Baha' al-Daula (d. December 22, 1012) was the Buyid amir of Iraq (988-1012), along with Fars and Kerman (998-1012). Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies The Buyids (آل بویه Āl-e Buye, Caspian: Bowyiyün also known as Buwaihids or Buyyids, were a Shī‘ah Iranian For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. Events By Place Africa Al-Azhar University is founded in Cairo, Egypt (the second oldest university in the world Fars (pronounced/fɑː(ɹs ( Persian: فارس Fârs) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran. Kerman (کرمان is a city in Iran. It is the center of Kerman province. Events By Place Europe Otto III retakes the city of Rome and reinstates his cousin Pope Gregory V, after mutilating He was the third son of 'Adud al-Daula. Aḍud al-Dawla ( Arabic: عضد الدولة) or Azod od-Dowleh Fana Khusraw ( ( September 24, 936, Isfahan - March
Upon the death of his brother Sharaf al-Daula in 988, Baha' al-Daula succeeded him, whereupon he took the additional title of "Diya' al-Milla". Shirdil Abu'l-Fawaris (c 960 - September 7, 988 or September 6, 989) was the Buyid amir of Kerman and Fars Another brother, Samsam al-Daula, prevented Baha' al-Daula from gaining all of Sharaf al-Daula's possessions by taking control of Fars, Kerman and Khuzestan. Marzuban (c 963-December 998 was the Buyid amir of Iraq (983-987 as well as Fars and Kerman (988 or 989-998 Khūzestān (خوزستان is one of the 30 provinces of Iran. Both Baha' al-Daula and his brother, however, were threatened by their granduncle Fakhr al-Daula, who was the ruler of Jibal. Fakhr al-Daula ( Arabic: فخر الدولة) (d October or November 997 was the Buyid amir of Jibal (976-980 984-997 Hamadan Jibāl ( جبال) was a short-lived Arab-ruled province located in western Iran, under the Abbasid Caliphate of Baghdad Fakr al-Daula invaded Khuzestan in an attempt to split the two brothers' territories. Khūzestān (خوزستان is one of the 30 provinces of Iran. This act prompted the brothers to draw up an alliance. Samsam al-Daula recognized Baha' al-Daula as the ruler of Iraq and Khuzestan, while he himself kept Arrajan, Fars and Kerman. Both promised to consider each other as equals, and took the title of "king".
In 991 Baha' al-Daula attempted to gain supremacy over Samsam al-Daula's realm. This article documents the year AD 991 Events By Place Europe Battle of Maldon: The Anglo-Saxons are defeated He took the title of Shâhanshâh and invaded the latter's territory. His forces were defeated, however, and Samsam al-Daula regained Khuzestan, and even gained control of the Buyid territories in Oman. Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman ( Arabic: سلطنة عُمان) is an Arab Country in Southwest Asia on the southeast He then recognized Fakhr al-Daula as senior amir, submitting to his authority.
Fakhr al-Daula's death in 997, coupled with Samsam al-Daula's increasing troubles within his realm, provided Baha' al-Daula with the opportunity to assert his authority in Persia. Events By Place Europe First documented reference to the City of Gdańsk. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. He gained the support of the Kurdish ruler Badr ibn Hasanwaih and prepared for the expedition. The invasion began in December of 998; scarcely had it commenced when Samsam al-Daula was killed by one of the sons of 'Izz al-Daula who had risen in revolt. ' Izz al-Daula (d 978 was the Buyid amir of Iraq (967-978 He was born Bakhtiyar and was the son of Mu'izz al-Daula. Baha' al-Daula took Shiraz and defeated 'Izz al-Daula's sons. Shiraz ( شیراز Shīrāz) is the fifth most populated city in Iran and the capital of Fars Province. For the rest of his life Baha' al-Daula remained in Fars. He also managed to gain indirect control over northern Iran, where Fakr al-Daula's two sons Majd al-Daula and Shams al-Daula recognized him as senior amir by 1009 or 1010. Abu Taleb Rostam was the Buyid amir of Ray, a city in Iran (997-1029 Abu Taher (d 1021 was the Buyid ruler of Hamadan from 997 to 1021
Baha' al-Daula's reign coincided with the beginning of the decline of the Buyids. A Kurdish chief, Badr, laid the foundations for the Marwanid amirate in Diyarbakr, while the initially subservient 'Uqailids of Mosul expanded into Iraq at the Buyid's expense. Marwanid, ( 990 - 1085) was a Kurdish dynasty in Northern Mesopotamia and Armenia, centered around the city of Diyarbakır Diyarbakır (دیاربکر Diyâr-i Bekr 'land of the Bekr ' (from Persian) Kurdish Amed Zazaki language Dêrbekir Syriac The ' Uqailid or ' Uqaylid Dynasty was a Muslim Arab dynasty with several lines that ruled in various parts of Al-Jazira, northern Syria For the village in Azerbaijan see Mosul Azerbaijan. Mosul (الموصل Al Mūṣul, Kurdish: Mosul/Ninawa, Musul By the time Baha' al-Daula died, Baghdad and Wasit were the only two major Iraqi cities directly under his control. Baghdad (بغداد) is the Capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate, with which it is also coterminous Wasit ( Arabic, واسط) is a place in Wasit Governorate, south east of Kut in eastern Iraq. In the north, where Fakhr al-Daula's sons ruled, the Buyid frontier also fell back. The Ziyarids of Gorgan and Tabaristan permanently wrested themselves from Buyid control. The Ziyarids, also spelled Zeyarids (زیاریان or آل زیار were an Iranian dynasty that ruled in the Caspian sea provinces of Gorgan Gorgan ( Persian: گرگان Caspian: Vergen is the capital of the Golestan Province, Iran. The Ghaznavids kept putting pressure on the Khurasan border, while the Kakuyids began to set up a state in Isfahan. The Ghaznavid Empire was a Khorāṣānian Sunni Muslim state founded by a dynasty of Turkic Mamluk. The Kakuyids (also called Kakwayhids) were a Daylamite (Northern Iranian people) dynasty that held power in Isfahan (c Esfahān or Isfahan (historically also rendered as Ispahan or Hispahan, Old Persian: Aspadana, Middle Persian: Spahān
For various reasons, Baha' al-Daula did not actively defend the borders. Having gained undisputed control of the Buyid state, he seemed content to allow external enemies to seize territories in the west and north. He died in Arrajan in December of 1012. Shortly before his death, he named his son Sultan al-Daula as his successor. Abu Shuja (993 &ndash December 1024 was the Buyid amir of Fars (1012-1024 and Iraq (1012-1021
References
- R. N. Frye (1975). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume Four: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs. ISBN 0-521-20093-8
- Nagel, Tilman. Buyids, Encyclopaedia Iranica. http://www.iranica.com/articles/search/searchpdf.isc?ReqStrPDFPath=/home1/iranica/articles/v4_articles/buyids&OptStrLogFile=/home/iranica/public_html/logs/pdfdownload.html
| Preceded by Sharaf al-Daula |
Buyid Amir (in Iraq) 988–1012 |
Succeeded by Sultan al-Daula |
| Preceded by Samsam al-Daula |
Buyid Amir (in Fars) 998–1012 |
Succeeded by Sultan al-Daula |
| Preceded by Samsam al-Daula |
Buyid Amir (in Kerman) 998–1012 |
Succeeded by Qawam al-Daula |
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