The life-size[1]marble statue known as the Barberini Faun or Drunken Satyr is located in the Glyptothek in Munich, Germany. The Glyptothek is a museum in Munich, Germany, which was commissioned by the Bavarian King Ludwig I to house his collection of Greek and The Glyptothek is a museum in Munich, Germany, which was commissioned by the Bavarian King Ludwig I to house his collection of Greek and Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. A Faun is the Roman equivalent of a Greek Satyr. In Roman mythology, fauns are place-spirits ( genii) of untamed woodland In Greek mythology, satyrs (Σάτυροι Satyroi) are a troop of male companions of Pan and Dionysus – " Satyresses quot In Greek mythology, satyrs were human-like male woodland spirits with several animal features, often a goat-like tail, hooves, ears, or horns. Satyrs attended Dionysus. In Classical mythology, Dionysus or Dionysos (in Greek, Διόνυσος or Διώνυσος; associated with Roman
The sculpture was either carved by an unknown Hellenistic sculptor of the Pergamene school, in the late third or early second century BCE. This article focuses on the cultural aspects of the Hellenistic age for the historical aspects see Hellenistic period. [2] or is a Roman copy of high quality. The statue was found in the 1620s at the Castel Sant'Angelo, Rome, which in Antiquity had been Hadrian’s Mausoleum. For the town with the same name see Castel Sant'Angelo (RI The Mausoleum of Hadrian, usually known as the Castel Sant'Angelo, is a towering Publius Aelius Hadrianus (January 24 76 &ndash July 10 138 as emperor Imperator Caesar Divi Traiani filius Traianus Hadrianus Augustus, and Divus Hadrianus after Work on the fortification was undertaken by the Barberini Pope Urban VIII in 1624. Pope The sculpture made its first documented appearance in a receipt for its restoration, 6 June 1628, when it already belonged to Cardinal Francesco Barberini[3]. Francesco Barberini seniore ( September 23, 1597 - December 10, 1679) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic When discovered, the statue was heavily damaged; the right leg, parts of both hands, and parts of the head were missing. The historian Procopius recorded that during the siege of Rome in 537 the defenders had hurled down upon the Goths the statues adorning Hadrian's Mausoleum, and Johann Winckelmann speculated that the place of discovery and the statue's condition suggested that it had been such a projectile[4]
It was traditionally asserted that Cardinal Maffeo Barberini commissioned Gianlorenzo Bernini to restore the statue, "but there is no evidence for the tradition that Bernini was in any way involved with the statue," Francis Haskell and Nicholas Penny observed in 1981, after reviewing the documentation and literature. Procopius of Caesarea ( Προκόπιος ο Καισαρεύς, c The Goths ( Gothic: Gothic usvg|14px|u]]Gothic asvg|14px|a]]Gothic s Johann Joachim Winckelmann ( December 9, 1717 - June 8, 1768) a German Art historian and Archaeologist, The Barberini are a family of the Italian nobility that rose to prominence in 17th century Rome. "Bernini" redirects here For people named Bernini see Bernini (surname. Restorations, at first in stucco, were remade in 1679 by Giuseppe Giorgetti and Lorenzo Ottoni, who enabled the antique left leg to be reaffixed and provided the elaborate supporting structure that is illustrated in Paolo Alessandro Maffei's Raccolta di statue (1704)[5]; in the eighteenth century the right leg was again restored in marble, and once more by Pacetti in 1799. (The sculpture is shown today without the restored hanging left arm. )
These restorations of the Barberini Faun may have enhanced the sexual aspect of the statue. Because of this, the statue has acquired a reputation as an example of homoerotic art. Nudity in Greek art was nothing new; however, the blatant sexuality of this piece makes it most interesting to twentieth-century eyes. His wantonly spread legs focus attention on his genitals: Maureen Dowd, a New York Times columnist, compared the nude photographs of Jeff Gannon he advertised on the Internet to the Barberini Faun. Maureen Dowd (born January 14, 1952) is a Washington DC -based Columnist for The New York Times. James Dale Guckert (born 1957 a Conservative Columnist who worked under the Pseudonym Jeff Gannon as a White House reporter between [6] Not all viewers have found the Faun so indecorous: the Barberini Faun was reproduced on a Nymphenburg porcelain service in the 1830s. The Nymphenburg Porcelain Manufactory (in German: Porzellanmanufaktur Nymphenburg) manufacturer of Nymphenburg porcelain, is situated in the Nymphenburg
