| Bacup | |
  Bacup shown within Lancashire |
|
| Population | 12,763 (2001 Census) |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | |
| District | Rossendale |
| Shire county | Lancashire |
| Region | North West |
| Constituent country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | BACUP |
| Postcode district | OL13 |
| Dialling code | 01706 |
| Police | Lancashire |
| Fire | Lancashire |
| Ambulance | North West |
| European Parliament | North West England |
| UK Parliament | Rossendale and Darwen |
| List of places: UK • England • Lancashire | |
Bacup is a town within the Rossendale borough of Lancashire, England. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology A nationwide Census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001 The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government Rossendale is a local government district with Borough status Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of Subdivisions of England used for the purposes of Local government outside Greater London Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The, also known as the Oldham postcode area, is a group of postal districts around Ashton-Under-Lyne, Bacup, Heywood, Littleborough The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. Lancashire Constabulary is the Home Office police force responsible for policing the ceremonial county of Lancashire in the North West England The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and The Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service is the county-wide statutory emergency fire and rescue service for the Shire county of Lancashire The North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust was formed on 1 July 2006 as part of Health Minister Lord Warner's plans to reduce the number of NHS North West England is a Constituency of the European Parliament. This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a list of places within the ceremonial county boundaries of Lancashire, England. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Rossendale is a local government district with Borough status Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland It is located between Burnley, Todmorden, Rochdale and Rawtenstall, near the border with West Yorkshire. Burnley is a large Market town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73500 Todmorden is a Market town and Civil parish, within the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, in West Yorkshire, England Rochdale is a large Market town in Greater Manchester, England Rawtenstall (pronounced "Rottenstall" ˈrɒtənˌstɔːl or ˈrɒʔnˌstɔːl is a town at the centre of the Rossendale Valley, in Lancashire, West Yorkshire is a Metropolitan county within the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England with a population of According to the 2001 census, Bacup had a population of 12,763. A nationwide Census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001
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Geography and administration
In terms of altitude, Bacup is the highest town in East Lancashire (835'/250m above sea level).
Bacup was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1882. Municipal boroughs were a type of Local government which existed in England and Wales between 1835 and 1974 in Northern Ireland from 1840 to
In 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, Bacup became part of the Rossendale Borough along with Rawtenstall, Haslingden, Whitworth and Waterfoot. The Local Government Act 1972 (1972 c 70 is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, that reformed local government in England and Wales Rossendale is a local government district with Borough status Rawtenstall (pronounced "Rottenstall" ˈrɒtənˌstɔːl or ˈrɒʔnˌstɔːl is a town at the centre of the Rossendale Valley, in Lancashire, Haslingden is a small town in the Rossendale Valley in Lancashire, lying 19 miles (30 km north of Manchester. Whitworth is a village and Civil parish within the Rossendale borough of Lancashire, England. Waterfoot, Rossendale, is a village between Rawtenstall and Bacup where the B6238 from Burnley meets the A681
History
Early history
Bacup is mentioned in a charter by Robert de Lacey in 1200 where a small village named "Fulebachope" is described. The Oxford Dictionary of British Place Names translates this as "muddy valley by a ridge", which remains a recognisably accurate description. It makes it one of the oldest settlements in the Rossendale Valley. Another, oft quoted and more attractive (although sadly unreliable) explanation for the name is that farmers from the nearby Deerplay Farm would order the deer 'backup' the hill from Bacup (which is, however, pronounced 'bay-cup'). Deerplay is now the name of a pub, and the source of the River Irwell. The River Irwell is a River flowing through the Irwell Valley in the counties of Lancashire and Greater Manchester
Bacup was a small settlement throughout the Middle Ages and only began to grow during the Industrial Revolution when, along with the rest of the East Lancashire area, it grew in size as the textile industry developed rapidly and many cotton mills and associated houses were built in the area. The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the A cotton mill is a Factory housing spinning and Weaving Machinery Cotton was a leading sector in the Industrial Revolution, as cotton
Recent history
Bacup began to decline during the 20th century as an industrial settlement, a process not helped by the closure of its rail link. The twentieth century of the Common Era began on Bacup railway station served the town of Bacup in Rossendale, Lancashire, England, from 1852 until closure in 1966 The population of Bacup declined from 22,000 in the 1911 census to 15,000 in the 1971 census. [1] There are on-going attempts to halt the decline with substantial government/EU inspired investment and development schemes.
