The Bangladesh Army (Bangla:Bānglādesh Shenā Bāhini, বাংলাদেশ সেনাবাহিনী) is the land forces branch of the Bangladesh Armed Forces. An army (from Latin Armata "act of arming" via Old French armée) in the broadest sense is the land-based Armed forces The military of Bangladesh constitutes of the Bangladesh Army, Bangladesh Navy and the Bangladesh Air Force and are composed of regular It was formed on 15 April 1971 following the oath of the Bangladesh Government at Meherpur, Kushtia during Bangladesh War of Independence originally consisting of Bengali soldiers and officers who defected from the Pakistan Army. Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. The Bangladesh Liberation War (i ( Bengali: মুক্তিযুদ্ধ Muktijuddho) was an armed conflict between West Pakistan (later The Pakistan Army ( Urdu:) is the largest branch of the Pakistan military, and is mainly responsible for protection of the state borders the security of administered Its current strength is estimated to be over 144,000 personnel.
The Bangladesh Army structure is similar to many armies of the Commonwealth Nations. However, major changes have undergone following the adoption of U. S. Army]] tactical planning procedures, training management techniques and noncommissioned officer educational systems. A non-commissioned officer (sometimes noncommissioned officer) also known as an NCO or Noncom, is an enlisted member of an Armed force
It is supported by artillery, medical, engineers, nurses, armored and combat corps. Artillery (from French artillerie) is a military Combat Arm which employs any apparātus machine In times of war and crisis, the Bangladesh Army can also be reinforced by the Bangladesh Rifles, Ansar, Village Defence Parties (VDP), and other land forces numbering about one million trained personnel. Bangladesh Rifles (BDR is a paramilitary force in Bangladesh.
It has specialised its peacekeeping operations capabilities around the world trhough participation in peacekeeping and nationbuilding. It has created BIPSOT(Bangladesh Institute of Peace Support Operation Training) which is dedicated to training of peacekeepers for employment in all types of UNPSO (UN Peace Support Operations). This institute fulfils the requirement of UNDPKO as per General Assembly resolution which outlines ‘the necessity and responsibility of every nation to train their armed forces before any deployment’. The U.S. Military has taken keen interest and participating in this area. The United States Armed Forces are the overall unified military forces of the United States
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With Bengal as the principal post of English rule and trade for most of its entire Raj Colonial rule in the sub-continent, East Bengal under the British Rule was a prominent place for British military and police recruitment, when entire horse-mounted, cavalry and lancer units were named after Bengal, especially prior to the Bengal Sepoy Mutiny of 1857. Since which time the worst violations of human rights by the Britsih landed upon the Bengali's.
After the First War of Independence, native Bengalis were forbidden from enjoying basic freedoms among many others including from entering military service citing the "martial races theory", primarily because majority of them were involved in the revolt against the British. The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of Sepoys of British East India Company 's army on the 10th of May 1857 in the town of Meerut, Martial Race or Martial Races Theory is an Ideology based on the assumption that certain Ethnic groups are inherently more martially inclined In fact later the units called Bengal Lancers and Bengal Cavalry were often recruited from non-Bengali races.
The formation of the Bangladesh War of Independence undertook at the Sector Commanders Conference held in the week of July 11-17th, 1971. It was of extreme historical significance and tactical consequence. This conference was mainly in significance of command structuring of Bangladesh Forces, sector reorganization and reinforcement. This conference was equally presided over by the Bangladesh interim government in exile Prime Minister Mr. Tajuddin Ahmed and General Osmani, during which the retired Colonel was promoted and reinstated as active duty into the armed forces of Bangladesh as its senior most official. General M A G Osmani was thereby appointed Commander in Chief of all Bangladesh Forces. Principal participants of this conference was Squadron Leader M. Hamidullah Khan, Major Ziaur Rahman, Wing Commander Bashar, Major Jalil, Captain Haider, Lt. Col. Abdur Rab and Group Captain A. K. Khandaker. Lt. Col Rab was appointed as Chief of Army Staff, Squadron Leader Hamidullah was assigned to the largest guerilla training camp of the liberation war at Chakulia, Bihar, as the Chief Military Representative of the Bangladesh government in exile and Group Captain Khandaker as Deputy Chief of Armed Forces. The preliminary preparation for the creation of the Bangladesh Air Force was also initiated with Khandakar to be its first chief. In this meeting, Bangladesh was divided into Eleven Sectors under Sector Commanders.
