Balochistan or Baluchistan is an arid region located in the Iranian Plateau in Southwest Asia and South Asia, between Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan. The article is about the geographic sense of the term For other uses including Regions and Regional, see Region (disambiguation. The Iranian Plateau, also known as the Persian plateau is a Geological formation in Southwest Asia, Southern Southwest Asia or Southwestern Asia (largely overlapping with the Middle East) is the southwestern portion of Asia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, The area is named after the numerous Baloch (or Baluch, Balouch, Balooch, Balush, Balosh, Baloosh, Baloush) tribes, an Iranian people, who moved into the area from the west around A. The Baloch ( بلوچ; alternative transliterations Baluch Balouch Bloach Balooch Balush Balosh Baloosh Baloush) are an Iranian people inhabiting The Iranian people are a collection of Ethnic groups defined along linguistic lines as speaking Iranian languages. D. 1000. All natives are considered Balochi even if they do not speak Balochi; Pashto, Persian, and Brahui languages are also spoken in the region. Balochi (بلوچی also Baluchi, Baloci or Baluci) is a Northwestern Iranian language. Pashto ( Naskh: پښتو pəʂ'to also rendered as Pakhto, Pushto, Pukhto, Pashtu, Pushtu, also known as The Brahui (Urdu spelling بروہی or Bravi (براوِ Language, spoken by the Brahui, is a Dravidian language mainly spoken in The southern part of Balochistan is known as Makran. Makran ( Urdu / Persian: مکران) is a semi-desert coastal strip in the south of Balochistan, in Iran and Pakistan, along
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Landscape
Balochistan's landscape is composed of barren, rugged mountains and fertile land. During the summer, some regions of Balochistan are the hottest in Pakistan. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Most of the land is barren, and it is generally sparsely populated. In the south – the Makran – lies the desert through which Alexander the Great passed with great difficulty. Makran ( Urdu / Persian: مکران) is a semi-desert coastal strip in the south of Balochistan, in Iran and Pakistan, along Alexander the Great ( or, Mégas Aléxandros; July 20 356 BC June 10 or June 11 323 BC also known as Alexander III of Macedon (el Ἀλέξανδρος Γ'
History
The original inhabitants of ancient Baluchistan, were the aborigine tribes speaking languages related to Munda languages. Balochistan is one of the four provinces of Pakistan. It was conquered by the British Empire on October 1, 1887 The Munda languages are a Language family spoken by about nine million people in central and eastern India and Bangladesh. The Dravidians are thought to have migrated from the Iranian plateau and settled in Baluchistan and the Indus valley around 4000 BC. Dravidian peoples refers to the peoples that natively speak languages belonging to the Dravidian language family. The Iranian Plateau, also known as the Persian plateau is a Geological formation in Southwest Asia, Southern The Brahui living in Baluchistan still speak a Dravidian language, thought to be a remnant from this earlier susbtrate. The Indo-European Indo-Aryan peoples, and other Indo-Iranian peoples, migrated from what is now Afghanistan and surrounding areas starting around 2000 BC, and settled in all regions of Pakistan. The Indo-Iranian language group constitutes the easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European family of languages Later, these Aryan groups would become the Pakhtuns and the various Nuristani, Dardic, and other tribes that currently populate the region. Pashtuns ( Pashto: پښتون Paṣtūn, Paxtūn, also rendered as Pushtuns, Pakhtuns, Pukhtuns) also called The Nuristani languages are a subgroup of the Indo-Iranian language family, spoken in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The Dardic languages are a group of Indo-Iranian languages spoken in eastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and in India in the region of Jammu Before the arrival of the Baloch, the region was populated by Brahui people|Brahuis]]. . Nearly all of Baluchistan, and what is today the country of Pakistan, was part by the Persian Achaemenid dynasty that ruled the area for over two hundred years beginning in 540 BC. The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenid Persian Empire ( haχɒmaneʃijɒn (558–330 BC was the first of the Persian Empires to rule over significant portions of In 326 BC, Alexander the Great defeated the Hindu king Puru (Porus, Paurava) at the Hydaspes near Jhelum and annexed the area to his Hellenistic empire. Alexander the Great ( or, Mégas Aléxandros; July 20 356 BC June 10 or June 11 323 BC also known as Alexander III of Macedon (el Ἀλέξανδρος Γ' A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical Conflict alliance and comradeship with Alexander Unlike his neighbour Ambhi (in Greek Omphis, King Porus chose to fight Alexander the Great in The Battle of the Hydaspes River was a Battle fought by Alexander the Great in 326 BC against the Indian king Porus (Pururava This article focuses on the cultural aspects of the Hellenistic age for the historical aspects see Hellenistic period. After Alexander's death and brief Seleucid control, Baluchistan remained part of the Persian empire. The Seleucid Empire /sə'lusɪd/ ( 312 - 63 BC) was a Hellenistic empire i The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia
From the 1st century to the 3rd century AD, the region was ruled by the Pāratarājas (lit. The 1st century was the Century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Julian calendar. The 3rd century is the period from 201 to 300 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The Pāratarājas (lit "Pārata Kings" are a dynasty of Indo-Scythian kings who ruled in the Baluchistan region of today's Pakistan and "Pārata Kings"), a dynasty of Indo-Scythian or Indo-Parthian kings. The Indo-Scythians are a branch of the Indo-Iranian Sakas ( Scythians) who migrated from southern Siberia into Bactria, The Indo-Parthian Kingdom was established during the 1st century by Gondophares, and at its greatest extent extended into areas that are in present-day Afghanistan The dynasty of the Pāratas is thought to be identical with the Pāradas of the Mahabharata, the Puranas and other Indian sources. The Paradas are a people mentioned in ancient Indian texts such as the Manu Smriti, various Puranas, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. For other meanings see Purana (disambiguation. The Puranas ( Sanskrit: sa पुराण purāṇa, "of ancient times" [1]
They are essentially known through their coins, which typically exhibit the bust of the ruler on the obverse, with long hair within a headband), and a swastika within a Brahmi legend on the reverse (usually silver coins) or Kharoshthi (usually copper coins). The swastika (from Sanskrit: svástika sa स्वस्तिक Hindu IS CORRECT if 'ि' is positioned incorrectly see -->) is The Kharoṣṭhī script, also known as the Gāndhārī script, is an ancient Abugida (an alphasyllabary based on consonants with graphical variations to express The coins can mainly be found in the Loralai area of modern Pakistan. Loralai is the principal city of Loralai District in the northeast of the Balochistan Province of Pakistan.
