| Nerve: Axillary nerve | |
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| Brachial plexus. (Axillary nerve is visible in gray near center. ) | |
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| The suprascapular, axillary, and radial nerves. The suprascapular nerve arises from the trunk formed by the union of the fifth and sixth Cervical nerves. The radial nerve is a Nerve in the human body that supplies the Triceps brachii muscle of the arm as well as all 12 muscles in the Posterior osteofascial compartment (Axillary labeled at upper right. ) | |
| Latin | nervus axillaris |
| Gray's | subject #210 934 |
| Innervates | deltoid, teres minor, axilla |
| From | posterior cord (C5, C6) |
| Dorlands / Elsevier |
n_05/12565259 |
The axillary nerve is a nerve of the human body, that comes off the posterior cord of the brachial plexus at the level of the axilla (armpit) and carries nerve fibers from C5 and C6. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. This is a list of the subjects in Gray's Anatomy: IX Neurology The Teres minor is a narrow elongated muscle of the Rotator cuff. The axilla (or armpit, underarm, or oxter) is the area on the human body directly under the joint where the Arm connects to the Shoulder The posterior cord is a division of the Brachial plexus. It consists of contributions from all of the roots of the brachial plexus Elsevier, the world's largest Publisher of Medical and Scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group A nerve is an enclosed cable-like bundle of peripheral Axons (the long slender projections of Neurons. The posterior cord is a division of the Brachial plexus. It consists of contributions from all of the roots of the brachial plexus The brachial Plexus is an arrangement of nerve fibers running from the spine formed by the Ventral rami of the lower cervical and upper thoracic nerve roots specifically The axilla (or armpit, underarm, or oxter) is the area on the human body directly under the joint where the Arm connects to the Shoulder The axillary nerve travels through the quadrangular space with the posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein. The quadrangular space is an Axillary space in the arm Boundaries It is bounded by above/superior the Subscapularis The posterior humeral circumflex artery ( posterior circumflex artery, posterior circumflex humeral artery) arises from the Axillary artery at the lower
Contents |
Muscular and sensory innervation
It supplies two muscles, deltoid (a muscle of the shoulder), and teres minor (one of the rotator cuff muscles). Muscle (from Latin musculus, diminutive of mus "mouse" is contractile tissue of the body and is derived from the The Teres minor is a narrow elongated muscle of the Rotator cuff. The rotator cuff (rotor cuff is an anatomical term given to the group of Muscles and their Tendons that act to stabilize the Shoulder.
The axillary nerve also carries sensory information from the shoulder joint, as well as the skin covering the inferior region of the deltoid muscle - the "regimental badge" area (which is innervated by the Superior Lateral Cutaneous Nerve branch of the Axillary nerve). The glenohumeral joint, commonly known as the Shoulder joint, is a synovial Ball and socket joint and involves articulation between the The superior lateral cutaneous nerve of arm (or superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve) is the continuation of the posterior cord of the Axillary nerve, after it
When the axillary nerve splits off from the posterior cord, the continuation of the cord is the radial nerve. The radial nerve is a Nerve in the human body that supplies the Triceps brachii muscle of the arm as well as all 12 muscles in the Posterior osteofascial compartment
Branches
It lies at first behind the axillary artery, and in front of the Subscapularis, and passes downward to the lower border of that muscle. In Human anatomy, the axillary artery is a large Blood vessel that conveys oxygenated Blood to the lateral aspect of the Thorax, the Axilla The Subscapularis is a large triangular muscle which fills the Subscapular fossa.
It then winds backward, in company with the posterior humeral circumflex artery, through a quadrilateral space bounded above by the Teres Minor, below by the Teres major, medially by the long head of the Triceps brachii, and laterally by the surgical neck of the humerus, and divides into an anterior and a posterior branch. Teres major is a muscle of the Upper limb and one of six scapulohumeral muscles The triceps brachii ( Latin for "three-headed" of the arm is the large muscle on the back of the human Upper limb. The surgical neck of the humerus is a constriction below the tubercles of the Greater tubercle and Lesser tubercle.
- The anterior branch (upper branch) winds around the surgical neck of the humerus, beneath the Deltoideus, with the posterior humeral circumflex vessels, as far as the anterior border of that muscle, supplying it, and giving off a few small cutaneous branches, which pierce the muscle and ramify in the skin covering its lower part. The surgical neck of the humerus is a constriction below the tubercles of the Greater tubercle and Lesser tubercle.
- The posterior branch (lower branch) supplies the Teres minor and the posterior part of the Deltoideus; upon the branch to the Teres minor an oval enlargement (pseudoganglion) usually exists. The posterior branch then pierces the deep fascia and is continued as the lateral brachial cutaneous nerve, which sweeps around the posterior border of the Deltoideus and supplies the skin over the lower two-thirds of the posterior part of this muscle, as well as that covering the long head of the Triceps brachii.
The trunk of the axillary nerve gives off an articular filament which enters the shoulder-joint below the Subscapularis. In Human anatomy, the shoulder joint comprises the part of the body where the Humerus attaches to the Scapula.
Injury
The axillary nerve may be injured in anterior dislocations of the shoulder joint, compression of the axilla with a crutch or fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus. Injury to the nerve results in: -
1. Paralysis of the teres minor and deltoid muscles. Abduction of the shoulder is impaired.
2. Loss of sensation over a small part of the lateral upper arm
Additional images
 Brachial plexus |
 Suprascapular and axillary nerves of right side, seen from behind. |
 Cutaneous nerves of right upper extremity. |
 Diagram of segmental distribution of the cutaneous nerves of the right upper extremity. |
 Back of right upper extremity, showing surface markings for bones and nerves. |
External links
- Duke Orthopedics axillary_nerve
- Axillary+nerve at eMedicine Dictionary
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. Duke University is a private Research University located in Durham, North Carolina, United States. eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996 by Scott Plantz and Richard Lavely two medical doctors The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened is an English-language Human anatomy Textbook As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
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