The 10th Sector was directly placed under Commander in Chief and included the Naval Commandos as C-in-C’s special force. [1] Sector Commanders directed the guerrilla warfare. For better efficiency in military operations each of the sectors were divided into a number of sub-sectors. On November 21, 1971 Bangladesh Liberation Force handed over the full command and authority of its operations to the Indian armed forces to command the war.
The table below provides a list of the sectors along with the area under each of them, the names of the sector commanders and the names of sub-sectors.
| Sectors of Bangladesh Liberation War | |||||||
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| Sector | Area | Sector Commander | Sub Sector (Commanders) | ||||
| 1 | Chittagong District, Chittagong Hill Tracts, and the entire eastern area of the Noakhali District on the banks of the river Muhuri. The Bangladesh Liberation War (i ( Bengali: মুক্তিযুদ্ধ Muktijuddho) was an armed conflict between West Pakistan (later Chittagong District is a district located in the south-eastern region of Bangladesh. The Chittagong Hill Tracts ( Bengali: পার্বত্য চট্টগ্রাম Parbotto Chôṭṭogram) comprise an area of 13180 km2 For the village in Barisal see Noakhali Barisal Division. Noakhali (নোয়াখালী জিলা is a district in South-eastern Muhuri River ( Bangla: মুহুরী Muhuri) one of the trans-boundary rivers of Bangladesh. The headquarters of the sector was at Harina. | • Major Ziaur Rahman April 10th '71 - Jun 25th '71 • Major Rafiqul Islam 28th Jun '71 - Feb 14th '72 |
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| 2 | Districts of Dhaka, Comilla, and Faridpur, and part of Noakhali District. Dhaka District (ঢাকা জেলা is a district located in central Bangladesh. Comilla District is a District of Bangladesh located about 100 kilometers south east of Dhaka. Faridpur is a district in central Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division. For the village in Barisal see Noakhali Barisal Division. Noakhali (নোয়াখালী জিলা is a district in South-eastern | • Major Khaled Mosharraf April 10th '71 - Sep 22nd '71 • Major ATM Haider Sector Commander Sept 22nd '71 - December 18th '72 (represented Bangladesh at the surrender of the Pakistani Army) |
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| 3 | Area between Churaman Kathi (near Sreemangal) and Sylhet in the north and Singerbil of Brahmanbaria in the south. Khaled Mosharraf ( Bangla: খালেদ মোশাররফ was a Bangladeshi military officer who was a key commander of the Mukti Bahini during the Sylhet (or Srihatta) is a district in eastern Bangladesh. It is one of four districts in Sylhet Division. Brahmanbaria ( Bengali: ব্রাহ্মণবাড়িয়া Bramhonbaŗia) is a district in east-central Bangladesh. | • Major K M Shafiullah April 10th '71 - July 21st '72 • Captain ANM Nuruzzaman July 23rd '71 - Feb 14th '72 |
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| 4 | Area from Habiganj District on the north to Kanaighat Police Station on the south along the 100 mile long border with India. Major General K M Shafiullah ( Bir Uttam) was the Second in Command of Second East Bengal Regiment that revolted with 6 officer on the night of March Habiganj (হবিগঞ্জ Hobigônj) is a district in northern Bangladesh. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The headquarters of the sector was initially at Karimganj and later at Masimpur. | • Major Chittarajan Datta April 10th '71 - Feb 14th '72 • Captain A Rab |
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| 5 | Area from Durgapur to Danki (Tamabil) of Sylhet District and the entire area up to the eastern borders of the district. Sylhet (or Srihatta) is a district in eastern Bangladesh. It is one of four districts in Sylhet Division. Sylhet (or Srihatta) is a district in eastern Bangladesh. It is one of four districts in Sylhet Division. The headquarters of the sector was at Banshtala. | • Major Mir Shawkat Ali April 10th '71 - Feb 14th '72 |
