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For the video game, see Baby Boomer (video game). Baby Boomer is an unlicensed action Video game created by Color Dreams for the NES.
For further information, see Post-World War II baby boom. As is often the case after a major war the end of World War II brought a Baby boom to many countries notably those in Europe, Asia, North America

Baby boomer is a term used to describe a person who was born during the Post-World War II baby boom between 1946 and the early 1960s. As is often the case after a major war the end of World War II brought a Baby boom to many countries notably those in Europe, Asia, North America [1][2] Following World War II, these countries experienced an unusual spike in birth rates, a phenomenon commonly referred to as the baby boom. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Crude birth rate is the natality or Childbirths per 1000 people per year A baby boom is any period of greatly increased birth rate during a certain period and usually within certain geographical bounds and when the birth rate exceeds 2% of the population The terms "baby boomer" and "baby boom", along with others expressions, are also used in countries with demographics that did not mirror the sustained growth in American families over the same interval. Demographics or demographic data refers to selected population characteristics as used in government Marketing or opinion research or the Demographic profiles [3]


Contents

Demographics

If the gross number of births were the indicator, births began to decline from the peak in 1957 (4,300,000), but fluctuated or did not decline by much more than 40,000 (1959-1960) to 60,000 (1962-1963) until a sharp decline from 1964 (4,027,490) to 1965 (3,760,358). This sharp decline resulted from millions of women using birth control pills, which were introduced in 1960 in the U. S. , and widely used by 1964. [4] This makes 1965 a good year to mark the end of the baby boom in the U. S. [5] However, it is important to note that 1964 is a nationwide average. Although it is true that 1946 marks the beginning of the boom nationwide, the end of the boom (the year of baseline birthrates returning to pre-war levels) on a state-by-state basis varied a great deal spanning throughout the 1960s.

While 1945-1965 reflect the post-World War II demographic boom in births, there is a growing consensus among generational experts that two distinct cultural generations occupy these years. Generation (from the Greek γενεά) also known as procreation, is the act of producing Offspring. The conceptualization that has gained the most public acceptance is that of a 1942-1953 Baby Boom Generation, followed by a 1954-1965 Generation Jones. Generation Jones is a term that describes people in certain English-speaking countries born between the years 1954 and 1965 Boomers and Jonesers had dramatically different formative experiences which gave rise to dramatically different collective personalities. Other monikers have been sometimes used to describe the younger cohort, like "Trailing Edge Boomers", "Late Boomers", and "Shadow Boomers". In his book Boomer Nation, Steve Gillon states that the baby boom began in 1946 and ends in 1960, but he divides Baby Boomers into two groups: Boomers, born between 1945 and 1957; and Shadow Boomers born between 1958 and 1964. [6] Further, in Marketing to Leading-Edge Baby Boomers, author Brent Green defines Leading-Edge Boomers as those born between 1946 and 1955. This group is a self-defining generational cohort or unit because its members all reached their late teen years during the height of the Vietnam War era, the defining historical event of this coming-of-age period. The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia Green describes the second half of the demographic baby boom, born from the mid-1950s through the mid-1960s as either Trailing-Edge Boomers or Generation Jones. [7] In some cases the term Shadow Boomer is incorrectly applied to the children of the Baby Boomers; this group is more accurately referred to as Echo Boomers. .

It can be argued that the defining event of early Baby Boomers was the Vietnam War and the protest over the draft, which ended in 1973. The Draft redirects here For other uses see Draft. Conscription in the United States has been employed several times usually during Since anyone born after 1955 was not subject to the draft, this argues for the ten years including 1946 to 1955 as defining the baby boomers. This would fit the thirtysomething demographic covered by the TV show of the same name which aired from 1987-1991. For the television show of the same name see Thirtysomething ''(TV series'' The term thirtysomething was initially introduced during the 1980s The cultural disaffinities of those born after 1955 (thereby missing the draft and being too young to be part of the 1960s) could be captured by the Gen X of Douglas Coupland in his book Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture. Generation X is a term used to describe generations in the United States and other countries born between the approximate years of 1965 to 1981 the late 1950s and 1960s or Douglas Coupland (born December 30, 1961) is a Canadian Novelist. Generation X Tales for an Accelerated Culture, published by St The term "X" has itself been transformed to cover a later cohort.