The statue was housed in the Palazzo Barberini, Rome, until it was sold in 1799 to the sculptor and restorer Vincenzo Pacetti; Pacetti offered it to various English and French clients, including Lucien Bonaparte. Palazzo Barberini is a palace in Rome, on the piazza of the same name in Rione Trevi. Vincenzo Pacetti ( Castel Bolognese 1746 – 1820 was an 18th century Italian sculptor and restorer particularly active in collecting and restoring classical sculptures such Lucien Bonaparte Prince Français 1st Principe di Canino and 1st Principe di Musignano (born Luciano Buonaparte; ( May 21, 1775 &ndash The Barberini brought suit to annul the sale and eventually sold the Faun, after much public competition and a ban on its exportation, strongly supported by the antiquarian Carlo Fea and by Antonio Canova— to Ludwig, Crown Prince of Bavaria. Carlo Fea ( Pigna &mdash now in Liguria, 2 February, 1753 - Rome 18 March, 1836) was an Italian Archaeologist Ludwig I (also rendered in English as Louis I) ( August 25 1786 in Strasbourg &ndash February 29, 1868 in Nice Ludwig had planned a special room in the Glyptothek designed by the architect Leo von Klenze before the purchase was even finalized, and it was in place by 1827. Leo von Klenze ( Franz Karl Leopold von Klenze, February 29 1784 - January 27 1864) was a German neoclassicist Architect The Glyptothek[7] opened in 1830 to house Ludwig's sculpture collection.
A marble copy was sculpted by Edmé Bouchardon at the French Academy in Rome in 1726 (illustration, right). Edmé Bouchardon ( 29 May 1698 - 27 July 1762) was a French sculptor, esteemed in his day as the greatest sculptor of his Edmé Bouchardon ( 29 May 1698 - 27 July 1762) was a French sculptor, esteemed in his day as the greatest sculptor of his The French Academy in Rome (Académie de France à Rome is an Academy located in the Villa Medici, within the Villa Borghese, on the Pincio (Pincian Hill Cardinal Barberini desired a plaster cast of it to keep with the antique original. Bouchardon's Barberini Faun arrived in France in 1732, greatly admired. In 1775 the duc de Chartres bought it for his elaborate garden plan at Parc Monceau. Louis Philippe II Joseph Duke of Orléans ( 13 April 1747 at Château de Saint Cloud, Saint-Cloud, France &ndash 6 November Parc Monceau (/paʁk mɔ̃sɔ/ is a public park situated in the 8th Arrondissement of Paris, France, at the junction of Boulevard de Courcelles Rue de It is now in the Louvre Museum. The Louvre Museum (Musée du Louvre located in Paris is the world's most visited art museum a historic monument and a national museum of France
A gilded copy is included among many other replicas of classical sculptures that adorn the grand cascade that descends from the back of Peter the Great's summer palace, Peterhof (Petrodvorets), outside of St. Petersburg, Russia. Peterhof (Петерго́ф Petergof, originally named nl Peterhof, the Dutch for "Peter's Court" is a municipal town within Petrodvortsovy Peterhof (Петерго́ф Petergof, originally named nl Peterhof, the Dutch for "Peter's Court" is a municipal town within Petrodvortsovy Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending
Notes
- ^ It is 215 cm long.
- ^ Martin Robertson, A History of Greek Art 1975 (Cambridge University Press) vol I, p. 534.
- ^ Haskell and Penny 1981:202.
- ^ Winckelmann, Storia delle arti del disegno presso gli antichi, edited by Carlo Fea, noted by Haskell and Penny. Carlo Fea ( Pigna &mdash now in Liguria, 2 February, 1753 - Rome 18 March, 1836) was an Italian Archaeologist
- ^ The engraving is reproduced in Haskell and Penny 1981:fig. 16.
- ^ Maureen Dowd, "Bush's Barberini Faun", New York Times, February 17, 2005, page 29.
- ^ γλύφειν glyphein, "to carve".
See also
- Portland Vase and Apollo Barberini, also collected by the Barberini
References
- Francis Haskell and Nicholas Penny, 1991. The Portland Vase is a first century BC Roman cameo Glass vase which served as an inspiration to many glass and Porcelain makers from about the beginning Francis Haskell (1928 – January 18 2000 Oxford) was an English Art historian, whose writings placed emphasis on the Social history of Taste and the Antique: The Lure of Classical Sculpture 1500-1900 (Yale University Press). Cat. no. 33, pp 202-05.
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