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| 6 | Rangpur District and part of Dinajpur District. Rangpur is a district in Northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division. The headquarters of the sector was at Burimari near Patgram. | • Wing Commander M Khademul Bashar April '71 - Feb 14th '72 |
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| 7 | Rajshahi, Pabna, Bogra and part of Dinajpur District. Air Vice-Marshal M Khademul Bashar ( 1 September 1935 &ndash 1 September 1976) was commander of the Bangladesh Air Force Rajshahi District (রাজশাহী জেলা is a district in north-western Bangladesh. Pabna District (পাবনা জেলা Pabna Jela) is a district in Northern Bangladesh. Bogra (বগুড়া Bogura) is a northern district of Bangladesh, in the Rajshahi Division. The headquarters of the sector was at Taranngapur. | • Major Nazmul Haq April 10th - Aug 20th '71 • Major Kazi Nuruzzaman Aug 21st - Feb 14th '72 • Subedar Major A Rab |
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| 8 | In April 1971, the operational area of the sector comprised the districts of Kushtia, Jessore, Khulna, Barisal, Faridpur and Patuakhali. Kushtia, Kushtia district or Kushtia Zilla is a district in the Khulna administrative division of western Bangladesh. Jessore (or Jashahor) is a district in south western Bangladesh with a population of 154000 in 1991 The Khulna District is a district of Bangladesh. It is located in the Khulna Division. Barisal (বরিশাল is a district in southern Bangladesh. Faridpur is a district in central Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division. Patuakhali (পটুয়াখালী) is a district in South-western Bangladesh. At the end of May the sector was reconstituted and comprised the districts of Kuhstia, Jessore, Khulna, Satkhira and the northern part of Faridpur district. Satkhira is a district in South-western Bangladesh. It is a part of the Khulna Division. The headquarters of the sector was at Benapole. Benapole is the Bangladesh side of the Petrapole -Benapole border checkpost between Bangladesh and India. | • Major Abu Osman Chowdhury April 10th - July 17th '71 • Major MA Manzur Aug 14th '71 - Feb 14th '72 |
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| 9 | Barisal, Patuakhali, and parts of the district of Khulna and Faridpur. Barisal (বরিশাল is a district in southern Bangladesh. Patuakhali (পটুয়াখালী) is a district in South-western Bangladesh. The Khulna District is a district of Bangladesh. It is located in the Khulna Division. Faridpur is a district in central Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division. | • Major M A Jalil July 17th - Dec 24th 1971 • Major MA Manzur • Major Joynal Abedin |
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| 10 | This sector was constituted with the naval commandos. | • Commander HQ BD Forces Dec 3rd - Dec 16th 1971 | |-valign="top" | 11 | Mymensingh and Tangail along with parts of Rangpur - Gaibandha, Ulipur, Kamalpur and Chilmari. Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani, better known as Banga Bir General M Mymensingh (ময়মনসিংহ is one of the districts of Dhaka division, Bangladesh, and is bordered on the north by Meghalaya state of Tangail ( Bengali: টাঙ্গাইল জিলা is a District ( zila) in central region of Bangladesh. Rangpur is a district in Northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division. Gaibandha is a district in Northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division. Ulipur (উলিপুর is an Upazila of Kurigram District in the Division of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Chilmari (চিলমারী is an Upazila of Kurigram District in the Division of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. The headquarters of the sector was at Mahendraganj. | • Major Ziaur Rahman June 27th '71 - Oct 10th '71 • Squadron Leader M. Ziaur Rahman (জিয়াউর রহমান Ziaur Rôhman) (January 19 1936 &ndash May 30 1981 was the President of Bangladesh and the founder Hamidullah Khan Nov 3rd '71 - Feb 14th '72 Major Abu Taher Oct 10 '71 - Nov 2nd '71 [ lost leg in mine blast ] |
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The Bangladesh Armed Forces was organized for Liberation War in 1971 into three brigades.