In the United States, Kathleen Casey-Kirschling, born in Philadelphia on January 1, 1946, at 12:00:01 a. Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. m. , is generally recognized as the nation's first baby boomer. Casey-Kirschling, a former teacher, applied for Social Security benefits on 15 October 2007 over the Internet at an event attended by Social Security Commissioner Michael Astrue. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. [1]. This signaled the start of an expected avalanche of applications from the post World War II war generation.

United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom, the pattern of increased birth rates was more likely to decrease within six months. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located There was a sharp post-World War II peak in 1947, when more babies were born than in any year since the post-World War I peak in 1920, followed by a decline, followed by a broader but lower peak in the 1960s. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Thus British Baby Boomers are younger than their American counterparts and had not risen to such prominence when the term was coined. The two peaks can clearly be seen in the age structure of England and Wales. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland [8]

Soviet Union

In the Soviet Union, members of the birth upswing after World War II are called the Sputnik Generation after the Soviet-satellite launched in 1957. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Sputnik 1 ( "Спутник-1", "Satellite-1" ПС-1 ( PS-1, i One of the many aspects of the competition between the U. S. and the U. S. S. R. which characterized the Cold War was competition in birth rate. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the [9]

Australia

The Australian Bureau of Statistics defines the Baby Boomers as “those who were born in Australia or overseas during the years 1946 to 1964”. In fact the fertility rate began its rapid rise in 1946, peaking in 1961 and by 1965 it had dropped just below the 1946 level.

Characteristics

Size and economic impact

Seventy-six million American children were born between 1945 and 1964, representing a cohort that is significant on account of its size alone. Boomers comprise nearly 28% of the adult US population. [10] In 2004, the UK baby boomers held 80% of the UK's wealth and bought 80% of all top of the range cars, 80% of cruises and 50% of skincare products. [11]

In addition to the size of the group, Steve Gillon has suggested that one thing that sets the baby boomers apart from other generational groups is the fact that "almost from the time they were conceived, Boomers were dissected, analyzed, and pitched to by modern marketers, who reinforced a sense of generational distinctiveness. "[6] This is supported by the articles of the late 1940s identifying the increasing number of babies as an economic boom, such as in the Newsweek article of August 9, 1948, "Population: Babies Mean Business",[12] or Time article of February 9, 1948. Newsweek is an American weekly Newsmagazine published in New York City. Events 48 BC - Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [13] The effect of the baby boom continued to be analyzed and exploited throughout the 1950s and 60s. [14]

Boomers have often found difficulty managing their time and money due to an issue that other generations have not had a problem with. Because the Baby Boomer generation has found that their parents are living longer, their children are seeking a better and longer college education, and they themselves are having children later in life, the boomers have become "sandwiched" between generations. The "sandwich generation", coined in the 1980s, refers to baby boomers who must care for both elderly parents and young children at the same time. The Sandwich Generation are a generation of people who care for their aging parents while supporting their own children

The age wave theory suggests an impending economic slowdown when the boomers start retiring during 2007-2009. In contemporary Economics, Harry Dent a Harvard graduate and Fortune 100 consultant has popularized the Baby-boomer age-wave theory

Cultural identity

The baby boomers were the first group to be raised with televisions in the home, and television has been identified as "the institution that solidified the sense of generational identity more than any other. "[6] Starting in the 1950s, people in diverse geographic locations could watch the same shows, listen to the same news, and laugh at the same jokes. Television shows such as Father Knows Best and Leave it to Beaver showed idealized family settings. Father Knows Best was an American radio and television Sitcom of the 1950s and 1960s portrayed an idealized vision of Middle class Leave It to Beaver is a 1950s and 1960s family-oriented American Television Situation comedy about an inquisitive Later, the boomers watched scenes from the Vietnam War and the assassinations of John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Robert F. Kennedy. The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia AssassiNation is the sixth album by Krisiun, released in 2006 on Century Media. John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of Martin Luther King Jr ( January 15, 1929 April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, Activist and prominent leader Robert Francis "Bobby" Kennedy (November 20 1925 – June 6 1968 also called RFK, was the United States Attorney General from 1961 to 1964 and a

The boomers found that their music, most notably rock and roll, was another expression of their generational identity. Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African Transistor radios were personal devices that allowed teenagers to listen to The Beatles and The Motown Sound. This article is about an electronic device For the fourth studio album by M The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 "Motown" redirects here For the city see Detroit Michigan.