Description
Having previously been a mill town of the Industrial Revolution, Bacup was once described by English Heritage as the best preserved cotton mill town in England. A Mill town, also known as factory town or mill village, is typically a settlement that developed around one or more mills or factories (usually Cotton mills The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the English Heritage is a Non-departmental public body of the United Kingdom government ( Department for Culture Media and Sport) with a broad remit of A cotton mill is a Factory housing spinning and Weaving Machinery Cotton was a leading sector in the Industrial Revolution, as cotton [2]
Bacup is home to the 17 feet long Elgin Street which has the (much disputed) title of 'shortest street in the world' according to the Guinness Book of Records. Guinness World Records, known until 2000 as The Guinness Book of Records (and in previous U
The Bacup Natural History Society was formed in 1878. The work of the society is carried out by a group of volunteers who have a base in the Bacup Natural History Museum which contains an idiosyncratic collection. Open only on Easter Saturday and Thursday evenings from 7. 30pm.
The Britannia Coco-Nut Dancers
Bacup is home to one of the few remaining English folk dance troupes who wear blackened faces - the Britannia Coco-Nut Dancers, or 'Nutters'. English Country Dance, sometimes abbreviated ECD is a form of Folk dance. They are also the only genuinely old traditional team in existence, 'the most astounding dance occasion in the entire Custom Calendar'. [3]
Their origin is uncertain, although Moorish, pagan, medieval, mining and Cornish roots - often in combination - have been suggested. Their dancing is very distinctive and colourful, and the key date in the calendar is Easter Saturday, when they process around Bacup, starting at the Travellers Rest pub, and accompanied by the Stacksteads Silver Band. Easter ( Greek: Πάσχα Pascha or Pasxa) is the most important religious feast in the Christian Liturgical year. Their two dances are the Garland Dance and the Nut Dance. The 'nuts' are wooden discs, which are worn on the dancers' hands, knees and belts and are struck in time to the music. [4]
Notable residents
The professional English footballer, Marc Pugh was born in Bacup and he is currently playing for Shrewsbury Town in the English Football League 2. The English people (from the adjective in Englisc) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to England who predominantly speak English Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Marc Anthony Pugh (born 2 April 1987 in Bacup, England is a professional English footballer, currently playing for Shrewsbury Town in the English Shrewsbury Town Football Club are an English football club currently playing in Football League Two, the fourth tier of English football Football League Two (often referred to as League Two for short or Coca-Cola Football League 2 for Sponsorship reasons is the third-highest division of The internationally renowned fashion designer Betty Jackson was also born in Bacup, as was opera singer Sean Ruane.
Literary critic and writer Terry Eagleton. Terence Francis Eagleton (born 22 February, 1943, Salford then in Lancashire) is regarded by many as Britain's most influential living Literary
In 2007, the murder of Bacup resident Sophie Lancaster attracted media attention to the town. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The Murder of Sophie Lancaster was a high profile murder case in the United Kingdom in 2007
The Aston family of television actors are natives of Bacup: Emily Aston;[5] Sam Aston[6] and Joseph Aston[7]. Samuel "Sam" Aston (born 26 July[[ 993]] is an English Child actor, best known for having played since 2005 the role of Chesney Battersby-Brown
Cultural references
Bacup has been used as a filming location for the 1980s BBC TV police drama Juliet Bravo, Hetty Wainthropp Investigates, parts of The League of Gentlemen and much of the film Girls' Night. Juliet Bravo was a British Television series which ran between 1980 and 1985 Hetty Wainthropp Investigates is a British Crime - Comedy drama Television series which aired from 1996 to 1998 The League of Gentlemen is a quartet of British comedy writer/performers formed in 1995 by Jeremy Dyson, Mark Gatiss, Steve Pemberton Elements of the BBC TV drama Oranges Are Not The Only Fruit were also filmed on location in Bacup. Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit was a critically acclaimed 1990 BBC television drama mini-series directed by Beeban Kidron.
References
- ^ Census of England & Wales 1911. Return for Bacup CP 22,318; 1971 return for Bacup MB 15,115
- ^ rossendale. gov. uk - Rossendale Tourist Board 2007
- ^ National Trust Guide to Traditional Customs of Britain pp. 45; Brian Shuel; Webb & Bower 1985; ISBN 0-86350-051-X
- ^ Once a Year, Some Traditional British Customs pp. 40-41; Homer Sykes; Gordon Fraser, London 1977; ISBN 0 900406 68 2
- ^ Emily Aston. IMDb.
- ^ Sam Aston. IMDb.
- ^ Joseph Aston. IMDb.
External links
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