The people of Bengal fighting to gain independence dates back into history beginning in the middle of the 19th Century to the mid-twentieth century, during when the land of Bengal was divided and united a number of times for numerous politico-social reasons, principally based on religious and class lines. With the British exiting the sub-continent during mid-19th century, the birth of two newly formed nations India and Pakistan took effect. Pakistan was divided into two sections along religious lines, East Pakistan and West Pakistan, but there were major cultural differences between these two divisions, reminicent of the entire subcontinent. Since Independence, a major human right issue among the two sides was brewing. The issue of Bengali and not Urdu as the major national language at least in East Pakistan if not entire Pakistan, as Bengali's were majority of the Pakistani population but lay on the eastern side. All animosities and disagreements broke out in the streets of East Pakistan, against the establishment of Urdu as the national language. A number of university students including activists involved were shot by government forces. [1] This incident sparked a major division among the two peoples of the West and East Pakistan from which arose mass political uprisings and change in attitude of the common Bengali folk. Within two decades, by 1970, elections had taken place in entire pakistan (both divisions) as to decide the future of the country. East Pakistan, winning the majority of the votes were not allowed to convene in the national parliament and transit to form a national government. Reconcilation and unity pledges did not materialise, and before any attempts to break the stalemate was initiated, a massive military buildup went underway. A brutal crackdown upon the local Bengali population was executed by the national military with wanton torture, rape and murder. The Bengali population rose to the challenge with the call from its most fiery, authoritative and charismatic leader Bangabondhu Sheikh Mujib on March 26, which was further reiterated by a declarationm made by Major Ziaur Rahman through radio in Chittagong on March 27. The nations independence was declared on March the 26th 1971 and from then on was to be officially known as Bangladesh. A fierce guerilla war broke out throughout the nation, with heavy fighting in some areas. This sparked the beginning of a second mass but slow migration of Hindu's into India that lasted through into the nineties. About half a million[unofficial account] Bengalis were killed. On November 21, 1971 Bangladesh government in exile at Calcutta, India, handed over the full command and authority of all Bangladesh Forces and their operations to the Indian armed forces. The Pakistani army on December 16, 1971 surrendered itself to the Indian army. The Indian army remained on Bangladesh soil until March 19th, 1972.
The Bangladesh Army has been involved in protecting the area of CHT Chittagong Hill Tracts from deep rooted insurgencies mounted by the Shanti Bahini, a militant terrorist group known as the Shanti Bahini, according to reports financed and armed by Bangladesh's neighbor India. The Chittagong Hill Tracts ( Bengali: পার্বত্য চট্টগ্রাম Parbotto Chôṭṭogram) comprise an area of 13180 km2 The Shanti Bahini ( Bengali: শান্তি বাহিনী "Peace Force" was the name of the military wing of the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samiti Many a times India who denies the charges sat with the Bangladesh Army and government reprensentatives on round table peace talks to resolve the issue. The Shanti Bahini who demands exclusive rights over their fellow Bengali citizens, has been fighting this insurgency in the (CHT) since 1976. However, the situation has greatly improved, as major education, house building, irrigation and other macroeconomic initiatives has undergone. This led to an international peace accord witnessed by the UN was signed between the Government and representatives of the Shanti Bahini in 1997. Army deployment has been significantly reduced in the once deep forests of CHT where most of the grouping was planned and initiated.
With increase of local government participation in the area, peace and stability has been continuous, whereas destruction of property, human rights violation, killings and torture of Bengalis, once a common phenomenon by the Shanti Bahini has greatly reduced. Many Shanti Bahini were captured and tried while many escaped into bordering India. The UNDP, UNHCR including other international NGO's are engaged in human development projects in the area.
