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Basil III, called Boioannes (Βασίλειος Βοϊωάννης) in Greek and Bugiano in Italian, was the Byzantine catapan of Italy (1017[1] - 1027[2]) and one of the greatest Byzantine generals of his time. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. The Catepanate (or Catapanate) of Italy ( Greek:) was a province of the Byzantine Empire, comprising mainland Italy south of a line drawn from His accomplishments enabled the Empire to reestablish itself as a major force in southern Italy after centuries of decline. Yet, the Norman adventurers introduced into the power structure of the Mezzogiorno would be the eventual beneficiaries. The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France. Geography Southern Italy forms the lower "boot" of the Italian peninsula containing the ankle (Abruzzo and Molise and southern Lazio the toe (Calabria and the heel

Contents

Life

Upon his appointment by the Emperor Basil II in December 1017, he immediately requested reinforcements from Constantinople to fight the insurgency of the Lombard general Melus of Bari and his Norman soldiery. This is a list of the Emperors of the Eastern Roman Empire, commonly known as the Byzantine Empire by modern historians Basil II, surnamed the Bulgar-slayer (Βασίλειος Β΄ Βουλγαροκτόνος Basileios II Boulgaroktonos, 958 &ndash December 15 1025 Constantinople (Κωνσταντινούπολις Konstantinoúpolis, or gr ἡ Πόλις hē Polis, Latin: la CONSTANTINOPOLIS The Lombards ( Latin Langobardi, whence the alternative names Langobards and Longobards) were a Germanic people originally from Melus (also Milus or Meles, Melo in Italian) (died 1020 was a Lombard nobleman from the Apulian town of Bari The request was granted: a detachment of the elite Varangian Guard was sent. The Varangians or Varyags ( Old Norse: Væringjar Greek: Βάραγγοι Βαριάγοι Váraggoi / Varyágoi, Ukrainian The two forces met on the river Ofanto near Cannae, the site of Hannibal's victory over the Romans in 216 BC. The Ofanto, known in ancient times as Aufidus, from the greek Ophidus, Ωφιδους, meaning snake, is a 170 km River Cannae is also a band from Boston Massachusetts Cannae (mod Canne della Battaglia) is an ancient village of the Apulia region Hannibal (Pronounced in Phoenician: Hanniba'al means " Ba'al is my grace " or " Ba'al has given me grace " 247 BC &ndash Events By place Roman Republic The Carthaginian general Hannibal, moves his forces southward through Italy and seizes the large In the second Battle of Cannae, Boioannes achieved an equally decisive victory. The Battle of Cannae took place in 1018 between the Byzantines under the Catepan of Italy Basil Boioannes and the Lombards under

Boioannes protected his gains by immediately building a great fortress at the Apennine pass guarding the entrance to the Apulian plain. Apulia ( Italian: Puglia) is a region in southeastern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea in the east the Ionian Sea Troia, named after the ancient city of Asia Minor, was garrisoned by Boioannes' own contingent of Norman troops in 1019. Troia ( Greek:, Transliterated as Aika or Aikai or Ece; Latin: Aecae or Æcæ; also formerly Anatolia (Anadolu Ανατολία Anatolía) or Asia minor, comprising most of modern Turkey, is the geographic region bounded by the Black Soon, all the Mezzogiorno had submitted to Byzantine authority, with the exception of the Duchy of Benevento, which remained faithful to the Papacy. The Duchy and later Principality of Benevento was the southernmost Lombard duchy in medieval Italy centred on Benevento, a city central in the Mezzogiorno History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and

Frightened by the shift in momentum in the south, Pope Benedict VIII went north in 1020 to Bamberg to confer with the Holy Roman Emperor, Henry II. Benedict VIII (born in Rome, died April 9, 1024) born Theophylactus, Pope from 1012 to 1024 of the noble family of the Bamberg is a town in Bavaria, Germany. It is located in Upper Franconia on the river Regnitz, close to its confluence with the river Main The Holy Roman Emperor (Römischer Kaiser or Römisch-Deutscher Kaiser Romanorum Imperator was the elected monarch ruling over the many varying numbers of states Saint Henry II ( May 6, 973 &ndash July 13, 1024) called the Holy or the Saint, was the fifth and last Holy The Emperor took no immediate action, but events of the next year convinced him to intervene. Boioannes and his new ally Prince Pandulf IV of Capua marched on Melus' brother-in-law Dattus and captured his tower on the Garigliano. Pandulf IV (also spelled Randulf, Bandulf, Pandulph, Pandolf, Paldolf, or Pandolfo) was the Prince of Capua Dattus or Datto was a Lombard leader from Bari, the brother-in-law of Melus of Bari. The Garigliano is a River in central Italy. It forms at the confluence of the rivers Gari (also known as the Rapido and Liri. On 15 June, Dattus was tied up in a sack with a monkey, a rooster, and a snake and thrown into the sea. Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history The next year, in response, a huge imperial army marched south to attack the new fortress of Troia. The garrison held out and never fell. Boioannes granted the town privileges for its loyalty.

In 1025, Boioannes was preparing to lead a Sicilian expedition with Basil II when the great emperor died. Constantine VIII, his co-ruler and successor, cancelled the expedition, and the catapan went north to aid Pandulf in retaking Capua, which Henry II had captured three years earlier. Constantine VIII ( Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Η΄ Kōnstantinos VIII) (960&ndash November 15, 1028) was Byzantine emperor Boioannes offered the new prince of Capua, Pandulf of Teano, safe passage to Naples and accepted his surrender in May 1026. Pandulf V was the count of Teano and Prince of Capua (1022 &ndash 1026 Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the This was to be his last major campaign. In 1027, he was recalled. His replacements hardly lived up to the standard of military effectiveness he set. During the next century, Byzantine influence in Italy steadily declined to nil.

In 1041, Boioannes' son Exaugustus was named catapan, but he did not last a year in that post. Exaugustus Boiοannes (Exaugusto Bugiano son of the famous Basil Boioannes, was also a Catepan of Italy, from 1041 to 1042

Sources

References

  1. ^ Catherine Holmes, University College, Oxford - Roman Emperors DIR Basil II
  2. ^ Chalandon, Ferdinand. Histoire de la domination normande en Italie et en Sicilie. Paris, 1907

External links

Preceded by
Leo Tornikios Kontoleon		 Catepan of Italy
1017–1027		 Succeeded by
Christophoros Burgaris
Leo Tornikios Kontoleon was the Catapan of Italy from May to September 1017 The Catepanate (or Catapanate) of Italy ( Greek:) was a province of the Byzantine Empire, comprising mainland Italy south of a line drawn from Christopher or Christophoros Burgaris was the short-tenured successor of the famous Basil Boiannes as Catepan of Italy.
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