In 1993, Time magazine reported on the religious affiliations of baby boomers. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Citing Wade Clark Roof, a sociologist at the University of California at Santa Barbara, the articles stated that about 42% of baby boomers were dropouts from formal religion, a third had never strayed from church, and one-fourth of boomers were returning to religious practice. Sociology (from Latin: socius "companion" and the suffix -ology "the study of" from Greek λόγος lógos "knowledge" The University of California ( UC) is a Public university system in the state of California. Santa Barbara is a city in Santa Barbara County California, United States. The boomers returning to religion were "usually less tied to tradition and less dependable as church members than the loyalists. They are also more liberal, which deepens rifts over issues like abortion and homosexuality. "[15]

It is jokingly said that, whatever year they were born, boomers were coming of age at the same time across the world; so that Britain was undergoing Beatlemania (which in fact occurred before the peak of the British baby boom in 1966) while people in the United States were driving over to Woodstock, organizing against the Vietnam War, or fighting and dying in the same war; boomers in Italy were dressing in mod clothes and "buying the world a Coke"; boomers in India were seeking new philosophical discoveries; American boomers in Canada had just found a new home after escaping the draft south of the border; Canadian Boomers were organizing support for Pierre Trudeau;. Beatlemania is a term that was used during the 1960s to describe the intense fan frenzy (particularly demonstrated by young teen girls directed toward The Beatles, particularly Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Coca-Cola is a carbonated Soft drink sold in stores restaurants and Vending machines in more than 200 countries India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page It is precisely these experiences why many believe that trailing boomers (those born in the 1960s) belong to another cohort, as events that defined their coming of age have nothing in common with leading or core boomers (which Daniel Yankelovich and other demographers made perfectly clear). Daniel Yankelovich (born 1924 is a Public opinion analyst and Social scientist.

In the 1985 study of US generational cohorts by Schuman and Scott, a broad sample of adults was asked, "What world events over the past 50 years were especially important to them?"[16] For the baby boomers the results were:

Aging and end of life issues

As of 1998, it was reported that a generation boomers had tended to avoid discussions and planning for their demise and avoided much long term planning. John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of The sexual revolution refers to the well-documented changes in social thought and codes of behaviour related to sexuality throughout the Western world that continues to evolve See also Protests of 1968 Historically the civil rights movement was a concentrated period of time around the world of approximately twenty years (1960-1980 in The environmental movement, a term that includes the conservation and green movements is a diverse scientific social and Political movement for Feminism is a discourse that involves various movements theories, and Philosophies which are concerned with the issue of Gender difference, advocate The Watergate scandals were a series of Political scandals during the presidency of Richard Nixon that resulted in the Indictment of several of Nixon's Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the The 1973 oil crisis began on October 17 1973 when the members of Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC consisting of the Arab members of [17] However, beginning at least as early as that year, there has been a growing dialogue on how to manage aging and end of life issues as the generation ages. [18] In particular, a number of commentators have argued that Baby Boomers are in a state of denial regarding their own aging and death and are leaving an undue economic burden on their children for their retirement and care. [19][20][21]

Journalist Jeff Chang wrote in his book Can't Stop Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation, "Boomers seem to have had great difficulty imagining what could come after themselves. "[22]

One book, written by Colorado doctor Terry Grossman, titled "The Baby Boomers' Guide to Living Forever", proposes how Baby Boomers might avoid death. On page 3 of the book, Grossman writes, unironically, "As an official member of the Baby Boomer Generation, I really and truly do not believe that it was intended for us to die. Death, if and when it occurs, clearly will represent a mistake of some kind. "[23]

The humor publication The Onion published a satirical article celebrating the anticipated large-scale deaths of Baby Boomers in the upcoming years, quoting one fictional expert as saying the Boomers are "the most odious generation America has ever produced. "[24]

James Love of BoomerDeathCounter. com claims that a Baby Boomer will die every 49. 5 seconds in the USA during the year 2008. [25]

Impact on history and culture

An indication of the importance put on the impact of the boomer was the selection by Time magazine of the Baby Boom Generation as its 1967 "Man of the Year". As Claire Raines points out in ‘Beyond Generation X’, “never before in history had youth been so idealized as they were at this moment. ” When Generation X came along it had much to live up to and to some degree has always lived in the shadow of the Boomers, more than often criticized (‘slackers’, ‘whiners’ and ‘the doom generation’) than not. [26]

One of the contributions made by the Boomer generation appears to be the expansion of individual freedom. Boomers often are associated with the civil rights movement, the feminist cause in the 1970s, gay rights, handicapped rights, and the right to privacy. Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender social movements share related goals of social acceptance of Homosexuality, Bisexuality and Transgenderism Lesbian [6]