Herodotus in 650 BC describes the Paraitakenoi as a tribe ruled by Deiokes, a Persian king, in northwestern Persia (History I. Herodotus of Halicarnassus ( Greek: Hēródotos Halikarnāsseús) was a Greek Historian who lived in the 5th century BC ( 484 BC&ndash Deioces, Déjocès, Deiokes or Diyako (709 BC &ndash 656 BC was a Prince and the first king of the Medes. 101). Arrian describes how Alexander the Great encountered the Pareitakai in Bactria and Sogdiana, and had them conquered by Craterus (Anabasis Alexandrou IV). For others with this name see Arrianus (disambiguation. Lucius Flavius Arrianus 'Xenophon' (ca Alexander the Great ( or, Mégas Aléxandros; July 20 356 BC June 10 or June 11 323 BC also known as Alexander III of Macedon (el Ἀλέξανδρος Γ' "Bactrian" redirects here For the camel see Bactrian camel. History Hellenistic period The Sogdian Rock or Rock of Ariamazes a fortress in Sogdiana was captured in 327 BC by the forces of Alexander the Great For other uses, see Craterus (disambiguation Craterus (ca 370 BC - 321 BC Greek: Κρατερός) was a Macedonian general The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (1st century AD) describes the territory of the Paradon beyond the Ommanitic region, on the coast of modern Baluchistan. The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea ( Periplus Maris Erythraei) is a Greek Periplus, describing navigation and trading opportunities [2]
During the Arab conquest of the Persian empire in the 8th century, Muslim technocrats, bureaucrats, soldiers, traders, scientists, architects, teachers, theologians and sufis flocked from the rest of the Muslim world and many settled in Baluchistan and its tributory state until the rise of the Mughals. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding Numerous Baloch tribes, an Iranian people, moved into the area from the west in the 11th century to escape the Seljuk Turks. The Baloch ( بلوچ; alternative transliterations Baluch Balouch Bloach Balooch Balush Balosh Baloosh Baloush) are an Iranian people inhabiting The Iranian people are a collection of Ethnic groups defined along linguistic lines as speaking Iranian languages. The Seljuq (also Seljuq Turks, Seldjuks, Seldjuqs, Seljuks; in Turkish Selçuklular; in Ṣaljūqīyān; in Western Baluchistan was conquered by Iran in the 19th century, and its boundary was fixed in 1872. Sistān o Balūchestān ( Persian: استان سیستان و بلوچستان is one of the 30 provinces of Iran. Omani influence waned in the east and Oman's last possession, Gwadar, was bought by Pakistan in 1958. Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman ( Arabic: سلطنة عُمان) is an Arab Country in Southwest Asia on the southeast Gwadar (; 瓜達爾 瓜达尔 is located on the southwestern coast of Pakistan, on the Sea of Oman. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In 1998 Pakistan conducted nuclear tests in the Pakistani province of Baluchistan.
Famous people of Baluchistan
There are many famous people from Balochistan including the following:
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Historical Personalities
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Eastern Balochistan
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Western Balochistan
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Northern Balochistan
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Baluchistan Separatist Movements
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Regional |
Eastern Balochistan |
Western Balochistan |
Northern Balochistan |
Baluchistan Political Parties
- Balochistan National Party
- Jamhoori Wattan Party
- Balochistan National Movement
- Baloch Students Organization
- Baloch Students Organization- Awami
- Baluchi Autonomist Movement
- Millat Party
- Awami National Party
References
- ^ "New light on the Paratarajas" p11
- ^ "New light on the Paratarajas" p29-30
![[1]](http://images.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.culturebase.net/inc/mediaimage.php%3Ffile%3Dartist_3058_rostam.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.culturebase.net/artist.php%3F3058&h=176&w=176&sz=42&hl=en&start=2&um=1&tbnid=Z1vWmO1EJ7N6NM:&tbnh=100&tbnw=100&prev=/images%3Fq%3DRostam%2BMirlashari%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN){kind=link}
See also
- Balochistan (Pakistan)
- Conflict between Pakistan and Baloch warlords in Balochistan
- Mehergarh
- Bolan Pass
- Seistan Force
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