Bangladesh Army has been actively involved in United Nations Peace Support Operations (UNPSO). The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security During the first Gulf War in 1991, the Bangladesh Army sent a 2,193 member team to monitor peace in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed Following that, the Bangladesh Army participated in peace keeping activities in Namibia, Cambodia, Somalia, Uganda/Rwanda, Mozambique, former Yugoslavia, Liberia, Haiti, Tajikistan, Western Sahara, Sierra Leone, Kosovo, Georgia, East Timor, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire and Ethiopia. Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa on the Atlantic coast The Kingdom of Cambodia ( formerly known as Kampuchea (, transliterated: Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchea) is a country in South East Somalia ( Soomaaliya; الصومال) officially the Somali Republic ( Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, جمهورية الصومال) and formerly known The Republic of Uganda is a Landlocked country in East Africa. The Republic of Rwanda (ruːˈændə or /rəˈwɑːndə/ in English ɾwanda or in Kinyarwanda is a small Landlocked country in the Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique (Moçambique or República de Moçambique, ʁɛ'publikɐ d musɐ̃'bik is a country in southeastern Africa See also Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian Liberia, officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the west coast of Africa, bordered by Sierra Leone, Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: Tajikistan (təˈdʒɪkɨstæn or /təˈdʒiːkɨstæn/ Тоҷикистон tɔʤikɪsˈtɔn or, Persian تاجیکستان taajikestaan officially the Republic of Western Sahara ( Arabic: الصحراء الغربية; transliterated: as-Ṣaḥrā' al-Gharbīyah; Sahara Occidental is a territory Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. Georgia ( საქართველო, Sakartvelo) is a Transcontinental country in the Caucasus region situated at the dividing line between East Timor, also known as Timor-Leste (officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste) is a country in Southeast Asia. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo often referred to as DR Congo, DRC or RDC, and formerly known or referred to Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page As of February 2008, Bangladesh remained the largest contributor with 11,200 troops in the UN Peacekeeping forces.
Today the Bangladesh Army has 10 Infantry Divisions with 31 Infantry brigades deployed around the country. It has one armoured division, one artillery division, one engineer division, one commando brigade, one independent Air-defence Artillery brigade and eleven aviation squadrons. [3] The Army has a division for Training and Doctrinal policy formulation and conduct, named the ATDC (Army Training and Doctrine Command) Division. In addition the Army has a number of training institutions spread all over the country that supplement it's fighting strength. The army is divided into the following corps:
General Staff Branch----- Major General Sina Ibn Jamali (CGS)
Adjutant General Branch---- Major General Motiur Rahman (AG)
Quarter Master General Branch---- Lieutenant General Md Jahangir Alam Choudhury (QMG)
Master General of Ordnance Branch---- Major General Anup kumar Chakma (MGO)
Engineer in Chief Branch---- Major General Md Ismail faruque Chowdhury (E-in-C)
Military Secretary's Branch
Judge Advocate General Branch
Chief of Army Staff The Chief of Army Staff (CAS) is the professional head of the Bangladesh Army. Armoured warfare or tank warfare is the use of Armoured fighting vehicles in Modern warfare. Artillery (from French artillerie) is a military Combat Arm which employs any apparātus machine An engineer is a person professionally engaged in a field of Engineering. The Infantry is the oldest and most numerous of the Combat Arms in the Armed forces, and consists The Royal Army Service Corps ( RASC) was a former Corps of the British Army. The Army Medical Department of the US Army, known as the AMEDD, comprises the six medical Special Branches of the Army In most countries special forces (SF is a generic term for highly-trained Military teams/units that conduct specialized operations such as Reconnaissance Aviation refers to activities involving man-made flying devices ( Aircraft) including the people organizations and regulatory bodies involved with them Military police ( MPs) are normally the Police of a Military Organization. The Royal Army Educational Corps ( RAEC) was a Corps of the British Army tasked with educating and instructing personnel in a diverse range of skills He is also regarded as the senior-most defence official in the armed services by rank. The current CAS is General Moeen U Ahmed, who was appointed on June 15 2005. General Moeen Uddin Ahmed is a Bangladeshi army officer and has been the Chief of Army Staff of the Bangladesh Army since 15 June 2005
The rank structure of the Bangladesh Army is modeled along the armies of the Commonwealth Nations. Hasan Mashhud Chowdhury (হাসান মশহুদ চৌধূরী is a retired Bangladeshi army officer and Lieutenant General of the Bangladesh Army General Moeen Uddin Ahmed is a Bangladeshi army officer and has been the Chief of Army Staff of the Bangladesh Army since 15 June 2005 The ranks of Commissioned Officers, and Non Commissioned Officers are (in increasing order)
Presently Bangladesh army has obsoleted these T62 tanks and converted those into APCs and Self Propelled artillery guns.
However, in near future BD army is in the agreement to buy a regiment of Russian tank with upgraded version of armor and higher engine power.