Baby boomers presently make up the lion's share of the political, cultural, industrial, and academic leadership class in the United States. Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, born within sixty days of each other in mid-1946, are the first and second Baby Boomer U.S. presidents, and their careers in office illustrate the wide, often diverging, spectrum of values and attitudes espoused by this largest American generational group to date. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by To date, baby boomers also have the highest median household incomes in the United States. The median household income is commonly used to provide data about geographic areas and divides households into two equal segments with the first half of Households earning less

Boomer labels

The labels reflect the times of a generation: national or global events, trends and developments - as well as stereotypes.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Statistics Canada - Canada's population by age and sex
  2. ^ US Census Bureau - Oldest Boomers Turn 60 (2006)
  3. ^ Marchand, Philip, "Life Inside the Population Bulge: The scared, scrambling lives of the Boomies", Saturday Night Magazine, October 1979 retrieved from It Seems Like Yesterday e-zine on January 25, 2007
  4. ^ The Pill: 30 Years of Safety Concerns (December 1990)
  5. ^ Birth numbers from the CDC, retrieved 2007-01-29
  6. ^ a b c d Gillon, Steve (2004) Boomer Nation: The Largest and Richest Generation Ever, and How It Changed America, Free Press, "Introduction", ISBN 0743229479
  7. ^ Green, Brent (2006) Marketing to Leading-Edge Baby Boomers: Perceptions, Principles, Practices, Predictions, Paramount Market Books, ISBN 0976697351
  8. ^ Age Structure of England and Wales, UK Office for National Statistics UK population pyramids
  9. ^ Russian baby boomers of "Sputnik Generation" tell their stories in Donald J. The United States is an urbanized nation with 808 percent of its population of 305186613 residing in cities and suburbs as of mid-year 2005 A generation gap is a popular term used to describe big differences between people of a younger generation and their elders Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 904 - Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed Antipope Christopher. Raleigh's book Russia's Sputnik Generation: Soviet Baby Boomers Talk about Their Lives
  10. ^ "About us", Boomj. com. Retrieved on 2007-07-05. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England.  
  11. ^ Walker, Duncan (Sept 16, 2004) "Live Fast, Die Old", BBC News site, retrieved 2007-01-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France.
  12. ^ "Population: Babies Mean Business", Newsweek, August 9, 1948 retrieved 2007-01-26
  13. ^ "Baby Boom", Time, February 9, 1948, retrieved 2007-01-26
  14. ^ Edsall, Richard Bouncing Birth Rate Will Mean Big Future Consumer Market, Canadian Business, February 1957
  15. ^ Ostling, Richard N., "The Church Search", 5 April 1993 Time article retrieved 2007-01-27
  16. ^ Schuman, H. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France. Richard and Joan Ostling are United States Authors and Journalists living in Ridgewood New Jersey. Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. and Scott, J. (1989), Generations and collective memories, American Psychological Review, vol. 54, 1989, pp. 359-81.
  17. ^ Baby boomers lag in preparing funerals, estates, et al The Business Journal of Milwaukee - December 18, 1998 by Robert Mullins retrieved 2007-06-18
  18. ^ Article in the New York Times, March 30, 1998
  19. ^ Article from the Associated Press, March 5, 2004
  20. ^ Article in the San Diego Union-Tribune
  21. ^ Article by Robert Samuelson
  22. ^ Excerpt from the book Can't Stop Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation
  23. ^ Link to search the text of Terry Grossman's book The Baby Boomers' Guide to Living Forever
  24. ^ Satirical article from The Onion
  25. ^ Boomer Death Counter
  26. ^ 1997, Beyond generation X, Crisp Publications, USA. Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries Events 240 BC - 1st recorded Perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "
  27. ^ McCrindle Research 2008, 'The ABC of XYZ', http://www.mccrindle.com.au, accessed 9 April, 2008.

External links


Preceded by
Silent Generation
(1925-1945)		 Baby Boom Generation
(1946-1953)		 Succeeded by
Generation Jones
(1954-1965)


tags
The Open Directory Project ( ODP) also known as dmoz (from directory The name Silent Generation was coined in the November 5, 1951 cover story of Time to refer to the Generation within the United States Generation Jones is a term that describes people in certain English-speaking countries born between the years 1954 and 1965

Dictionary

baby boomer

-noun

  1. A person born in the postwar years (generally considered as the decade between 1945 and 1955), when there was an increase in the birth rate following the return of servicemen at the end of World War II.
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