums of armies, dreadful, but merry to hear, and it was in the calm days when a man could daunt himself with listening; so many still, hollow noises haunted and reverberated in the porches of the rock. "

Music

A pibroch was written by Iain Dall MacAoidh (MacKay), commemorating Neil Bhass' imprisonment and escape from the island, entitled The Unjust Incarceration "[5][6]

Proverb

An old saying has the following:

"Ding doun Tantallon,—

Mak’ a brig to the Bass. A pibroch (IPA) is a classical music form native to the Scottish Highlands and performed on the Great Highland Bagpipe. "[7]

In reference to the pitiful state of Tantallon Castle nearby. Tantallon Castle is a mid 14th century fortress located 5 km (3 miles south-east of North Berwick, in East Lothian, Scotland.

Coordinates: 56°4′39″N 2°38′19″W / 56.0775, -2.63861

References

• The History of Scotland, by Patrick Fraser Tytler, Edinburgh, 1866, vol. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Patrick Fraser Tytler ( August 30, 1791 - December 14, 1849) Scottish historian son of Lord Woodhouselee, was born in III, pps:187 -190. )
• The Bass - Early notices by John J. Reid, in Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 1885. The Society of Antiquaries of Scotland is the senior Antiquarian body in Scotland, with its headquarters collections archive and lecture theatre in the Royal
• Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland 1357 - 1509, edited by Joseph Bain, F. S. A. ,(Scot), Edinburgh, 1888, vol. iv, number 942, 3rd February, 1424.
• North Berwick, Gullane, Aberlady and East Linton District, by R. P. Phillimore, North Berwick, 1913, p. 40.
• The Berwick and Lothian Coasts by Ian C. Hannah, London & Leipzig, 1913.
• The Bass Rock in History in Transactions of the East Lothian Antiquarian & Field Naturalists' Society, 1948, vol. 5, p. 55.
• The Lauders of The Bass by G. M. S. Lauder-Frost, F. S. A. ,(Scot), in East Lothian Life, Autumn 1996, issue 22, ISSN 1361-7818

Notes

External links

• History of the island
• NLB History of Bass Rock Lighthouse
• Article from The Gazetter for Scotland
• Webcams at Scottish Seabird Centre Website

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